xref: /netbsd-src/sys/uvm/uvm_fault.c (revision ce2c90c7c172d95d2402a5b3d96d8f8e6d138a21)
1 /*	$NetBSD: uvm_fault.c,v 1.114 2006/10/12 10:14:20 yamt Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 1997 Charles D. Cranor and Washington University.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
18  *      This product includes software developed by Charles D. Cranor and
19  *      Washington University.
20  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
21  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
25  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
26  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
27  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
28  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
29  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
30  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
31  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
32  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
33  *
34  * from: Id: uvm_fault.c,v 1.1.2.23 1998/02/06 05:29:05 chs Exp
35  */
36 
37 /*
38  * uvm_fault.c: fault handler
39  */
40 
41 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
42 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: uvm_fault.c,v 1.114 2006/10/12 10:14:20 yamt Exp $");
43 
44 #include "opt_uvmhist.h"
45 
46 #include <sys/param.h>
47 #include <sys/systm.h>
48 #include <sys/kernel.h>
49 #include <sys/proc.h>
50 #include <sys/malloc.h>
51 #include <sys/mman.h>
52 #include <sys/user.h>
53 
54 #include <uvm/uvm.h>
55 
56 /*
57  *
58  * a word on page faults:
59  *
60  * types of page faults we handle:
61  *
62  * CASE 1: upper layer faults                   CASE 2: lower layer faults
63  *
64  *    CASE 1A         CASE 1B                  CASE 2A        CASE 2B
65  *    read/write1     write>1                  read/write   +-cow_write/zero
66  *         |             |                         |        |
67  *      +--|--+       +--|--+     +-----+       +  |  +     | +-----+
68  * amap |  V  |       |  ----------->new|          |        | |  ^  |
69  *      +-----+       +-----+     +-----+       +  |  +     | +--|--+
70  *                                                 |        |    |
71  *      +-----+       +-----+                   +--|--+     | +--|--+
72  * uobj | d/c |       | d/c |                   |  V  |     +----|  |
73  *      +-----+       +-----+                   +-----+       +-----+
74  *
75  * d/c = don't care
76  *
77  *   case [0]: layerless fault
78  *	no amap or uobj is present.   this is an error.
79  *
80  *   case [1]: upper layer fault [anon active]
81  *     1A: [read] or [write with anon->an_ref == 1]
82  *		I/O takes place in top level anon and uobj is not touched.
83  *     1B: [write with anon->an_ref > 1]
84  *		new anon is alloc'd and data is copied off ["COW"]
85  *
86  *   case [2]: lower layer fault [uobj]
87  *     2A: [read on non-NULL uobj] or [write to non-copy_on_write area]
88  *		I/O takes place directly in object.
89  *     2B: [write to copy_on_write] or [read on NULL uobj]
90  *		data is "promoted" from uobj to a new anon.
91  *		if uobj is null, then we zero fill.
92  *
93  * we follow the standard UVM locking protocol ordering:
94  *
95  * MAPS => AMAP => UOBJ => ANON => PAGE QUEUES (PQ)
96  * we hold a PG_BUSY page if we unlock for I/O
97  *
98  *
99  * the code is structured as follows:
100  *
101  *     - init the "IN" params in the ufi structure
102  *   ReFault:
103  *     - do lookups [locks maps], check protection, handle needs_copy
104  *     - check for case 0 fault (error)
105  *     - establish "range" of fault
106  *     - if we have an amap lock it and extract the anons
107  *     - if sequential advice deactivate pages behind us
108  *     - at the same time check pmap for unmapped areas and anon for pages
109  *	 that we could map in (and do map it if found)
110  *     - check object for resident pages that we could map in
111  *     - if (case 2) goto Case2
112  *     - >>> handle case 1
113  *           - ensure source anon is resident in RAM
114  *           - if case 1B alloc new anon and copy from source
115  *           - map the correct page in
116  *   Case2:
117  *     - >>> handle case 2
118  *           - ensure source page is resident (if uobj)
119  *           - if case 2B alloc new anon and copy from source (could be zero
120  *		fill if uobj == NULL)
121  *           - map the correct page in
122  *     - done!
123  *
124  * note on paging:
125  *   if we have to do I/O we place a PG_BUSY page in the correct object,
126  * unlock everything, and do the I/O.   when I/O is done we must reverify
127  * the state of the world before assuming that our data structures are
128  * valid.   [because mappings could change while the map is unlocked]
129  *
130  *  alternative 1: unbusy the page in question and restart the page fault
131  *    from the top (ReFault).   this is easy but does not take advantage
132  *    of the information that we already have from our previous lookup,
133  *    although it is possible that the "hints" in the vm_map will help here.
134  *
135  * alternative 2: the system already keeps track of a "version" number of
136  *    a map.   [i.e. every time you write-lock a map (e.g. to change a
137  *    mapping) you bump the version number up by one...]   so, we can save
138  *    the version number of the map before we release the lock and start I/O.
139  *    then when I/O is done we can relock and check the version numbers
140  *    to see if anything changed.    this might save us some over 1 because
141  *    we don't have to unbusy the page and may be less compares(?).
142  *
143  * alternative 3: put in backpointers or a way to "hold" part of a map
144  *    in place while I/O is in progress.   this could be complex to
145  *    implement (especially with structures like amap that can be referenced
146  *    by multiple map entries, and figuring out what should wait could be
147  *    complex as well...).
148  *
149  * given that we are not currently multiprocessor or multithreaded we might
150  * as well choose alternative 2 now.   maybe alternative 3 would be useful
151  * in the future.    XXX keep in mind for future consideration//rechecking.
152  */
153 
154 /*
155  * local data structures
156  */
157 
158 struct uvm_advice {
159 	int advice;
160 	int nback;
161 	int nforw;
162 };
163 
164 /*
165  * page range array:
166  * note: index in array must match "advice" value
167  * XXX: borrowed numbers from freebsd.   do they work well for us?
168  */
169 
170 static const struct uvm_advice uvmadvice[] = {
171 	{ MADV_NORMAL, 3, 4 },
172 	{ MADV_RANDOM, 0, 0 },
173 	{ MADV_SEQUENTIAL, 8, 7},
174 };
175 
176 #define UVM_MAXRANGE 16	/* must be MAX() of nback+nforw+1 */
177 
178 /*
179  * private prototypes
180  */
181 
182 /*
183  * inline functions
184  */
185 
186 /*
187  * uvmfault_anonflush: try and deactivate pages in specified anons
188  *
189  * => does not have to deactivate page if it is busy
190  */
191 
192 static inline void
193 uvmfault_anonflush(struct vm_anon **anons, int n)
194 {
195 	int lcv;
196 	struct vm_page *pg;
197 
198 	for (lcv = 0 ; lcv < n ; lcv++) {
199 		if (anons[lcv] == NULL)
200 			continue;
201 		simple_lock(&anons[lcv]->an_lock);
202 		pg = anons[lcv]->an_page;
203 		if (pg && (pg->flags & PG_BUSY) == 0 && pg->loan_count == 0) {
204 			uvm_lock_pageq();
205 			if (pg->wire_count == 0) {
206 				pmap_clear_reference(pg);
207 				uvm_pagedeactivate(pg);
208 			}
209 			uvm_unlock_pageq();
210 		}
211 		simple_unlock(&anons[lcv]->an_lock);
212 	}
213 }
214 
215 /*
216  * normal functions
217  */
218 
219 /*
220  * uvmfault_amapcopy: clear "needs_copy" in a map.
221  *
222  * => called with VM data structures unlocked (usually, see below)
223  * => we get a write lock on the maps and clear needs_copy for a VA
224  * => if we are out of RAM we sleep (waiting for more)
225  */
226 
227 static void
228 uvmfault_amapcopy(struct uvm_faultinfo *ufi)
229 {
230 	for (;;) {
231 
232 		/*
233 		 * no mapping?  give up.
234 		 */
235 
236 		if (uvmfault_lookup(ufi, TRUE) == FALSE)
237 			return;
238 
239 		/*
240 		 * copy if needed.
241 		 */
242 
243 		if (UVM_ET_ISNEEDSCOPY(ufi->entry))
244 			amap_copy(ufi->map, ufi->entry, AMAP_COPY_NOWAIT,
245 				ufi->orig_rvaddr, ufi->orig_rvaddr + 1);
246 
247 		/*
248 		 * didn't work?  must be out of RAM.   unlock and sleep.
249 		 */
250 
251 		if (UVM_ET_ISNEEDSCOPY(ufi->entry)) {
252 			uvmfault_unlockmaps(ufi, TRUE);
253 			uvm_wait("fltamapcopy");
254 			continue;
255 		}
256 
257 		/*
258 		 * got it!   unlock and return.
259 		 */
260 
261 		uvmfault_unlockmaps(ufi, TRUE);
262 		return;
263 	}
264 	/*NOTREACHED*/
265 }
266 
267 /*
268  * uvmfault_anonget: get data in an anon into a non-busy, non-released
269  * page in that anon.
270  *
271  * => maps, amap, and anon locked by caller.
272  * => if we fail (result != 0) we unlock everything.
273  * => if we are successful, we return with everything still locked.
