xref: /netbsd-src/sys/uvm/uvm_map.c (revision 1ca06f9c9235889e2ff6dc77279d01d151d70a9a)
1 /*	$NetBSD: uvm_map.c,v 1.284 2009/11/07 07:27:49 cegger Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1997 Charles D. Cranor and Washington University.
5  * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, The Regents of the University of California.
6  *
7  * All rights reserved.
8  *
9  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
10  * The Mach Operating System project at Carnegie-Mellon University.
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
21  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
22  *	This product includes software developed by Charles D. Cranor,
23  *      Washington University, the University of California, Berkeley and
24  *      its contributors.
25  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
26  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
27  *    without specific prior written permission.
28  *
29  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
30  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
31  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
32  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
33  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
34  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
35  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
36  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
37  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
38  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
39  * SUCH DAMAGE.
40  *
41  *	@(#)vm_map.c    8.3 (Berkeley) 1/12/94
42  * from: Id: uvm_map.c,v 1.1.2.27 1998/02/07 01:16:54 chs Exp
43  *
44  *
45  * Copyright (c) 1987, 1990 Carnegie-Mellon University.
46  * All rights reserved.
47  *
48  * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and
49  * its documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
50  * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
51  * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
52  * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
53  *
54  * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
55  * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND
56  * FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
57  *
58  * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
59  *
60  *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
61  *  School of Computer Science
62  *  Carnegie Mellon University
63  *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
64  *
65  * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie the
66  * rights to redistribute these changes.
67  */
68 
69 /*
70  * uvm_map.c: uvm map operations
71  */
72 
73 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
74 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: uvm_map.c,v 1.284 2009/11/07 07:27:49 cegger Exp $");
75 
76 #include "opt_ddb.h"
77 #include "opt_uvmhist.h"
78 #include "opt_uvm.h"
79 #include "opt_sysv.h"
80 
81 #include <sys/param.h>
82 #include <sys/systm.h>
83 #include <sys/mman.h>
84 #include <sys/proc.h>
85 #include <sys/malloc.h>
86 #include <sys/pool.h>
87 #include <sys/kernel.h>
88 #include <sys/mount.h>
89 #include <sys/vnode.h>
90 #include <sys/lockdebug.h>
91 #include <sys/atomic.h>
92 
93 #ifdef SYSVSHM
94 #include <sys/shm.h>
95 #endif
96 
97 #include <uvm/uvm.h>
98 #include <uvm/uvm_readahead.h>
99 
100 #if defined(DDB) || defined(DEBUGPRINT)
101 #include <uvm/uvm_ddb.h>
102 #endif
103 
104 #if !defined(UVMMAP_COUNTERS)
105 
106 #define	UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(name)	/* nothing */
107 #define UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(ev)		/* nothing */
108 #define UVMMAP_EVCNT_DECR(ev)		/* nothing */
109 
110 #else /* defined(UVMMAP_NOCOUNTERS) */
111 
112 #include <sys/evcnt.h>
113 #define	UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(name) \
114 struct evcnt uvmmap_evcnt_##name = EVCNT_INITIALIZER(EVCNT_TYPE_MISC, NULL, \
115     "uvmmap", #name); \
116 EVCNT_ATTACH_STATIC(uvmmap_evcnt_##name);
117 #define	UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(ev)		uvmmap_evcnt_##ev.ev_count++
118 #define	UVMMAP_EVCNT_DECR(ev)		uvmmap_evcnt_##ev.ev_count--
119 
120 #endif /* defined(UVMMAP_NOCOUNTERS) */
121 
122 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(ubackmerge)
123 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(uforwmerge)
124 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(ubimerge)
125 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(unomerge)
126 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(kbackmerge)
127 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(kforwmerge)
128 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(kbimerge)
129 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(knomerge)
130 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(map_call)
131 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(mlk_call)
132 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(mlk_hint)
133 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(mlk_list)
134 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(mlk_tree)
135 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(mlk_treeloop)
136 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(mlk_listloop)
137 
138 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(uke_alloc)
139 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(uke_free)
140 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(ukh_alloc)
141 UVMMAP_EVCNT_DEFINE(ukh_free)
142 
143 const char vmmapbsy[] = "vmmapbsy";
144 
145 /*
146  * cache for vmspace structures.
147  */
148 
149 static struct pool_cache uvm_vmspace_cache;
150 
151 /*
152  * cache for dynamically-allocated map entries.
153  */
154 
155 static struct pool_cache uvm_map_entry_cache;
156 
157 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_VMMAP, "VM map", "VM map structures");
158 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_VMPMAP, "VM pmap", "VM pmap");
159 
160 #ifdef PMAP_GROWKERNEL
161 /*
162  * This global represents the end of the kernel virtual address
163  * space.  If we want to exceed this, we must grow the kernel
164  * virtual address space dynamically.
165  *
166  * Note, this variable is locked by kernel_map's lock.
167  */
168 vaddr_t uvm_maxkaddr;
169 #endif
170 
171 /*
172  * macros
173  */
174 
175 /*
176  * VM_MAP_USE_KMAPENT: determine if uvm_kmapent_alloc/free is used
177  * for the vm_map.
178  */
179 extern struct vm_map *pager_map; /* XXX */
180 #define	VM_MAP_USE_KMAPENT_FLAGS(flags) \
181 	(((flags) & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE) != 0)
182 #define	VM_MAP_USE_KMAPENT(map) \
183 	(VM_MAP_USE_KMAPENT_FLAGS((map)->flags) || (map) == kernel_map)
184 
185 /*
186  * UVM_ET_ISCOMPATIBLE: check some requirements for map entry merging
187  */
188 
189 #define	UVM_ET_ISCOMPATIBLE(ent, type, uobj, meflags, \
190     prot, maxprot, inh, adv, wire) \
191 	((ent)->etype == (type) && \
192 	(((ent)->flags ^ (meflags)) & (UVM_MAP_NOMERGE | UVM_MAP_QUANTUM)) \
193 	== 0 && \
194 	(ent)->object.uvm_obj == (uobj) && \
195 	(ent)->protection == (prot) && \
196 	(ent)->max_protection == (maxprot) && \
197 	(ent)->inheritance == (inh) && \
198 	(ent)->advice == (adv) && \
199 	(ent)->wired_count == (wire))
200 
201 /*
202  * uvm_map_entry_link: insert entry into a map
203  *
204  * => map must be locked
205  */
206 #define uvm_map_entry_link(map, after_where, entry) do { \
207 	uvm_mapent_check(entry); \
208 	(map)->nentries++; \
209 	(entry)->prev = (after_where); \
210 	(entry)->next = (after_where)->next; \
211 	(entry)->prev->next = (entry); \
212 	(entry)->next->prev = (entry); \
213 	uvm_rb_insert((map), (entry)); \
214 } while (/*CONSTCOND*/ 0)
215 
216 /*
217  * uvm_map_entry_unlink: remove entry from a map
218  *
219  * => map must be locked
220  */
221 #define uvm_map_entry_unlink(map, entry) do { \
222 	KASSERT((entry) != (map)->first_free); \
223 	KASSERT((entry) != (map)->hint); \
224 	uvm_mapent_check(entry); \
225 	(map)->nentries--; \
226 	(entry)->next->prev = (entry)->prev; \
227 	(entry)->prev->next = (entry)->next; \
228 	uvm_rb_remove((map), (entry)); \
229 } while (/*CONSTCOND*/ 0)
230 
231 /*
232  * SAVE_HINT: saves the specified entry as the hint for future lookups.
233  *
234  * => map need not be locked.
235  */
236 #define SAVE_HINT(map, check, value) do { \
237 	if ((map)->hint == (check)) \
238 		(map)->hint = (value); \
239 } while (/*CONSTCOND*/ 0)
240 
241 /*
242  * clear_hints: ensure that hints don't point to the entry.
243  *
244  * => map must be write-locked.
245  */
246 static void
247 clear_hints(struct vm_map *map, struct vm_map_entry *ent)
248 {
249 
250 	SAVE_HINT(map, ent, ent->prev);
251 	if (map->first_free == ent) {
252 		map->first_free = ent->prev;
253 	}
254 }
255 
256 /*
257  * VM_MAP_RANGE_CHECK: check and correct range
258  *
259  * => map must at least be read locked
260  */
261 
262 #define VM_MAP_RANGE_CHECK(map, start, end) do { \
263 	if (start < vm_map_min(map))		\
264 		start = vm_map_min(map);	\
265 	if (end > vm_map_max(map))		\
266 		end = vm_map_max(map);		\
267 	if (start > end)			\
268 		start = end;			\
269 } while (/*CONSTCOND*/ 0)
270 
271 /*
272  * local prototypes
273  */
274 
275 static struct vm_map_entry *
276 		uvm_mapent_alloc(struct vm_map *, int);
277 static struct vm_map_entry *
278 		uvm_mapent_alloc_split(struct vm_map *,
279 		    const struct vm_map_entry *, int,
280 		    struct uvm_mapent_reservation *);
281 static void	uvm_mapent_copy(struct vm_map_entry *, struct vm_map_entry *);
282 static void	uvm_mapent_free(struct vm_map_entry *);
283 #if defined(DEBUG)
284 static void	_uvm_mapent_check(const struct vm_map_entry *, const char *,
285 		    int);
286 #define	uvm_mapent_check(map)	_uvm_mapent_check(map, __FILE__, __LINE__)
287 #else /* defined(DEBUG) */
288 #define	uvm_mapent_check(e)	/* nothing */
289 #endif /* defined(DEBUG) */
290 static struct vm_map_entry *
291 		uvm_kmapent_alloc(struct vm_map *, int);
292 static void	uvm_kmapent_free(struct vm_map_entry *);
293 static vsize_t	uvm_kmapent_overhead(vsize_t);
294 
295 static void	uvm_map_entry_unwire(struct vm_map *, struct vm_map_entry *);
296 static void	uvm_map_reference_amap(struct vm_map_entry *, int);
297 static int	uvm_map_space_avail(vaddr_t *, vsize_t, voff_t, vsize_t, int,
298 		    struct vm_map_entry *);
299 static void	uvm_map_unreference_amap(struct vm_map_entry *, int);
300 
301 int _uvm_map_sanity(struct vm_map *);
302 int _uvm_tree_sanity(struct vm_map *);
303 static vsize_t uvm_rb_maxgap(const struct vm_map_entry *);
304 
305 CTASSERT(offsetof(struct vm_map_entry, rb_node) == 0);
306 #define	ROOT_ENTRY(map)		((struct vm_map_entry *)(map)->rb_tree.rbt_root)
307 #define	LEFT_ENTRY(entry)	((struct vm_map_entry *)(entry)->rb_node.rb_left)
308 #define	RIGHT_ENTRY(entry)	((struct vm_map_entry *)(entry)->rb_node.rb_right)
309 #define	PARENT_ENTRY(map, entry) \
310 	(ROOT_ENTRY(map) == (entry) \
311 	    ? NULL \
312 	    : (struct vm_map_entry *)RB_FATHER(&(entry)->rb_node))
313 
314 static int
315 uvm_map_compare_nodes(const struct rb_node *nparent,
316 	const struct rb_node *nkey)
317 {
318 	const struct vm_map_entry *eparent = (const void *) nparent;
319 	const struct vm_map_entry *ekey = (const void *) nkey;
320 
321 	KASSERT(eparent->start < ekey->start || eparent->start >= ekey->end);
322 	KASSERT(ekey->start < eparent->start || ekey->start >= eparent->end);
323 
324 	if (ekey->start < eparent->start)
325 		return -1;
326 	if (ekey->start >= eparent->end)
327 		return 1;
328 	return 0;
329 }
330 
331 static int
332 uvm_map_compare_key(const struct rb_node *nparent, const void *vkey)
333 {
334 	const struct vm_map_entry *eparent = (const void *) nparent;
335 	const vaddr_t va = *(const vaddr_t *) vkey;
336 
337 	if (va < eparent->start)
338 		return -1;
339 	if (va >= eparent->end)
340 		return 1;
341 	return 0;
342 }
343 
344 static const struct rb_tree_ops uvm_map_tree_ops = {
345 	.rbto_compare_nodes = uvm_map_compare_nodes,
346 	.rbto_compare_key = uvm_map_compare_key,
347 };
348 
349 static inline vsize_t
350 uvm_rb_gap(const struct vm_map_entry *entry)
351 {
352 	KASSERT(entry->next != NULL);
353 	return entry->next->start - entry->end;
354 }
355 
356 static vsize_t
357 uvm_rb_maxgap(const struct vm_map_entry *entry)
358 {
359 	struct vm_map_entry *child;
360 	vsize_t maxgap = entry->gap;
361 
362 	/*
363 	 * We need maxgap to be the largest gap of us or any of our
364 	 * descendents.  Since each of our children's maxgap is the
365 	 * cached value of their largest gap of themselves or their
366 	 * descendents, we can just use that value and avoid recursing
367 	 * down the tree to calculate it.
368 	 */
369 	if ((child = LEFT_ENTRY(entry)) != NULL && maxgap < child->maxgap)
370 		maxgap = child->maxgap;
371 
372 	if ((child = RIGHT_ENTRY(entry)) != NULL && maxgap < child->maxgap)
373 		maxgap = child->maxgap;
374 
375 	return maxgap;
376 }
377 
378 static void
379 uvm_rb_fixup(struct vm_map *map, struct vm_map_entry *entry)
380 {
381 	struct vm_map_entry *parent;
382 
383 	KASSERT(entry->gap == uvm_rb_gap(entry));
384 	entry->maxgap = uvm_rb_maxgap(entry);
385 
386 	while ((parent = PARENT_ENTRY(map, entry)) != NULL) {
387 		struct vm_map_entry *brother;
388 		vsize_t maxgap = parent->gap;
389 
390 		KDASSERT(parent->gap == uvm_rb_gap(parent));
391 		if (maxgap < entry->maxgap)
392 			maxgap = entry->maxgap;
393 		/*
394 		 * Since we work our towards the root, we know entry's maxgap
395 		 * value is ok but its brothers may now be out-of-date due
396 		 * rebalancing.  So refresh it.
397 		 */
398 		brother = (struct vm_map_entry *)parent->rb_node.rb_nodes[RB_POSITION(&entry->rb_node) ^ RB_DIR_OTHER];
399 		if (brother != NULL) {
400 			KDASSERT(brother->gap == uvm_rb_gap(brother));
401 			brother->maxgap = uvm_rb_maxgap(brother);
402 			if (maxgap < brother->maxgap)
403 				maxgap = brother->maxgap;
404 		}
405 
406 		parent->maxgap = maxgap;
407 		entry = parent;
408 	}
409 }
410 
411 static void
412 uvm_rb_insert(struct vm_map *map, struct vm_map_entry *entry)
413 {
414 	entry->gap = entry->maxgap = uvm_rb_gap(entry);
415 	if (entry->prev != &map->header)
416 		entry->prev->gap = uvm_rb_gap(entry->prev);
417 
418 	if (!rb_tree_insert_node(&map->rb_tree, &entry->rb_node))
419 		panic("uvm_rb_insert: map %p: duplicate entry?", map);
420 
421 	/*
422 	 * If the previous entry is not our immediate left child, then it's an
423 	 * ancestor and will be fixed up on the way to the root.  We don't
424 	 * have to check entry->prev against &map->header since &map->header
425 	 * will never be in the tree.
426 	 */
427 	uvm_rb_fixup(map,
428 	    LEFT_ENTRY(entry) == entry->prev ? entry->prev : entry);
429 }
430 
431 static void
432 uvm_rb_remove(struct vm_map *map, struct vm_map_entry *entry)
433 {
434 	struct vm_map_entry *prev_parent = NULL, *next_parent = NULL;
435 
436 	/*
437 	 * If we are removing an interior node, then an adjacent node will
438 	 * be used to replace its position in the tree.  Therefore we will
439 	 * need to fixup the tree starting at the parent of the replacement
440 	 * node.  So record their parents for later use.
441 	 */
442 	if (entry->prev != &map->header)
443 		prev_parent = PARENT_ENTRY(map, entry->prev);
444 	if (entry->next != &map->header)
445 		next_parent = PARENT_ENTRY(map, entry->next);
446 
447 	rb_tree_remove_node(&map->rb_tree, &entry->rb_node);
448 
449 	/*
450 	 * If the previous node has a new parent, fixup the tree starting
451 	 * at the previous node's old parent.
452 	 */
453 	if (entry->prev != &map->header) {
454 		/*
455 		 * Update the previous entry's gap due to our absence.
456 		 */
457 		entry->prev->gap = uvm_rb_gap(entry->prev);
458 		uvm_rb_fixup(map, entry->prev);
459 		if (prev_parent != NULL
460 		    && prev_parent != entry
461 		    && prev_parent != PARENT_ENTRY(map, entry->prev))
462 			uvm_rb_fixup(map, prev_parent);
463 	}
464 
465 	/*
466 	 * If the next node has a new parent, fixup the tree starting
467 	 * at the next node's old parent.
468 	 */
469 	if (entry->next != &map->header) {
470 		uvm_rb_fixup(map, entry->next);
471 		if (next_parent != NULL
472 		    && next_parent != entry
473 		    && next_parent != PARENT_ENTRY(map, entry->next))
474 			uvm_rb_fixup(map, next_parent);
475 	}
476 }
477 
478 #if defined(DEBUG)
479 int uvm_debug_check_map = 0;
480 int uvm_debug_check_rbtree = 0;
481 #define uvm_map_check(map, name) \
482 	_uvm_map_check((map), (name), __FILE__, __LINE__)
483 static void
484 _uvm_map_check(struct vm_map *map, const char *name,
485     const char *file, int line)
486 {
487 
488 	if ((uvm_debug_check_map && _uvm_map_sanity(map)) ||
489 	    (uvm_debug_check_rbtree && _uvm_tree_sanity(map))) {
490 		panic("uvm_map_check failed: \"%s\" map=%p (%s:%d)",
491 		    name, map, file, line);
492 	}
493 }
494 #else /* defined(DEBUG) */
495 #define uvm_map_check(map, name)	/* nothing */
496 #endif /* defined(DEBUG) */
497 
498 #if defined(DEBUG) || defined(DDB)
499 int
500 _uvm_map_sanity(struct vm_map *map)
501 {
502 	bool first_free_found = false;
503 	bool hint_found = false;
504 	const struct vm_map_entry *e;
505 	struct vm_map_entry *hint = map->hint;
506 
507 	e = &map->header;
508 	for (;;) {
509 		if (map->first_free == e) {
510 			first_free_found = true;
511 		} else if (!first_free_found && e->next->start > e->end) {
512 			printf("first_free %p should be %p\n",
513 			    map->first_free, e);
514 			return -1;
515 		}
516 		if (hint == e) {
517 			hint_found = true;
518 		}
519 
520 		e = e->next;
521 		if (e == &map->header) {
522 			break;
523 		}
524 	}
525 	if (!first_free_found) {
526 		printf("stale first_free\n");
527 		return -1;
528 	}
529 	if (!hint_found) {
530 		printf("stale hint\n");
531 		return -1;
532 	}
533 	return 0;
534 }
535 
536 int
537 _uvm_tree_sanity(struct vm_map *map)
538 {
539 	struct vm_map_entry *tmp, *trtmp;
540 	int n = 0, i = 1;
541 
542 	for (tmp = map->header.next; tmp != &map->header; tmp = tmp->next) {
543 		if (tmp->gap != uvm_rb_gap(tmp)) {
544 			printf("%d/%d gap %lx != %lx %s\n",
545 			    n + 1, map->nentries,
546 			    (ulong)tmp->gap, (ulong)uvm_rb_gap(tmp),
547 			    tmp->next == &map->header ? "(last)" : "");
548 			goto error;
549 		}
550 		/*
551 		 * If any entries are out of order, tmp->gap will be unsigned
552 		 * and will likely exceed the size of the map.
553 		 */
554 		if (tmp->gap >= vm_map_max(map) - vm_map_min(map)) {
555 			printf("too large gap %zu\n", (size_t)tmp->gap);
556 			goto error;
557 		}
558 		n++;
559 	}
560 
561 	if (n != map->nentries) {
562 		printf("nentries: %d vs %d\n", n, map->nentries);
563 		goto error;
564 	}
565 
566 	trtmp = NULL;
567 	for (tmp = map->header.next; tmp != &map->header; tmp = tmp->next) {
568 		if (tmp->maxgap != uvm_rb_maxgap(tmp)) {
569 			printf("maxgap %lx != %lx\n",
570 			    (ulong)tmp->maxgap,
571 			    (ulong)uvm_rb_maxgap(tmp));
572 			goto error;
573 		}
574 		if (trtmp != NULL && trtmp->start >= tmp->start) {
575 			printf("corrupt: 0x%lx >= 0x%lx\n",
576 			    trtmp->start, tmp->start);
577 			goto error;
578 		}
579 
580 		trtmp = tmp;
581 	}
582 
583 	for (tmp = map->header.next; tmp != &map->header;
584 	    tmp = tmp->next, i++) {
585 		trtmp = (void *) rb_tree_iterate(&map->rb_tree, &tmp->rb_node,
586 		    RB_DIR_LEFT);
587 		if (trtmp == NULL)
588 			trtmp = &map->header;
589 		if (tmp->prev != trtmp) {
590 			printf("lookup: %d: %p->prev=%p: %p\n",
591 			    i, tmp, tmp->prev, trtmp);
592 			goto error;
593 		}
594 		trtmp = (void *) rb_tree_iterate(&map->rb_tree, &tmp->rb_node,
595 		    RB_DIR_RIGHT);
596 		if (trtmp == NULL)
597 			trtmp = &map->header;
598 		if (tmp->next != trtmp) {
599 			printf("lookup: %d: %p->next=%p: %p\n",
600 			    i, tmp, tmp->next, trtmp);
601 			goto error;
602 		}
603 		trtmp = (void *)rb_tree_find_node(&map->rb_tree, &tmp->start);
604 		if (trtmp != tmp) {
605 			printf("lookup: %d: %p - %p: %p\n", i, tmp, trtmp,
606 			    PARENT_ENTRY(map, tmp));
607 			goto error;
608 		}
609 	}
610 
611 	return (0);
612  error:
613 	return (-1);
614 }
615 #endif /* defined(DEBUG) || defined(DDB) */
616 
617 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
618 static struct vm_map *uvm_kmapent_map(struct vm_map_entry *);
619 #endif
620 
621 /*
622  * vm_map_lock: acquire an exclusive (write) lock on a map.
623  *
624  * => Note that "intrsafe" maps use only exclusive, spin locks.
625  *
626  * => The locking protocol provides for guaranteed upgrade from shared ->
627  *    exclusive by whichever thread currently has the map marked busy.
628  *    See "LOCKING PROTOCOL NOTES" in uvm_map.h.  This is horrible; among
629  *    other problems, it defeats any fairness guarantees provided by RW
630  *    locks.
631  */
632 
633 void
634 vm_map_lock(struct vm_map *map)
635 {
636 
637 	if ((map->flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE) != 0) {
638 		mutex_spin_enter(&map->mutex);
639 		return;
640 	}
641 
642 	for (;;) {
643 		rw_enter(&map->lock, RW_WRITER);
644 		if (map->busy == NULL)
645 			break;
646 		if (map->busy == curlwp)
647 			break;
648 		mutex_enter(&map->misc_lock);
649 		rw_exit(&map->lock);
650 		if (map->busy != NULL)
651 			cv_wait(&map->cv, &map->misc_lock);
652 		mutex_exit(&map->misc_lock);
653 	}
654 
655 	map->timestamp++;
656 }
657 
658 /*
659  * vm_map_lock_try: try to lock a map, failing if it is already locked.
