xref: /netbsd-src/usr.bin/base64/base64.c (revision ccd9df534e375a4366c5b55f23782053c7a98d82)
1 /*	$NetBSD: base64.c,v 1.8 2023/08/23 19:16:14 rillig Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2018 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Christos Zoulas.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 __RCSID("$NetBSD: base64.c,v 1.8 2023/08/23 19:16:14 rillig Exp $");
34 
35 #include <ctype.h>
36 #include <errno.h>
37 #include <err.h>
38 #include <stdbool.h>
39 #include <stdio.h>
40 #include <stdint.h>
41 #include <stdlib.h>
42 #include <string.h>
43 #include <unistd.h>
44 
45 static const char B64[] =
46     "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
47 
48 static size_t
49 getinput(FILE *fin, uint8_t in[3])
50 {
51 	size_t res;
52 	int c;
53 
54 	for (res = 0; res < 3 && (c = getc(fin)) != EOF; res++)
55 		in[res] = (uint8_t)c;
56 	for (size_t i = res; i < 3; i++)
57 		in[i] = 0;
58 
59 	return res;
60 }
61 
62 static int
63 putoutput(FILE *fout, uint8_t out[4], size_t len, size_t wrap, size_t *pos)
64 {
65 	size_t i;
66 
67 	for (i = 0; i < len + 1; i++) {
68 		if (out[i] >= 64)
69 			return EINVAL;
70 		if (fputc(B64[out[i]], fout) == EOF)
71 			return errno;
72 		if (++(*pos) == wrap) {
73 			if (fputc('\n', fout) == EOF)
74 				return errno;
75 			*pos = 0;
76 		}
77 	}
78 	for (; i < 4; i++) {
79 		if (fputc('=', fout) == EOF)
80 			return errno;
81 		if (++(*pos) == wrap) {
82 			if (fputc('\n', fout) == EOF)
83 				return errno;
84 			*pos = 0;
85 		}
86 	}
87 
88 	return 0;
89 }
90 
91 static void
92 encode(uint8_t out[4], uint8_t in[3])
93 {
94 	out[0] = in[0] >> 2;
95 	out[1] = (uint8_t)(((in[0] & 0x03) << 4) | (in[1] >> 4));
96 	out[2] = (uint8_t)(((in[1] & 0x0f) << 2) | (in[2] >> 6));
97 	out[3] = in[2] & 0x3f;
98 }
99 
100 static int
101 b64_encode(FILE *fout, FILE *fin, size_t wrap)
102 {
103 	uint8_t in[3];
104 	uint8_t out[4];
105 	size_t ilen;
106 	size_t pos = 0;
107 	int e;
108 
109 	while ((ilen = getinput(fin, in)) > 2) {
110 		encode(out, in);
111 		if ((e = putoutput(fout, out, ilen, wrap, &pos)) != 0)
112 			return e;
113 	}
114 
115 	if (ilen != 0) {
116 		encode(out, in);
117 		if ((e = putoutput(fout, out, ilen, wrap, &pos)) != 0)
118 			return e;
119 	}
120 
121 	if (pos != 0 && wrap != 0) {
122 		if (fputc('\n', fout) == EOF)
123 			return errno;
124 	}
125 	return 0;
126 }
127 
128 static int
129 b64_decode(FILE *fout, FILE *fin, bool ignore)
130 {
131 	int state, c;
132 	uint8_t b, out;
133 	const char *pos;
134 
135 	state = 0;
136 	out = 0;
137 
138 	while ((c = getc(fin)) != EOF) {
139 		if (ignore && isspace(c))
140 			continue;
141 
142 		if (c == '=')
143 			break;
144 
145 		pos = strchr(B64, c);
146 		if (pos == NULL)
147 			return EFTYPE;
148 
149 		b = (uint8_t)(pos - B64);
150 
151 		switch (state) {
152 		case 0:
153 			out = (uint8_t)(b << 2);
154 			break;
155 		case 1:
156 			out |= b >> 4;
157 			if (fputc(out, fout) == EOF)
158 				return errno;
159 			out = (uint8_t)((b & 0xf) << 4);
160 			break;
161 		case 2:
162 			out |= b >> 2;
163 			if (fputc(out, fout) == EOF)
164 				return errno;
165 			out = (uint8_t)((b & 0x3) << 6);
166 			break;
167 		case 3:
168 			out |= b;
169 			if (fputc(out, fout) == EOF)
170 				return errno;
171 			out = 0;
172 			break;
173 		default:
174 			abort();
175 		}
176 		state = (state + 1) & 3;
177 	}
178 
179 	if (c == '=') {
180 		switch (state) {
181 		case 0:
182 		case 1:
183 			return EFTYPE;
184 		case 2:
185 			while ((c = getc(fin)) != EOF) {
186 				if (ignore && isspace(c))
187 					continue;
188 				break;
189 			}
190 			if (c != '=')
191 				return EFTYPE;
192 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
193 		case 3:
194 			while ((c = getc(fin)) != EOF) {
195 				if (ignore && isspace(c))
196 					continue;
197 				break;
198 			}
199 			if (c != EOF)
200 				return EFTYPE;
201 			return 0;
202 		default:
203 			abort();
204 		}
205 	}
206 
207 	if (c != EOF || state != 0)
208 		return EFTYPE;
209 
210 	return 0;
211 }
212 
213 static __dead void
214 usage(void)
215 {
216 	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [-di] [-w <wrap>] [<file>]...\n",
217 	    getprogname());
218 	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
219 }
220 
221 static void
222 doit(FILE *fout, FILE *fin, bool decode, bool ignore, size_t wrap)
223 {
224 	int e;
225 
226 	if (decode)
227 		e = b64_decode(fout, fin, ignore);
228 	else
229 		e = b64_encode(fout, fin, wrap);
230 
231 	if (e == 0)
232 		return;
233 	errc(EXIT_FAILURE, e, "%scoding failed", decode ? "De": "En");
234 }
235 
236 int
237 main(int argc, char *argv[])
238 {
239 	bool decode = false;
240 	size_t wrap = 76;
241 	bool ignore = true;
242 	int c;
243 
244 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "b:Ddiw:")) != -1) {
245 		switch (c) {
246 		case 'D':
247 			decode = ignore = true;
248 			break;
249 		case 'd':
250 			decode = true;
251 			break;
252 		case 'i':
253 			ignore = true;
254 			break;
255 		case 'b':
256 		case 'w':
257 			wrap = (size_t)atoi(optarg);
258 			break;
259 		default:
260 			usage();
261 		}
262 	}
263 
264 	if (optind == argc) {
265 		doit(stdout, stdin, decode, ignore, wrap);
266 		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
267 	}
268 
269 	for (c = optind; c < argc; c++) {
270 		FILE *fp = strcmp(argv[c], "-") == 0 ?
271 		    stdin : fopen(argv[c], "r");
272 		if (fp == NULL)
273 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "Can't open `%s'", argv[c]);
274 		doit(stdout, fp, decode, ignore, wrap);
275 		if (fp != stdin)
276 			fclose(fp);
277 	}
278 
279 	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
280 }
281