274  * => we don't move the page on the queues [gets moved later]
275  * => if we allocate a new page [we_own], it gets put on the queues.
276  *    either way, the result is that the page is on the queues at return time
277  * => for pages which are on loan from a uvm_object (and thus are not
278  *    owned by the anon): if successful, we return with the owning object
279  *    locked.   the caller must unlock this object when it unlocks everything
280  *    else.
281  */
282 
283 int
284 uvmfault_anonget(struct uvm_faultinfo *ufi, struct vm_amap *amap,
285     struct vm_anon *anon)
286 {
287 	boolean_t we_own;	/* we own anon's page? */
288 	boolean_t locked;	/* did we relock? */
289 	struct vm_page *pg;
290 	int error;
291 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvmfault_anonget"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
292 
293 	LOCK_ASSERT(simple_lock_held(&anon->an_lock));
294 
295 	error = 0;
296 	uvmexp.fltanget++;
297         /* bump rusage counters */
298 	if (anon->an_page)
299 		curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_minflt++;
300 	else
301 		curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_majflt++;
302 
303 	/*
304 	 * loop until we get it, or fail.
305 	 */
306 
307 	for (;;) {
308 		we_own = FALSE;		/* TRUE if we set PG_BUSY on a page */
309 		pg = anon->an_page;
310 
311 		/*
312 		 * if there is a resident page and it is loaned, then anon
313 		 * may not own it.   call out to uvm_anon_lockpage() to ensure
314 		 * the real owner of the page has been identified and locked.
315 		 */
316 
317 		if (pg && pg->loan_count)
318 			pg = uvm_anon_lockloanpg(anon);
319 
320 		/*
321 		 * page there?   make sure it is not busy/released.
322 		 */
323 
324 		if (pg) {
325 
326 			/*
327 			 * at this point, if the page has a uobject [meaning
328 			 * we have it on loan], then that uobject is locked
329 			 * by us!   if the page is busy, we drop all the
330 			 * locks (including uobject) and try again.
331 			 */
332 
333 			if ((pg->flags & PG_BUSY) == 0) {
334 				UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- OK",0,0,0,0);
335 				return (0);
336 			}
337 			pg->flags |= PG_WANTED;
338 			uvmexp.fltpgwait++;
339 
340 			/*
341 			 * the last unlock must be an atomic unlock+wait on
342 			 * the owner of page
343 			 */
344 
345 			if (pg->uobject) {	/* owner is uobject ? */
346 				uvmfault_unlockall(ufi, amap, NULL, anon);
347 				UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, " unlock+wait on uobj",0,
348 				    0,0,0);
349 				UVM_UNLOCK_AND_WAIT(pg,
350 				    &pg->uobject->vmobjlock,
351 				    FALSE, "anonget1",0);
352 			} else {
353 				/* anon owns page */
354 				uvmfault_unlockall(ufi, amap, NULL, NULL);
355 				UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, " unlock+wait on anon",0,
356 				    0,0,0);
357 				UVM_UNLOCK_AND_WAIT(pg,&anon->an_lock,0,
358 				    "anonget2",0);
359 			}
360 		} else {
361 #if defined(VMSWAP)
362 
363 			/*
364 			 * no page, we must try and bring it in.
365 			 */
366 
367 			pg = uvm_pagealloc(NULL, 0, anon, 0);
368 			if (pg == NULL) {		/* out of RAM.  */
369 				uvmfault_unlockall(ufi, amap, NULL, anon);
370 				uvmexp.fltnoram++;
371 				UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  noram -- UVM_WAIT",0,
372 				    0,0,0);
373 				if (!uvm_reclaimable()) {
374 					return ENOMEM;
375 				}
376 				uvm_wait("flt_noram1");
377 			} else {
378 				/* we set the PG_BUSY bit */
379 				we_own = TRUE;
380 				uvmfault_unlockall(ufi, amap, NULL, anon);
381 
382 				/*
383 				 * we are passing a PG_BUSY+PG_FAKE+PG_CLEAN
384 				 * page into the uvm_swap_get function with
385 				 * all data structures unlocked.  note that
386 				 * it is ok to read an_swslot here because
387 				 * we hold PG_BUSY on the page.
388 				 */
389 				uvmexp.pageins++;
390 				error = uvm_swap_get(pg, anon->an_swslot,
391 				    PGO_SYNCIO);
392 
393 				/*
394 				 * we clean up after the i/o below in the
395 				 * "we_own" case
396 				 */
397 			}
398 #else /* defined(VMSWAP) */
399 			panic("%s: no page", __func__);
400 #endif /* defined(VMSWAP) */
401 		}
402 
403 		/*
404 		 * now relock and try again
405 		 */
406 
407 		locked = uvmfault_relock(ufi);
408 		if (locked && amap != NULL) {
409 			amap_lock(amap);
410 		}
411 		if (locked || we_own)
412 			simple_lock(&anon->an_lock);
413 
414 		/*
415 		 * if we own the page (i.e. we set PG_BUSY), then we need
416 		 * to clean up after the I/O. there are three cases to
417 		 * consider:
418 		 *   [1] page released during I/O: free anon and ReFault.
419 		 *   [2] I/O not OK.   free the page and cause the fault
420 		 *       to fail.
421 		 *   [3] I/O OK!   activate the page and sync with the
422 		 *       non-we_own case (i.e. drop anon lock if not locked).
423 		 */
424 
425 		if (we_own) {
426 #if defined(VMSWAP)
427 			if (pg->flags & PG_WANTED) {
428 				wakeup(pg);
429 			}
430 			if (error) {
431 
432 				/*
433 				 * remove the swap slot from the anon
434 				 * and mark the anon as having no real slot.
435 				 * don't free the swap slot, thus preventing
436 				 * it from being used again.
437 				 */
438 
439 				if (anon->an_swslot > 0)
440 					uvm_swap_markbad(anon->an_swslot, 1);
441 				anon->an_swslot = SWSLOT_BAD;
442 
443 				if ((pg->flags & PG_RELEASED) != 0)
444 					goto released;
445 
446 				/*
447 				 * note: page was never !PG_BUSY, so it
448 				 * can't be mapped and thus no need to
449 				 * pmap_page_protect it...
450 				 */
451 
452 				uvm_lock_pageq();
453 				uvm_pagefree(pg);
454 				uvm_unlock_pageq();
455 
456 				if (locked)
457 					uvmfault_unlockall(ufi, amap, NULL,
458 					    anon);
459 				else
460 					simple_unlock(&anon->an_lock);
461 				UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- ERROR", 0,0,0,0);
462 				return error;
463 			}
464 
465 			if ((pg->flags & PG_RELEASED) != 0) {
466 released:
467 				KASSERT(anon->an_ref == 0);
468 
469 				/*
470 				 * released while we unlocked amap.
471 				 */
472 
473 				if (locked)
474 					uvmfault_unlockall(ufi, amap, NULL,
475 					    NULL);
476 
477 				uvm_anon_release(anon);
478 
479 				if (error) {
480 					UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,
481 					    "<- ERROR/RELEASED", 0,0,0,0);
482 					return error;
483 				}
484 
485 				UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- RELEASED", 0,0,0,0);
486 				return ERESTART;
487 			}
488 
489 			/*
490 			 * we've successfully read the page, activate it.
491 			 */
492 
493 			uvm_lock_pageq();
494 			uvm_pageactivate(pg);
495 			uvm_unlock_pageq();
496 			pg->flags &= ~(PG_WANTED|PG_BUSY|PG_FAKE);
497 			UVM_PAGE_OWN(pg, NULL);
498 			if (!locked)
499 				simple_unlock(&anon->an_lock);
500 #else /* defined(VMSWAP) */
501 			panic("%s: we_own", __func__);
502 #endif /* defined(VMSWAP) */
503 		}
504 
505 		/*
506 		 * we were not able to relock.   restart fault.
507 		 */
508 
509 		if (!locked) {
510 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- REFAULT", 0,0,0,0);
511 			return (ERESTART);
512 		}
513 
514 		/*
515 		 * verify no one has touched the amap and moved the anon on us.
516 		 */
517 
518 		if (ufi != NULL &&
519 		    amap_lookup(&ufi->entry->aref,
520 				ufi->orig_rvaddr - ufi->entry->start) != anon) {
521 
522 			uvmfault_unlockall(ufi, amap, NULL, anon);
523 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- REFAULT", 0,0,0,0);
524 			return (ERESTART);
525 		}
526 
527 		/*
528 		 * try it again!
529 		 */
530 
531 		uvmexp.fltanretry++;
532 		continue;
533 	}
534 	/*NOTREACHED*/
535 }
536 
537 /*
538  * uvmfault_promote: promote data to a new anon.  used for 1B and 2B.
539  *
540  *	1. allocate an anon and a page.
541  *	2. fill its contents.
542  *	3. put it into amap.
543  *
544  * => if we fail (result != 0) we unlock everything.
545  * => on success, return a new locked anon via 'nanon'.
546  *    (*nanon)->an_page will be a resident, locked, dirty page.