660  */
661 
662 bool
663 vm_map_lock_try(struct vm_map *map)
664 {
665 
666 	if ((map->flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE) != 0)
667 		return mutex_tryenter(&map->mutex);
668 	if (!rw_tryenter(&map->lock, RW_WRITER))
669 		return false;
670 	if (map->busy != NULL) {
671 		rw_exit(&map->lock);
672 		return false;
673 	}
674 
675 	map->timestamp++;
676 	return true;
677 }
678 
679 /*
680  * vm_map_unlock: release an exclusive lock on a map.
681  */
682 
683 void
684 vm_map_unlock(struct vm_map *map)
685 {
686 
687 	if ((map->flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE) != 0)
688 		mutex_spin_exit(&map->mutex);
689 	else {
690 		KASSERT(rw_write_held(&map->lock));
691 		KASSERT(map->busy == NULL || map->busy == curlwp);
692 		rw_exit(&map->lock);
693 	}
694 }
695 
696 /*
697  * vm_map_unbusy: mark the map as unbusy, and wake any waiters that
698  *     want an exclusive lock.
699  */
700 
701 void
702 vm_map_unbusy(struct vm_map *map)
703 {
704 
705 	KASSERT(map->busy == curlwp);
706 
707 	/*
708 	 * Safe to clear 'busy' and 'waiters' with only a read lock held:
709 	 *
710 	 * o they can only be set with a write lock held
711 	 * o writers are blocked out with a read or write hold
712 	 * o at any time, only one thread owns the set of values
713 	 */
714 	mutex_enter(&map->misc_lock);
715 	map->busy = NULL;
716 	cv_broadcast(&map->cv);
717 	mutex_exit(&map->misc_lock);
718 }
719 
720 /*
721  * vm_map_lock_read: acquire a shared (read) lock on a map.
722  */
723 
724 void
725 vm_map_lock_read(struct vm_map *map)
726 {
727 
728 	KASSERT((map->flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE) == 0);
729 
730 	rw_enter(&map->lock, RW_READER);
731 }
732 
733 /*
734  * vm_map_unlock_read: release a shared lock on a map.
735  */
736 
737 void
738 vm_map_unlock_read(struct vm_map *map)
739 {
740 
741 	KASSERT((map->flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE) == 0);
742 
743 	rw_exit(&map->lock);
744 }
745 
746 /*
747  * vm_map_busy: mark a map as busy.
748  *
749  * => the caller must hold the map write locked
750  */
751 
752 void
753 vm_map_busy(struct vm_map *map)
754 {
755 
756 	KASSERT(rw_write_held(&map->lock));
757 	KASSERT(map->busy == NULL);
758 
759 	map->busy = curlwp;
760 }
761 
762 /*
763  * vm_map_locked_p: return true if the map is write locked.
764  *
765  * => only for debug purposes like KASSERTs.
766  * => should not be used to verify that a map is not locked.
767  */
768 
769 bool
770 vm_map_locked_p(struct vm_map *map)
771 {
772 
773 	if ((map->flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE) != 0) {
774 		return mutex_owned(&map->mutex);
775 	} else {
776 		return rw_write_held(&map->lock);
777 	}
778 }
779 
780 /*
781  * uvm_mapent_alloc: allocate a map entry
782  */
783 
784 static struct vm_map_entry *
785 uvm_mapent_alloc(struct vm_map *map, int flags)
786 {
787 	struct vm_map_entry *me;
788 	int pflags = (flags & UVM_FLAG_NOWAIT) ? PR_NOWAIT : PR_WAITOK;
789 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_mapent_alloc"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
790 
791 	if (VM_MAP_USE_KMAPENT(map)) {
792 		me = uvm_kmapent_alloc(map, flags);
793 	} else {
794 		me = pool_cache_get(&uvm_map_entry_cache, pflags);
795 		if (__predict_false(me == NULL))
796 			return NULL;
797 		me->flags = 0;
798 	}
799 
800 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- new entry=0x%x [kentry=%d]", me,
801 	    ((map->flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE) != 0 || map == kernel_map), 0, 0);
802 	return (me);
803 }
804 
805 /*
806  * uvm_mapent_alloc_split: allocate a map entry for clipping.
807  *
808  * => map must be locked by caller if UVM_MAP_QUANTUM is set.
809  */
810 
811 static struct vm_map_entry *
812 uvm_mapent_alloc_split(struct vm_map *map,
813     const struct vm_map_entry *old_entry, int flags,
814     struct uvm_mapent_reservation *umr)
815 {
816 	struct vm_map_entry *me;
817 
818 	KASSERT(!VM_MAP_USE_KMAPENT(map) ||
819 	    (old_entry->flags & UVM_MAP_QUANTUM) || !UMR_EMPTY(umr));
820 
821 	if (old_entry->flags & UVM_MAP_QUANTUM) {
822 		struct vm_map_kernel *vmk = vm_map_to_kernel(map);
823 
824 		KASSERT(vm_map_locked_p(map));
825 		me = vmk->vmk_merged_entries;
826 		KASSERT(me);
827 		vmk->vmk_merged_entries = me->next;
828 		KASSERT(me->flags & UVM_MAP_QUANTUM);
829 	} else {
830 		me = uvm_mapent_alloc(map, flags);
831 	}
832 
833 	return me;
834 }
835 
836 /*
837  * uvm_mapent_free: free map entry
838  */
839 
840 static void
841 uvm_mapent_free(struct vm_map_entry *me)
842 {
843 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_mapent_free"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
844 
845 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- freeing map entry=0x%x [flags=%d]",
846 		me, me->flags, 0, 0);
847 	if (me->flags & UVM_MAP_KERNEL) {
848 		uvm_kmapent_free(me);
849 	} else {
850 		pool_cache_put(&uvm_map_entry_cache, me);
851 	}
852 }
853 
854 /*
855  * uvm_mapent_free_merged: free merged map entry
856  *
857  * => keep the entry if needed.
858  * => caller shouldn't hold map locked if VM_MAP_USE_KMAPENT(map) is true.
859  * => map should be locked if UVM_MAP_QUANTUM is set.
860  */
861 
862 static void
863 uvm_mapent_free_merged(struct vm_map *map, struct vm_map_entry *me)
864 {
865 
866 	KASSERT(!(me->flags & UVM_MAP_KERNEL) || uvm_kmapent_map(me) == map);
867 
868 	if (me->flags & UVM_MAP_QUANTUM) {
869 		/*
870 		 * keep this entry for later splitting.
871 		 */
872 		struct vm_map_kernel *vmk;
873 
874 		KASSERT(vm_map_locked_p(map));
875 		KASSERT(VM_MAP_IS_KERNEL(map));
876 		KASSERT(!VM_MAP_USE_KMAPENT(map) ||
877 		    (me->flags & UVM_MAP_KERNEL));
878 
879 		vmk = vm_map_to_kernel(map);
880 		me->next = vmk->vmk_merged_entries;
881 		vmk->vmk_merged_entries = me;
882 	} else {
883 		uvm_mapent_free(me);
884 	}
885 }
886 
887 /*
888  * uvm_mapent_copy: copy a map entry, preserving flags
889  */
890 
891 static inline void
892 uvm_mapent_copy(struct vm_map_entry *src, struct vm_map_entry *dst)
893 {
894 
895 	memcpy(dst, src, ((char *)&src->uvm_map_entry_stop_copy) -
896 	    ((char *)src));
897 }
898 
899 /*
900  * uvm_mapent_overhead: calculate maximum kva overhead necessary for
901  * map entries.
902  *
903  * => size and flags are the same as uvm_km_suballoc's ones.
904  */
905 
906 vsize_t
907 uvm_mapent_overhead(vsize_t size, int flags)
908 {
909 
910 	if (VM_MAP_USE_KMAPENT_FLAGS(flags)) {
911 		return uvm_kmapent_overhead(size);
912 	}
913 	return 0;
914 }
915 
916 #if defined(DEBUG)
917 static void
918 _uvm_mapent_check(const struct vm_map_entry *entry, const char *file, int line)
919 {
920 
921 	if (entry->start >= entry->end) {
922 		goto bad;
923 	}
924 	if (UVM_ET_ISOBJ(entry)) {
925 		if (entry->object.uvm_obj == NULL) {
926 			goto bad;
927 		}
928 	} else if (UVM_ET_ISSUBMAP(entry)) {
929 		if (entry->object.sub_map == NULL) {
930 			goto bad;
931 		}
932 	} else {
933 		if (entry->object.uvm_obj != NULL ||
934 		    entry->object.sub_map != NULL) {
935 			goto bad;
936 		}
937 	}
938 	if (!UVM_ET_ISOBJ(entry)) {
939 		if (entry->offset != 0) {
940 			goto bad;
941 		}
942 	}
943 
944 	return;
945 
946 bad:
947 	panic("%s: bad entry %p (%s:%d)", __func__, entry, file, line);
948 }
949 #endif /* defined(DEBUG) */
950 
951 /*
952  * uvm_map_entry_unwire: unwire a map entry
953  *
954  * => map should be locked by caller
955  */
956 
957 static inline void
958 uvm_map_entry_unwire(struct vm_map *map, struct vm_map_entry *entry)
959 {
960 
961 	entry->wired_count = 0;
962 	uvm_fault_unwire_locked(map, entry->start, entry->end);
963 }
964 
965 
966 /*
967  * wrapper for calling amap_ref()
968  */
969 static inline void
970 uvm_map_reference_amap(struct vm_map_entry *entry, int flags)
971 {
972 
973 	amap_ref(entry->aref.ar_amap, entry->aref.ar_pageoff,
974 	    (entry->end - entry->start) >> PAGE_SHIFT, flags);
975 }
976 
977 
978 /*
979  * wrapper for calling amap_unref()
980  */
981 static inline void
982 uvm_map_unreference_amap(struct vm_map_entry *entry, int flags)
983 {
984 
985 	amap_unref(entry->aref.ar_amap, entry->aref.ar_pageoff,
986 	    (entry->end - entry->start) >> PAGE_SHIFT, flags);
987 }
988 
989 
990 /*
991  * uvm_map_init: init mapping system at boot time.
992  */
993 
994 void
995 uvm_map_init(void)
996 {
997 #if defined(UVMHIST)
998 	static struct uvm_history_ent maphistbuf[100];
999 	static struct uvm_history_ent pdhistbuf[100];
1000 #endif
1001 
1002 	/*
1003 	 * first, init logging system.
1004 	 */
1005 
1006 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_map_init");
1007 	UVMHIST_INIT_STATIC(maphist, maphistbuf);
1008 	UVMHIST_INIT_STATIC(pdhist, pdhistbuf);
1009 	UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
1010 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<starting uvm map system>", 0, 0, 0, 0);
1011 
1012 	/*
1013 	 * initialize the global lock for kernel map entry.
1014 	 */
1015 
1016 	mutex_init(&uvm_kentry_lock, MUTEX_DRIVER, IPL_VM);
1017 
1018 	/*
1019 	 * initialize caches.
1020 	 */
1021 
1022 	pool_cache_bootstrap(&uvm_map_entry_cache, sizeof(struct vm_map_entry),
1023 	    0, 0, 0, "vmmpepl", NULL, IPL_NONE, NULL, NULL, NULL);
1024 	pool_cache_bootstrap(&uvm_vmspace_cache, sizeof(struct vmspace),
1025 	    0, 0, 0, "vmsppl", NULL, IPL_NONE, NULL, NULL, NULL);
1026 }
1027 
1028 /*
1029  * clippers
1030  */
1031 
1032 /*
1033  * uvm_mapent_splitadj: adjust map entries for splitting, after uvm_mapent_copy.
1034  */
1035 
1036 static void
1037 uvm_mapent_splitadj(struct vm_map_entry *entry1, struct vm_map_entry *entry2,
1038     vaddr_t splitat)
1039 {
1040 	vaddr_t adj;
1041 
1042 	KASSERT(entry1->start < splitat);
1043 	KASSERT(splitat < entry1->end);
1044 
1045 	adj = splitat - entry1->start;
1046 	entry1->end = entry2->start = splitat;
1047 
1048 	if (entry1->aref.ar_amap) {
1049 		amap_splitref(&entry1->aref, &entry2->aref, adj);
1050 	}
1051 	if (UVM_ET_ISSUBMAP(entry1)) {
1052 		/* ... unlikely to happen, but play it safe */
1053 		 uvm_map_reference(entry1->object.sub_map);
1054 	} else if (UVM_ET_ISOBJ(entry1)) {
1055 		KASSERT(entry1->object.uvm_obj != NULL); /* suppress coverity */
1056 		entry2->offset += adj;
1057 		if (entry1->object.uvm_obj->pgops &&
1058 		    entry1->object.uvm_obj->pgops->pgo_reference)
1059 			entry1->object.uvm_obj->pgops->pgo_reference(
1060 			    entry1->object.uvm_obj);
1061 	}
1062 }
1063 
1064 /*
1065  * uvm_map_clip_start: ensure that the entry begins at or after
1066  *	the starting address, if it doesn't we split the entry.
1067  *
1068  * => caller should use UVM_MAP_CLIP_START macro rather than calling
1069  *    this directly
1070  * => map must be locked by caller
1071  */
1072 
1073 void
1074 uvm_map_clip_start(struct vm_map *map, struct vm_map_entry *entry,
1075     vaddr_t start, struct uvm_mapent_reservation *umr)
1076 {
1077 	struct vm_map_entry *new_entry;
1078 
1079 	/* uvm_map_simplify_entry(map, entry); */ /* XXX */
1080 
1081 	uvm_map_check(map, "clip_start entry");
1082 	uvm_mapent_check(entry);
1083 
1084 	/*
1085 	 * Split off the front portion.  note that we must insert the new
1086 	 * entry BEFORE this one, so that this entry has the specified
1087 	 * starting address.
1088 	 */
1089 	new_entry = uvm_mapent_alloc_split(map, entry, 0, umr);
1090 	uvm_mapent_copy(entry, new_entry); /* entry -> new_entry */
1091 	uvm_mapent_splitadj(new_entry, entry, start);
1092 	uvm_map_entry_link(map, entry->prev, new_entry);
1093 
1094 	uvm_map_check(map, "clip_start leave");
1095 }
1096 
1097 /*
1098  * uvm_map_clip_end: ensure that the entry ends at or before
1099  *	the ending address, if it does't we split the reference
1100  *
1101  * => caller should use UVM_MAP_CLIP_END macro rather than calling
1102  *    this directly
1103  * => map must be locked by caller
1104  */
1105 
1106 void
1107 uvm_map_clip_end(struct vm_map *map, struct vm_map_entry *entry, vaddr_t end,
1108     struct uvm_mapent_reservation *umr)
1109 {
1110 	struct vm_map_entry *new_entry;
1111 
1112 	uvm_map_check(map, "clip_end entry");
1113 	uvm_mapent_check(entry);
1114 
1115 	/*
1116 	 *	Create a new entry and insert it
1117 	 *	AFTER the specified entry
1118 	 */
1119 	new_entry = uvm_mapent_alloc_split(map, entry, 0, umr);
1120 	uvm_mapent_copy(entry, new_entry); /* entry -> new_entry */
1121 	uvm_mapent_splitadj(entry, new_entry, end);
1122 	uvm_map_entry_link(map, entry, new_entry);
1123 
1124 	uvm_map_check(map, "clip_end leave");
1125 }
1126 
1127 static void
1128 vm_map_drain(struct vm_map *map, uvm_flag_t flags)
1129 {
1130 
1131 	if (!VM_MAP_IS_KERNEL(map)) {
1132 		return;
1133 	}
1134 
1135 	uvm_km_va_drain(map, flags);
1136 }
1137 
1138 /*
1139  *   M A P   -   m a i n   e n t r y   p o i n t
1140  */
1141 /*
1142  * uvm_map: establish a valid mapping in a map
1143  *
1144  * => assume startp is page aligned.
1145  * => assume size is a multiple of PAGE_SIZE.
1146  * => assume sys_mmap provides enough of a "hint" to have us skip
1147  *	over text/data/bss area.
1148  * => map must be unlocked (we will lock it)
1149  * => <uobj,uoffset> value meanings (4 cases):
1150  *	 [1] <NULL,uoffset>		== uoffset is a hint for PMAP_PREFER
1151  *	 [2] <NULL,UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET>	== don't PMAP_PREFER
1152  *	 [3] <uobj,uoffset>		== normal mapping
1153  *	 [4] <uobj,UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET>	== uvm_map finds offset based on VA
1154  *
1155  *    case [4] is for kernel mappings where we don't know the offset until
1156  *    we've found a virtual address.   note that kernel object offsets are
1157  *    always relative to vm_map_min(kernel_map).
1158  *
1159  * => if `align' is non-zero, we align the virtual address to the specified
1160  *	alignment.
1161  *	this is provided as a mechanism for large pages.
1162  *
1163  * => XXXCDC: need way to map in external amap?
1164  */
1165 
1166 int
1167 uvm_map(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t *startp /* IN/OUT */, vsize_t size,
1168     struct uvm_object *uobj, voff_t uoffset, vsize_t align, uvm_flag_t flags)
1169 {
1170 	struct uvm_map_args args;
1171 	struct vm_map_entry *new_entry;
1172 	int error;
1173 
1174 	KASSERT((flags & UVM_FLAG_QUANTUM) == 0 || VM_MAP_IS_KERNEL(map));
1175 	KASSERT((size & PAGE_MASK) == 0);
1176 
1177 	/*
1178 	 * for pager_map, allocate the new entry first to avoid sleeping
1179 	 * for memory while we have the map locked.
1180 	 *
1181 	 * Also, because we allocate entries for in-kernel maps
1182 	 * a bit differently (cf. uvm_kmapent_alloc/free), we need to
1183 	 * allocate them before locking the map.
1184 	 */
1185 
1186 	new_entry = NULL;
1187 	if (VM_MAP_USE_KMAPENT(map) || (flags & UVM_FLAG_QUANTUM) ||
1188 	    map == pager_map) {
1189 		new_entry = uvm_mapent_alloc(map, (flags & UVM_FLAG_NOWAIT));
1190 		if (__predict_false(new_entry == NULL))
1191 			return ENOMEM;
1192 		if (flags & UVM_FLAG_QUANTUM)
1193 			new_entry->flags |= UVM_MAP_QUANTUM;
1194 	}
1195 	if (map == pager_map)
1196 		flags |= UVM_FLAG_NOMERGE;
1197 
1198 	error = uvm_map_prepare(map, *startp, size, uobj, uoffset, align,
1199 	    flags, &args);
1200 	if (!error) {
1201 		error = uvm_map_enter(map, &args, new_entry);
1202 		*startp = args.uma_start;
1203 	} else if (new_entry) {
1204 		uvm_mapent_free(new_entry);
1205 	}
1206 
1207 #if defined(DEBUG)
1208 	if (!error && VM_MAP_IS_KERNEL(map)) {
1209 		uvm_km_check_empty(map, *startp, *startp + size);
1210 	}
1211 #endif /* defined(DEBUG) */
1212 
1213 	return error;
1214 }
1215 
1216 int
1217 uvm_map_prepare(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vsize_t size,
1218     struct uvm_object *uobj, voff_t uoffset, vsize_t align, uvm_flag_t flags,
1219     struct uvm_map_args *args)
1220 {
1221 	struct vm_map_entry *prev_entry;
1222 	vm_prot_t prot = UVM_PROTECTION(flags);
1223 	vm_prot_t maxprot = UVM_MAXPROTECTION(flags);
1224 
1225 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_map_prepare");
1226 	UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
1227 
1228 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "(map=0x%x, start=0x%x, size=%d, flags=0x%x)",
1229 	    map, start, size, flags);
1230 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  uobj/offset 0x%x/%d", uobj, uoffset,0,0);
1231 
1232 	/*
1233 	 * detect a popular device driver bug.
1234 	 */
1235 
1236 	KASSERT(doing_shutdown || curlwp != NULL ||
1237 	    (map->flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE));
1238 
1239 	/*
1240 	 * zero-sized mapping doesn't make any sense.
1241 	 */
1242 	KASSERT(size > 0);
1243 
1244 	KASSERT((~flags & (UVM_FLAG_NOWAIT | UVM_FLAG_WAITVA)) != 0);
1245 
1246 	uvm_map_check(map, "map entry");
1247 
1248 	/*
1249 	 * check sanity of protection code
1250 	 */
1251 
1252 	if ((prot & maxprot) != prot) {
1253 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- prot. failure:  prot=0x%x, max=0x%x",
1254 		prot, maxprot,0,0);
1255 		return EACCES;
1256 	}
1257 
1258 	/*
1259 	 * figure out where to put new VM range
1260 	 */
1261 
1262 retry:
1263 	if (vm_map_lock_try(map) == false) {
1264 		if ((flags & UVM_FLAG_TRYLOCK) != 0 &&
1265 		    (map->flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE) == 0) {
1266 			return EAGAIN;
1267 		}
1268 		vm_map_lock(map); /* could sleep here */
1269 	}
1270 	prev_entry = uvm_map_findspace(map, start, size, &start,
1271 	    uobj, uoffset, align, flags);
1272 	if (prev_entry == NULL) {
1273 		unsigned int timestamp;
1274 
1275 		timestamp = map->timestamp;
1276 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"waiting va timestamp=0x%x",
1277 			    timestamp,0,0,0);
1278 		map->flags |= VM_MAP_WANTVA;
1279 		vm_map_unlock(map);
1280 
1281 		/*
1282 		 * try to reclaim kva and wait until someone does unmap.
1283 		 * fragile locking here, so we awaken every second to
1284 		 * recheck the condition.
1285 		 */
1286 
1287 		vm_map_drain(map, flags);
1288 
1289 		mutex_enter(&map->misc_lock);
1290 		while ((map->flags & VM_MAP_WANTVA) != 0 &&
1291 		   map->timestamp == timestamp) {
1292 			if ((flags & UVM_FLAG_WAITVA) == 0) {
1293 				mutex_exit(&map->misc_lock);
1294 				UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,
1295 				    "<- uvm_map_findspace failed!", 0,0,0,0);
1296 				return ENOMEM;
1297 			} else {
1298 				cv_timedwait(&map->cv, &map->misc_lock, hz);
1299 			}
1300 		}
1301 		mutex_exit(&map->misc_lock);
1302 		goto retry;
1303 	}
1304 
1305 #ifdef PMAP_GROWKERNEL
1306 	/*
1307 	 * If the kernel pmap can't map the requested space,
1308 	 * then allocate more resources for it.
1309 	 */
1310 	if (map == kernel_map && uvm_maxkaddr < (start + size))
1311 		uvm_maxkaddr = pmap_growkernel(start + size);
1312 #endif
1313 
1314 	UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(map_call);
1315 
1316 	/*
1317 	 * if uobj is null, then uoffset is either a VAC hint for PMAP_PREFER
1318 	 * [typically from uvm_map_reserve] or it is UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET.   in
1319 	 * either case we want to zero it  before storing it in the map entry
1320 	 * (because it looks strange and confusing when debugging...)
1321 	 *
1322 	 * if uobj is not null
1323 	 *   if uoffset is not UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET then we have a normal mapping
1324 	 *      and we do not need to change uoffset.
1325 	 *   if uoffset is UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET then we need to find the offset
1326 	 *      now (based on the starting address of the map).   this case is
1327 	 *      for kernel object mappings where we don't know the offset until
1328 	 *      the virtual address is found (with uvm_map_findspace).   the
1329 	 *      offset is the distance we are from the start of the map.
1330 	 */
1331 
1332 	if (uobj == NULL) {
1333 		uoffset = 0;
1334 	} else {
1335 		if (uoffset == UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET) {
1336 			KASSERT(UVM_OBJ_IS_KERN_OBJECT(uobj));
1337 			uoffset = start - vm_map_min(kernel_map);
1338 		}
1339 	}
1340 
1341 	args->uma_flags = flags;
1342 	args->uma_prev = prev_entry;
1343 	args->uma_start = start;
1344 	args->uma_size = size;
1345 	args->uma_uobj = uobj;
1346 	args->uma_uoffset = uoffset;
1347 
1348 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- done!", 0,0,0,0);
1349 	return 0;
1350 }
1351 
1352 int
1353 uvm_map_enter(struct vm_map *map, const struct uvm_map_args *args,
1354     struct vm_map_entry *new_entry)
1355 {
1356 	struct vm_map_entry *prev_entry = args->uma_prev;
1357 	struct vm_map_entry *dead = NULL;
1358 
1359 	const uvm_flag_t flags = args->uma_flags;
1360 	const vm_prot_t prot = UVM_PROTECTION(flags);
1361 	const vm_prot_t maxprot = UVM_MAXPROTECTION(flags);
1362 	const vm_inherit_t inherit = UVM_INHERIT(flags);
1363 	const int amapwaitflag = (flags & UVM_FLAG_NOWAIT) ?
1364 	    AMAP_EXTEND_NOWAIT : 0;
1365 	const int advice = UVM_ADVICE(flags);
1366 	const int meflagval = (flags & UVM_FLAG_QUANTUM) ?
1367 	    UVM_MAP_QUANTUM : 0;
1368 
1369 	vaddr_t start = args->uma_start;
1370 	vsize_t size = args->uma_size;
1371 	struct uvm_object *uobj = args->uma_uobj;
1372 	voff_t uoffset = args->uma_uoffset;
1373 
1374 	const int kmap = (vm_map_pmap(map) == pmap_kernel());
1375 	int merged = 0;
1376 	int error;
1377 	int newetype;
1378 
1379 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_map_enter");
1380 	UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
1381 
1382 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "(map=0x%x, start=0x%x, size=%d, flags=0x%x)",
1383 	    map, start, size, flags);
1384 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  uobj/offset 0x%x/%d", uobj, uoffset,0,0);
1385 
1386 	KASSERT(map->hint == prev_entry); /* bimerge case assumes this */
1387 
1388 	if (flags & UVM_FLAG_QUANTUM) {
1389 		KASSERT(new_entry);
1390 		KASSERT(new_entry->flags & UVM_MAP_QUANTUM);
1391 	}
1392 
1393 	if (uobj)
1394 		newetype = UVM_ET_OBJ;
1395 	else
1396 		newetype = 0;
1397 
1398 	if (flags & UVM_FLAG_COPYONW) {
1399 		newetype |= UVM_ET_COPYONWRITE;
1400 		if ((flags & UVM_FLAG_OVERLAY) == 0)
1401 			newetype |= UVM_ET_NEEDSCOPY;
1402 	}
1403 
1404 	/*
1405 	 * try and insert in map by extending previous entry, if possible.
1406 	 * XXX: we don't try and pull back the next entry.   might be useful
1407 	 * for a stack, but we are currently allocating our stack in advance.
1408 	 */
1409 
1410 	if (flags & UVM_FLAG_NOMERGE)
1411 		goto nomerge;
1412 
1413 	if (prev_entry->end == start &&
1414 	    prev_entry != &map->header &&
1415 	    UVM_ET_ISCOMPATIBLE(prev_entry, newetype, uobj, meflagval,
1416 	    prot, maxprot, inherit, advice, 0)) {
1417 
1418 		if (uobj && prev_entry->offset +
1419 		    (prev_entry->end - prev_entry->start) != uoffset)
1420 			goto forwardmerge;
1421 
1422 		/*
1423 		 * can't extend a shared amap.  note: no need to lock amap to
1424 		 * look at refs since we don't care about its exact value.
1425 		 * if it is one (i.e. we have only reference) it will stay there
1426 		 */
1427 
1428 		if (prev_entry->aref.ar_amap &&
1429 		    amap_refs(prev_entry->aref.ar_amap) != 1) {
1430 			goto forwardmerge;
1431 		}
1432 
1433 		if (prev_entry->aref.ar_amap) {
1434 			error = amap_extend(prev_entry, size,
1435 			    amapwaitflag | AMAP_EXTEND_FORWARDS);
1436 			if (error)
1437 				goto nomerge;
1438 		}
1439 
1440 		if (kmap) {
1441 			UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(kbackmerge);
1442 		} else {
1443 			UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(ubackmerge);
1444 		}
1445 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"  starting back merge", 0, 0, 0, 0);
1446 
1447 		/*
1448 		 * drop our reference to uobj since we are extending a reference
1449 		 * that we already have (the ref count can not drop to zero).
1450 		 */
1451 
1452 		if (uobj && uobj->pgops->pgo_detach)
1453 			uobj->pgops->pgo_detach(uobj);
1454 
1455 		/*
1456 		 * Now that we've merged the entries, note that we've grown
1457 		 * and our gap has shrunk.  Then fix the tree.
1458 		 */
1459 		prev_entry->end += size;
1460 		prev_entry->gap -= size;
1461 		uvm_rb_fixup(map, prev_entry);
1462 
1463 		uvm_map_check(map, "map backmerged");
1464 
1465 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (via backmerge)!", 0, 0, 0, 0);
1466 		merged++;
1467 	}
1468 
1469 forwardmerge:
1470 	if (prev_entry->next->start == (start + size) &&
1471 	    prev_entry->next != &map->header &&
1472 	    UVM_ET_ISCOMPATIBLE(prev_entry->next, newetype, uobj, meflagval,
1473 	    prot, maxprot, inherit, advice, 0)) {
1474 
1475 		if (uobj && prev_entry->next->offset != uoffset + size)
1476 			goto nomerge;
1477 
1478 		/*
1479 		 * can't extend a shared amap.  note: no need to lock amap to
1480 		 * look at refs since we don't care about its exact value.
1481 		 * if it is one (i.e. we have only reference) it will stay there.
1482 		 *
1483 		 * note that we also can't merge two amaps, so if we
1484 		 * merged with the previous entry which has an amap,
1485 		 * and the next entry also has an amap, we give up.
1486 		 *
1487 		 * Interesting cases:
1488 		 * amap, new, amap -> give up second merge (single fwd extend)
1489 		 * amap, new, none -> double forward extend (extend again here)
1490 		 * none, new, amap -> double backward extend (done here)
1491 		 * uobj, new, amap -> single backward extend (done here)
1492 		 *
1493 		 * XXX should we attempt to deal with someone refilling
1494 		 * the deallocated region between two entries that are
1495 		 * backed by the same amap (ie, arefs is 2, "prev" and
1496 		 * "next" refer to it, and adding this allocation will
1497 		 * close the hole, thus restoring arefs to 1 and
1498 		 * deallocating the "next" vm_map_entry)?  -- @@@
1499 		 */
1500 
1501 		if (prev_entry->next->aref.ar_amap &&
1502 		    (amap_refs(prev_entry->next->aref.ar_amap) != 1 ||
1503 		     (merged && prev_entry->aref.ar_amap))) {
1504 			goto nomerge;
1505 		}
1506 
1507 		if (merged) {
1508 			/*
1509 			 * Try to extend the amap of the previous entry to
1510 			 * cover the next entry as well.  If it doesn't work
1511 			 * just skip on, don't actually give up, since we've
1512 			 * already completed the back merge.
1513 			 */
1514 			if (prev_entry->aref.ar_amap) {
1515 				if (amap_extend(prev_entry,
1516 				    prev_entry->next->end -
1517 				    prev_entry->next->start,
1518 				    amapwaitflag | AMAP_EXTEND_FORWARDS))
1519 					goto nomerge;
1520 			}
1521 
1522 			/*
1523 			 * Try to extend the amap of the *next* entry
1524 			 * back to cover the new allocation *and* the
1525 			 * previous entry as well (the previous merge
1526 			 * didn't have an amap already otherwise we
1527 			 * wouldn't be checking here for an amap).  If
1528 			 * it doesn't work just skip on, again, don't
1529 			 * actually give up, since we've already
1530 			 * completed the back merge.
1531 			 */
1532 			else if (prev_entry->next->aref.ar_amap) {
1533 				if (amap_extend(prev_entry->next,
1534 				    prev_entry->end -
1535 				    prev_entry->start,
1536 				    amapwaitflag | AMAP_EXTEND_BACKWARDS))
1537 					goto nomerge;
1538 			}
1539 		} else {
1540 			/*
1541 			 * Pull the next entry's amap backwards to cover this
1542 			 * new allocation.
1543 			 */
1544 			if (prev_entry->next->aref.ar_amap) {
1545 				error = amap_extend(prev_entry->next, size,
1546 				    amapwaitflag | AMAP_EXTEND_BACKWARDS);
1547 				if (error)
1548 					goto nomerge;
1549 			}
1550 		}
1551 
1552 		if (merged) {
1553 			if (kmap) {
1554 				UVMMAP_EVCNT_DECR(kbackmerge);
1555 				UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(kbimerge);
1556 			} else {
1557 				UVMMAP_EVCNT_DECR(ubackmerge);
1558 				UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(ubimerge);
1559 			}
1560 		} else {
1561 			if (kmap) {
1562 				UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(kforwmerge);
1563 			} else {
1564 				UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(uforwmerge);
1565 			}
1566 		}
1567 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"  starting forward merge", 0, 0, 0, 0);
1568 
1569 		/*
1570 		 * drop our reference to uobj since we are extending a reference
1571 		 * that we already have (the ref count can not drop to zero).
1572 		 * (if merged, we've already detached)
1573 		 */
1574 		if (uobj && uobj->pgops->pgo_detach && !merged)
1575 			uobj->pgops->pgo_detach(uobj);
1576 
1577 		if (merged) {
1578 			dead = prev_entry->next;
1579 			prev_entry->end = dead->end;
1580 			uvm_map_entry_unlink(map, dead);
1581 			if (dead->aref.ar_amap != NULL) {
1582 				prev_entry->aref = dead->aref;
1583 				dead->aref.ar_amap = NULL;
1584 			}
1585 		} else {
1586 			prev_entry->next->start -= size;
1587 			if (prev_entry != &map->header) {
1588 				prev_entry->gap -= size;
1589 				KASSERT(prev_entry->gap == uvm_rb_gap(prev_entry));
1590 				uvm_rb_fixup(map, prev_entry);
1591 			}
1592 			if (uobj)
1593 				prev_entry->next->offset = uoffset;
1594 		}
1595 
1596 		uvm_map_check(map, "map forwardmerged");
1597 
1598 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done forwardmerge", 0, 0, 0, 0);
1599 		merged++;
1600 	}
1601 
1602 nomerge:
1603 	if (!merged) {
1604 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"  allocating new map entry", 0, 0, 0, 0);
1605 		if (kmap) {
1606 			UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(knomerge);
1607 		} else {
1608 			UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(unomerge);
1609 		}
1610 
1611 		/*
1612 		 * allocate new entry and link it in.
1613 		 */
1614 
1615 		if (new_entry == NULL) {
1616 			new_entry = uvm_mapent_alloc(map,
1617 				(flags & UVM_FLAG_NOWAIT));
1618 			if (__predict_false(new_entry == NULL)) {
1619 				error = ENOMEM;
1620 				goto done;
1621 			}
1622 		}
1623 		new_entry->start = start;
1624 		new_entry->end = new_entry->start + size;
1625 		new_entry->object.uvm_obj = uobj;
1626 		new_entry->offset = uoffset;
1627 
1628 		new_entry->etype = newetype;
1629 
1630 		if (flags & UVM_FLAG_NOMERGE) {
1631 			new_entry->flags |= UVM_MAP_NOMERGE;
1632 		}
1633 
1634 		new_entry->protection = prot;
1635 		new_entry->max_protection = maxprot;
1636 		new_entry->inheritance = inherit;
1637 		new_entry->wired_count = 0;
1638 		new_entry->advice = advice;
1639 		if (flags & UVM_FLAG_OVERLAY) {
1640 
1641 			/*
1642 			 * to_add: for BSS we overallocate a little since we
1643 			 * are likely to extend
1644 			 */
1645 
1646 			vaddr_t to_add = (flags & UVM_FLAG_AMAPPAD) ?
1647 				UVM_AMAP_CHUNK << PAGE_SHIFT : 0;
1648 			struct vm_amap *amap = amap_alloc(size, to_add,
1649 			    (flags & UVM_FLAG_NOWAIT));
1650 			if (__predict_false(amap == NULL)) {
1651 				error = ENOMEM;
1652 				goto done;
1653 			}
1654 			new_entry->aref.ar_pageoff = 0;
1655 			new_entry->aref.ar_amap = amap;
1656 		} else {
1657 			new_entry->aref.ar_pageoff = 0;
1658 			new_entry->aref.ar_amap = NULL;
1659 		}
1660 		uvm_map_entry_link(map, prev_entry, new_entry);
1661 
1662 		/*
1663 		 * Update the free space hint
1664 		 */
1665 
1666 		if ((map->first_free == prev_entry) &&
1667 		    (prev_entry->end >= new_entry->start))
1668 			map->first_free = new_entry;
1669 
1670 		new_entry = NULL;
1671 	}
1672 
1673 	map->size += size;
1674 
1675 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done!", 0, 0, 0, 0);
1676 
1677 	error = 0;
1678 done:
1679 	if ((flags & UVM_FLAG_QUANTUM) == 0) {
1680 		/*
1681 		 * vmk_merged_entries is locked by the map's lock.
1682 		 */
1683 		vm_map_unlock(map);
1684 	}
1685 	if (new_entry && error == 0) {
1686 		KDASSERT(merged);
1687 		uvm_mapent_free_merged(map, new_entry);
1688 		new_entry = NULL;
1689 	}
1690 	if (dead) {
1691 		KDASSERT(merged);
1692 		uvm_mapent_free_merged(map, dead);
1693 	}
1694 	if ((flags & UVM_FLAG_QUANTUM) != 0) {
1695 		vm_map_unlock(map);
1696 	}
1697 	if (new_entry != NULL) {
1698 		uvm_mapent_free(new_entry);
1699 	}
1700 	return error;
1701 }
1702 
1703 /*
1704  * uvm_map_lookup_entry_bytree: lookup an entry in tree
1705  */
1706 
1707 static inline bool
1708 uvm_map_lookup_entry_bytree(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t address,
1709     struct vm_map_entry **entry	/* OUT */)
1710 {
1711 	struct vm_map_entry *prev = &map->header;
1712 	struct vm_map_entry *cur = ROOT_ENTRY(map);
1713 
1714 	while (cur) {
1715 		UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(mlk_treeloop);
1716 		if (address >= cur->start) {
1717 			if (address < cur->end) {
1718 				*entry = cur;
1719 				return true;
1720 			}
1721 			prev = cur;
1722 			cur = RIGHT_ENTRY(cur);
1723 		} else
1724 			cur = LEFT_ENTRY(cur);
1725 	}
1726 	*entry = prev;
1727 	return false;
1728 }
1729 
1730 /*
1731  * uvm_map_lookup_entry: find map entry at or before an address
1732  *
1733  * => map must at least be read-locked by caller
1734  * => entry is returned in "entry"
1735  * => return value is true if address is in the returned entry
1736  */
1737 
1738 bool
1739 uvm_map_lookup_entry(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t address,
1740     struct vm_map_entry **entry	/* OUT */)
1741 {
1742 	struct vm_map_entry *cur;
1743 	bool use_tree = false;
1744 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_map_lookup_entry");
1745 	UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
1746 
1747 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"(map=0x%x,addr=0x%x,ent=0x%x)",
1748 	    map, address, entry, 0);
1749 
1750 	/*
1751 	 * start looking either from the head of the
1752 	 * list, or from the hint.
1753 	 */
1754 
1755 	cur = map->hint;
1756 
1757 	if (cur == &map->header)
1758 		cur = cur->next;
1759 
1760 	UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(mlk_call);
1761 	if (address >= cur->start) {
1762 
1763 		/*
1764 		 * go from hint to end of list.
1765 		 *
1766 		 * but first, make a quick check to see if
1767 		 * we are already looking at the entry we
1768 		 * want (which is usually the case).
1769 		 * note also that we don't need to save the hint
1770 		 * here... it is the same hint (unless we are
1771 		 * at the header, in which case the hint didn't
1772 		 * buy us anything anyway).
1773 		 */
1774 
1775 		if (cur != &map->header && cur->end > address) {
1776 			UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(mlk_hint);
1777 			*entry = cur;
1778 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- got it via hint (0x%x)",
1779 			    cur, 0, 0, 0);
1780 			uvm_mapent_check(*entry);
1781 			return (true);
1782 		}
1783 
1784 		if (map->nentries > 15)
1785 			use_tree = true;
1786 	} else {
1787 
1788 		/*
1789 		 * invalid hint.  use tree.
1790 		 */
1791 		use_tree = true;
1792 	}
1793 
1794 	uvm_map_check(map, __func__);
1795 
1796 	if (use_tree) {
1797 		/*
1798 		 * Simple lookup in the tree.  Happens when the hint is
1799 		 * invalid, or nentries reach a threshold.
1800 		 */
1801 		UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(mlk_tree);
1802 		if (uvm_map_lookup_entry_bytree(map, address, entry)) {
1803 			goto got;
1804 		} else {
1805 			goto failed;
1806 		}
1807 	}
1808 
1809 	/*
1810 	 * search linearly
1811 	 */
1812 
1813 	UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(mlk_list);
1814 	while (cur != &map->header) {
1815 		UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(mlk_listloop);
1816 		if (cur->end > address) {
1817 			if (address >= cur->start) {
1818 				/*
1819 				 * save this lookup for future
1820 				 * hints, and return
1821 				 */
1822 
1823 				*entry = cur;
1824 got:
1825 				SAVE_HINT(map, map->hint, *entry);
1826 				UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- search got it (0x%x)",
1827 					cur, 0, 0, 0);
1828 				KDASSERT((*entry)->start <= address);
1829 				KDASSERT(address < (*entry)->end);
1830 				uvm_mapent_check(*entry);
1831 				return (true);
1832 			}
1833 			break;
1834 		}
1835 		cur = cur->next;
1836 	}
1837 	*entry = cur->prev;
1838 failed:
1839 	SAVE_HINT(map, map->hint, *entry);
1840 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- failed!",0,0,0,0);
1841 	KDASSERT((*entry) == &map->header || (*entry)->end <= address);
1842 	KDASSERT((*entry)->next == &map->header ||
1843 	    address < (*entry)->next->start);
1844 	return (false);
1845 }
1846 
1847 /*
1848  * See if the range between start and start + length fits in the gap
1849  * entry->next->start and entry->end.  Returns 1 if fits, 0 if doesn't
1850  * fit, and -1 address wraps around.
1851  */
1852 static int
1853 uvm_map_space_avail(vaddr_t *start, vsize_t length, voff_t uoffset,
1854     vsize_t align, int topdown, struct vm_map_entry *entry)
1855 {
1856 	vaddr_t end;
1857 
1858 #ifdef PMAP_PREFER
1859 	/*
1860 	 * push start address forward as needed to avoid VAC alias problems.
1861 	 * we only do this if a valid offset is specified.
1862 	 */
1863 
1864 	if (uoffset != UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET)
1865 		PMAP_PREFER(uoffset, start, length, topdown);
1866 #endif
1867 	if (align != 0) {
1868 		if ((*start & (align - 1)) != 0) {
1869 			if (topdown)
1870 				*start &= ~(align - 1);
1871 			else
1872 				*start = roundup(*start, align);
1873 		}
1874 		/*
1875 		 * XXX Should we PMAP_PREFER() here again?
1876 		 * eh...i think we're okay
1877 		 */
1878 	}
1879 
1880 	/*
1881 	 * Find the end of the proposed new region.  Be sure we didn't
1882 	 * wrap around the address; if so, we lose.  Otherwise, if the
1883 	 * proposed new region fits before the next entry, we win.
1884 	 */
1885 
1886 	end = *start + length;
1887 	if (end < *start)
1888 		return (-1);
1889 
1890 	if (entry->next->start >= end && *start >= entry->end)
1891 		return (1);
1892 
1893 	return (0);
1894 }
1895 
1896 /*
1897  * uvm_map_findspace: find "length" sized space in "map".
1898  *
1899  * => "hint" is a hint about where we want it, unless UVM_FLAG_FIXED is
1900  *	set in "flags" (in which case we insist on using "hint").
1901  * => "result" is VA returned
1902  * => uobj/uoffset are to be used to handle VAC alignment, if required
1903  * => if "align" is non-zero, we attempt to align to that value.
1904  * => caller must at least have read-locked map
1905  * => returns NULL on failure, or pointer to prev. map entry if success
1906  * => note this is a cross between the old vm_map_findspace and vm_map_find
1907  */
1908 
1909 struct vm_map_entry *
1910 uvm_map_findspace(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t hint, vsize_t length,
1911     vaddr_t *result /* OUT */, struct uvm_object *uobj, voff_t uoffset,
1912     vsize_t align, int flags)
1913 {
1914 	struct vm_map_entry *entry;
1915 	struct vm_map_entry *child, *prev, *tmp;
1916 	vaddr_t orig_hint;
1917 	const int topdown = map->flags & VM_MAP_TOPDOWN;
1918 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_map_findspace");
1919 	UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
1920 
1921 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "(map=0x%x, hint=0x%x, len=%d, flags=0x%x)",
1922 	    map, hint, length, flags);
1923 	KASSERT((align & (align - 1)) == 0);
1924 	KASSERT((flags & UVM_FLAG_FIXED) == 0 || align == 0);
1925 
1926 	uvm_map_check(map, "map_findspace entry");
1927 
1928 	/*
1929 	 * remember the original hint.  if we are aligning, then we
1930 	 * may have to try again with no alignment constraint if
1931 	 * we fail the first time.
1932 	 */
1933 
1934 	orig_hint = hint;
1935 	if (hint < vm_map_min(map)) {	/* check ranges ... */
1936 		if (flags & UVM_FLAG_FIXED) {
1937 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- VA below map range",0,0,0,0);
1938 			return (NULL);
1939 		}
1940 		hint = vm_map_min(map);
1941 	}
1942 	if (hint > vm_map_max(map)) {
1943 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- VA 0x%x > range [0x%x->0x%x]",
1944 		    hint, vm_map_min(map), vm_map_max(map), 0);
1945 		return (NULL);
1946 	}
1947 
1948 	/*
1949 	 * Look for the first possible address; if there's already
1950 	 * something at this address, we have to start after it.
1951 	 */
1952 
1953 	/*
1954 	 * @@@: there are four, no, eight cases to consider.
1955 	 *
1956 	 * 0: found,     fixed,     bottom up -> fail
1957 	 * 1: found,     fixed,     top down  -> fail
1958 	 * 2: found,     not fixed, bottom up -> start after entry->end,
1959 	 *                                       loop up
1960 	 * 3: found,     not fixed, top down  -> start before entry->start,
1961 	 *                                       loop down
1962 	 * 4: not found, fixed,     bottom up -> check entry->next->start, fail
1963 	 * 5: not found, fixed,     top down  -> check entry->next->start, fail
1964 	 * 6: not found, not fixed, bottom up -> check entry->next->start,
1965 	 *                                       loop up
1966 	 * 7: not found, not fixed, top down  -> check entry->next->start,
1967 	 *                                       loop down
1968 	 *
1969 	 * as you can see, it reduces to roughly five cases, and that
1970 	 * adding top down mapping only adds one unique case (without
1971 	 * it, there would be four cases).