547  */
548 
549 static int
550 uvmfault_promote(struct uvm_faultinfo *ufi,
551     struct vm_anon *oanon,
552     struct vm_page *uobjpage,
553     struct vm_anon **nanon, /* OUT: allocated anon */
554     struct vm_anon **spare)
555 {
556 	struct vm_amap *amap = ufi->entry->aref.ar_amap;
557 	struct uvm_object *uobj;
558 	struct vm_anon *anon;
559 	struct vm_page *pg;
560 	struct vm_page *opg;
561 	int error;
562 	UVMHIST_FUNC(__func__); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
563 
564 	if (oanon) {
565 		/* anon COW */
566 		opg = oanon->an_page;
567 		KASSERT(opg != NULL);
568 		KASSERT(opg->uobject == NULL || opg->loan_count > 0);
569 	} else if (uobjpage != PGO_DONTCARE) {
570 		/* object-backed COW */
571 		opg = uobjpage;
572 	} else {
573 		/* ZFOD */
574 		opg = NULL;
575 	}
576 	if (opg != NULL) {
577 		uobj = opg->uobject;
578 	} else {
579 		uobj = NULL;
580 	}
581 
582 	KASSERT(amap != NULL);
583 	KASSERT(uobjpage != NULL);
584 	KASSERT(uobjpage == PGO_DONTCARE || (uobjpage->flags & PG_BUSY) != 0);
585 	LOCK_ASSERT(simple_lock_held(&amap->am_l));
586 	LOCK_ASSERT(oanon == NULL || simple_lock_held(&oanon->an_lock));
587 	LOCK_ASSERT(uobj == NULL || simple_lock_held(&uobj->vmobjlock));
588 	LOCK_ASSERT(*spare == NULL || !simple_lock_held(&(*spare)->an_lock));
589 
590 	if (*spare != NULL) {
591 		anon = *spare;
592 		*spare = NULL;
593 		simple_lock(&anon->an_lock);
594 	} else if (ufi->map != kernel_map) {
595 		anon = uvm_analloc();
596 	} else {
597 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "kernel_map, unlock and retry", 0,0,0,0);
598 
599 		/*
600 		 * we can't allocate anons with kernel_map locked.
601 		 */
602 
603 		uvm_page_unbusy(&uobjpage, 1);
604 		uvmfault_unlockall(ufi, amap, uobj, oanon);
605 
606 		*spare = uvm_analloc();
607 		if (*spare == NULL) {
608 			goto nomem;
609 		}
610 		simple_unlock(&(*spare)->an_lock);
611 		error = ERESTART;
612 		goto done;
613 	}
614 	if (anon) {
615 
616 		/*
617 		 * The new anon is locked.
618 		 *
619 		 * if opg == NULL, we want a zero'd, dirty page,
620 		 * so have uvm_pagealloc() do that for us.
621 		 */
622 
623 		pg = uvm_pagealloc(NULL, 0, anon,
624 		    (opg == NULL) ? UVM_PGA_ZERO : 0);
625 	} else {
626 		pg = NULL;
627 	}
628 
629 	/*
630 	 * out of memory resources?
631 	 */
632 
633 	if (pg == NULL) {
634 		/* save anon for the next try. */
635 		if (anon != NULL) {
636 			simple_unlock(&anon->an_lock);
637 			*spare = anon;
638 		}
639 
640 		/* unlock and fail ... */
641 		uvm_page_unbusy(&uobjpage, 1);
642 		uvmfault_unlockall(ufi, amap, uobj, oanon);
643 nomem:
644 		if (!uvm_reclaimable()) {
645 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "out of VM", 0,0,0,0);
646 			uvmexp.fltnoanon++;
647 			error = ENOMEM;
648 			goto done;
649 		}
650 
651 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "out of RAM, waiting for more", 0,0,0,0);
652 		uvmexp.fltnoram++;
653 		uvm_wait("flt_noram5");
654 		error = ERESTART;
655 		goto done;
656 	}
657 
658 	/* copy page [pg now dirty] */
659 	if (opg) {
660 		uvm_pagecopy(opg, pg);
661 	}
662 
663 	amap_add(&ufi->entry->aref, ufi->orig_rvaddr - ufi->entry->start, anon,
664 	    oanon != NULL);
665 
666 	*nanon = anon;
667 	error = 0;
668 done:
669 	return error;
670 }
671 
672 
673 /*
674  *   F A U L T   -   m a i n   e n t r y   p o i n t
675  */
676 
677 /*
678  * uvm_fault: page fault handler
679  *
680  * => called from MD code to resolve a page fault
681  * => VM data structures usually should be unlocked.   however, it is
682  *	possible to call here with the main map locked if the caller
683  *	gets a write lock, sets it recusive, and then calls us (c.f.
684  *	uvm_map_pageable).   this should be avoided because it keeps
685  *	the map locked off during I/O.
686  * => MUST NEVER BE CALLED IN INTERRUPT CONTEXT
687  */
688 
689 #define MASK(entry)     (UVM_ET_ISCOPYONWRITE(entry) ? \
690 			 ~VM_PROT_WRITE : VM_PROT_ALL)
691 
692 /* fault_flag values passed from uvm_fault_wire to uvm_fault_internal */
693 #define UVM_FAULT_WIRE 1
694 #define UVM_FAULT_WIREMAX 2
695 
696 int
697 uvm_fault_internal(struct vm_map *orig_map, vaddr_t vaddr,
698     vm_prot_t access_type, int fault_flag)
699 {
700 	struct uvm_faultinfo ufi;
701 	vm_prot_t enter_prot, check_prot;
702 	boolean_t wired, narrow, promote, locked, shadowed, wire_fault, cow_now;
703 	int npages, nback, nforw, centeridx, error, lcv, gotpages;
704 	vaddr_t startva, currva;
705 	voff_t uoff;
706 	struct vm_amap *amap;
707 	struct uvm_object *uobj;
708 	struct vm_anon *anons_store[UVM_MAXRANGE], **anons, *anon, *oanon;
709 	struct vm_anon *anon_spare;
710 	struct vm_page *pages[UVM_MAXRANGE], *pg, *uobjpage;
711 	UVMHIST_FUNC("uvm_fault"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
712 
713 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "(map=0x%x, vaddr=0x%x, at=%d, ff=%d)",
714 	      orig_map, vaddr, access_type, fault_flag);
715 
716 	anon = anon_spare = NULL;
717 	pg = NULL;
718 
719 	uvmexp.faults++;	/* XXX: locking? */
720 
721 	/*
722 	 * init the IN parameters in the ufi
723 	 */
724 
725 	ufi.orig_map = orig_map;
726 	ufi.orig_rvaddr = trunc_page(vaddr);
727 	ufi.orig_size = PAGE_SIZE;	/* can't get any smaller than this */
728 	wire_fault = (fault_flag > 0);
729 	if (wire_fault)
730 		narrow = TRUE;		/* don't look for neighborhood
731 					 * pages on wire */
732 	else
733 		narrow = FALSE;		/* normal fault */
734 
735 	/*
736 	 * "goto ReFault" means restart the page fault from ground zero.
737 	 */
738 ReFault:
739 
740 	/*
741 	 * lookup and lock the maps
742 	 */
743 
744 	if (uvmfault_lookup(&ufi, FALSE) == FALSE) {
745 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- no mapping @ 0x%x", vaddr, 0,0,0);
746 		error = EFAULT;
747 		goto done;
748 	}
749 	/* locked: maps(read) */
750 
751 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
752 	if ((ufi.map->flags & VM_MAP_PAGEABLE) == 0) {
753 		printf("Page fault on non-pageable map:\n");
754 		printf("ufi.map = %p\n", ufi.map);
755 		printf("ufi.orig_map = %p\n", ufi.orig_map);
756 		printf("ufi.orig_rvaddr = 0x%lx\n", (u_long) ufi.orig_rvaddr);
757 		panic("uvm_fault: (ufi.map->flags & VM_MAP_PAGEABLE) == 0");
758 	}
759 #endif
760 
761 	/*
762 	 * check protection
763 	 */
764 
765 	check_prot = fault_flag == UVM_FAULT_WIREMAX ?
766 	    ufi.entry->max_protection : ufi.entry->protection;
767 	if ((check_prot & access_type) != access_type) {
768 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,
769 		    "<- protection failure (prot=0x%x, access=0x%x)",
770 		    ufi.entry->protection, access_type, 0, 0);
771 		uvmfault_unlockmaps(&ufi, FALSE);
772 		error = EACCES;
773 		goto done;
774 	}
775 
776 	/*
777 	 * "enter_prot" is the protection we want to enter the page in at.
778 	 * for certain pages (e.g. copy-on-write pages) this protection can
779 	 * be more strict than ufi.entry->protection.  "wired" means either
780 	 * the entry is wired or we are fault-wiring the pg.
781 	 */
782 
783 	enter_prot = ufi.entry->protection;
784 	wired = VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(ufi.entry) || wire_fault;
785 	if (wired) {
786 		access_type = enter_prot; /* full access for wired */
787 		cow_now = (check_prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) != 0;
788 	} else {
789 		cow_now = (access_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) != 0;
790 	}
791 
792 	/*
793 	 * handle "needs_copy" case.   if we need to copy the amap we will
794 	 * have to drop our readlock and relock it with a write lock.  (we
795 	 * need a write lock to change anything in a map entry [e.g.
796 	 * needs_copy]).
797 	 */
798 
799 	if (UVM_ET_ISNEEDSCOPY(ufi.entry)) {
800 		KASSERT(fault_flag != UVM_FAULT_WIREMAX);
801 		if (cow_now || (ufi.entry->object.uvm_obj == NULL)) {
802 			/* need to clear */
803 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,
804 			    "  need to clear needs_copy and refault",0,0,0,0);
805 			uvmfault_unlockmaps(&ufi, FALSE);
806 			uvmfault_amapcopy(&ufi);
807 			uvmexp.fltamcopy++;
808 			goto ReFault;
809 
810 		} else {
811 
812 			/*
813 			 * ensure that we pmap_enter page R/O since
814 			 * needs_copy is still true
815 			 */
816 
817 			enter_prot &= ~VM_PROT_WRITE;
818 		}
819 	}
820 
821 	/*
822 	 * identify the players
823 	 */
824 
825 	amap = ufi.entry->aref.ar_amap;		/* top layer */
826 	uobj = ufi.entry->object.uvm_obj;	/* bottom layer */
827 
828 	/*
829 	 * check for a case 0 fault.  if nothing backing the entry then
830 	 * error now.
831 	 */
832 
833 	if (amap == NULL && uobj == NULL) {
834 		uvmfault_unlockmaps(&ufi, FALSE);
835 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"<- no backing store, no overlay",0,0,0,0);
836 		error = EFAULT;
837 		goto done;
838 	}
839 
840 	/*
841 	 * establish range of interest based on advice from mapper
842 	 * and then clip to fit map entry.   note that we only want
843 	 * to do this the first time through the fault.   if we
844 	 * ReFault we will disable this by setting "narrow" to true.
845 	 */
846 
847 	if (narrow == FALSE) {
848 
849 		/* wide fault (!narrow) */
850 		KASSERT(uvmadvice[ufi.entry->advice].advice ==
851 			 ufi.entry->advice);
852 		nback = MIN(uvmadvice[ufi.entry->advice].nback,
853 			    (ufi.orig_rvaddr - ufi.entry->start) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
854 		startva = ufi.orig_rvaddr - (nback << PAGE_SHIFT);
855 		nforw = MIN(uvmadvice[ufi.entry->advice].nforw,
856 			    ((ufi.entry->end - ufi.orig_rvaddr) >>
857 			     PAGE_SHIFT) - 1);
858 		/*
859 		 * note: "-1" because we don't want to count the
860 		 * faulting page as forw
861 		 */
862 		npages = nback + nforw + 1;
863 		centeridx = nback;
864 
865 		narrow = TRUE;	/* ensure only once per-fault */
866 
867 	} else {
868 
869 		/* narrow fault! */
870 		nback = nforw = 0;
871 		startva = ufi.orig_rvaddr;
872 		npages = 1;
873 		centeridx = 0;
874 
875 	}
876 
877 	/* locked: maps(read) */
878 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  narrow=%d, back=%d, forw=%d, startva=0x%x",
879 		    narrow, nback, nforw, startva);
880 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  entry=0x%x, amap=0x%x, obj=0x%x", ufi.entry,
881 		    amap, uobj, 0);
882 
883 	/*
884 	 * if we've got an amap, lock it and extract current anons.
885 	 */
886 
887 	if (amap) {
888 		amap_lock(amap);
889 		anons = anons_store;
890 		amap_lookups(&ufi.entry->aref, startva - ufi.entry->start,
891 		    anons, npages);
892 	} else {
893 		anons = NULL;	/* to be safe */
894 	}
895 
896 	/* locked: maps(read), amap(if there) */
897 	LOCK_ASSERT(amap == NULL || simple_lock_held(&amap->am_l));
898 
899 	/*
900 	 * for MADV_SEQUENTIAL mappings we want to deactivate the back pages
901 	 * now and then forget about them (for the rest of the fault).
902 	 */
903 
904 	if (ufi.entry->advice == MADV_SEQUENTIAL && nback != 0) {
905 
906 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  MADV_SEQUENTIAL: flushing backpages",
907 		    0,0,0,0);
908 		/* flush back-page anons? */
909 		if (amap)
910 			uvmfault_anonflush(anons, nback);
911 
912 		/* flush object? */
913 		if (uobj) {
914 			uoff = (startva - ufi.entry->start) + ufi.entry->offset;
915 			simple_lock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
916 			(void) (uobj->pgops->pgo_put)(uobj, uoff, uoff +
917 				    (nback << PAGE_SHIFT), PGO_DEACTIVATE);
918 		}
919 
920 		/* now forget about the backpages */
921 		if (amap)
922 			anons += nback;
923 		startva += (nback << PAGE_SHIFT);
924 		npages -= nback;
925 		nback = centeridx = 0;
926 	}
927 
928 	/* locked: maps(read), amap(if there) */
929 	LOCK_ASSERT(amap == NULL || simple_lock_held(&amap->am_l));
930 
931 	/*
932 	 * map in the backpages and frontpages we found in the amap in hopes
933 	 * of preventing future faults.    we also init the pages[] array as
934 	 * we go.
935 	 */
936 
937 	currva = startva;
938 	shadowed = FALSE;
939 	for (lcv = 0 ; lcv < npages ; lcv++, currva += PAGE_SIZE) {
940 
941 		/*
942 		 * dont play with VAs that are already mapped
943 		 * except for center)
944 		 */
945 		if (lcv != centeridx &&
946 		    pmap_extract(ufi.orig_map->pmap, currva, NULL)) {
947 			pages[lcv] = PGO_DONTCARE;
948 			continue;
949 		}
950 
951 		/*
952 		 * unmapped or center page.   check if any anon at this level.
953 		 */
954 		if (amap == NULL || anons[lcv] == NULL) {
955 			pages[lcv] = NULL;
956 			continue;
957 		}
958 
959 		/*
960 		 * check for present page and map if possible.   re-activate it.
961 		 */
962 
963 		pages[lcv] = PGO_DONTCARE;
964 		if (lcv == centeridx) {		/* save center for later! */
965 			shadowed = TRUE;
966 			continue;
967 		}
968 		anon = anons[lcv];
969 		simple_lock(&anon->an_lock);
970 		/* ignore loaned pages */
971 		if (anon->an_page && anon->an_page->loan_count == 0 &&
972 		    (anon->an_page->flags & PG_BUSY) == 0) {
973 			uvm_lock_pageq();
974 			uvm_pageenqueue(anon->an_page);
975 			uvm_unlock_pageq();
976 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,
977 			    "  MAPPING: n anon: pm=0x%x, va=0x%x, pg=0x%x",
978 			    ufi.orig_map->pmap, currva, anon->an_page, 0);
979 			uvmexp.fltnamap++;
980 
981 			/*
982 			 * Since this isn't the page that's actually faulting,
983 			 * ignore pmap_enter() failures; it's not critical
984 			 * that we enter these right now.
985 			 */
986 
987 			(void) pmap_enter(ufi.orig_map->pmap, currva,
988 			    VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(anon->an_page),
989 			    (anon->an_ref > 1) ? (enter_prot & ~VM_PROT_WRITE) :
990 			    enter_prot,
991 			    PMAP_CANFAIL |
992 			     (VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(ufi.entry) ? PMAP_WIRED : 0));
993 		}
994 		simple_unlock(&anon->an_lock);
995 		pmap_update(ufi.orig_map->pmap);
996 	}
997 
998 	/* locked: maps(read), amap(if there) */
999 	LOCK_ASSERT(amap == NULL || simple_lock_held(&amap->am_l));
1000 	/* (shadowed == TRUE) if there is an anon at the faulting address */
1001 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  shadowed=%d, will_get=%d", shadowed,
1002 	    (uobj && shadowed == FALSE),0,0);
1003 
1004 	/*
1005 	 * note that if we are really short of RAM we could sleep in the above
1006 	 * call to pmap_enter with everything locked.   bad?
1007 	 *
1008 	 * XXX Actually, that is bad; pmap_enter() should just fail in that
1009 	 * XXX case.  --thorpej
1010 	 */
1011 
1012 	/*
1013 	 * if the desired page is not shadowed by the amap and we have a
1014 	 * backing object, then we check to see if the backing object would
1015 	 * prefer to handle the fault itself (rather than letting us do it
1016 	 * with the usual pgo_get hook).  the backing object signals this by
1017 	 * providing a pgo_fault routine.
1018 	 */
1019 
1020 	if (uobj && shadowed == FALSE && uobj->pgops->pgo_fault != NULL) {
1021 		simple_lock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
1022 
1023 		/* locked: maps(read), amap (if there), uobj */
1024 		error = uobj->pgops->pgo_fault(&ufi, startva, pages, npages,
1025 		    centeridx, access_type, PGO_LOCKED|PGO_SYNCIO);
1026 
1027 		/* locked: nothing, pgo_fault has unlocked everything */
1028 
1029 		if (error == ERESTART)
1030 			goto ReFault;		/* try again! */
1031 		/*
1032 		 * object fault routine responsible for pmap_update().