1972 	 */
1973 
1974 	if ((flags & UVM_FLAG_FIXED) == 0 && hint == vm_map_min(map)) {
1975 		entry = map->first_free;
1976 	} else {
1977 		if (uvm_map_lookup_entry(map, hint, &entry)) {
1978 			/* "hint" address already in use ... */
1979 			if (flags & UVM_FLAG_FIXED) {
1980 				UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- fixed & VA in use",
1981 				    0, 0, 0, 0);
1982 				return (NULL);
1983 			}
1984 			if (topdown)
1985 				/* Start from lower gap. */
1986 				entry = entry->prev;
1987 		} else if (flags & UVM_FLAG_FIXED) {
1988 			if (entry->next->start >= hint + length &&
1989 			    hint + length > hint)
1990 				goto found;
1991 
1992 			/* "hint" address is gap but too small */
1993 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- fixed mapping failed",
1994 			    0, 0, 0, 0);
1995 			return (NULL); /* only one shot at it ... */
1996 		} else {
1997 			/*
1998 			 * See if given hint fits in this gap.
1999 			 */
2000 			switch (uvm_map_space_avail(&hint, length,
2001 			    uoffset, align, topdown, entry)) {
2002 			case 1:
2003 				goto found;
2004 			case -1:
2005 				goto wraparound;
2006 			}
2007 
2008 			if (topdown) {
2009 				/*
2010 				 * Still there is a chance to fit
2011 				 * if hint > entry->end.
2012 				 */
2013 			} else {
2014 				/* Start from higher gap. */
2015 				entry = entry->next;
2016 				if (entry == &map->header)
2017 					goto notfound;
2018 				goto nextgap;
2019 			}
2020 		}
2021 	}
2022 
2023 	/*
2024 	 * Note that all UVM_FLAGS_FIXED case is already handled.
2025 	 */
2026 	KDASSERT((flags & UVM_FLAG_FIXED) == 0);
2027 
2028 	/* Try to find the space in the red-black tree */
2029 
2030 	/* Check slot before any entry */
2031 	hint = topdown ? entry->next->start - length : entry->end;
2032 	switch (uvm_map_space_avail(&hint, length, uoffset, align,
2033 	    topdown, entry)) {
2034 	case 1:
2035 		goto found;
2036 	case -1:
2037 		goto wraparound;
2038 	}
2039 
2040 nextgap:
2041 	KDASSERT((flags & UVM_FLAG_FIXED) == 0);
2042 	/* If there is not enough space in the whole tree, we fail */
2043 	tmp = ROOT_ENTRY(map);
2044 	if (tmp == NULL || tmp->maxgap < length)
2045 		goto notfound;
2046 
2047 	prev = NULL; /* previous candidate */
2048 
2049 	/* Find an entry close to hint that has enough space */
2050 	for (; tmp;) {
2051 		KASSERT(tmp->next->start == tmp->end + tmp->gap);
2052 		if (topdown) {
2053 			if (tmp->next->start < hint + length &&
2054 			    (prev == NULL || tmp->end > prev->end)) {
2055 				if (tmp->gap >= length)
2056 					prev = tmp;
2057 				else if ((child = LEFT_ENTRY(tmp)) != NULL
2058 				    && child->maxgap >= length)
2059 					prev = tmp;
2060 			}
2061 		} else {
2062 			if (tmp->end >= hint &&
2063 			    (prev == NULL || tmp->end < prev->end)) {
2064 				if (tmp->gap >= length)
2065 					prev = tmp;
2066 				else if ((child = RIGHT_ENTRY(tmp)) != NULL
2067 				    && child->maxgap >= length)
2068 					prev = tmp;
2069 			}
2070 		}
2071 		if (tmp->next->start < hint + length)
2072 			child = RIGHT_ENTRY(tmp);
2073 		else if (tmp->end > hint)
2074 			child = LEFT_ENTRY(tmp);
2075 		else {
2076 			if (tmp->gap >= length)
2077 				break;
2078 			if (topdown)
2079 				child = LEFT_ENTRY(tmp);
2080 			else
2081 				child = RIGHT_ENTRY(tmp);
2082 		}
2083 		if (child == NULL || child->maxgap < length)
2084 			break;
2085 		tmp = child;
2086 	}
2087 
2088 	if (tmp != NULL && tmp->start < hint && hint < tmp->next->start) {
2089 		/*
2090 		 * Check if the entry that we found satifies the
2091 		 * space requirement
2092 		 */
2093 		if (topdown) {
2094 			if (hint > tmp->next->start - length)
2095 				hint = tmp->next->start - length;
2096 		} else {
2097 			if (hint < tmp->end)
2098 				hint = tmp->end;
2099 		}
2100 		switch (uvm_map_space_avail(&hint, length, uoffset, align,
2101 		    topdown, tmp)) {
2102 		case 1:
2103 			entry = tmp;
2104 			goto found;
2105 		case -1:
2106 			goto wraparound;
2107 		}
2108 		if (tmp->gap >= length)
2109 			goto listsearch;
2110 	}
2111 	if (prev == NULL)
2112 		goto notfound;
2113 
2114 	if (topdown) {
2115 		KASSERT(orig_hint >= prev->next->start - length ||
2116 		    prev->next->start - length > prev->next->start);
2117 		hint = prev->next->start - length;
2118 	} else {
2119 		KASSERT(orig_hint <= prev->end);
2120 		hint = prev->end;
2121 	}
2122 	switch (uvm_map_space_avail(&hint, length, uoffset, align,
2123 	    topdown, prev)) {
2124 	case 1:
2125 		entry = prev;
2126 		goto found;
2127 	case -1:
2128 		goto wraparound;
2129 	}
2130 	if (prev->gap >= length)
2131 		goto listsearch;
2132 
2133 	if (topdown)
2134 		tmp = LEFT_ENTRY(prev);
2135 	else
2136 		tmp = RIGHT_ENTRY(prev);
2137 	for (;;) {
2138 		KASSERT(tmp && tmp->maxgap >= length);
2139 		if (topdown)
2140 			child = RIGHT_ENTRY(tmp);
2141 		else
2142 			child = LEFT_ENTRY(tmp);
2143 		if (child && child->maxgap >= length) {
2144 			tmp = child;
2145 			continue;
2146 		}
2147 		if (tmp->gap >= length)
2148 			break;
2149 		if (topdown)
2150 			tmp = LEFT_ENTRY(tmp);
2151 		else
2152 			tmp = RIGHT_ENTRY(tmp);
2153 	}
2154 
2155 	if (topdown) {
2156 		KASSERT(orig_hint >= tmp->next->start - length ||
2157 		    tmp->next->start - length > tmp->next->start);
2158 		hint = tmp->next->start - length;
2159 	} else {
2160 		KASSERT(orig_hint <= tmp->end);
2161 		hint = tmp->end;
2162 	}
2163 	switch (uvm_map_space_avail(&hint, length, uoffset, align,
2164 	    topdown, tmp)) {
2165 	case 1:
2166 		entry = tmp;
2167 		goto found;
2168 	case -1:
2169 		goto wraparound;
2170 	}
2171 
2172 	/*
2173 	 * The tree fails to find an entry because of offset or alignment
2174 	 * restrictions.  Search the list instead.
2175 	 */
2176  listsearch:
2177 	/*
2178 	 * Look through the rest of the map, trying to fit a new region in
2179 	 * the gap between existing regions, or after the very last region.
2180 	 * note: entry->end = base VA of current gap,
2181 	 *	 entry->next->start = VA of end of current gap
2182 	 */
2183 
2184 	for (;;) {
2185 		/* Update hint for current gap. */
2186 		hint = topdown ? entry->next->start - length : entry->end;
2187 
2188 		/* See if it fits. */
2189 		switch (uvm_map_space_avail(&hint, length, uoffset, align,
2190 		    topdown, entry)) {
2191 		case 1:
2192 			goto found;
2193 		case -1:
2194 			goto wraparound;
2195 		}
2196 
2197 		/* Advance to next/previous gap */
2198 		if (topdown) {
2199 			if (entry == &map->header) {
2200 				UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- failed (off start)",
2201 				    0,0,0,0);
2202 				goto notfound;
2203 			}
2204 			entry = entry->prev;
2205 		} else {
2206 			entry = entry->next;
2207 			if (entry == &map->header) {
2208 				UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- failed (off end)",
2209 				    0,0,0,0);
2210 				goto notfound;
2211 			}
2212 		}
2213 	}
2214 
2215  found:
2216 	SAVE_HINT(map, map->hint, entry);
2217 	*result = hint;
2218 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- got it!  (result=0x%x)", hint, 0,0,0);
2219 	KASSERT( topdown || hint >= orig_hint);
2220 	KASSERT(!topdown || hint <= orig_hint);
2221 	KASSERT(entry->end <= hint);
2222 	KASSERT(hint + length <= entry->next->start);
2223 	return (entry);
2224 
2225  wraparound:
2226 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- failed (wrap around)", 0,0,0,0);
2227 
2228 	return (NULL);
2229 
2230  notfound:
2231 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- failed (notfound)", 0,0,0,0);
2232 
2233 	return (NULL);
2234 }
2235 
2236 /*
2237  *   U N M A P   -   m a i n   h e l p e r   f u n c t i o n s
2238  */
2239 
2240 /*
2241  * uvm_unmap_remove: remove mappings from a vm_map (from "start" up to "stop")
2242  *
2243  * => caller must check alignment and size
2244  * => map must be locked by caller
2245  * => we return a list of map entries that we've remove from the map
2246  *    in "entry_list"
2247  */
2248 
2249 void
2250 uvm_unmap_remove(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end,
2251     struct vm_map_entry **entry_list /* OUT */,
2252     struct uvm_mapent_reservation *umr, int flags)
2253 {
2254 	struct vm_map_entry *entry, *first_entry, *next;
2255 	vaddr_t len;
2256 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_unmap_remove"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
2257 
2258 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"(map=0x%x, start=0x%x, end=0x%x)",
2259 	    map, start, end, 0);
2260 	VM_MAP_RANGE_CHECK(map, start, end);
2261 
2262 	uvm_map_check(map, "unmap_remove entry");
2263 
2264 	/*
2265 	 * find first entry
2266 	 */
2267 
2268 	if (uvm_map_lookup_entry(map, start, &first_entry) == true) {
2269 		/* clip and go... */
2270 		entry = first_entry;
2271 		UVM_MAP_CLIP_START(map, entry, start, umr);
2272 		/* critical!  prevents stale hint */
2273 		SAVE_HINT(map, entry, entry->prev);
2274 	} else {
2275 		entry = first_entry->next;
2276 	}
2277 
2278 	/*
2279 	 * Save the free space hint
2280 	 */
2281 
2282 	if (map->first_free != &map->header && map->first_free->start >= start)
2283 		map->first_free = entry->prev;
2284 
2285 	/*
2286 	 * note: we now re-use first_entry for a different task.  we remove
2287 	 * a number of map entries from the map and save them in a linked
2288 	 * list headed by "first_entry".  once we remove them from the map
2289 	 * the caller should unlock the map and drop the references to the
2290 	 * backing objects [c.f. uvm_unmap_detach].  the object is to
2291 	 * separate unmapping from reference dropping.  why?
2292 	 *   [1] the map has to be locked for unmapping
2293 	 *   [2] the map need not be locked for reference dropping
2294 	 *   [3] dropping references may trigger pager I/O, and if we hit
2295 	 *       a pager that does synchronous I/O we may have to wait for it.
2296 	 *   [4] we would like all waiting for I/O to occur with maps unlocked
2297 	 *       so that we don't block other threads.
2298 	 */
2299 
2300 	first_entry = NULL;
2301 	*entry_list = NULL;
2302 
2303 	/*
2304 	 * break up the area into map entry sized regions and unmap.  note
2305 	 * that all mappings have to be removed before we can even consider
2306 	 * dropping references to amaps or VM objects (otherwise we could end
2307 	 * up with a mapping to a page on the free list which would be very bad)
2308 	 */
2309 
2310 	while ((entry != &map->header) && (entry->start < end)) {
2311 		KASSERT((entry->flags & UVM_MAP_FIRST) == 0);
2312 
2313 		UVM_MAP_CLIP_END(map, entry, end, umr);
2314 		next = entry->next;
2315 		len = entry->end - entry->start;
2316 
2317 		/*
2318 		 * unwire before removing addresses from the pmap; otherwise
2319 		 * unwiring will put the entries back into the pmap (XXX).
2320 		 */
2321 
2322 		if (VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(entry)) {
2323 			uvm_map_entry_unwire(map, entry);
2324 		}
2325 		if (flags & UVM_FLAG_VAONLY) {
2326 
2327 			/* nothing */
2328 
2329 		} else if ((map->flags & VM_MAP_PAGEABLE) == 0) {
2330 
2331 			/*
2332 			 * if the map is non-pageable, any pages mapped there
2333 			 * must be wired and entered with pmap_kenter_pa(),
2334 			 * and we should free any such pages immediately.
2335 			 * this is mostly used for kmem_map and mb_map.
2336 			 */
2337 
2338 			if ((entry->flags & UVM_MAP_KMAPENT) == 0) {
2339 				uvm_km_pgremove_intrsafe(map, entry->start,
2340 				    entry->end);
2341 				pmap_kremove(entry->start, len);
2342 			}
2343 		} else if (UVM_ET_ISOBJ(entry) &&
2344 			   UVM_OBJ_IS_KERN_OBJECT(entry->object.uvm_obj)) {
2345 			KASSERT(vm_map_pmap(map) == pmap_kernel());
2346 
2347 			/*
2348 			 * note: kernel object mappings are currently used in
2349 			 * two ways:
2350 			 *  [1] "normal" mappings of pages in the kernel object
2351 			 *  [2] uvm_km_valloc'd allocations in which we
2352 			 *      pmap_enter in some non-kernel-object page
2353 			 *      (e.g. vmapbuf).
2354 			 *
2355 			 * for case [1], we need to remove the mapping from
2356 			 * the pmap and then remove the page from the kernel
2357 			 * object (because, once pages in a kernel object are
2358 			 * unmapped they are no longer needed, unlike, say,
2359 			 * a vnode where you might want the data to persist
2360 			 * until flushed out of a queue).
2361 			 *
2362 			 * for case [2], we need to remove the mapping from
2363 			 * the pmap.  there shouldn't be any pages at the
2364 			 * specified offset in the kernel object [but it
2365 			 * doesn't hurt to call uvm_km_pgremove just to be
2366 			 * safe?]
2367 			 *
2368 			 * uvm_km_pgremove currently does the following:
2369 			 *   for pages in the kernel object in range:
2370 			 *     - drops the swap slot
2371 			 *     - uvm_pagefree the page
2372 			 */
2373 
2374 			/*
2375 			 * remove mappings from pmap and drop the pages
2376 			 * from the object.  offsets are always relative
2377 			 * to vm_map_min(kernel_map).
2378 			 */
2379 
2380 			pmap_remove(pmap_kernel(), entry->start,
2381 			    entry->start + len);
2382 			uvm_km_pgremove(entry->start, entry->end);
2383 
2384 			/*
2385 			 * null out kernel_object reference, we've just
2386 			 * dropped it
2387 			 */
2388 
2389 			entry->etype &= ~UVM_ET_OBJ;
2390 			entry->object.uvm_obj = NULL;
2391 		} else if (UVM_ET_ISOBJ(entry) || entry->aref.ar_amap) {
2392 
2393 			/*
2394 			 * remove mappings the standard way.
2395 			 */
2396 
2397 			pmap_remove(map->pmap, entry->start, entry->end);
2398 		}
2399 
2400 #if defined(DEBUG)
2401 		if ((entry->flags & UVM_MAP_KMAPENT) == 0) {
2402 
2403 			/*
2404 			 * check if there's remaining mapping,
2405 			 * which is a bug in caller.
2406 			 */
2407 
2408 			vaddr_t va;
2409 			for (va = entry->start; va < entry->end;
2410 			    va += PAGE_SIZE) {
2411 				if (pmap_extract(vm_map_pmap(map), va, NULL)) {
2412 					panic("uvm_unmap_remove: has mapping");
2413 				}
2414 			}
2415 
2416 			if (VM_MAP_IS_KERNEL(map)) {
2417 				uvm_km_check_empty(map, entry->start,
2418 				    entry->end);
2419 			}
2420 		}
2421 #endif /* defined(DEBUG) */
2422 
2423 		/*
2424 		 * remove entry from map and put it on our list of entries
2425 		 * that we've nuked.  then go to next entry.
2426 		 */
2427 
2428 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  removed map entry 0x%x", entry, 0, 0,0);
2429 
2430 		/* critical!  prevents stale hint */
2431 		SAVE_HINT(map, entry, entry->prev);
2432 
2433 		uvm_map_entry_unlink(map, entry);
2434 		KASSERT(map->size >= len);
2435 		map->size -= len;
2436 		entry->prev = NULL;
2437 		entry->next = first_entry;
2438 		first_entry = entry;
2439 		entry = next;
2440 	}
2441 	if ((map->flags & VM_MAP_DYING) == 0) {
2442 		pmap_update(vm_map_pmap(map));
2443 	}
2444 
2445 	uvm_map_check(map, "unmap_remove leave");
2446 
2447 	/*
2448 	 * now we've cleaned up the map and are ready for the caller to drop
2449 	 * references to the mapped objects.
2450 	 */
2451 
2452 	*entry_list = first_entry;
2453 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done!", 0, 0, 0, 0);
2454 
2455 	if (map->flags & VM_MAP_WANTVA) {
2456 		mutex_enter(&map->misc_lock);
2457 		map->flags &= ~VM_MAP_WANTVA;
2458 		cv_broadcast(&map->cv);
2459 		mutex_exit(&map->misc_lock);
2460 	}
2461 }
2462 
2463 /*
2464  * uvm_unmap_detach: drop references in a chain of map entries
2465  *
2466  * => we will free the map entries as we traverse the list.
2467  */
2468 
2469 void
2470 uvm_unmap_detach(struct vm_map_entry *first_entry, int flags)
2471 {
2472 	struct vm_map_entry *next_entry;
2473 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_unmap_detach"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
2474 
2475 	while (first_entry) {
2476 		KASSERT(!VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(first_entry));
2477 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,
2478 		    "  detach 0x%x: amap=0x%x, obj=0x%x, submap?=%d",
2479 		    first_entry, first_entry->aref.ar_amap,
2480 		    first_entry->object.uvm_obj,
2481 		    UVM_ET_ISSUBMAP(first_entry));
2482 
2483 		/*
2484 		 * drop reference to amap, if we've got one
2485 		 */
2486 
2487 		if (first_entry->aref.ar_amap)
2488 			uvm_map_unreference_amap(first_entry, flags);
2489 
2490 		/*
2491 		 * drop reference to our backing object, if we've got one
2492 		 */
2493 
2494 		KASSERT(!UVM_ET_ISSUBMAP(first_entry));
2495 		if (UVM_ET_ISOBJ(first_entry) &&
2496 		    first_entry->object.uvm_obj->pgops->pgo_detach) {
2497 			(*first_entry->object.uvm_obj->pgops->pgo_detach)
2498 				(first_entry->object.uvm_obj);
2499 		}
2500 		next_entry = first_entry->next;
2501 		uvm_mapent_free(first_entry);
2502 		first_entry = next_entry;
2503 	}
2504 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- done", 0,0,0,0);
2505 }
2506 
2507 /*
2508  *   E X T R A C T I O N   F U N C T I O N S
2509  */
2510 
2511 /*
2512  * uvm_map_reserve: reserve space in a vm_map for future use.
2513  *
2514  * => we reserve space in a map by putting a dummy map entry in the
2515  *    map (dummy means obj=NULL, amap=NULL, prot=VM_PROT_NONE)
2516  * => map should be unlocked (we will write lock it)
2517  * => we return true if we were able to reserve space
2518  * => XXXCDC: should be inline?
2519  */
2520 
2521 int
2522 uvm_map_reserve(struct vm_map *map, vsize_t size,
2523     vaddr_t offset	/* hint for pmap_prefer */,
2524     vsize_t align	/* alignment */,
2525     vaddr_t *raddr	/* IN:hint, OUT: reserved VA */,
2526     uvm_flag_t flags	/* UVM_FLAG_FIXED or 0 */)
2527 {
2528 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_map_reserve"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
2529 
2530 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "(map=0x%x, size=0x%x, offset=0x%x,addr=0x%x)",
2531 	    map,size,offset,raddr);
2532 
2533 	size = round_page(size);
2534 
2535 	/*
2536 	 * reserve some virtual space.
2537 	 */
2538 
2539 	if (uvm_map(map, raddr, size, NULL, offset, align,
2540 	    UVM_MAPFLAG(UVM_PROT_NONE, UVM_PROT_NONE, UVM_INH_NONE,
2541 	    UVM_ADV_RANDOM, UVM_FLAG_NOMERGE|flags)) != 0) {
2542 	    UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- done (no VM)", 0,0,0,0);
2543 		return (false);
2544 	}
2545 
2546 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- done (*raddr=0x%x)", *raddr,0,0,0);
2547 	return (true);
2548 }
2549 
2550 /*
2551  * uvm_map_replace: replace a reserved (blank) area of memory with
2552  * real mappings.
2553  *
2554  * => caller must WRITE-LOCK the map
2555  * => we return true if replacement was a success
2556  * => we expect the newents chain to have nnewents entrys on it and
2557  *    we expect newents->prev to point to the last entry on the list
2558  * => note newents is allowed to be NULL
2559  */
2560 
2561 static int
2562 uvm_map_replace(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end,
2563     struct vm_map_entry *newents, int nnewents, vsize_t nsize,
2564     struct vm_map_entry **oldentryp)
2565 {
2566 	struct vm_map_entry *oldent, *last;
2567 
2568 	uvm_map_check(map, "map_replace entry");
2569 
2570 	/*
2571 	 * first find the blank map entry at the specified address
2572 	 */
2573 
2574 	if (!uvm_map_lookup_entry(map, start, &oldent)) {
2575 		return (false);
2576 	}
2577 
2578 	/*
2579 	 * check to make sure we have a proper blank entry
2580 	 */
2581 
2582 	if (end < oldent->end && !VM_MAP_USE_KMAPENT(map)) {
2583 		UVM_MAP_CLIP_END(map, oldent, end, NULL);
2584 	}
2585 	if (oldent->start != start || oldent->end != end ||
2586 	    oldent->object.uvm_obj != NULL || oldent->aref.ar_amap != NULL) {
2587 		return (false);
2588 	}
2589 
2590 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
2591 
2592 	/*
2593 	 * sanity check the newents chain
2594 	 */
2595 
2596 	{
2597 		struct vm_map_entry *tmpent = newents;
2598 		int nent = 0;
2599 		vsize_t sz = 0;
2600 		vaddr_t cur = start;
2601 
2602 		while (tmpent) {
2603 			nent++;
2604 			sz += tmpent->end - tmpent->start;
2605 			if (tmpent->start < cur)
2606 				panic("uvm_map_replace1");
2607 			if (tmpent->start >= tmpent->end || tmpent->end > end) {
2608 		printf("tmpent->start=0x%lx, tmpent->end=0x%lx, end=0x%lx\n",
2609 			    tmpent->start, tmpent->end, end);
2610 				panic("uvm_map_replace2");
2611 			}
2612 			cur = tmpent->end;
2613 			if (tmpent->next) {
2614 				if (tmpent->next->prev != tmpent)
2615 					panic("uvm_map_replace3");
2616 			} else {
2617 				if (newents->prev != tmpent)
2618 					panic("uvm_map_replace4");
2619 			}
2620 			tmpent = tmpent->next;
2621 		}
2622 		if (nent != nnewents)
2623 			panic("uvm_map_replace5");
2624 		if (sz != nsize)
2625 			panic("uvm_map_replace6");
2626 	}
2627 #endif
2628 
2629 	/*
2630 	 * map entry is a valid blank!   replace it.   (this does all the
2631 	 * work of map entry link/unlink...).