1033 		 */
1034 		goto done;
1035 	}
1036 
1037 	/*
1038 	 * now, if the desired page is not shadowed by the amap and we have
1039 	 * a backing object that does not have a special fault routine, then
1040 	 * we ask (with pgo_get) the object for resident pages that we care
1041 	 * about and attempt to map them in.  we do not let pgo_get block
1042 	 * (PGO_LOCKED).
1043 	 */
1044 
1045 	if (uobj && shadowed == FALSE) {
1046 		simple_lock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
1047 
1048 		/* locked (!shadowed): maps(read), amap (if there), uobj */
1049 		/*
1050 		 * the following call to pgo_get does _not_ change locking state
1051 		 */
1052 
1053 		uvmexp.fltlget++;
1054 		gotpages = npages;
1055 		(void) uobj->pgops->pgo_get(uobj, ufi.entry->offset +
1056 				(startva - ufi.entry->start),
1057 				pages, &gotpages, centeridx,
1058 				access_type & MASK(ufi.entry),
1059 				ufi.entry->advice, PGO_LOCKED);
1060 
1061 		/*
1062 		 * check for pages to map, if we got any
1063 		 */
1064 
1065 		uobjpage = NULL;
1066 
1067 		if (gotpages) {
1068 			currva = startva;
1069 			for (lcv = 0; lcv < npages;
1070 			     lcv++, currva += PAGE_SIZE) {
1071 				struct vm_page *curpg;
1072 				boolean_t readonly;
1073 
1074 				curpg = pages[lcv];
1075 				if (curpg == NULL || curpg == PGO_DONTCARE) {
1076 					continue;
1077 				}
1078 				KASSERT(curpg->uobject == uobj);
1079 
1080 				/*
1081 				 * if center page is resident and not
1082 				 * PG_BUSY|PG_RELEASED then pgo_get
1083 				 * made it PG_BUSY for us and gave
1084 				 * us a handle to it.   remember this
1085 				 * page as "uobjpage." (for later use).
1086 				 */
1087 
1088 				if (lcv == centeridx) {
1089 					uobjpage = curpg;
1090 					UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  got uobjpage "
1091 					    "(0x%x) with locked get",
1092 					    uobjpage, 0,0,0);
1093 					continue;
1094 				}
1095 
1096 				/*
1097 				 * calling pgo_get with PGO_LOCKED returns us
1098 				 * pages which are neither busy nor released,
1099 				 * so we don't need to check for this.
1100 				 * we can just directly enter the pages.
1101 				 */
1102 
1103 				uvm_lock_pageq();
1104 				uvm_pageenqueue(curpg);
1105 				uvm_unlock_pageq();
1106 				UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,
1107 				  "  MAPPING: n obj: pm=0x%x, va=0x%x, pg=0x%x",
1108 				  ufi.orig_map->pmap, currva, curpg, 0);
1109 				uvmexp.fltnomap++;
1110 
1111 				/*
1112 				 * Since this page isn't the page that's
1113 				 * actually faulting, ignore pmap_enter()
1114 				 * failures; it's not critical that we
1115 				 * enter these right now.
1116 				 */
1117 				KASSERT((curpg->flags & PG_PAGEOUT) == 0);
1118 				KASSERT((curpg->flags & PG_RELEASED) == 0);
1119 				KASSERT(!UVM_OBJ_IS_CLEAN(curpg->uobject) ||
1120 				    (curpg->flags & PG_CLEAN) != 0);
1121 				readonly = (curpg->flags & PG_RDONLY)
1122 				    || (curpg->loan_count > 0)
1123 				    || UVM_OBJ_NEEDS_WRITEFAULT(curpg->uobject);
1124 
1125 				(void) pmap_enter(ufi.orig_map->pmap, currva,
1126 				    VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(curpg),
1127 				    readonly ?
1128 				    enter_prot & ~VM_PROT_WRITE :
1129 				    enter_prot & MASK(ufi.entry),
1130 				    PMAP_CANFAIL |
1131 				     (wired ? PMAP_WIRED : 0));
1132 
1133 				/*
1134 				 * NOTE: page can't be PG_WANTED or PG_RELEASED
1135 				 * because we've held the lock the whole time
1136 				 * we've had the handle.
1137 				 */
1138 				KASSERT((curpg->flags & PG_WANTED) == 0);
1139 				KASSERT((curpg->flags & PG_RELEASED) == 0);
1140 
1141 				curpg->flags &= ~(PG_BUSY);
1142 				UVM_PAGE_OWN(curpg, NULL);
1143 			}
1144 			pmap_update(ufi.orig_map->pmap);
1145 		}
1146 	} else {
1147 		uobjpage = NULL;
1148 	}
1149 
1150 	/* locked (shadowed): maps(read), amap */
1151 	/* locked (!shadowed): maps(read), amap(if there),
1152 		 uobj(if !null), uobjpage(if !null) */
1153 	if (shadowed) {
1154 		LOCK_ASSERT(simple_lock_held(&amap->am_l));
1155 	} else {
1156 		LOCK_ASSERT(amap == NULL || simple_lock_held(&amap->am_l));
1157 		LOCK_ASSERT(uobj == NULL || simple_lock_held(&uobj->vmobjlock));
1158 		KASSERT(uobjpage == NULL || (uobjpage->flags & PG_BUSY) != 0);
1159 	}
1160 
1161 	/*
1162 	 * note that at this point we are done with any front or back pages.
1163 	 * we are now going to focus on the center page (i.e. the one we've
1164 	 * faulted on).  if we have faulted on the top (anon) layer
1165 	 * [i.e. case 1], then the anon we want is anons[centeridx] (we have
1166 	 * not touched it yet).  if we have faulted on the bottom (uobj)
1167 	 * layer [i.e. case 2] and the page was both present and available,
1168 	 * then we've got a pointer to it as "uobjpage" and we've already
1169 	 * made it BUSY.
1170 	 */
1171 
1172 	/*
1173 	 * there are four possible cases we must address: 1A, 1B, 2A, and 2B
1174 	 */
1175 
1176 	/*
1177 	 * redirect case 2: if we are not shadowed, go to case 2.
1178 	 */
1179 
1180 	if (shadowed == FALSE)
1181 		goto Case2;
1182 
1183 	/* locked: maps(read), amap */
1184 
1185 	/*
1186 	 * handle case 1: fault on an anon in our amap
1187 	 */
1188 
1189 	anon = anons[centeridx];
1190 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  case 1 fault: anon=0x%x", anon, 0,0,0);
1191 	simple_lock(&anon->an_lock);
1192 
1193 	/* locked: maps(read), amap, anon */
1194 	LOCK_ASSERT(simple_lock_held(&amap->am_l));
1195 	LOCK_ASSERT(simple_lock_held(&anon->an_lock));
1196 
1197 	/*
1198 	 * no matter if we have case 1A or case 1B we are going to need to
1199 	 * have the anon's memory resident.   ensure that now.
1200 	 */
1201 
1202 	/*
1203 	 * let uvmfault_anonget do the dirty work.
1204 	 * if it fails (!OK) it will unlock everything for us.
1205 	 * if it succeeds, locks are still valid and locked.
1206 	 * also, if it is OK, then the anon's page is on the queues.
1207 	 * if the page is on loan from a uvm_object, then anonget will
1208 	 * lock that object for us if it does not fail.
1209 	 */
1210 
1211 	error = uvmfault_anonget(&ufi, amap, anon);
1212 	switch (error) {
1213 	case 0:
1214 		break;
1215 
1216 	case ERESTART:
1217 		goto ReFault;
1218 
1219 	case EAGAIN:
1220 		tsleep(&lbolt, PVM, "fltagain1", 0);
1221 		goto ReFault;
1222 
1223 	default:
1224 		goto done;
1225 	}
1226 
1227 	/*
1228 	 * uobj is non null if the page is on loan from an object (i.e. uobj)
1229 	 */
1230 
1231 	uobj = anon->an_page->uobject;	/* locked by anonget if !NULL */
1232 
1233 	/* locked: maps(read), amap, anon, uobj(if one) */
1234 	LOCK_ASSERT(simple_lock_held(&amap->am_l));
1235 	LOCK_ASSERT(simple_lock_held(&anon->an_lock));
1236 	LOCK_ASSERT(uobj == NULL || simple_lock_held(&uobj->vmobjlock));
1237 
1238 	/*
1239 	 * special handling for loaned pages
1240 	 */
1241 
1242 	if (anon->an_page->loan_count) {
1243 
1244 		if (!cow_now) {
1245 
1246 			/*
1247 			 * for read faults on loaned pages we just cap the
1248 			 * protection at read-only.
1249 			 */
1250 
1251 			enter_prot = enter_prot & ~VM_PROT_WRITE;
1252 
1253 		} else {
1254 			/*
1255 			 * note that we can't allow writes into a loaned page!
1256 			 *
1257 			 * if we have a write fault on a loaned page in an
1258 			 * anon then we need to look at the anon's ref count.