2632 	 */
2633 
2634 	if (newents) {
2635 		last = newents->prev;
2636 
2637 		/* critical: flush stale hints out of map */
2638 		SAVE_HINT(map, map->hint, newents);
2639 		if (map->first_free == oldent)
2640 			map->first_free = last;
2641 
2642 		last->next = oldent->next;
2643 		last->next->prev = last;
2644 
2645 		/* Fix RB tree */
2646 		uvm_rb_remove(map, oldent);
2647 
2648 		newents->prev = oldent->prev;
2649 		newents->prev->next = newents;
2650 		map->nentries = map->nentries + (nnewents - 1);
2651 
2652 		/* Fixup the RB tree */
2653 		{
2654 			int i;
2655 			struct vm_map_entry *tmp;
2656 
2657 			tmp = newents;
2658 			for (i = 0; i < nnewents && tmp; i++) {
2659 				uvm_rb_insert(map, tmp);
2660 				tmp = tmp->next;
2661 			}
2662 		}
2663 	} else {
2664 		/* NULL list of new entries: just remove the old one */
2665 		clear_hints(map, oldent);
2666 		uvm_map_entry_unlink(map, oldent);
2667 	}
2668 	map->size -= end - start - nsize;
2669 
2670 	uvm_map_check(map, "map_replace leave");
2671 
2672 	/*
2673 	 * now we can free the old blank entry and return.
2674 	 */
2675 
2676 	*oldentryp = oldent;
2677 	return (true);
2678 }
2679 
2680 /*
2681  * uvm_map_extract: extract a mapping from a map and put it somewhere
2682  *	(maybe removing the old mapping)
2683  *
2684  * => maps should be unlocked (we will write lock them)
2685  * => returns 0 on success, error code otherwise
2686  * => start must be page aligned
2687  * => len must be page sized
2688  * => flags:
2689  *      UVM_EXTRACT_REMOVE: remove mappings from srcmap
2690  *      UVM_EXTRACT_CONTIG: abort if unmapped area (advisory only)
2691  *      UVM_EXTRACT_QREF: for a temporary extraction do quick obj refs
2692  *      UVM_EXTRACT_FIXPROT: set prot to maxprot as we go
2693  *    >>>NOTE: if you set REMOVE, you are not allowed to use CONTIG or QREF!<<<
2694  *    >>>NOTE: QREF's must be unmapped via the QREF path, thus should only
2695  *             be used from within the kernel in a kernel level map <<<
2696  */
2697 
2698 int
2699 uvm_map_extract(struct vm_map *srcmap, vaddr_t start, vsize_t len,
2700     struct vm_map *dstmap, vaddr_t *dstaddrp, int flags)
2701 {
2702 	vaddr_t dstaddr, end, newend, oldoffset, fudge, orig_fudge;
2703 	struct vm_map_entry *chain, *endchain, *entry, *orig_entry, *newentry,
2704 	    *deadentry, *oldentry;
2705 	struct vm_map_entry *resentry = NULL; /* a dummy reservation entry */
2706 	vsize_t elen;
2707 	int nchain, error, copy_ok;
2708 	vsize_t nsize;
2709 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_map_extract"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
2710 
2711 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"(srcmap=0x%x,start=0x%x, len=0x%x", srcmap, start,
2712 	    len,0);
2713 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist," ...,dstmap=0x%x, flags=0x%x)", dstmap,flags,0,0);
2714 
2715 	/*
2716 	 * step 0: sanity check: start must be on a page boundary, length
2717 	 * must be page sized.  can't ask for CONTIG/QREF if you asked for
2718 	 * REMOVE.
2719 	 */
2720 
2721 	KASSERT((start & PAGE_MASK) == 0 && (len & PAGE_MASK) == 0);
2722 	KASSERT((flags & UVM_EXTRACT_REMOVE) == 0 ||
2723 		(flags & (UVM_EXTRACT_CONTIG|UVM_EXTRACT_QREF)) == 0);
2724 
2725 	/*
2726 	 * step 1: reserve space in the target map for the extracted area
2727 	 */
2728 
2729 	if ((flags & UVM_EXTRACT_RESERVED) == 0) {
2730 		dstaddr = vm_map_min(dstmap);
2731 		if (!uvm_map_reserve(dstmap, len, start, 0, &dstaddr, 0))
2732 			return (ENOMEM);
2733 		*dstaddrp = dstaddr;	/* pass address back to caller */
2734 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  dstaddr=0x%x", dstaddr,0,0,0);
2735 	} else {
2736 		dstaddr = *dstaddrp;
2737 	}
2738 
2739 	/*
2740 	 * step 2: setup for the extraction process loop by init'ing the
2741 	 * map entry chain, locking src map, and looking up the first useful
2742 	 * entry in the map.
2743 	 */
2744 
2745 	end = start + len;
2746 	newend = dstaddr + len;
2747 	chain = endchain = NULL;
2748 	nchain = 0;
2749 	nsize = 0;
2750 	vm_map_lock(srcmap);
2751 
2752 	if (uvm_map_lookup_entry(srcmap, start, &entry)) {
2753 
2754 		/* "start" is within an entry */
2755 		if (flags & UVM_EXTRACT_QREF) {
2756 
2757 			/*
2758 			 * for quick references we don't clip the entry, so
2759 			 * the entry may map space "before" the starting
2760 			 * virtual address... this is the "fudge" factor
2761 			 * (which can be non-zero only the first time
2762 			 * through the "while" loop in step 3).
2763 			 */
2764 
2765 			fudge = start - entry->start;
2766 		} else {
2767 
2768 			/*
2769 			 * normal reference: we clip the map to fit (thus
2770 			 * fudge is zero)
2771 			 */
2772 
2773 			UVM_MAP_CLIP_START(srcmap, entry, start, NULL);
2774 			SAVE_HINT(srcmap, srcmap->hint, entry->prev);
2775 			fudge = 0;
2776 		}
2777 	} else {
2778 
2779 		/* "start" is not within an entry ... skip to next entry */
2780 		if (flags & UVM_EXTRACT_CONTIG) {
2781 			error = EINVAL;
2782 			goto bad;    /* definite hole here ... */
2783 		}
2784 
2785 		entry = entry->next;
2786 		fudge = 0;
2787 	}
2788 
2789 	/* save values from srcmap for step 6 */
2790 	orig_entry = entry;
2791 	orig_fudge = fudge;
2792 
2793 	/*
2794 	 * step 3: now start looping through the map entries, extracting
2795 	 * as we go.
2796 	 */
2797 
2798 	while (entry->start < end && entry != &srcmap->header) {
2799 
2800 		/* if we are not doing a quick reference, clip it */
2801 		if ((flags & UVM_EXTRACT_QREF) == 0)
2802 			UVM_MAP_CLIP_END(srcmap, entry, end, NULL);
2803 
2804 		/* clear needs_copy (allow chunking) */
2805 		if (UVM_ET_ISNEEDSCOPY(entry)) {
2806 			amap_copy(srcmap, entry,
2807 			    AMAP_COPY_NOWAIT|AMAP_COPY_NOMERGE, start, end);
2808 			if (UVM_ET_ISNEEDSCOPY(entry)) {  /* failed? */
2809 				error = ENOMEM;
2810 				goto bad;
2811 			}
2812 
2813 			/* amap_copy could clip (during chunk)!  update fudge */
2814 			if (fudge) {
2815 				fudge = start - entry->start;
2816 				orig_fudge = fudge;
2817 			}
2818 		}
2819 
2820 		/* calculate the offset of this from "start" */
2821 		oldoffset = (entry->start + fudge) - start;
2822 
2823 		/* allocate a new map entry */
2824 		newentry = uvm_mapent_alloc(dstmap, 0);
2825 		if (newentry == NULL) {
2826 			error = ENOMEM;
2827 			goto bad;
2828 		}
2829 
2830 		/* set up new map entry */
2831 		newentry->next = NULL;
2832 		newentry->prev = endchain;
2833 		newentry->start = dstaddr + oldoffset;
2834 		newentry->end =
2835 		    newentry->start + (entry->end - (entry->start + fudge));
2836 		if (newentry->end > newend || newentry->end < newentry->start)
2837 			newentry->end = newend;
2838 		newentry->object.uvm_obj = entry->object.uvm_obj;
2839 		if (newentry->object.uvm_obj) {
2840 			if (newentry->object.uvm_obj->pgops->pgo_reference)
2841 				newentry->object.uvm_obj->pgops->
2842 				    pgo_reference(newentry->object.uvm_obj);
2843 				newentry->offset = entry->offset + fudge;
2844 		} else {
2845 			newentry->offset = 0;
2846 		}
2847 		newentry->etype = entry->etype;
2848 		newentry->protection = (flags & UVM_EXTRACT_FIXPROT) ?
2849 			entry->max_protection : entry->protection;
2850 		newentry->max_protection = entry->max_protection;
2851 		newentry->inheritance = entry->inheritance;
2852 		newentry->wired_count = 0;
2853 		newentry->aref.ar_amap = entry->aref.ar_amap;
2854 		if (newentry->aref.ar_amap) {
2855 			newentry->aref.ar_pageoff =
2856 			    entry->aref.ar_pageoff + (fudge >> PAGE_SHIFT);
2857 			uvm_map_reference_amap(newentry, AMAP_SHARED |
2858 			    ((flags & UVM_EXTRACT_QREF) ? AMAP_REFALL : 0));
2859 		} else {
2860 			newentry->aref.ar_pageoff = 0;
2861 		}
2862 		newentry->advice = entry->advice;
2863 		if ((flags & UVM_EXTRACT_QREF) != 0) {
2864 			newentry->flags |= UVM_MAP_NOMERGE;
2865 		}
2866 
2867 		/* now link it on the chain */
2868 		nchain++;
2869 		nsize += newentry->end - newentry->start;
2870 		if (endchain == NULL) {
2871 			chain = endchain = newentry;
2872 		} else {
2873 			endchain->next = newentry;
2874 			endchain = newentry;
2875 		}
2876 
2877 		/* end of 'while' loop! */
2878 		if ((flags & UVM_EXTRACT_CONTIG) && entry->end < end &&
2879 		    (entry->next == &srcmap->header ||
2880 		    entry->next->start != entry->end)) {
2881 			error = EINVAL;
2882 			goto bad;
2883 		}
2884 		entry = entry->next;
2885 		fudge = 0;
2886 	}
2887 
2888 	/*
2889 	 * step 4: close off chain (in format expected by uvm_map_replace)
2890 	 */
2891 
2892 	if (chain)
2893 		chain->prev = endchain;
2894 
2895 	/*
2896 	 * step 5: attempt to lock the dest map so we can pmap_copy.
2897 	 * note usage of copy_ok:
2898 	 *   1 => dstmap locked, pmap_copy ok, and we "replace" here (step 5)
2899 	 *   0 => dstmap unlocked, NO pmap_copy, and we will "replace" in step 7
2900 	 */
2901 
2902 	if (srcmap == dstmap || vm_map_lock_try(dstmap) == true) {
2903 		copy_ok = 1;
2904 		if (!uvm_map_replace(dstmap, dstaddr, dstaddr+len, chain,
2905 		    nchain, nsize, &resentry)) {
2906 			if (srcmap != dstmap)
2907 				vm_map_unlock(dstmap);
2908 			error = EIO;
2909 			goto bad;
2910 		}
2911 	} else {
2912 		copy_ok = 0;
2913 		/* replace defered until step 7 */
2914 	}
2915 
2916 	/*
2917 	 * step 6: traverse the srcmap a second time to do the following:
2918 	 *  - if we got a lock on the dstmap do pmap_copy
2919 	 *  - if UVM_EXTRACT_REMOVE remove the entries
2920 	 * we make use of orig_entry and orig_fudge (saved in step 2)
2921 	 */
2922 
2923 	if (copy_ok || (flags & UVM_EXTRACT_REMOVE)) {
2924 
2925 		/* purge possible stale hints from srcmap */
2926 		if (flags & UVM_EXTRACT_REMOVE) {
2927 			SAVE_HINT(srcmap, srcmap->hint, orig_entry->prev);
2928 			if (srcmap->first_free != &srcmap->header &&
2929 			    srcmap->first_free->start >= start)
2930 				srcmap->first_free = orig_entry->prev;
2931 		}
2932 
2933 		entry = orig_entry;
2934 		fudge = orig_fudge;
2935 		deadentry = NULL;	/* for UVM_EXTRACT_REMOVE */
2936 
2937 		while (entry->start < end && entry != &srcmap->header) {
2938 			if (copy_ok) {
2939 				oldoffset = (entry->start + fudge) - start;
2940 				elen = MIN(end, entry->end) -
2941 				    (entry->start + fudge);
2942 				pmap_copy(dstmap->pmap, srcmap->pmap,
2943 				    dstaddr + oldoffset, elen,
2944 				    entry->start + fudge);
2945 			}
2946 
2947 			/* we advance "entry" in the following if statement */
2948 			if (flags & UVM_EXTRACT_REMOVE) {
2949 				pmap_remove(srcmap->pmap, entry->start,
2950 						entry->end);
2951 				oldentry = entry;	/* save entry */
2952 				entry = entry->next;	/* advance */
2953 				uvm_map_entry_unlink(srcmap, oldentry);
2954 							/* add to dead list */
2955 				oldentry->next = deadentry;
2956 				deadentry = oldentry;
2957 			} else {
2958 				entry = entry->next;		/* advance */
2959 			}
2960 
2961 			/* end of 'while' loop */
2962 			fudge = 0;
2963 		}
2964 		pmap_update(srcmap->pmap);
2965 
2966 		/*
2967 		 * unlock dstmap.  we will dispose of deadentry in
2968 		 * step 7 if needed
2969 		 */
2970 
2971 		if (copy_ok && srcmap != dstmap)
2972 			vm_map_unlock(dstmap);
2973 
2974 	} else {
2975 		deadentry = NULL;
2976 	}
2977 
2978 	/*
2979 	 * step 7: we are done with the source map, unlock.   if copy_ok
2980 	 * is 0 then we have not replaced the dummy mapping in dstmap yet
2981 	 * and we need to do so now.
2982 	 */
2983 
2984 	vm_map_unlock(srcmap);
2985 	if ((flags & UVM_EXTRACT_REMOVE) && deadentry)
2986 		uvm_unmap_detach(deadentry, 0);   /* dispose of old entries */
2987 
2988 	/* now do the replacement if we didn't do it in step 5 */
2989 	if (copy_ok == 0) {
2990 		vm_map_lock(dstmap);
2991 		error = uvm_map_replace(dstmap, dstaddr, dstaddr+len, chain,
2992 		    nchain, nsize, &resentry);
2993 		vm_map_unlock(dstmap);
2994 
2995 		if (error == false) {
2996 			error = EIO;
2997 			goto bad2;
2998 		}
2999 	}
3000 
3001 	if (resentry != NULL)
3002 		uvm_mapent_free(resentry);
3003 
3004 	return (0);
3005 
3006 	/*
3007 	 * bad: failure recovery
3008 	 */
3009 bad:
3010 	vm_map_unlock(srcmap);
3011 bad2:			/* src already unlocked */
3012 	if (chain)
3013 		uvm_unmap_detach(chain,
3014 		    (flags & UVM_EXTRACT_QREF) ? AMAP_REFALL : 0);
3015 
3016 	if (resentry != NULL)
3017 		uvm_mapent_free(resentry);
3018 
3019 	if ((flags & UVM_EXTRACT_RESERVED) == 0) {
3020 		uvm_unmap(dstmap, dstaddr, dstaddr+len);   /* ??? */
3021 	}
3022 	return (error);
3023 }
3024 
3025 /* end of extraction functions */
3026 
3027 /*
3028  * uvm_map_submap: punch down part of a map into a submap
3029  *
3030  * => only the kernel_map is allowed to be submapped
3031  * => the purpose of submapping is to break up the locking granularity
3032  *	of a larger map
3033  * => the range specified must have been mapped previously with a uvm_map()
3034  *	call [with uobj==NULL] to create a blank map entry in the main map.
3035  *	[And it had better still be blank!]
3036  * => maps which contain submaps should never be copied or forked.
3037  * => to remove a submap, use uvm_unmap() on the main map
3038  *	and then uvm_map_deallocate() the submap.
3039  * => main map must be unlocked.
3040  * => submap must have been init'd and have a zero reference count.
3041  *	[need not be locked as we don't actually reference it]
3042  */
3043 
3044 int
3045 uvm_map_submap(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end,
3046     struct vm_map *submap)
3047 {
3048 	struct vm_map_entry *entry;
3049 	struct uvm_mapent_reservation umr;
3050 	int error;
3051 
3052 	uvm_mapent_reserve(map, &umr, 2, 0);
3053 
3054 	vm_map_lock(map);
3055 	VM_MAP_RANGE_CHECK(map, start, end);
3056 
3057 	if (uvm_map_lookup_entry(map, start, &entry)) {
3058 		UVM_MAP_CLIP_START(map, entry, start, &umr);
3059 		UVM_MAP_CLIP_END(map, entry, end, &umr);	/* to be safe */
3060 	} else {
3061 		entry = NULL;
3062 	}
3063 
3064 	if (entry != NULL &&
3065 	    entry->start == start && entry->end == end &&
3066 	    entry->object.uvm_obj == NULL && entry->aref.ar_amap == NULL &&
3067 	    !UVM_ET_ISCOPYONWRITE(entry) && !UVM_ET_ISNEEDSCOPY(entry)) {
3068 		entry->etype |= UVM_ET_SUBMAP;
3069 		entry->object.sub_map = submap;
3070 		entry->offset = 0;
3071 		uvm_map_reference(submap);
3072 		error = 0;
3073 	} else {
3074 		error = EINVAL;
3075 	}
3076 	vm_map_unlock(map);
3077 
3078 	uvm_mapent_unreserve(map, &umr);
3079 
3080 	return error;
3081 }
3082 
3083 /*
3084  * uvm_map_setup_kernel: init in-kernel map
3085  *
3086  * => map must not be in service yet.
3087  */
3088 
3089 void
3090 uvm_map_setup_kernel(struct vm_map_kernel *map,
3091     vaddr_t vmin, vaddr_t vmax, int flags)
3092 {
3093 
3094 	uvm_map_setup(&map->vmk_map, vmin, vmax, flags);
3095 	callback_head_init(&map->vmk_reclaim_callback, IPL_VM);
3096 	LIST_INIT(&map->vmk_kentry_free);
3097 	map->vmk_merged_entries = NULL;
3098 }
3099 
3100 
3101 /*
3102  * uvm_map_protect: change map protection
3103  *
3104  * => set_max means set max_protection.
3105  * => map must be unlocked.
3106  */
3107 
3108 #define MASK(entry)	(UVM_ET_ISCOPYONWRITE(entry) ? \
3109 			 ~VM_PROT_WRITE : VM_PROT_ALL)
3110 
3111 int
3112 uvm_map_protect(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end,
3113     vm_prot_t new_prot, bool set_max)
3114 {
3115 	struct vm_map_entry *current, *entry;
3116 	int error = 0;
3117 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_map_protect"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
3118 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"(map=0x%x,start=0x%x,end=0x%x,new_prot=0x%x)",
3119 		    map, start, end, new_prot);
3120 
3121 	vm_map_lock(map);
3122 	VM_MAP_RANGE_CHECK(map, start, end);
3123 	if (uvm_map_lookup_entry(map, start, &entry)) {
3124 		UVM_MAP_CLIP_START(map, entry, start, NULL);
3125 	} else {
3126 		entry = entry->next;
3127 	}
3128 
3129 	/*
3130 	 * make a first pass to check for protection violations.
3131 	 */
3132 
3133 	current = entry;
3134 	while ((current != &map->header) && (current->start < end)) {
3135 		if (UVM_ET_ISSUBMAP(current)) {
3136 			error = EINVAL;
3137 			goto out;
3138 		}
3139 		if ((new_prot & current->max_protection) != new_prot) {
3140 			error = EACCES;
3141 			goto out;
3142 		}
3143 		/*
3144 		 * Don't allow VM_PROT_EXECUTE to be set on entries that
3145 		 * point to vnodes that are associated with a NOEXEC file
3146 		 * system.
3147 		 */
3148 		if (UVM_ET_ISOBJ(current) &&
3149 		    UVM_OBJ_IS_VNODE(current->object.uvm_obj)) {
3150 			struct vnode *vp =
3151 			    (struct vnode *) current->object.uvm_obj;
3152 
3153 			if ((new_prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) != 0 &&
3154 			    (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC) != 0) {
3155 				error = EACCES;
3156 				goto out;
3157 			}
3158 		}
3159 
3160 		current = current->next;
3161 	}
3162 
3163 	/* go back and fix up protections (no need to clip this time). */
3164 
3165 	current = entry;
3166 	while ((current != &map->header) && (current->start < end)) {
3167 		vm_prot_t old_prot;
3168 
3169 		UVM_MAP_CLIP_END(map, current, end, NULL);
3170 		old_prot = current->protection;
3171 		if (set_max)
3172 			current->protection =
3173 			    (current->max_protection = new_prot) & old_prot;
3174 		else
3175 			current->protection = new_prot;
3176 
3177 		/*
3178 		 * update physical map if necessary.  worry about copy-on-write
3179 		 * here -- CHECK THIS XXX
3180 		 */
3181 
3182 		if (current->protection != old_prot) {
3183 			/* update pmap! */
3184 			pmap_protect(map->pmap, current->start, current->end,
3185 			    current->protection & MASK(entry));
3186 
3187 			/*
3188 			 * If this entry points at a vnode, and the
3189 			 * protection includes VM_PROT_EXECUTE, mark
3190 			 * the vnode as VEXECMAP.
3191 			 */
3192 			if (UVM_ET_ISOBJ(current)) {
3193 				struct uvm_object *uobj =
3194 				    current->object.uvm_obj;
3195 
3196 				if (UVM_OBJ_IS_VNODE(uobj) &&
3197 				    (current->protection & VM_PROT_EXECUTE)) {
3198 					vn_markexec((struct vnode *) uobj);
3199 				}
3200 			}
3201 		}
3202 
3203 		/*
3204 		 * If the map is configured to lock any future mappings,
3205 		 * wire this entry now if the old protection was VM_PROT_NONE
3206 		 * and the new protection is not VM_PROT_NONE.
3207 		 */
3208 
3209 		if ((map->flags & VM_MAP_WIREFUTURE) != 0 &&
3210 		    VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(entry) == 0 &&
3211 		    old_prot == VM_PROT_NONE &&
3212 		    new_prot != VM_PROT_NONE) {
3213 			if (uvm_map_pageable(map, entry->start,
3214 			    entry->end, false,
3215 			    UVM_LK_ENTER|UVM_LK_EXIT) != 0) {
3216 
3217 				/*
3218 				 * If locking the entry fails, remember the
3219 				 * error if it's the first one.  Note we
3220 				 * still continue setting the protection in
3221 				 * the map, but will return the error
3222 				 * condition regardless.
3223 				 *
3224 				 * XXX Ignore what the actual error is,
3225 				 * XXX just call it a resource shortage
3226 				 * XXX so that it doesn't get confused
3227 				 * XXX what uvm_map_protect() itself would
3228 				 * XXX normally return.
3229 				 */
3230 
3231 				error = ENOMEM;
3232 			}
3233 		}
3234 		current = current->next;
3235 	}
3236 	pmap_update(map->pmap);
3237 
3238  out:
3239 	vm_map_unlock(map);
3240 
3241 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- done, error=%d",error,0,0,0);
3242 	return error;
3243 }
3244 
3245 #undef  MASK
3246 
3247 /*
3248  * uvm_map_inherit: set inheritance code for range of addrs in map.
3249  *
3250  * => map must be unlocked
3251  * => note that the inherit code is used during a "fork".  see fork
3252  *	code for details.
3253  */
3254 
3255 int
3256 uvm_map_inherit(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end,
3257     vm_inherit_t new_inheritance)
3258 {
3259 	struct vm_map_entry *entry, *temp_entry;
3260 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_map_inherit"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
3261 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"(map=0x%x,start=0x%x,end=0x%x,new_inh=0x%x)",
3262 	    map, start, end, new_inheritance);
3263 
3264 	switch (new_inheritance) {
3265 	case MAP_INHERIT_NONE:
3266 	case MAP_INHERIT_COPY:
3267 	case MAP_INHERIT_SHARE:
3268 		break;
3269 	default:
3270 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (INVALID ARG)",0,0,0,0);
3271 		return EINVAL;
3272 	}
3273 
3274 	vm_map_lock(map);
3275 	VM_MAP_RANGE_CHECK(map, start, end);
3276 	if (uvm_map_lookup_entry(map, start, &temp_entry)) {
3277 		entry = temp_entry;
3278 		UVM_MAP_CLIP_START(map, entry, start, NULL);
3279 	}  else {
3280 		entry = temp_entry->next;
3281 	}
3282 	while ((entry != &map->header) && (entry->start < end)) {
3283 		UVM_MAP_CLIP_END(map, entry, end, NULL);
3284 		entry->inheritance = new_inheritance;
3285 		entry = entry->next;
3286 	}
3287 	vm_map_unlock(map);
3288 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (OK)",0,0,0,0);
3289 	return 0;
3290 }
3291 
3292 /*
3293  * uvm_map_advice: set advice code for range of addrs in map.
3294  *
3295  * => map must be unlocked
3296  */
3297 
3298 int
3299 uvm_map_advice(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end, int new_advice)
3300 {
3301 	struct vm_map_entry *entry, *temp_entry;
3302 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_map_advice"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
3303 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"(map=0x%x,start=0x%x,end=0x%x,new_adv=0x%x)",
3304 	    map, start, end, new_advice);
3305 
3306 	vm_map_lock(map);
3307 	VM_MAP_RANGE_CHECK(map, start, end);
3308 	if (uvm_map_lookup_entry(map, start, &temp_entry)) {
3309 		entry = temp_entry;
3310 		UVM_MAP_CLIP_START(map, entry, start, NULL);
3311 	} else {
3312 		entry = temp_entry->next;
3313 	}
3314 
3315 	/*
3316 	 * XXXJRT: disallow holes?
3317 	 */
3318 
3319 	while ((entry != &map->header) && (entry->start < end)) {
3320 		UVM_MAP_CLIP_END(map, entry, end, NULL);
3321 
3322 		switch (new_advice) {
3323 		case MADV_NORMAL:
3324 		case MADV_RANDOM:
3325 		case MADV_SEQUENTIAL:
3326 			/* nothing special here */
3327 			break;
3328 
3329 		default:
3330 			vm_map_unlock(map);
3331 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (INVALID ARG)",0,0,0,0);
3332 			return EINVAL;
3333 		}
3334 		entry->advice = new_advice;
3335 		entry = entry->next;
3336 	}
3337 
3338 	vm_map_unlock(map);
3339 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (OK)",0,0,0,0);
3340 	return 0;
3341 }
3342 
3343 /*
3344  * uvm_map_willneed: apply MADV_WILLNEED
3345  */
3346 
3347 int
3348 uvm_map_willneed(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end)
3349 {
3350 	struct vm_map_entry *entry;
3351 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_map_willneed"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
3352 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"(map=0x%lx,start=0x%lx,end=0x%lx)",
3353 	    map, start, end, 0);
3354 
3355 	vm_map_lock_read(map);
3356 	VM_MAP_RANGE_CHECK(map, start, end);
3357 	if (!uvm_map_lookup_entry(map, start, &entry)) {
3358 		entry = entry->next;
3359 	}
3360 	while (entry->start < end) {
3361 		struct vm_amap * const amap = entry->aref.ar_amap;
3362 		struct uvm_object * const uobj = entry->object.uvm_obj;
3363 
3364 		KASSERT(entry != &map->header);
3365 		KASSERT(start < entry->end);
3366 		/*
3367 		 * XXX IMPLEMENT ME.
3368 		 * Should invent a "weak" mode for uvm_fault()
3369 		 * which would only do the PGO_LOCKED pgo_get().
3370 		 *
3371 		 * for now, we handle only the easy but common case.
3372 		 */
3373 		if (UVM_ET_ISOBJ(entry) && amap == NULL && uobj != NULL) {
3374 			off_t offset;
3375 			off_t size;
3376 
3377 			offset = entry->offset;
3378 			if (start < entry->start) {
3379 				offset += entry->start - start;
3380 			}
3381 			size = entry->offset + (entry->end - entry->start);
3382 			if (entry->end < end) {
3383 				size -= end - entry->end;
3384 			}
3385 			uvm_readahead(uobj, offset, size);
3386 		}
3387 		entry = entry->next;
3388 	}
3389 	vm_map_unlock_read(map);
3390 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (OK)",0,0,0,0);
3391 	return 0;
3392 }
3393 
3394 /*
3395  * uvm_map_pageable: sets the pageability of a range in a map.
3396  *
3397  * => wires map entries.  should not be used for transient page locking.
3398  *	for that, use uvm_fault_wire()/uvm_fault_unwire() (see uvm_vslock()).
3399  * => regions specified as not pageable require lock-down (wired) memory
3400  *	and page tables.
3401  * => map must never be read-locked
3402  * => if islocked is true, map is already write-locked
3403  * => we always unlock the map, since we must downgrade to a read-lock
3404  *	to call uvm_fault_wire()
3405  * => XXXCDC: check this and try and clean it up.
3406  */
3407 
3408 int
3409 uvm_map_pageable(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end,
3410     bool new_pageable, int lockflags)
3411 {
3412 	struct vm_map_entry *entry, *start_entry, *failed_entry;
3413 	int rv;
3414 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
3415 	u_int timestamp_save;
3416 #endif
3417 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_map_pageable"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
3418 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"(map=0x%x,start=0x%x,end=0x%x,new_pageable=0x%x)",
3419 		    map, start, end, new_pageable);
3420 	KASSERT(map->flags & VM_MAP_PAGEABLE);
3421 
3422 	if ((lockflags & UVM_LK_ENTER) == 0)
3423 		vm_map_lock(map);
3424 	VM_MAP_RANGE_CHECK(map, start, end);
3425 
3426 	/*
3427 	 * only one pageability change may take place at one time, since
3428 	 * uvm_fault_wire assumes it will be called only once for each
3429 	 * wiring/unwiring.  therefore, we have to make sure we're actually
3430 	 * changing the pageability for the entire region.  we do so before
3431 	 * making any changes.
3432 	 */
3433 
3434 	if (uvm_map_lookup_entry(map, start, &start_entry) == false) {
3435 		if ((lockflags & UVM_LK_EXIT) == 0)
3436 			vm_map_unlock(map);
3437 
3438 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (fault)",0,0,0,0);
3439 		return EFAULT;
3440 	}
3441 	entry = start_entry;
3442 
3443 	/*
3444 	 * handle wiring and unwiring separately.
3445 	 */
3446 
3447 	if (new_pageable) {		/* unwire */
3448 		UVM_MAP_CLIP_START(map, entry, start, NULL);
3449 
3450 		/*
3451 		 * unwiring.  first ensure that the range to be unwired is
3452 		 * really wired down and that there are no holes.
3453 		 */
3454 
3455 		while ((entry != &map->header) && (entry->start < end)) {
3456 			if (entry->wired_count == 0 ||
3457 			    (entry->end < end &&
3458 			     (entry->next == &map->header ||
3459 			      entry->next->start > entry->end))) {
3460 				if ((lockflags & UVM_LK_EXIT) == 0)
3461 					vm_map_unlock(map);
3462 				UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- done (INVAL)",0,0,0,0);
3463 				return EINVAL;
3464 			}
3465 			entry = entry->next;
3466 		}
3467 
3468 		/*
3469 		 * POSIX 1003.1b - a single munlock call unlocks a region,
3470 		 * regardless of the number of mlock calls made on that
3471 		 * region.
3472 		 */
3473 
3474 		entry = start_entry;
3475 		while ((entry != &map->header) && (entry->start < end)) {
3476 			UVM_MAP_CLIP_END(map, entry, end, NULL);
3477 			if (VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(entry))
3478 				uvm_map_entry_unwire(map, entry);
3479 			entry = entry->next;
3480 		}
3481 		if ((lockflags & UVM_LK_EXIT) == 0)
3482 			vm_map_unlock(map);
3483 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (OK UNWIRE)",0,0,0,0);
3484 		return 0;
3485 	}
3486 
3487 	/*
3488 	 * wire case: in two passes [XXXCDC: ugly block of code here]
3489 	 *
3490 	 * 1: holding the write lock, we create any anonymous maps that need
3491 	 *    to be created.  then we clip each map entry to the region to
3492 	 *    be wired and increment its wiring count.
3493 	 *
3494 	 * 2: we downgrade to a read lock, and call uvm_fault_wire to fault
3495 	 *    in the pages for any newly wired area (wired_count == 1).
3496 	 *
3497 	 *    downgrading to a read lock for uvm_fault_wire avoids a possible
3498 	 *    deadlock with another thread that may have faulted on one of
3499 	 *    the pages to be wired (it would mark the page busy, blocking
3500 	 *    us, then in turn block on the map lock that we hold).  because
3501 	 *    of problems in the recursive lock package, we cannot upgrade
3502 	 *    to a write lock in vm_map_lookup.  thus, any actions that
3503 	 *    require the write lock must be done beforehand.  because we
3504 	 *    keep the read lock on the map, the copy-on-write status of the
3505 	 *    entries we modify here cannot change.
3506 	 */
3507 
3508 	while ((entry != &map->header) && (entry->start < end)) {
3509 		if (VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(entry) == 0) { /* not already wired? */
3510 
3511 			/*
3512 			 * perform actions of vm_map_lookup that need the
3513 			 * write lock on the map: create an anonymous map
3514 			 * for a copy-on-write region, or an anonymous map
3515 			 * for a zero-fill region.  (XXXCDC: submap case
3516 			 * ok?)
3517 			 */
3518 
3519 			if (!UVM_ET_ISSUBMAP(entry)) {  /* not submap */
3520 				if (UVM_ET_ISNEEDSCOPY(entry) &&
3521 				    ((entry->max_protection & VM_PROT_WRITE) ||
3522 				     (entry->object.uvm_obj == NULL))) {
3523 					amap_copy(map, entry, 0, start, end);
3524 					/* XXXCDC: wait OK? */
3525 				}
3526 			}
3527 		}
3528 		UVM_MAP_CLIP_START(map, entry, start, NULL);
3529 		UVM_MAP_CLIP_END(map, entry, end, NULL);
3530 		entry->wired_count++;
3531 
3532 		/*
3533 		 * Check for holes
3534 		 */
3535 
3536 		if (entry->protection == VM_PROT_NONE ||
3537 		    (entry->end < end &&
3538 		     (entry->next == &map->header ||
3539 		      entry->next->start > entry->end))) {
3540 
3541 			/*
3542 			 * found one.  amap creation actions do not need to
3543 			 * be undone, but the wired counts need to be restored.
3544 			 */
3545 
3546 			while (entry != &map->header && entry->end > start) {
3547 				entry->wired_count--;
3548 				entry = entry->prev;
3549 			}
3550 			if ((lockflags & UVM_LK_EXIT) == 0)
3551 				vm_map_unlock(map);
3552 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (INVALID WIRE)",0,0,0,0);
3553 			return EINVAL;
3554 		}
3555 		entry = entry->next;
3556 	}
3557 
3558 	/*
3559 	 * Pass 2.
3560 	 */
3561 
3562 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
3563 	timestamp_save = map->timestamp;
3564 #endif
3565 	vm_map_busy(map);
3566 	vm_map_unlock(map);
3567 
3568 	rv = 0;
3569 	entry = start_entry;
3570 	while (entry != &map->header && entry->start < end) {
3571 		if (entry->wired_count == 1) {
3572 			rv = uvm_fault_wire(map, entry->start, entry->end,
3573 			    entry->max_protection, 1);
3574 			if (rv) {
3575 
3576 				/*
3577 				 * wiring failed.  break out of the loop.
3578 				 * we'll clean up the map below, once we
3579 				 * have a write lock again.
3580 				 */
3581 
3582 				break;
3583 			}
3584 		}
3585 		entry = entry->next;
3586 	}
3587 
3588 	if (rv) {	/* failed? */
3589 
3590 		/*
3591 		 * Get back to an exclusive (write) lock.
3592 		 */
3593 
3594 		vm_map_lock(map);
3595 		vm_map_unbusy(map);
3596 
3597 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
3598 		if (timestamp_save + 1 != map->timestamp)
3599 			panic("uvm_map_pageable: stale map");
3600 #endif
3601 
3602 		/*
3603 		 * first drop the wiring count on all the entries
3604 		 * which haven't actually been wired yet.
3605 		 */
3606 
3607 		failed_entry = entry;
3608 		while (entry != &map->header && entry->start < end) {
3609 			entry->wired_count--;
3610 			entry = entry->next;
3611 		}
3612 
3613 		/*
3614 		 * now, unwire all the entries that were successfully
3615 		 * wired above.
3616 		 */
3617 
3618 		entry = start_entry;
3619 		while (entry != failed_entry) {
3620 			entry->wired_count--;
3621 			if (VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(entry) == 0)
3622 				uvm_map_entry_unwire(map, entry);
3623 			entry = entry->next;
3624 		}
3625 		if ((lockflags & UVM_LK_EXIT) == 0)
3626 			vm_map_unlock(map);
3627 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- done (RV=%d)", rv,0,0,0);
3628 		return (rv);
3629 	}
3630 
3631 	if ((lockflags & UVM_LK_EXIT) == 0) {
3632 		vm_map_unbusy(map);
3633 	} else {
3634 
3635 		/*
3636 		 * Get back to an exclusive (write) lock.
3637 		 */
3638 
3639 		vm_map_lock(map);
3640 		vm_map_unbusy(map);
3641 	}
3642 
3643 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (OK WIRE)",0,0,0,0);
3644 	return 0;
3645 }
3646 
3647 /*
3648  * uvm_map_pageable_all: special case of uvm_map_pageable - affects
3649  * all mapped regions.
3650  *
3651  * => map must not be locked.
3652  * => if no flags are specified, all regions are unwired.
3653  * => XXXJRT: has some of the same problems as uvm_map_pageable() above.
3654  */
3655 
3656 int
3657 uvm_map_pageable_all(struct vm_map *map, int flags, vsize_t limit)
3658 {
3659 	struct vm_map_entry *entry, *failed_entry;
3660 	vsize_t size;
3661 	int rv;
3662 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
3663 	u_int timestamp_save;
3664 #endif
3665 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_map_pageable_all"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
3666 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"(map=0x%x,flags=0x%x)", map, flags, 0, 0);
3667 
3668 	KASSERT(map->flags & VM_MAP_PAGEABLE);
3669 
3670 	vm_map_lock(map);
3671 
3672 	/*
3673 	 * handle wiring and unwiring separately.
3674 	 */
3675 
3676 	if (flags == 0) {			/* unwire */
3677 
3678 		/*
3679 		 * POSIX 1003.1b -- munlockall unlocks all regions,
3680 		 * regardless of how many times mlockall has been called.
3681 		 */
3682 
3683 		for (entry = map->header.next; entry != &map->header;
3684 		     entry = entry->next) {
3685 			if (VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(entry))
3686 				uvm_map_entry_unwire(map, entry);
3687 		}
3688 		map->flags &= ~VM_MAP_WIREFUTURE;
3689 		vm_map_unlock(map);
3690 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (OK UNWIRE)",0,0,0,0);
3691 		return 0;
3692 	}
3693 
3694 	if (flags & MCL_FUTURE) {
3695 
3696 		/*
3697 		 * must wire all future mappings; remember this.
3698 		 */
3699 
3700 		map->flags |= VM_MAP_WIREFUTURE;
3701 	}
3702 
3703 	if ((flags & MCL_CURRENT) == 0) {
3704 
3705 		/*
3706 		 * no more work to do!
3707 		 */
3708 
3709 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (OK no wire)",0,0,0,0);
3710 		vm_map_unlock(map);
3711 		return 0;
3712 	}
3713 
3714 	/*
3715 	 * wire case: in three passes [XXXCDC: ugly block of code here]
3716 	 *
3717 	 * 1: holding the write lock, count all pages mapped by non-wired
3718 	 *    entries.  if this would cause us to go over our limit, we fail.
3719 	 *
3720 	 * 2: still holding the write lock, we create any anonymous maps that
3721 	 *    need to be created.  then we increment its wiring count.
3722 	 *
3723 	 * 3: we downgrade to a read lock, and call uvm_fault_wire to fault
3724 	 *    in the pages for any newly wired area (wired_count == 1).
3725 	 *
3726 	 *    downgrading to a read lock for uvm_fault_wire avoids a possible
3727 	 *    deadlock with another thread that may have faulted on one of
3728 	 *    the pages to be wired (it would mark the page busy, blocking
3729 	 *    us, then in turn block on the map lock that we hold).  because
3730 	 *    of problems in the recursive lock package, we cannot upgrade
3731 	 *    to a write lock in vm_map_lookup.  thus, any actions that
3732 	 *    require the write lock must be done beforehand.  because we
3733 	 *    keep the read lock on the map, the copy-on-write status of the
3734 	 *    entries we modify here cannot change.
3735 	 */
3736 
3737 	for (size = 0, entry = map->header.next; entry != &map->header;
3738 	     entry = entry->next) {
3739 		if (entry->protection != VM_PROT_NONE &&
3740 		    VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(entry) == 0) { /* not already wired? */
3741 			size += entry->end - entry->start;
3742 		}
3743 	}
3744 
3745 	if (atop(size) + uvmexp.wired > uvmexp.wiredmax) {
3746 		vm_map_unlock(map);
3747 		return ENOMEM;
3748 	}
3749 
3750 	if (limit != 0 &&
3751 	    (size + ptoa(pmap_wired_count(vm_map_pmap(map))) > limit)) {
3752 		vm_map_unlock(map);
3753 		return ENOMEM;
3754 	}
3755 
3756 	/*
3757 	 * Pass 2.
3758 	 */
3759 
3760 	for (entry = map->header.next; entry != &map->header;
3761 	     entry = entry->next) {
3762 		if (entry->protection == VM_PROT_NONE)
3763 			continue;
3764 		if (VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(entry) == 0) { /* not already wired? */
3765 
3766 			/*
3767 			 * perform actions of vm_map_lookup that need the
3768 			 * write lock on the map: create an anonymous map
3769 			 * for a copy-on-write region, or an anonymous map
3770 			 * for a zero-fill region.  (XXXCDC: submap case
3771 			 * ok?)
3772 			 */
3773 
3774 			if (!UVM_ET_ISSUBMAP(entry)) {	/* not submap */
3775 				if (UVM_ET_ISNEEDSCOPY(entry) &&
3776 				    ((entry->max_protection & VM_PROT_WRITE) ||
3777 				     (entry->object.uvm_obj == NULL))) {
3778 					amap_copy(map, entry, 0, entry->start,
3779 					    entry->end);
3780 					/* XXXCDC: wait OK? */
3781 				}
3782 			}
3783 		}
3784 		entry->wired_count++;
3785 	}
3786 
3787 	/*
3788 	 * Pass 3.
3789 	 */
3790 
3791 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
3792 	timestamp_save = map->timestamp;
3793 #endif
3794 	vm_map_busy(map);
3795 	vm_map_unlock(map);
3796 
3797 	rv = 0;
3798 	for (entry = map->header.next; entry != &map->header;
3799 	     entry = entry->next) {
3800 		if (entry->wired_count == 1) {
3801 			rv = uvm_fault_wire(map, entry->start, entry->end,
3802 			    entry->max_protection, 1);
3803 			if (rv) {
3804 
3805 				/*
3806 				 * wiring failed.  break out of the loop.
3807 				 * we'll clean up the map below, once we
3808 				 * have a write lock again.
3809 				 */
3810 
3811 				break;
3812 			}
3813 		}
3814 	}
3815 
3816 	if (rv) {
3817 
3818 		/*
3819 		 * Get back an exclusive (write) lock.
3820 		 */
3821 
3822 		vm_map_lock(map);
3823 		vm_map_unbusy(map);
3824 
3825 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
3826 		if (timestamp_save + 1 != map->timestamp)
3827 			panic("uvm_map_pageable_all: stale map");
3828 #endif
3829 
3830 		/*
3831 		 * first drop the wiring count on all the entries
3832 		 * which haven't actually been wired yet.
3833 		 *
3834 		 * Skip VM_PROT_NONE entries like we did above.
3835 		 */
3836 
3837 		failed_entry = entry;
3838 		for (/* nothing */; entry != &map->header;
3839 		     entry = entry->next) {
3840 			if (entry->protection == VM_PROT_NONE)
3841 				continue;
3842 			entry->wired_count--;
3843 		}
3844 
3845 		/*
3846 		 * now, unwire all the entries that were successfully
3847 		 * wired above.
3848 		 *
3849 		 * Skip VM_PROT_NONE entries like we did above.
3850 		 */
3851 
3852 		for (entry = map->header.next; entry != failed_entry;
3853 		     entry = entry->next) {
3854 			if (entry->protection == VM_PROT_NONE)
3855 				continue;
3856 			entry->wired_count--;
3857 			if (VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(entry))
3858 				uvm_map_entry_unwire(map, entry);
3859 		}
3860 		vm_map_unlock(map);
3861 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (RV=%d)", rv,0,0,0);
3862 		return (rv);
3863 	}
3864 
3865 	vm_map_unbusy(map);
3866 
3867 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (OK WIRE)",0,0,0,0);
3868 	return 0;
3869 }
3870 
3871 /*
3872  * uvm_map_clean: clean out a map range
3873  *
3874  * => valid flags:
3875  *   if (flags & PGO_CLEANIT): dirty pages are cleaned first
3876  *   if (flags & PGO_SYNCIO): dirty pages are written synchronously
3877  *   if (flags & PGO_DEACTIVATE): any cached pages are deactivated after clean
3878  *   if (flags & PGO_FREE): any cached pages are freed after clean
3879  * => returns an error if any part of the specified range isn't mapped
3880  * => never a need to flush amap layer since the anonymous memory has
3881  *	no permanent home, but may deactivate pages there
3882  * => called from sys_msync() and sys_madvise()
3883  * => caller must not write-lock map (read OK).
3884  * => we may sleep while cleaning if SYNCIO [with map read-locked]
3885  */
3886 
3887 int
3888 uvm_map_clean(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end, int flags)
3889 {
3890 	struct vm_map_entry *current, *entry;
3891 	struct uvm_object *uobj;
3892 	struct vm_amap *amap;
3893 	struct vm_anon *anon;
3894 	struct vm_page *pg;
3895 	vaddr_t offset;
3896 	vsize_t size;
3897 	voff_t uoff;
3898 	int error, refs;
3899 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_map_clean"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
3900 
3901 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"(map=0x%x,start=0x%x,end=0x%x,flags=0x%x)",
3902 		    map, start, end, flags);
3903 	KASSERT((flags & (PGO_FREE|PGO_DEACTIVATE)) !=
3904 		(PGO_FREE|PGO_DEACTIVATE));
3905 
3906 	vm_map_lock_read(map);
3907 	VM_MAP_RANGE_CHECK(map, start, end);
3908 	if (uvm_map_lookup_entry(map, start, &entry) == false) {
3909 		vm_map_unlock_read(map);
3910 		return EFAULT;
3911 	}
3912 
3913 	/*
3914 	 * Make a first pass to check for holes and wiring problems.