1259 			 * if it is greater than one then we are going to do
1260 			 * a normal copy-on-write fault into a new anon (this
1261 			 * is not a problem).  however, if the reference count
1262 			 * is one (a case where we would normally allow a
1263 			 * write directly to the page) then we need to kill
1264 			 * the loan before we continue.
1265 			 */
1266 
1267 			/* >1 case is already ok */
1268 			if (anon->an_ref == 1) {
1269 
1270 				/* get new un-owned replacement page */
1271 				pg = uvm_pagealloc(NULL, 0, NULL, 0);
1272 				if (pg == NULL) {
1273 					uvmfault_unlockall(&ufi, amap, uobj,
1274 					    anon);
1275 					uvm_wait("flt_noram2");
1276 					goto ReFault;
1277 				}
1278 
1279 				/*
1280 				 * copy data, kill loan, and drop uobj lock
1281 				 * (if any)
1282 				 */
1283 				/* copy old -> new */
1284 				uvm_pagecopy(anon->an_page, pg);
1285 
1286 				/* force reload */
1287 				pmap_page_protect(anon->an_page,
1288 						  VM_PROT_NONE);
1289 				uvm_lock_pageq();	  /* KILL loan */
1290 
1291 				anon->an_page->uanon = NULL;
1292 				/* in case we owned */
1293 				anon->an_page->pqflags &= ~PQ_ANON;
1294 
1295 				if (uobj) {
1296 					/* if we were receiver of loan */
1297 					anon->an_page->loan_count--;
1298 				} else {
1299 					/*
1300 					 * we were the lender (A->K); need
1301 					 * to remove the page from pageq's.
1302 					 */
1303 					uvm_pagedequeue(anon->an_page);
1304 				}
1305 
1306 				if (uobj) {
1307 					simple_unlock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
1308 					uobj = NULL;
1309 				}
1310 
1311 				/* install new page in anon */
1312 				anon->an_page = pg;
1313 				pg->uanon = anon;
1314 				pg->pqflags |= PQ_ANON;
1315 
1316 				uvm_pageactivate(pg);
1317 				uvm_unlock_pageq();
1318 
1319 				pg->flags &= ~(PG_BUSY|PG_FAKE);
1320 				UVM_PAGE_OWN(pg, NULL);
1321 
1322 				/* done! */
1323 			}     /* ref == 1 */
1324 		}       /* write fault */
1325 	}         /* loan count */
1326 
1327 	/*
1328 	 * if we are case 1B then we will need to allocate a new blank
1329 	 * anon to transfer the data into.   note that we have a lock
1330 	 * on anon, so no one can busy or release the page until we are done.
1331 	 * also note that the ref count can't drop to zero here because
1332 	 * it is > 1 and we are only dropping one ref.
1333 	 *
1334 	 * in the (hopefully very rare) case that we are out of RAM we
1335 	 * will unlock, wait for more RAM, and refault.
1336 	 *
1337 	 * if we are out of anon VM we kill the process (XXX: could wait?).
1338 	 */
1339 
1340 	if (cow_now && anon->an_ref > 1) {
1341 
1342 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  case 1B: COW fault",0,0,0,0);
1343 		uvmexp.flt_acow++;
1344 		oanon = anon;		/* oanon = old, locked anon */
1345 
1346 		error = uvmfault_promote(&ufi, oanon, PGO_DONTCARE,
1347 		    &anon, &anon_spare);
1348 		switch (error) {
1349 		case 0:
1350 			break;
1351 		case ERESTART:
1352 			goto ReFault;
1353 		default:
1354 			goto done;
1355 		}
1356 
1357 		pg = anon->an_page;
1358 		uvm_lock_pageq();
1359 		uvm_pageactivate(pg);
1360 		uvm_unlock_pageq();
1361 		pg->flags &= ~(PG_BUSY|PG_FAKE);
1362 		UVM_PAGE_OWN(pg, NULL);
1363 
1364 		/* deref: can not drop to zero here by defn! */
1365 		oanon->an_ref--;
1366 
1367 		/*
1368 		 * note: oanon is still locked, as is the new anon.  we
1369 		 * need to check for this later when we unlock oanon; if
1370 		 * oanon != anon, we'll have to unlock anon, too.
1371 		 */
1372 
1373 	} else {
1374 
1375 		uvmexp.flt_anon++;
1376 		oanon = anon;		/* old, locked anon is same as anon */
1377 		pg = anon->an_page;
1378 		if (anon->an_ref > 1)     /* disallow writes to ref > 1 anons */
1379 			enter_prot = enter_prot & ~VM_PROT_WRITE;
1380 
1381 	}
1382 
1383 	/* locked: maps(read), amap, oanon, anon (if different from oanon) */
1384 	LOCK_ASSERT(simple_lock_held(&amap->am_l));
1385 	LOCK_ASSERT(simple_lock_held(&anon->an_lock));
1386 	LOCK_ASSERT(simple_lock_held(&oanon->an_lock));
1387 
1388 	/*
1389 	 * now map the page in.
1390 	 */
1391 
1392 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  MAPPING: anon: pm=0x%x, va=0x%x, pg=0x%x",
1393 	    ufi.orig_map->pmap, ufi.orig_rvaddr, pg, 0);
1394 	if (pmap_enter(ufi.orig_map->pmap, ufi.orig_rvaddr, VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(pg),
1395 	    enter_prot, access_type | PMAP_CANFAIL | (wired ? PMAP_WIRED : 0))
1396 	    != 0) {
1397 
1398 		/*
1399 		 * No need to undo what we did; we can simply think of
1400 		 * this as the pmap throwing away the mapping information.
1401 		 *
1402 		 * We do, however, have to go through the ReFault path,
1403 		 * as the map may change while we're asleep.
1404 		 */
1405 
1406 		if (anon != oanon)
1407 			simple_unlock(&anon->an_lock);
1408 		uvmfault_unlockall(&ufi, amap, uobj, oanon);
1409 		if (!uvm_reclaimable()) {
1410 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,
1411 			    "<- failed.  out of VM",0,0,0,0);
1412 			/* XXX instrumentation */
1413 			error = ENOMEM;
1414 			goto done;
1415 		}
1416 		/* XXX instrumentation */
1417 		uvm_wait("flt_pmfail1");
1418 		goto ReFault;
1419 	}
1420 
1421 	/*
1422 	 * ... update the page queues.
1423 	 */
1424 
1425 	uvm_lock_pageq();
1426 	if (wire_fault) {
1427 		uvm_pagewire(pg);
1428 
1429 		/*
1430 		 * since the now-wired page cannot be paged out,
1431 		 * release its swap resources for others to use.
1432 		 * since an anon with no swap cannot be PG_CLEAN,
1433 		 * clear its clean flag now.
1434 		 */
1435 
1436 		pg->flags &= ~(PG_CLEAN);
1437 		uvm_anon_dropswap(anon);
1438 	} else {
1439 		uvm_pageactivate(pg);
1440 	}
1441 	uvm_unlock_pageq();
1442 
1443 	/*
1444 	 * done case 1!  finish up by unlocking everything and returning success
1445 	 */
1446 
1447 	if (anon != oanon)
1448 		simple_unlock(&anon->an_lock);
1449 	uvmfault_unlockall(&ufi, amap, uobj, oanon);
1450 	pmap_update(ufi.orig_map->pmap);
1451 	error = 0;
1452 	goto done;
1453 
1454 Case2:
1455 	/*
1456 	 * handle case 2: faulting on backing object or zero fill
1457 	 */
1458 
1459 	/*
1460 	 * locked:
1461 	 * maps(read), amap(if there), uobj(if !null), uobjpage(if !null)
1462 	 */
1463 	LOCK_ASSERT(amap == NULL || simple_lock_held(&amap->am_l));
1464 	LOCK_ASSERT(uobj == NULL || simple_lock_held(&uobj->vmobjlock));
1465 	LOCK_ASSERT(uobjpage == NULL || (uobjpage->flags & PG_BUSY) != 0);
1466 
1467 	/*
1468 	 * note that uobjpage can not be PGO_DONTCARE at this point.  we now
1469 	 * set uobjpage to PGO_DONTCARE if we are doing a zero fill.  if we
1470 	 * have a backing object, check and see if we are going to promote
1471 	 * the data up to an anon during the fault.
1472 	 */
1473 
1474 	if (uobj == NULL) {
1475 		uobjpage = PGO_DONTCARE;
1476 		promote = TRUE;		/* always need anon here */
1477 	} else {
1478 		KASSERT(uobjpage != PGO_DONTCARE);
1479 		promote = cow_now && UVM_ET_ISCOPYONWRITE(ufi.entry);
1480 	}
1481 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "  case 2 fault: promote=%d, zfill=%d",
1482 	    promote, (uobj == NULL), 0,0);
1483 
1484 	/*
1485 	 * if uobjpage is not null then we do not need to do I/O to get the
1486 	 * uobjpage.
1487 	 *
1488 	 * if uobjpage is null, then we need to unlock and ask the pager to
1489 	 * get the data for us.   once we have the data, we need to reverify
1490 	 * the state the world.   we are currently not holding any resources.