3915 	 */
3916 
3917 	for (current = entry; current->start < end; current = current->next) {
3918 		if (UVM_ET_ISSUBMAP(current)) {
3919 			vm_map_unlock_read(map);
3920 			return EINVAL;
3921 		}
3922 		if ((flags & PGO_FREE) != 0 && VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(entry)) {
3923 			vm_map_unlock_read(map);
3924 			return EBUSY;
3925 		}
3926 		if (end <= current->end) {
3927 			break;
3928 		}
3929 		if (current->end != current->next->start) {
3930 			vm_map_unlock_read(map);
3931 			return EFAULT;
3932 		}
3933 	}
3934 
3935 	error = 0;
3936 	for (current = entry; start < end; current = current->next) {
3937 		amap = current->aref.ar_amap;	/* upper layer */
3938 		uobj = current->object.uvm_obj;	/* lower layer */
3939 		KASSERT(start >= current->start);
3940 
3941 		/*
3942 		 * No amap cleaning necessary if:
3943 		 *
3944 		 *	(1) There's no amap.
3945 		 *
3946 		 *	(2) We're not deactivating or freeing pages.
3947 		 */
3948 
3949 		if (amap == NULL || (flags & (PGO_DEACTIVATE|PGO_FREE)) == 0)
3950 			goto flush_object;
3951 
3952 		amap_lock(amap);
3953 		offset = start - current->start;
3954 		size = MIN(end, current->end) - start;
3955 		for ( ; size != 0; size -= PAGE_SIZE, offset += PAGE_SIZE) {
3956 			anon = amap_lookup(&current->aref, offset);
3957 			if (anon == NULL)
3958 				continue;
3959 
3960 			mutex_enter(&anon->an_lock);
3961 			pg = anon->an_page;
3962 			if (pg == NULL) {
3963 				mutex_exit(&anon->an_lock);
3964 				continue;
3965 			}
3966 
3967 			switch (flags & (PGO_CLEANIT|PGO_FREE|PGO_DEACTIVATE)) {
3968 
3969 			/*
3970 			 * In these first 3 cases, we just deactivate the page.
3971 			 */
3972 
3973 			case PGO_CLEANIT|PGO_FREE:
3974 			case PGO_CLEANIT|PGO_DEACTIVATE:
3975 			case PGO_DEACTIVATE:
3976  deactivate_it:
3977 				/*
3978 				 * skip the page if it's loaned or wired,
3979 				 * since it shouldn't be on a paging queue
3980 				 * at all in these cases.
3981 				 */
3982 
3983 				mutex_enter(&uvm_pageqlock);
3984 				if (pg->loan_count != 0 ||
3985 				    pg->wire_count != 0) {
3986 					mutex_exit(&uvm_pageqlock);
3987 					mutex_exit(&anon->an_lock);
3988 					continue;
3989 				}
3990 				KASSERT(pg->uanon == anon);
3991 				uvm_pagedeactivate(pg);
3992 				mutex_exit(&uvm_pageqlock);
3993 				mutex_exit(&anon->an_lock);
3994 				continue;
3995 
3996 			case PGO_FREE:
3997 
3998 				/*
3999 				 * If there are multiple references to
4000 				 * the amap, just deactivate the page.
4001 				 */
4002 
4003 				if (amap_refs(amap) > 1)
4004 					goto deactivate_it;
4005 
4006 				/* skip the page if it's wired */
4007 				if (pg->wire_count != 0) {
4008 					mutex_exit(&anon->an_lock);
4009 					continue;
4010 				}
4011 				amap_unadd(&current->aref, offset);
4012 				refs = --anon->an_ref;
4013 				mutex_exit(&anon->an_lock);
4014 				if (refs == 0)
4015 					uvm_anfree(anon);
4016 				continue;
4017 			}
4018 		}
4019 		amap_unlock(amap);
4020 
4021  flush_object:
4022 		/*
4023 		 * flush pages if we've got a valid backing object.
4024 		 * note that we must always clean object pages before
4025 		 * freeing them since otherwise we could reveal stale
4026 		 * data from files.
4027 		 */
4028 
4029 		uoff = current->offset + (start - current->start);
4030 		size = MIN(end, current->end) - start;
4031 		if (uobj != NULL) {
4032 			mutex_enter(&uobj->vmobjlock);
4033 			if (uobj->pgops->pgo_put != NULL)
4034 				error = (uobj->pgops->pgo_put)(uobj, uoff,
4035 				    uoff + size, flags | PGO_CLEANIT);
4036 			else
4037 				error = 0;
4038 		}
4039 		start += size;
4040 	}
4041 	vm_map_unlock_read(map);
4042 	return (error);
4043 }
4044 
4045 
4046 /*
4047  * uvm_map_checkprot: check protection in map
4048  *
4049  * => must allow specified protection in a fully allocated region.
4050  * => map must be read or write locked by caller.
4051  */
4052 
4053 bool
4054 uvm_map_checkprot(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end,
4055     vm_prot_t protection)
4056 {
4057 	struct vm_map_entry *entry;
4058 	struct vm_map_entry *tmp_entry;
4059 
4060 	if (!uvm_map_lookup_entry(map, start, &tmp_entry)) {
4061 		return (false);
4062 	}
4063 	entry = tmp_entry;
4064 	while (start < end) {
4065 		if (entry == &map->header) {
4066 			return (false);
4067 		}
4068 
4069 		/*
4070 		 * no holes allowed
4071 		 */
4072 
4073 		if (start < entry->start) {
4074 			return (false);
4075 		}
4076 
4077 		/*
4078 		 * check protection associated with entry
4079 		 */
4080 
4081 		if ((entry->protection & protection) != protection) {
4082 			return (false);
4083 		}
4084 		start = entry->end;
4085 		entry = entry->next;
4086 	}
4087 	return (true);
4088 }
4089 
4090 /*
4091  * uvmspace_alloc: allocate a vmspace structure.
4092  *
4093  * - structure includes vm_map and pmap
4094  * - XXX: no locking on this structure
4095  * - refcnt set to 1, rest must be init'd by caller
4096  */
4097 struct vmspace *
4098 uvmspace_alloc(vaddr_t vmin, vaddr_t vmax)
4099 {
4100 	struct vmspace *vm;
4101 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvmspace_alloc"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
4102 
4103 	vm = pool_cache_get(&uvm_vmspace_cache, PR_WAITOK);
4104 	uvmspace_init(vm, NULL, vmin, vmax);
4105 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done (vm=0x%x)", vm,0,0,0);
4106 	return (vm);
4107 }
4108 
4109 /*
4110  * uvmspace_init: initialize a vmspace structure.
4111  *
4112  * - XXX: no locking on this structure
4113  * - refcnt set to 1, rest must be init'd by caller
4114  */
4115 void
4116 uvmspace_init(struct vmspace *vm, struct pmap *pmap, vaddr_t vmin, vaddr_t vmax)
4117 {
4118 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvmspace_init"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
4119 
4120 	memset(vm, 0, sizeof(*vm));
4121 	uvm_map_setup(&vm->vm_map, vmin, vmax, VM_MAP_PAGEABLE
4122 #ifdef __USING_TOPDOWN_VM
4123 	    | VM_MAP_TOPDOWN
4124 #endif
4125 	    );
4126 	if (pmap)
4127 		pmap_reference(pmap);
4128 	else
4129 		pmap = pmap_create();
4130 	vm->vm_map.pmap = pmap;
4131 	vm->vm_refcnt = 1;
4132 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done",0,0,0,0);
4133 }
4134 
4135 /*
4136  * uvmspace_share: share a vmspace between two processes
4137  *
4138  * - used for vfork, threads(?)
4139  */
4140 
4141 void
4142 uvmspace_share(struct proc *p1, struct proc *p2)
4143 {
4144 
4145 	uvmspace_addref(p1->p_vmspace);
4146 	p2->p_vmspace = p1->p_vmspace;
4147 }
4148 
4149 #if 0
4150 
4151 /*
4152  * uvmspace_unshare: ensure that process "p" has its own, unshared, vmspace
4153  *
4154  * - XXX: no locking on vmspace
4155  */
4156 
4157 void
4158 uvmspace_unshare(struct lwp *l)
4159 {
4160 	struct proc *p = l->l_proc;
4161 	struct vmspace *nvm, *ovm = p->p_vmspace;
4162 
4163 	if (ovm->vm_refcnt == 1)
4164 		/* nothing to do: vmspace isn't shared in the first place */
4165 		return;
4166 
4167 	/* make a new vmspace, still holding old one */
4168 	nvm = uvmspace_fork(ovm);
4169 
4170 	kpreempt_disable();
4171 	pmap_deactivate(l);		/* unbind old vmspace */
4172 	p->p_vmspace = nvm;
4173 	pmap_activate(l);		/* switch to new vmspace */
4174 	kpreempt_enable();
4175 
4176 	uvmspace_free(ovm);		/* drop reference to old vmspace */
4177 }
4178 
4179 #endif
4180 
4181 /*
4182  * uvmspace_exec: the process wants to exec a new program
4183  */
4184 
4185 void
4186 uvmspace_exec(struct lwp *l, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end)
4187 {
4188 	struct proc *p = l->l_proc;
4189 	struct vmspace *nvm, *ovm = p->p_vmspace;
4190 	struct vm_map *map = &ovm->vm_map;
4191 
4192 #ifdef __sparc__
4193 	/* XXX cgd 960926: the sparc #ifdef should be a MD hook */
4194 	kill_user_windows(l);   /* before stack addresses go away */
4195 #endif
4196 
4197 	/*
4198 	 * see if more than one process is using this vmspace...
4199 	 */
4200 
4201 	if (ovm->vm_refcnt == 1) {
4202 
4203 		/*
4204 		 * if p is the only process using its vmspace then we can safely
4205 		 * recycle that vmspace for the program that is being exec'd.
4206 		 */
4207 
4208 #ifdef SYSVSHM
4209 		/*
4210 		 * SYSV SHM semantics require us to kill all segments on an exec
4211 		 */
4212 
4213 		if (ovm->vm_shm)
4214 			shmexit(ovm);
4215 #endif
4216 
4217 		/*
4218 		 * POSIX 1003.1b -- "lock future mappings" is revoked
4219 		 * when a process execs another program image.
4220 		 */
4221 
4222 		map->flags &= ~VM_MAP_WIREFUTURE;
4223 
4224 		/*
4225 		 * now unmap the old program
4226 		 */
4227 
4228 		pmap_remove_all(map->pmap);
4229 		uvm_unmap(map, vm_map_min(map), vm_map_max(map));
4230 		KASSERT(map->header.prev == &map->header);
4231 		KASSERT(map->nentries == 0);
4232 
4233 		/*
4234 		 * resize the map
4235 		 */
4236 
4237 		vm_map_setmin(map, start);
4238 		vm_map_setmax(map, end);
4239 	} else {
4240 
4241 		/*
4242 		 * p's vmspace is being shared, so we can't reuse it for p since
4243 		 * it is still being used for others.   allocate a new vmspace
4244 		 * for p
4245 		 */
4246 
4247 		nvm = uvmspace_alloc(start, end);
4248 
4249 		/*
4250 		 * install new vmspace and drop our ref to the old one.
4251 		 */
4252 
4253 		kpreempt_disable();
4254 		pmap_deactivate(l);
4255 		p->p_vmspace = nvm;
4256 		pmap_activate(l);
4257 		kpreempt_enable();
4258 
4259 		uvmspace_free(ovm);
4260 	}
4261 }
4262 
4263 /*
4264  * uvmspace_addref: add a referece to a vmspace.
4265  */
4266 
4267 void
4268 uvmspace_addref(struct vmspace *vm)
4269 {
4270 	struct vm_map *map = &vm->vm_map;
4271 
4272 	KASSERT((map->flags & VM_MAP_DYING) == 0);
4273 
4274 	mutex_enter(&map->misc_lock);
4275 	KASSERT(vm->vm_refcnt > 0);
4276 	vm->vm_refcnt++;
4277 	mutex_exit(&map->misc_lock);
4278 }
4279 
4280 /*
4281  * uvmspace_free: free a vmspace data structure
4282  */
4283 
4284 void
4285 uvmspace_free(struct vmspace *vm)
4286 {
4287 	struct vm_map_entry *dead_entries;
4288 	struct vm_map *map = &vm->vm_map;
4289 	int n;
4290 
4291 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvmspace_free"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
4292 
4293 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"(vm=0x%x) ref=%d", vm, vm->vm_refcnt,0,0);
4294 	mutex_enter(&map->misc_lock);
4295 	n = --vm->vm_refcnt;
4296 	mutex_exit(&map->misc_lock);
4297 	if (n > 0)
4298 		return;
4299 
4300 	/*
4301 	 * at this point, there should be no other references to the map.
4302 	 * delete all of the mappings, then destroy the pmap.
4303 	 */
4304 
4305 	map->flags |= VM_MAP_DYING;
4306 	pmap_remove_all(map->pmap);
4307 #ifdef SYSVSHM
4308 	/* Get rid of any SYSV shared memory segments. */
4309 	if (vm->vm_shm != NULL)
4310 		shmexit(vm);
4311 #endif
4312 	if (map->nentries) {
4313 		uvm_unmap_remove(map, vm_map_min(map), vm_map_max(map),
4314 		    &dead_entries, NULL, 0);
4315 		if (dead_entries != NULL)
4316 			uvm_unmap_detach(dead_entries, 0);
4317 	}
4318 	KASSERT(map->nentries == 0);
4319 	KASSERT(map->size == 0);
4320 	mutex_destroy(&map->misc_lock);
4321 	mutex_destroy(&map->mutex);
4322 	rw_destroy(&map->lock);
4323 	cv_destroy(&map->cv);
4324 	pmap_destroy(map->pmap);
4325 	pool_cache_put(&uvm_vmspace_cache, vm);
4326 }
4327 
4328 /*
4329  *   F O R K   -   m a i n   e n t r y   p o i n t
4330  */
4331 /*
4332  * uvmspace_fork: fork a process' main map
4333  *
4334  * => create a new vmspace for child process from parent.
4335  * => parent's map must not be locked.
4336  */
4337 
4338 struct vmspace *
4339 uvmspace_fork(struct vmspace *vm1)
4340 {
4341 	struct vmspace *vm2;
4342 	struct vm_map *old_map = &vm1->vm_map;
4343 	struct vm_map *new_map;
4344 	struct vm_map_entry *old_entry;
4345 	struct vm_map_entry *new_entry;
4346 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvmspace_fork"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
4347 
4348 	vm_map_lock(old_map);
4349 
4350 	vm2 = uvmspace_alloc(vm_map_min(old_map), vm_map_max(old_map));
4351 	memcpy(&vm2->vm_startcopy, &vm1->vm_startcopy,
4352 	    (char *) (vm1 + 1) - (char *) &vm1->vm_startcopy);
4353 	new_map = &vm2->vm_map;		  /* XXX */
4354 
4355 	old_entry = old_map->header.next;
4356 	new_map->size = old_map->size;
4357 
4358 	/*
4359 	 * go entry-by-entry
4360 	 */
4361 
4362 	while (old_entry != &old_map->header) {
4363 
4364 		/*
4365 		 * first, some sanity checks on the old entry
4366 		 */
4367 
4368 		KASSERT(!UVM_ET_ISSUBMAP(old_entry));
4369 		KASSERT(UVM_ET_ISCOPYONWRITE(old_entry) ||
4370 			!UVM_ET_ISNEEDSCOPY(old_entry));
4371 
4372 		switch (old_entry->inheritance) {
4373 		case MAP_INHERIT_NONE:
4374 
4375 			/*
4376 			 * drop the mapping, modify size
4377 			 */
4378 			new_map->size -= old_entry->end - old_entry->start;
4379 			break;
4380 
4381 		case MAP_INHERIT_SHARE:
4382 
4383 			/*
4384 			 * share the mapping: this means we want the old and
4385 			 * new entries to share amaps and backing objects.
4386 			 */
4387 			/*
4388 			 * if the old_entry needs a new amap (due to prev fork)
4389 			 * then we need to allocate it now so that we have
4390 			 * something we own to share with the new_entry.   [in
4391 			 * other words, we need to clear needs_copy]
4392 			 */
4393 
4394 			if (UVM_ET_ISNEEDSCOPY(old_entry)) {
4395 				/* get our own amap, clears needs_copy */
4396 				amap_copy(old_map, old_entry, AMAP_COPY_NOCHUNK,
4397 				    0, 0);
4398 				/* XXXCDC: WAITOK??? */
4399 			}
4400 
4401 			new_entry = uvm_mapent_alloc(new_map, 0);
4402 			/* old_entry -> new_entry */
4403 			uvm_mapent_copy(old_entry, new_entry);
4404 
4405 			/* new pmap has nothing wired in it */
4406 			new_entry->wired_count = 0;
4407 
4408 			/*
4409 			 * gain reference to object backing the map (can't
4410 			 * be a submap, already checked this case).
4411 			 */
4412 
4413 			if (new_entry->aref.ar_amap)
4414 				uvm_map_reference_amap(new_entry, AMAP_SHARED);
4415 
4416 			if (new_entry->object.uvm_obj &&
4417 			    new_entry->object.uvm_obj->pgops->pgo_reference)
4418 				new_entry->object.uvm_obj->
4419 				    pgops->pgo_reference(
4420 				        new_entry->object.uvm_obj);
4421 
4422 			/* insert entry at end of new_map's entry list */
4423 			uvm_map_entry_link(new_map, new_map->header.prev,
4424 			    new_entry);
4425 
4426 			break;
4427 
4428 		case MAP_INHERIT_COPY:
4429 
4430 			/*
4431 			 * copy-on-write the mapping (using mmap's
4432 			 * MAP_PRIVATE semantics)
4433 			 *
4434 			 * allocate new_entry, adjust reference counts.
4435 			 * (note that new references are read-only).
4436 			 */
4437 
4438 			new_entry = uvm_mapent_alloc(new_map, 0);
4439 			/* old_entry -> new_entry */
4440 			uvm_mapent_copy(old_entry, new_entry);
4441 
4442 			if (new_entry->aref.ar_amap)
4443 				uvm_map_reference_amap(new_entry, 0);
4444 
4445 			if (new_entry->object.uvm_obj &&
4446 			    new_entry->object.uvm_obj->pgops->pgo_reference)
4447 				new_entry->object.uvm_obj->pgops->pgo_reference
4448 				    (new_entry->object.uvm_obj);
4449 
4450 			/* new pmap has nothing wired in it */
4451 			new_entry->wired_count = 0;
4452 
4453 			new_entry->etype |=
4454 			    (UVM_ET_COPYONWRITE|UVM_ET_NEEDSCOPY);
4455 			uvm_map_entry_link(new_map, new_map->header.prev,
4456 			    new_entry);
4457 
4458 			/*
4459 			 * the new entry will need an amap.  it will either
4460 			 * need to be copied from the old entry or created
4461 			 * from scratch (if the old entry does not have an
4462 			 * amap).  can we defer this process until later
4463 			 * (by setting "needs_copy") or do we need to copy
4464 			 * the amap now?
4465 			 *
4466 			 * we must copy the amap now if any of the following
4467 			 * conditions hold:
4468 			 * 1. the old entry has an amap and that amap is
4469 			 *    being shared.  this means that the old (parent)
4470 			 *    process is sharing the amap with another
4471 			 *    process.  if we do not clear needs_copy here
4472 			 *    we will end up in a situation where both the
4473 			 *    parent and child process are refering to the
4474 			 *    same amap with "needs_copy" set.  if the
4475 			 *    parent write-faults, the fault routine will
4476 			 *    clear "needs_copy" in the parent by allocating
4477 			 *    a new amap.   this is wrong because the
4478 			 *    parent is supposed to be sharing the old amap
4479 			 *    and the new amap will break that.
4480 			 *
4481 			 * 2. if the old entry has an amap and a non-zero
4482 			 *    wire count then we are going to have to call
4483 			 *    amap_cow_now to avoid page faults in the
4484 			 *    parent process.   since amap_cow_now requires
4485 			 *    "needs_copy" to be clear we might as well
4486 			 *    clear it here as well.
4487 			 *
4488 			 */
4489 
4490 			if (old_entry->aref.ar_amap != NULL) {
4491 				if ((amap_flags(old_entry->aref.ar_amap) &
4492 				     AMAP_SHARED) != 0 ||
4493 				    VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(old_entry)) {
4494 
4495 					amap_copy(new_map, new_entry,
4496 					    AMAP_COPY_NOCHUNK, 0, 0);
4497 					/* XXXCDC: M_WAITOK ... ok? */
4498 				}
4499 			}
4500 
4501 			/*
4502 			 * if the parent's entry is wired down, then the
4503 			 * parent process does not want page faults on
4504 			 * access to that memory.  this means that we
4505 			 * cannot do copy-on-write because we can't write
4506 			 * protect the old entry.   in this case we
4507 			 * resolve all copy-on-write faults now, using
4508 			 * amap_cow_now.   note that we have already
4509 			 * allocated any needed amap (above).
4510 			 */
4511 
4512 			if (VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(old_entry)) {
4513 
4514 			  /*
4515 			   * resolve all copy-on-write faults now
4516 			   * (note that there is nothing to do if
4517 			   * the old mapping does not have an amap).
4518 			   */
4519 			  if (old_entry->aref.ar_amap)
4520 			    amap_cow_now(new_map, new_entry);
4521 
4522 			} else {
4523 
4524 			  /*
4525 			   * setup mappings to trigger copy-on-write faults
4526 			   * we must write-protect the parent if it has
4527 			   * an amap and it is not already "needs_copy"...
4528 			   * if it is already "needs_copy" then the parent
4529 			   * has already been write-protected by a previous
4530 			   * fork operation.
4531 			   */
4532 
4533 			  if (old_entry->aref.ar_amap &&
4534 			      !UVM_ET_ISNEEDSCOPY(old_entry)) {
4535 			      if (old_entry->max_protection & VM_PROT_WRITE) {
4536 				pmap_protect(old_map->pmap,
4537 					     old_entry->start,
4538 					     old_entry->end,
4539 					     old_entry->protection &
4540 					     ~VM_PROT_WRITE);
4541 			      }
4542 			      old_entry->etype |= UVM_ET_NEEDSCOPY;
4543 			  }
4544 			}
4545 			break;
4546 		}  /* end of switch statement */
4547 		old_entry = old_entry->next;
4548 	}
4549 
4550 	pmap_update(old_map->pmap);
4551 	vm_map_unlock(old_map);
4552 
4553 #ifdef SYSVSHM
4554 	if (vm1->vm_shm)
4555 		shmfork(vm1, vm2);
4556 #endif
4557 
4558 #ifdef PMAP_FORK
4559 	pmap_fork(vm1->vm_map.pmap, vm2->vm_map.pmap);
4560 #endif
4561 
4562 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- done",0,0,0,0);
4563 	return (vm2);
4564 }
4565 
4566 
4567 /*
4568  * in-kernel map entry allocation.