1491 	 */
1492 
1493 	if (uobjpage) {
1494 		/* update rusage counters */
1495 		curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_minflt++;
1496 	} else {
1497 		/* update rusage counters */
1498 		curproc->p_stats->p_ru.ru_majflt++;
1499 
1500 		/* locked: maps(read), amap(if there), uobj */
1501 		uvmfault_unlockall(&ufi, amap, NULL, NULL);
1502 		/* locked: uobj */
1503 
1504 		uvmexp.fltget++;
1505 		gotpages = 1;
1506 		uoff = (ufi.orig_rvaddr - ufi.entry->start) + ufi.entry->offset;
1507 		error = uobj->pgops->pgo_get(uobj, uoff, &uobjpage, &gotpages,
1508 		    0, access_type & MASK(ufi.entry), ufi.entry->advice,
1509 		    PGO_SYNCIO);
1510 		/* locked: uobjpage(if no error) */
1511 		LOCK_ASSERT(error != 0 || (uobjpage->flags & PG_BUSY) != 0);
1512 
1513 		/*
1514 		 * recover from I/O
1515 		 */
1516 
1517 		if (error) {
1518 			if (error == EAGAIN) {
1519 				UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,
1520 				    "  pgo_get says TRY AGAIN!",0,0,0,0);
1521 				tsleep(&lbolt, PVM, "fltagain2", 0);
1522 				goto ReFault;
1523 			}
1524 
1525 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- pgo_get failed (code %d)",
1526 			    error, 0,0,0);
1527 			goto done;
1528 		}
1529 
1530 		/* locked: uobjpage */
1531 
1532 		uvm_lock_pageq();
1533 		uvm_pageactivate(uobjpage);
1534 		uvm_unlock_pageq();
1535 
1536 		/*
1537 		 * re-verify the state of the world by first trying to relock
1538 		 * the maps.  always relock the object.
1539 		 */
1540 
1541 		locked = uvmfault_relock(&ufi);
1542 		if (locked && amap)
1543 			amap_lock(amap);
1544 		uobj = uobjpage->uobject;
1545 		simple_lock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
1546 
1547 		/* locked(locked): maps(read), amap(if !null), uobj, uobjpage */
1548 		/* locked(!locked): uobj, uobjpage */
1549 
1550 		/*
1551 		 * verify that the page has not be released and re-verify
1552 		 * that amap slot is still free.   if there is a problem,
1553 		 * we unlock and clean up.
1554 		 */
1555 
1556 		if ((uobjpage->flags & PG_RELEASED) != 0 ||
1557 		    (locked && amap &&
1558 		    amap_lookup(&ufi.entry->aref,
1559 		      ufi.orig_rvaddr - ufi.entry->start))) {
1560 			if (locked)
1561 				uvmfault_unlockall(&ufi, amap, NULL, NULL);
1562 			locked = FALSE;
1563 		}
1564 
1565 		/*
1566 		 * didn't get the lock?   release the page and retry.
1567 		 */
1568 
1569 		if (locked == FALSE) {
1570 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,
1571 			    "  wasn't able to relock after fault: retry",
1572 			    0,0,0,0);
1573 			if (uobjpage->flags & PG_WANTED)
1574 				wakeup(uobjpage);
1575 			if (uobjpage->flags & PG_RELEASED) {
1576 				uvmexp.fltpgrele++;
1577 				uvm_pagefree(uobjpage);
1578 				goto ReFault;
1579 			}
1580 			uobjpage->flags &= ~(PG_BUSY|PG_WANTED);
1581 			UVM_PAGE_OWN(uobjpage, NULL);
1582 			simple_unlock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
1583 			goto ReFault;
1584 		}
1585 
1586 		/*
1587 		 * we have the data in uobjpage which is busy and
1588 		 * not released.  we are holding object lock (so the page
1589 		 * can't be released on us).
1590 		 */
1591 
1592 		/* locked: maps(read), amap(if !null), uobj, uobjpage */
1593 	}
1594 
1595 	/*
1596 	 * locked:
1597 	 * maps(read), amap(if !null), uobj(if !null), uobjpage(if uobj)
1598 	 */
1599 	LOCK_ASSERT(amap == NULL || simple_lock_held(&amap->am_l));
1600 	LOCK_ASSERT(uobj == NULL || simple_lock_held(&uobj->vmobjlock));
1601 	LOCK_ASSERT(uobj == NULL || (uobjpage->flags & PG_BUSY) != 0);
1602 
1603 	/*
1604 	 * notes:
1605 	 *  - at this point uobjpage can not be NULL
1606 	 *  - at this point uobjpage can not be PG_RELEASED (since we checked
1607 	 *  for it above)
1608 	 *  - at this point uobjpage could be PG_WANTED (handle later)
1609 	 */
1610 
1611 	KASSERT(uobj == NULL || uobj == uobjpage->uobject);
1612 	KASSERT(uobj == NULL || !UVM_OBJ_IS_CLEAN(uobjpage->uobject) ||
1613 	    (uobjpage->flags & PG_CLEAN) != 0);
1614 	if (promote == FALSE) {
1615 
1616 		/*
1617 		 * we are not promoting.   if the mapping is COW ensure that we
1618 		 * don't give more access than we should (e.g. when doing a read
1619 		 * fault on a COPYONWRITE mapping we want to map the COW page in
1620 		 * R/O even though the entry protection could be R/W).
1621 		 *
1622 		 * set "pg" to the page we want to map in (uobjpage, usually)
1623 		 */
1624 
1625 		/* no anon in this case. */
1626 		anon = NULL;
1627 
1628 		uvmexp.flt_obj++;
1629 		if (UVM_ET_ISCOPYONWRITE(ufi.entry) ||
1630 		    UVM_OBJ_NEEDS_WRITEFAULT(uobjpage->uobject))
1631 			enter_prot &= ~VM_PROT_WRITE;
1632 		pg = uobjpage;		/* map in the actual object */
1633 
1634 		KASSERT(uobjpage != PGO_DONTCARE);
1635 
1636 		/*
1637 		 * we are faulting directly on the page.   be careful
1638 		 * about writing to loaned pages...
1639 		 */
1640 
1641 		if (uobjpage->loan_count) {
1642 			if (!cow_now) {
1643 				/* read fault: cap the protection at readonly */
1644 				/* cap! */
1645 				enter_prot = enter_prot & ~VM_PROT_WRITE;
1646 			} else {
1647 				/* write fault: must break the loan here */
1648 
1649 				pg = uvm_loanbreak(uobjpage);
1650 				if (pg == NULL) {
1651 
1652 					/*
1653 					 * drop ownership of page, it can't
1654 					 * be released
1655 					 */
1656 
1657 					if (uobjpage->flags & PG_WANTED)
1658 						wakeup(uobjpage);
1659 					uobjpage->flags &= ~(PG_BUSY|PG_WANTED);
1660 					UVM_PAGE_OWN(uobjpage, NULL);
1661 
1662 					uvmfault_unlockall(&ufi, amap, uobj,
1663 					  NULL);
1664 					UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,
1665 					  "  out of RAM breaking loan, waiting",
1666 					  0,0,0,0);
1667 					uvmexp.fltnoram++;
1668 					uvm_wait("flt_noram4");
1669 					goto ReFault;
1670 				}
1671 				uobjpage = pg;
1672 			}
1673 		}
1674 	} else {
1675 
1676 		/*
1677 		 * if we are going to promote the data to an anon we
1678 		 * allocate a blank anon here and plug it into our amap.
1679 		 */
1680 #if DIAGNOSTIC
1681 		if (amap == NULL)
1682 			panic("uvm_fault: want to promote data, but no anon");
1683 #endif
1684 		error = uvmfault_promote(&ufi, NULL, uobjpage,
1685 		    &anon, &anon_spare);
1686 		switch (error) {
1687 		case 0:
1688 			break;
1689 		case ERESTART:
1690 			goto ReFault;
1691 		default:
1692 			goto done;
1693 		}
1694 
1695 		pg = anon->an_page;
1696 
1697 		/*
1698 		 * fill in the data
1699 		 */
1700 
1701 		if (uobjpage != PGO_DONTCARE) {
1702 			uvmexp.flt_prcopy++;
1703 
1704 			/*
1705 			 * promote to shared amap?  make sure all sharing
1706 			 * procs see it
1707 			 */
1708 
1709 			if ((amap_flags(amap) & AMAP_SHARED) != 0) {
1710 				pmap_page_protect(uobjpage, VM_PROT_NONE);
1711 				/*
1712 				 * XXX: PAGE MIGHT BE WIRED!
1713 				 */
1714 			}
1715 
1716 			/*
1717 			 * dispose of uobjpage.  it can't be PG_RELEASED
1718 			 * since we still hold the object lock.
1719 			 * drop handle to uobj as well.
1720 			 */
1721 
1722 			if (uobjpage->flags & PG_WANTED)
1723 				/* still have the obj lock */
1724 				wakeup(uobjpage);
1725 			uobjpage->flags &= ~(PG_BUSY|PG_WANTED);
1726 			UVM_PAGE_OWN(uobjpage, NULL);
1727 			simple_unlock(&uobj->vmobjlock);
1728 			uobj = NULL;
1729 
1730 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,
1731 			    "  promote uobjpage 0x%x to anon/page 0x%x/0x%x",
1732 			    uobjpage, anon, pg, 0);
1733 
1734 		} else {
1735 			uvmexp.flt_przero++;
1736 
1737 			/*
1738 			 * Page is zero'd and marked dirty by
1739 			 * uvmfault_promote().