4569  */
4570 
4571 struct uvm_kmapent_hdr {
4572 	LIST_ENTRY(uvm_kmapent_hdr) ukh_listq;
4573 	int ukh_nused;
4574 	struct vm_map_entry *ukh_freelist;
4575 	struct vm_map *ukh_map;
4576 	struct vm_map_entry ukh_entries[0];
4577 };
4578 
4579 #define	UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK				\
4580 	((PAGE_SIZE - sizeof(struct uvm_kmapent_hdr))	\
4581 	/ sizeof(struct vm_map_entry))
4582 
4583 #define	UVM_KHDR_FIND(entry)	\
4584 	((struct uvm_kmapent_hdr *)(((vaddr_t)entry) & ~PAGE_MASK))
4585 
4586 
4587 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
4588 static struct vm_map *
4589 uvm_kmapent_map(struct vm_map_entry *entry)
4590 {
4591 	const struct uvm_kmapent_hdr *ukh;
4592 
4593 	ukh = UVM_KHDR_FIND(entry);
4594 	return ukh->ukh_map;
4595 }
4596 #endif
4597 
4598 static inline struct vm_map_entry *
4599 uvm_kmapent_get(struct uvm_kmapent_hdr *ukh)
4600 {
4601 	struct vm_map_entry *entry;
4602 
4603 	KASSERT(ukh->ukh_nused <= UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK);
4604 	KASSERT(ukh->ukh_nused >= 0);
4605 
4606 	entry = ukh->ukh_freelist;
4607 	if (entry) {
4608 		KASSERT((entry->flags & (UVM_MAP_KERNEL | UVM_MAP_KMAPENT))
4609 		    == UVM_MAP_KERNEL);
4610 		ukh->ukh_freelist = entry->next;
4611 		ukh->ukh_nused++;
4612 		KASSERT(ukh->ukh_nused <= UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK);
4613 	} else {
4614 		KASSERT(ukh->ukh_nused == UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK);
4615 	}
4616 
4617 	return entry;
4618 }
4619 
4620 static inline void
4621 uvm_kmapent_put(struct uvm_kmapent_hdr *ukh, struct vm_map_entry *entry)
4622 {
4623 
4624 	KASSERT((entry->flags & (UVM_MAP_KERNEL | UVM_MAP_KMAPENT))
4625 	    == UVM_MAP_KERNEL);
4626 	KASSERT(ukh->ukh_nused <= UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK);
4627 	KASSERT(ukh->ukh_nused > 0);
4628 	KASSERT(ukh->ukh_freelist != NULL ||
4629 	    ukh->ukh_nused == UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK);
4630 	KASSERT(ukh->ukh_freelist == NULL ||
4631 	    ukh->ukh_nused < UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK);
4632 
4633 	ukh->ukh_nused--;
4634 	entry->next = ukh->ukh_freelist;
4635 	ukh->ukh_freelist = entry;
4636 }
4637 
4638 /*
4639  * uvm_kmapent_alloc: allocate a map entry for in-kernel map
4640  */
4641 
4642 static struct vm_map_entry *
4643 uvm_kmapent_alloc(struct vm_map *map, int flags)
4644 {
4645 	struct vm_page *pg;
4646 	struct uvm_kmapent_hdr *ukh;
4647 	struct vm_map_entry *entry;
4648 #ifndef PMAP_MAP_POOLPAGE
4649 	struct uvm_map_args args;
4650 	uvm_flag_t mapflags = UVM_MAPFLAG(UVM_PROT_ALL, UVM_PROT_ALL,
4651 	    UVM_INH_NONE, UVM_ADV_RANDOM, flags | UVM_FLAG_NOMERGE);
4652 	int error;
4653 #endif
4654 	vaddr_t va;
4655 	int i;
4656 
4657 	KDASSERT(UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK > 2);
4658 	KDASSERT(kernel_map != NULL);
4659 	KASSERT(vm_map_pmap(map) == pmap_kernel());
4660 
4661 	UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(uke_alloc);
4662 	entry = NULL;
4663 again:
4664 	/*
4665 	 * try to grab an entry from freelist.
4666 	 */
4667 	mutex_spin_enter(&uvm_kentry_lock);
4668 	ukh = LIST_FIRST(&vm_map_to_kernel(map)->vmk_kentry_free);
4669 	if (ukh) {
4670 		entry = uvm_kmapent_get(ukh);
4671 		if (ukh->ukh_nused == UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK)
4672 			LIST_REMOVE(ukh, ukh_listq);
4673 	}
4674 	mutex_spin_exit(&uvm_kentry_lock);
4675 
4676 	if (entry)
4677 		return entry;
4678 
4679 	/*
4680 	 * there's no free entry for this vm_map.
4681 	 * now we need to allocate some vm_map_entry.
4682 	 * for simplicity, always allocate one page chunk of them at once.
4683 	 */
4684 
4685 	pg = uvm_pagealloc(NULL, 0, NULL,
4686 	    (flags & UVM_KMF_NOWAIT) != 0 ? UVM_PGA_USERESERVE : 0);
4687 	if (__predict_false(pg == NULL)) {
4688 		if (flags & UVM_FLAG_NOWAIT)
4689 			return NULL;
4690 		uvm_wait("kme_alloc");
4691 		goto again;
4692 	}
4693 
4694 #ifdef PMAP_MAP_POOLPAGE
4695 	va = PMAP_MAP_POOLPAGE(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(pg));
4696 	KASSERT(va != 0);
4697 #else
4698 	error = uvm_map_prepare(map, 0, PAGE_SIZE, NULL, UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET,
4699 	    0, mapflags, &args);
4700 	if (error) {
4701 		uvm_pagefree(pg);
4702 		return NULL;
4703 	}
4704 
4705 	va = args.uma_start;
4706 
4707 	pmap_kenter_pa(va, VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(pg),
4708 	    VM_PROT_READ|VM_PROT_WRITE|PMAP_KMPAGE, 0);
4709 	pmap_update(vm_map_pmap(map));
4710 
4711 #endif
4712 	ukh = (void *)va;
4713 
4714 	/*
4715 	 * use the last entry for ukh itsself.
4716 	 */
4717 
4718 	i = UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK - 1;
4719 #ifndef PMAP_MAP_POOLPAGE
4720 	entry = &ukh->ukh_entries[i--];
4721 	entry->flags = UVM_MAP_KERNEL | UVM_MAP_KMAPENT;
4722 	error = uvm_map_enter(map, &args, entry);
4723 	KASSERT(error == 0);
4724 #endif
4725 
4726 	ukh->ukh_nused = UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK;
4727 	ukh->ukh_map = map;
4728 	ukh->ukh_freelist = NULL;
4729 	for (; i >= 1; i--) {
4730 		struct vm_map_entry *xentry = &ukh->ukh_entries[i];
4731 
4732 		xentry->flags = UVM_MAP_KERNEL;
4733 		uvm_kmapent_put(ukh, xentry);
4734 	}
4735 #ifdef PMAP_MAP_POOLPAGE
4736 	KASSERT(ukh->ukh_nused == 1);
4737 #else
4738 	KASSERT(ukh->ukh_nused == 2);
4739 #endif
4740 
4741 	mutex_spin_enter(&uvm_kentry_lock);
4742 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&vm_map_to_kernel(map)->vmk_kentry_free,
4743 	    ukh, ukh_listq);
4744 	mutex_spin_exit(&uvm_kentry_lock);
4745 
4746 	/*
4747 	 * return first entry.
4748 	 */
4749 
4750 	entry = &ukh->ukh_entries[0];
4751 	entry->flags = UVM_MAP_KERNEL;
4752 	UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(ukh_alloc);
4753 
4754 	return entry;
4755 }
4756 
4757 /*
4758  * uvm_mapent_free: free map entry for in-kernel map
4759  */
4760 
4761 static void
4762 uvm_kmapent_free(struct vm_map_entry *entry)
4763 {
4764 	struct uvm_kmapent_hdr *ukh;
4765 	struct vm_page *pg;
4766 	struct vm_map *map;
4767 #ifndef PMAP_UNMAP_POOLPAGE
4768 	struct pmap *pmap;
4769 	struct vm_map_entry *deadentry;
4770 #endif
4771 	vaddr_t va;
4772 	paddr_t pa;
4773 
4774 	UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(uke_free);
4775 	ukh = UVM_KHDR_FIND(entry);
4776 	map = ukh->ukh_map;
4777 
4778 	mutex_spin_enter(&uvm_kentry_lock);
4779 	uvm_kmapent_put(ukh, entry);
4780 #ifdef PMAP_UNMAP_POOLPAGE
4781 	if (ukh->ukh_nused > 0) {
4782 #else
4783 	if (ukh->ukh_nused > 1) {
4784 #endif
4785 		if (ukh->ukh_nused == UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK - 1)
4786 			LIST_INSERT_HEAD(
4787 			    &vm_map_to_kernel(map)->vmk_kentry_free,
4788 			    ukh, ukh_listq);
4789 		mutex_spin_exit(&uvm_kentry_lock);
4790 		return;
4791 	}
4792 
4793 	/*
4794 	 * now we can free this ukh.
4795 	 *
4796 	 * however, keep an empty ukh to avoid ping-pong.
4797 	 */
4798 
4799 	if (LIST_FIRST(&vm_map_to_kernel(map)->vmk_kentry_free) == ukh &&
4800 	    LIST_NEXT(ukh, ukh_listq) == NULL) {
4801 		mutex_spin_exit(&uvm_kentry_lock);
4802 		return;
4803 	}
4804 	LIST_REMOVE(ukh, ukh_listq);
4805 	mutex_spin_exit(&uvm_kentry_lock);
4806 
4807 	va = (vaddr_t)ukh;
4808 
4809 #ifdef PMAP_UNMAP_POOLPAGE
4810 	KASSERT(ukh->ukh_nused == 0);
4811 	pa = PMAP_UNMAP_POOLPAGE(va);
4812 	KASSERT(pa != 0);
4813 #else
4814 	KASSERT(ukh->ukh_nused == 1);
4815 
4816 	/*
4817 	 * remove map entry for ukh itsself.
4818 	 */
4819 
4820 	KASSERT((va & PAGE_MASK) == 0);
4821 	vm_map_lock(map);
4822 	uvm_unmap_remove(map, va, va + PAGE_SIZE, &deadentry, NULL, 0);
4823 	KASSERT(deadentry->flags & UVM_MAP_KERNEL);
4824 	KASSERT(deadentry->flags & UVM_MAP_KMAPENT);
4825 	KASSERT(deadentry->next == NULL);
4826 	KASSERT(deadentry == &ukh->ukh_entries[UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK - 1]);
4827 
4828 	/*
4829 	 * unmap the page from pmap and free it.
4830 	 */
4831 
4832 	pmap = vm_map_pmap(map);
4833 	KASSERT(pmap == pmap_kernel());
4834 	if (!pmap_extract(pmap, va, &pa))
4835 		panic("%s: no mapping", __func__);
4836 	pmap_kremove(va, PAGE_SIZE);
4837 	pmap_update(vm_map_pmap(map));
4838 	vm_map_unlock(map);
4839 #endif /* !PMAP_UNMAP_POOLPAGE */
4840 	pg = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
4841 	uvm_pagefree(pg);
4842 	UVMMAP_EVCNT_INCR(ukh_free);
4843 }
4844 
4845 static vsize_t
4846 uvm_kmapent_overhead(vsize_t size)
4847 {
4848 
4849 	/*
4850 	 * - the max number of unmerged entries is howmany(size, PAGE_SIZE)
4851 	 *   as the min allocation unit is PAGE_SIZE.
4852 	 * - UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK "kmapent"s are allocated from a page.
4853 	 *   one of them are used to map the page itself.
4854 	 */
4855 
4856 	return howmany(howmany(size, PAGE_SIZE), (UVM_KMAPENT_CHUNK - 1)) *
4857 	    PAGE_SIZE;
4858 }
4859 
4860 /*
4861  * map entry reservation
4862  */
4863 
4864 /*
4865  * uvm_mapent_reserve: reserve map entries for clipping before locking map.
4866  *
4867  * => needed when unmapping entries allocated without UVM_FLAG_QUANTUM.
4868  * => caller shouldn't hold map locked.
4869  */
4870 int
4871 uvm_mapent_reserve(struct vm_map *map, struct uvm_mapent_reservation *umr,
4872     int nentries, int flags)
4873 {
4874 
4875 	umr->umr_nentries = 0;
4876 
4877 	if ((flags & UVM_FLAG_QUANTUM) != 0)
4878 		return 0;
4879 
4880 	if (!VM_MAP_USE_KMAPENT(map))
4881 		return 0;
4882 
4883 	while (nentries--) {
4884 		struct vm_map_entry *ent;
4885 		ent = uvm_kmapent_alloc(map, flags);
4886 		if (!ent) {
4887 			uvm_mapent_unreserve(map, umr);
4888 			return ENOMEM;
4889 		}
4890 		UMR_PUTENTRY(umr, ent);
4891 	}
4892 
4893 	return 0;
4894 }
4895 
4896 /*
4897  * uvm_mapent_unreserve:
4898  *
4899  * => caller shouldn't hold map locked.
4900  * => never fail or sleep.
4901  */
4902 void
4903 uvm_mapent_unreserve(struct vm_map *map, struct uvm_mapent_reservation *umr)
4904 {
4905 
4906 	while (!UMR_EMPTY(umr))
4907 		uvm_kmapent_free(UMR_GETENTRY(umr));
4908 }
4909 
4910 /*
4911  * uvm_mapent_trymerge: try to merge an entry with its neighbors.
4912  *
4913  * => called with map locked.
4914  * => return non zero if successfully merged.
4915  */
4916 
4917 int
4918 uvm_mapent_trymerge(struct vm_map *map, struct vm_map_entry *entry, int flags)
4919 {
4920 	struct uvm_object *uobj;
4921 	struct vm_map_entry *next;
4922 	struct vm_map_entry *prev;
4923 	vsize_t size;
4924 	int merged = 0;
4925 	bool copying;
4926 	int newetype;
4927 
4928 	if (VM_MAP_USE_KMAPENT(map)) {
4929 		return 0;
4930 	}
4931 	if (entry->aref.ar_amap != NULL) {
4932 		return 0;
4933 	}
4934 	if ((entry->flags & UVM_MAP_NOMERGE) != 0) {
4935 		return 0;
4936 	}
4937 
4938 	uobj = entry->object.uvm_obj;
4939 	size = entry->end - entry->start;
4940 	copying = (flags & UVM_MERGE_COPYING) != 0;
4941 	newetype = copying ? (entry->etype & ~UVM_ET_NEEDSCOPY) : entry->etype;
4942 
4943 	next = entry->next;
4944 	if (next != &map->header &&
4945 	    next->start == entry->end &&
4946 	    ((copying && next->aref.ar_amap != NULL &&
4947 	    amap_refs(next->aref.ar_amap) == 1) ||
4948 	    (!copying && next->aref.ar_amap == NULL)) &&
4949 	    UVM_ET_ISCOMPATIBLE(next, newetype,
4950 	    uobj, entry->flags, entry->protection,
4951 	    entry->max_protection, entry->inheritance, entry->advice,
4952 	    entry->wired_count) &&
4953 	    (uobj == NULL || entry->offset + size == next->offset)) {
4954 		int error;
4955 
4956 		if (copying) {
4957 			error = amap_extend(next, size,
4958 			    AMAP_EXTEND_NOWAIT|AMAP_EXTEND_BACKWARDS);
4959 		} else {
4960 			error = 0;
4961 		}
4962 		if (error == 0) {
4963 			if (uobj) {
4964 				if (uobj->pgops->pgo_detach) {
4965 					uobj->pgops->pgo_detach(uobj);
4966 				}
4967 			}
4968 
4969 			entry->end = next->end;
4970 			clear_hints(map, next);
4971 			uvm_map_entry_unlink(map, next);
4972 			if (copying) {
4973 				entry->aref = next->aref;
4974 				entry->etype &= ~UVM_ET_NEEDSCOPY;
4975 			}
4976 			uvm_map_check(map, "trymerge forwardmerge");
4977 			uvm_mapent_free_merged(map, next);
4978 			merged++;
4979 		}
4980 	}
4981 
4982 	prev = entry->prev;
4983 	if (prev != &map->header &&
4984 	    prev->end == entry->start &&
4985 	    ((copying && !merged && prev->aref.ar_amap != NULL &&
4986 	    amap_refs(prev->aref.ar_amap) == 1) ||
4987 	    (!copying && prev->aref.ar_amap == NULL)) &&
4988 	    UVM_ET_ISCOMPATIBLE(prev, newetype,
4989 	    uobj, entry->flags, entry->protection,
4990 	    entry->max_protection, entry->inheritance, entry->advice,
4991 	    entry->wired_count) &&
4992 	    (uobj == NULL ||
4993 	    prev->offset + prev->end - prev->start == entry->offset)) {
4994 		int error;
4995 
4996 		if (copying) {
4997 			error = amap_extend(prev, size,
4998 			    AMAP_EXTEND_NOWAIT|AMAP_EXTEND_FORWARDS);
4999 		} else {
5000 			error = 0;
5001 		}
5002 		if (error == 0) {
5003 			if (uobj) {
5004 				if (uobj->pgops->pgo_detach) {
5005 					uobj->pgops->pgo_detach(uobj);
5006 				}
5007 				entry->offset = prev->offset;
5008 			}
5009 
5010 			entry->start = prev->start;
5011 			clear_hints(map, prev);
5012 			uvm_map_entry_unlink(map, prev);
5013 			if (copying) {
5014 				entry->aref = prev->aref;
5015 				entry->etype &= ~UVM_ET_NEEDSCOPY;
5016 			}
5017 			uvm_map_check(map, "trymerge backmerge");
5018 			uvm_mapent_free_merged(map, prev);
5019 			merged++;
5020 		}
5021 	}
5022 
5023 	return merged;
5024 }
5025 
5026 /*
5027  * uvm_map_create: create map
5028  */
5029 
5030 struct vm_map *
5031 uvm_map_create(pmap_t pmap, vaddr_t vmin, vaddr_t vmax, int flags)
5032 {
5033 	struct vm_map *result;
5034 
5035 	result = malloc(sizeof(struct vm_map), M_VMMAP, M_WAITOK);
5036 	uvm_map_setup(result, vmin, vmax, flags);
5037 	result->pmap = pmap;
5038 	return(result);
5039 }
5040 
5041 /*
5042  * uvm_map_setup: init map
5043  *
5044  * => map must not be in service yet.
5045  */
5046 
5047 void
5048 uvm_map_setup(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t vmin, vaddr_t vmax, int flags)
5049 {
5050 	int ipl;
5051 
5052 	rb_tree_init(&map->rb_tree, &uvm_map_tree_ops);
5053 	map->header.next = map->header.prev = &map->header;
5054 	map->nentries = 0;
5055 	map->size = 0;
5056 	map->ref_count = 1;
5057 	vm_map_setmin(map, vmin);
5058 	vm_map_setmax(map, vmax);
5059 	map->flags = flags;
5060 	map->first_free = &map->header;
5061 	map->hint = &map->header;
5062 	map->timestamp = 0;
5063 	map->busy = NULL;
5064 
5065 	if ((flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE) != 0) {
5066 		ipl = IPL_VM;
5067 	} else {
5068 		ipl = IPL_NONE;
5069 	}
5070 
5071 	rw_init(&map->lock);
5072 	cv_init(&map->cv, "vm_map");
5073 	mutex_init(&map->misc_lock, MUTEX_DRIVER, ipl);
5074 	mutex_init(&map->mutex, MUTEX_DRIVER, ipl);
5075 }
5076 
5077 
5078 /*
5079  *   U N M A P   -   m a i n   e n t r y   p o i n t
5080  */
5081 
5082 /*
5083  * uvm_unmap1: remove mappings from a vm_map (from "start" up to "stop")
5084  *
5085  * => caller must check alignment and size
5086  * => map must be unlocked (we will lock it)
5087  * => flags is UVM_FLAG_QUANTUM or 0.
5088  */
5089 
5090 void
5091 uvm_unmap1(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end, int flags)
5092 {
5093 	struct vm_map_entry *dead_entries;
5094 	struct uvm_mapent_reservation umr;
5095 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_unmap"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
5096 
5097 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  (map=0x%x, start=0x%x, end=0x%x)",
5098 	    map, start, end, 0);
5099 	if (map == kernel_map) {
5100 		LOCKDEBUG_MEM_CHECK((void *)start, end - start);
5101 	}
5102 	/*
5103 	 * work now done by helper functions.   wipe the pmap's and then
5104 	 * detach from the dead entries...
5105 	 */
5106 	uvm_mapent_reserve(map, &umr, 2, flags);
5107 	vm_map_lock(map);
5108 	uvm_unmap_remove(map, start, end, &dead_entries, &umr, flags);
5109 	vm_map_unlock(map);
5110 	uvm_mapent_unreserve(map, &umr);
5111 
5112 	if (dead_entries != NULL)
5113 		uvm_unmap_detach(dead_entries, 0);
5114 
5115 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- done", 0,0,0,0);
5116 }
5117 
5118 
5119 /*
5120  * uvm_map_reference: add reference to a map
5121  *
5122  * => map need not be locked (we use misc_lock).
5123  */
5124 
5125 void
5126 uvm_map_reference(struct vm_map *map)
5127 {
5128 	mutex_enter(&map->misc_lock);
5129 	map->ref_count++;
5130 	mutex_exit(&map->misc_lock);
5131 }
5132 
5133 struct vm_map_kernel *
5134 vm_map_to_kernel(struct vm_map *map)
5135 {
5136 
5137 	KASSERT(VM_MAP_IS_KERNEL(map));
5138 
5139 	return (struct vm_map_kernel *)map;
5140 }
5141 
5142 bool
5143 vm_map_starved_p(struct vm_map *map)
5144 {
5145 
5146 	if ((map->flags & VM_MAP_WANTVA) != 0) {
5147 		return true;
5148 	}
5149 	/* XXX */
5150 	if ((vm_map_max(map) - vm_map_min(map)) / 16 * 15 < map->size) {
5151 		return true;
5152 	}
5153 	return false;
5154 }
5155 
5156 #if defined(DDB) || defined(DEBUGPRINT)
5157 
5158 /*
5159  * uvm_map_printit: actually prints the map
5160  */
5161 
5162 void
5163 uvm_map_printit(struct vm_map *map, bool full,
5164     void (*pr)(const char *, ...))
5165 {
5166 	struct vm_map_entry *entry;
5167 
5168 	(*pr)("MAP %p: [0x%lx->0x%lx]\n", map, vm_map_min(map),
5169 	    vm_map_max(map));
5170 	(*pr)("\t#ent=%d, sz=%d, ref=%d, version=%d, flags=0x%x\n",
5171 	    map->nentries, map->size, map->ref_count, map->timestamp,
5172 	    map->flags);
5173 	(*pr)("\tpmap=%p(resident=%ld, wired=%ld)\n", map->pmap,
5174 	    pmap_resident_count(map->pmap), pmap_wired_count(map->pmap));
5175 	if (!full)
5176 		return;
5177 	for (entry = map->header.next; entry != &map->header;
5178 	    entry = entry->next) {
5179 		(*pr)(" - %p: 0x%lx->0x%lx: obj=%p/0x%llx, amap=%p/%d\n",
5180 		    entry, entry->start, entry->end, entry->object.uvm_obj,
5181 		    (long long)entry->offset, entry->aref.ar_amap,
5182 		    entry->aref.ar_pageoff);
5183 		(*pr)(
5184 		    "\tsubmap=%c, cow=%c, nc=%c, prot(max)=%d/%d, inh=%d, "
5185 		    "wc=%d, adv=%d\n",
5186 		    (entry->etype & UVM_ET_SUBMAP) ? 'T' : 'F',
5187 		    (entry->etype & UVM_ET_COPYONWRITE) ? 'T' : 'F',
5188 		    (entry->etype & UVM_ET_NEEDSCOPY) ? 'T' : 'F',
5189 		    entry->protection, entry->max_protection,
5190 		    entry->inheritance, entry->wired_count, entry->advice);
5191 	}
5192 }
5193 
5194 void
5195 uvm_whatis(uintptr_t addr, void (*pr)(const char *, ...))
5196 {
5197 	struct vm_map *map;
5198 
5199 	for (map = kernel_map;;) {
5200 		struct vm_map_entry *entry;
5201 
5202 		if (!uvm_map_lookup_entry_bytree(map, (vaddr_t)addr, &entry)) {
5203 			break;
5204 		}
5205 		(*pr)("%p is %p+%zu from VMMAP %p\n",
5206 		    (void *)addr, (void *)entry->start,
5207 		    (size_t)(addr - (uintptr_t)entry->start), map);
5208 		if (!UVM_ET_ISSUBMAP(entry)) {
5209 			break;
5210 		}
5211 		map = entry->object.sub_map;
5212 	}
5213 }
5214 
5215 #endif /* DDB || DEBUGPRINT */
5216