1740 			 */
1741 
1742 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,"  zero fill anon/page 0x%x/0%x",
1743 			    anon, pg, 0, 0);
1744 		}
1745 	}
1746 
1747 	/*
1748 	 * locked:
1749 	 * maps(read), amap(if !null), uobj(if !null), uobjpage(if uobj),
1750 	 *   anon(if !null), pg(if anon)
1751 	 *
1752 	 * note: pg is either the uobjpage or the new page in the new anon
1753 	 */
1754 	LOCK_ASSERT(amap == NULL || simple_lock_held(&amap->am_l));
1755 	LOCK_ASSERT(uobj == NULL || simple_lock_held(&uobj->vmobjlock));
1756 	LOCK_ASSERT(uobj == NULL || (uobjpage->flags & PG_BUSY) != 0);
1757 	LOCK_ASSERT(anon == NULL || simple_lock_held(&anon->an_lock));
1758 	LOCK_ASSERT((pg->flags & PG_BUSY) != 0);
1759 
1760 	/*
1761 	 * all resources are present.   we can now map it in and free our
1762 	 * resources.
1763 	 */
1764 
1765 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,
1766 	    "  MAPPING: case2: pm=0x%x, va=0x%x, pg=0x%x, promote=%d",
1767 	    ufi.orig_map->pmap, ufi.orig_rvaddr, pg, promote);
1768 	KASSERT((access_type & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0 ||
1769 		(pg->flags & PG_RDONLY) == 0);
1770 	if (pmap_enter(ufi.orig_map->pmap, ufi.orig_rvaddr, VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(pg),
1771 	    pg->flags & PG_RDONLY ? enter_prot & ~VM_PROT_WRITE : enter_prot,
1772 	    access_type | PMAP_CANFAIL | (wired ? PMAP_WIRED : 0)) != 0) {
1773 
1774 		/*
1775 		 * No need to undo what we did; we can simply think of
1776 		 * this as the pmap throwing away the mapping information.
1777 		 *
1778 		 * We do, however, have to go through the ReFault path,
1779 		 * as the map may change while we're asleep.
1780 		 */
1781 
1782 		if (pg->flags & PG_WANTED)
1783 			wakeup(pg);
1784 
1785 		/*
1786 		 * note that pg can't be PG_RELEASED since we did not drop
1787 		 * the object lock since the last time we checked.
1788 		 */
1789 		KASSERT((pg->flags & PG_RELEASED) == 0);
1790 
1791 		pg->flags &= ~(PG_BUSY|PG_FAKE|PG_WANTED);
1792 		UVM_PAGE_OWN(pg, NULL);
1793 		uvmfault_unlockall(&ufi, amap, uobj, anon);
1794 		if (!uvm_reclaimable()) {
1795 			UVMHIST_LOG(maphist,
1796 			    "<- failed.  out of VM",0,0,0,0);
1797 			/* XXX instrumentation */
1798 			error = ENOMEM;
1799 			goto done;
1800 		}
1801 		/* XXX instrumentation */
1802 		uvm_wait("flt_pmfail2");
1803 		goto ReFault;
1804 	}
1805 
1806 	uvm_lock_pageq();
1807 	if (wire_fault) {
1808 		uvm_pagewire(pg);
1809 		if (pg->pqflags & PQ_AOBJ) {
1810 
1811 			/*
1812 			 * since the now-wired page cannot be paged out,
1813 			 * release its swap resources for others to use.
1814 			 * since an aobj page with no swap cannot be PG_CLEAN,
1815 			 * clear its clean flag now.
1816 			 */
1817 
1818 			KASSERT(uobj != NULL);
1819 			pg->flags &= ~(PG_CLEAN);
1820 			uao_dropswap(uobj, pg->offset >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1821 		}
1822 	} else {
1823 		uvm_pageactivate(pg);
1824 	}
1825 	uvm_unlock_pageq();
1826 	if (pg->flags & PG_WANTED)
1827 		wakeup(pg);
1828 
1829 	/*
1830 	 * note that pg can't be PG_RELEASED since we did not drop the object
1831 	 * lock since the last time we checked.
1832 	 */
1833 	KASSERT((pg->flags & PG_RELEASED) == 0);
1834 
1835 	pg->flags &= ~(PG_BUSY|PG_FAKE|PG_WANTED);
1836 	UVM_PAGE_OWN(pg, NULL);
1837 	uvmfault_unlockall(&ufi, amap, uobj, anon);
1838 	pmap_update(ufi.orig_map->pmap);
1839 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, "<- done (SUCCESS!)",0,0,0,0);
1840 	error = 0;
1841 done:
1842 	if (anon_spare != NULL) {
1843 		anon_spare->an_ref--;
1844 		uvm_anfree(anon_spare);
1845 	}
1846 	return error;
1847 }
1848 
1849 
1850 /*
1851  * uvm_fault_wire: wire down a range of virtual addresses in a map.
1852  *
1853  * => map may be read-locked by caller, but MUST NOT be write-locked.
1854  * => if map is read-locked, any operations which may cause map to
1855  *	be write-locked in uvm_fault() must be taken care of by
1856  *	the caller.  See uvm_map_pageable().
1857  */
1858 
1859 int
1860 uvm_fault_wire(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end,
1861     vm_prot_t access_type, int wiremax)
1862 {
1863 	vaddr_t va;
1864 	int error;
1865 
1866 	/*
1867 	 * now fault it in a page at a time.   if the fault fails then we have
1868 	 * to undo what we have done.   note that in uvm_fault VM_PROT_NONE
1869 	 * is replaced with the max protection if fault_type is VM_FAULT_WIRE.
1870 	 */
1871 
1872 	/*
1873 	 * XXX work around overflowing a vaddr_t.  this prevents us from
1874 	 * wiring the last page in the address space, though.
1875 	 */
1876 	if (start > end) {
1877 		return EFAULT;
1878 	}
1879 
1880 	for (va = start ; va < end ; va += PAGE_SIZE) {
1881 		error = uvm_fault_internal(map, va, access_type,
1882 				wiremax ? UVM_FAULT_WIREMAX : UVM_FAULT_WIRE);
1883 		if (error) {
1884 			if (va != start) {
1885 				uvm_fault_unwire(map, start, va);
1886 			}
1887 			return error;
1888 		}
1889 	}
1890 	return 0;
1891 }
1892 
1893 /*
1894  * uvm_fault_unwire(): unwire range of virtual space.
1895  */
1896 
1897 void
1898 uvm_fault_unwire(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end)
1899 {
1900 	vm_map_lock_read(map);
1901 	uvm_fault_unwire_locked(map, start, end);
1902 	vm_map_unlock_read(map);
1903 }
1904 
1905 /*
1906  * uvm_fault_unwire_locked(): the guts of uvm_fault_unwire().
1907  *
1908  * => map must be at least read-locked.
1909  */
1910 
1911 void
1912 uvm_fault_unwire_locked(struct vm_map *map, vaddr_t start, vaddr_t end)
1913 {
1914 	struct vm_map_entry *entry;
1915 	pmap_t pmap = vm_map_pmap(map);
1916 	vaddr_t va;
1917 	paddr_t pa;
1918 	struct vm_page *pg;
1919 
1920 	KASSERT((map->flags & VM_MAP_INTRSAFE) == 0);
1921 
1922 	/*
1923 	 * we assume that the area we are unwiring has actually been wired
1924 	 * in the first place.   this means that we should be able to extract
1925 	 * the PAs from the pmap.   we also lock out the page daemon so that
1926 	 * we can call uvm_pageunwire.
1927 	 */
1928 
1929 	uvm_lock_pageq();
1930 
1931 	/*
1932 	 * find the beginning map entry for the region.
1933 	 */
1934 
1935 	KASSERT(start >= vm_map_min(map) && end <= vm_map_max(map));
1936 	if (uvm_map_lookup_entry(map, start, &entry) == FALSE)
1937 		panic("uvm_fault_unwire_locked: address not in map");
1938 
1939 	for (va = start; va < end; va += PAGE_SIZE) {
1940 		if (pmap_extract(pmap, va, &pa) == FALSE)
1941 			continue;
1942 
1943 		/*
1944 		 * find the map entry for the current address.
1945 		 */
1946 
1947 		KASSERT(va >= entry->start);
1948 		while (va >= entry->end) {
1949 			KASSERT(entry->next != &map->header &&
1950 				entry->next->start <= entry->end);
1951 			entry = entry->next;
1952 		}
1953 
1954 		/*
1955 		 * if the entry is no longer wired, tell the pmap.
1956 		 */
1957 
1958 		if (VM_MAPENT_ISWIRED(entry) == 0)
1959 			pmap_unwire(pmap, va);
1960 
1961 		pg = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
1962 		if (pg)
1963 			uvm_pageunwire(pg);
1964 	}
1965 
1966 	uvm_unlock_pageq();
1967 }
1968