xref: /netbsd-src/sys/secmodel/securelevel/secmodel_securelevel.c (revision 267197ec1eebfcb9810ea27a89625b6ddf68e3e7)
1 /* $NetBSD: secmodel_securelevel.c,v 1.8 2008/01/23 15:04:41 elad Exp $ */
2 /*-
3  * Copyright (c) 2006 Elad Efrat <elad@NetBSD.org>
4  * All rights reserved.
5  *
6  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8  * are met:
9  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
15  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
19  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
20  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
21  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
22  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
23  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
24  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
25  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
26  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 /*
30  * This file contains kauth(9) listeners needed to implement the traditional
31  * NetBSD securelevel.
32  *
33  * The securelevel is a system-global indication on what operations are
34  * allowed or not. It affects all users, including root.
35  */
36 
37 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
38 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: secmodel_securelevel.c,v 1.8 2008/01/23 15:04:41 elad Exp $");
39 
40 #ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
41 #include "opt_insecure.h"
42 #endif /* _KERNEL_OPT */
43 
44 #include <sys/types.h>
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 #include <sys/kauth.h>
47 
48 #include <sys/conf.h>
49 #include <sys/mount.h>
50 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
51 #include <sys/vnode.h>
52 
53 #include <miscfs/specfs/specdev.h>
54 
55 #include <secmodel/securelevel/securelevel.h>
56 
57 static int securelevel;
58 
59 static kauth_listener_t l_system, l_process, l_network, l_machdep, l_device;
60 
61 /*
62  * sysctl helper routine for securelevel. ensures that the value
63  * only rises unless the caller has pid 1 (assumed to be init).
64  */
65 int
66 secmodel_securelevel_sysctl(SYSCTLFN_ARGS)
67 {
68 	int newsecurelevel, error;
69 	struct sysctlnode node;
70 
71 	newsecurelevel = securelevel;
72 	node = *rnode;
73 	node.sysctl_data = &newsecurelevel;
74 	error = sysctl_lookup(SYSCTLFN_CALL(&node));
75 	if (error || newp == NULL)
76 		return (error);
77 
78 	if (newsecurelevel < securelevel && l && l->l_proc->p_pid != 1)
79 		return (EPERM);
80 
81 	securelevel = newsecurelevel;
82 
83 	return (error);
84 }
85 
86 void
87 secmodel_securelevel_init(void)
88 {
89 #ifdef INSECURE
90 	securelevel = -1;
91 #else
92 	securelevel = 0;
93 #endif /* INSECURE */
94 }
95 
96 SYSCTL_SETUP(sysctl_security_securelevel_setup,
97     "sysctl security securelevel setup")
98 {
99 	/*
100 	 * For compatibility, we create a kern.securelevel variable.
101 	 */
102 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
103 		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
104 		       CTLTYPE_NODE, "kern", NULL,
105 		       NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
106 		       CTL_KERN, CTL_EOL);
107 
108 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
109 		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
110 		       CTLTYPE_INT, "securelevel",
111 		       SYSCTL_DESCR("System security level"),
112 		       secmodel_securelevel_sysctl, 0, NULL, 0,
113 		       CTL_KERN, KERN_SECURELVL, CTL_EOL);
114 }
115 
116 void
117 secmodel_securelevel_start(void)
118 {
119 	l_system = kauth_listen_scope(KAUTH_SCOPE_SYSTEM,
120 	    secmodel_securelevel_system_cb, NULL);
121 	l_process = kauth_listen_scope(KAUTH_SCOPE_PROCESS,
122 	    secmodel_securelevel_process_cb, NULL);
123 	l_network = kauth_listen_scope(KAUTH_SCOPE_NETWORK,
124 	    secmodel_securelevel_network_cb, NULL);
125 	l_machdep = kauth_listen_scope(KAUTH_SCOPE_MACHDEP,
126 	    secmodel_securelevel_machdep_cb, NULL);
127 	l_device = kauth_listen_scope(KAUTH_SCOPE_DEVICE,
128 	    secmodel_securelevel_device_cb, NULL);
129 }
130 
131 #if defined(_LKM)
132 void
133 secmodel_securelevel_stop(void)
134 {
135 	kauth_unlisten_scope(l_system);
136 	kauth_unlisten_scope(l_process);
137 	kauth_unlisten_scope(l_network);
138 	kauth_unlisten_scope(l_machdep);
139 	kauth_unlisten_scope(l_device);
140 }
141 #endif /* _LKM */
142 
143 /*
144  * kauth(9) listener
145  *
146  * Security model: Traditional NetBSD
147  * Scope: System
148  * Responsibility: Securelevel
149  */
150 int
151 secmodel_securelevel_system_cb(kauth_cred_t cred,
152     kauth_action_t action, void *cookie, void *arg0, void *arg1,
153     void *arg2, void *arg3)
154 {
155 	int result;
156 	enum kauth_system_req req;
157 
158 	result = KAUTH_RESULT_DEFER;
159 	req = (enum kauth_system_req)arg0;
160 
161 	switch (action) {
162 	case KAUTH_SYSTEM_CHSYSFLAGS:
163 		if (securelevel > 0)
164 			result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
165 		break;
166 
167 	case KAUTH_SYSTEM_TIME:
168 		switch (req) {
169 		case KAUTH_REQ_SYSTEM_TIME_RTCOFFSET:
170 			if (securelevel > 0)
171 				result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
172 			break;
173 
174 		case KAUTH_REQ_SYSTEM_TIME_SYSTEM: {
175 			struct timespec *ts = arg1;
176 			struct timeval *delta = arg2;
177 
178 			/*
179 			 * Don't allow the time to be set forward so far it will wrap
180 			 * and become negative, thus allowing an attacker to bypass
181 			 * the next check below.  The cutoff is 1 year before rollover
182 			 * occurs, so even if the attacker uses adjtime(2) to move
183 			 * the time past the cutoff, it will take a very long time
184 			 * to get to the wrap point.
185 			 *
186 			 * XXX: we check against INT_MAX since on 64-bit
187 			 *      platforms, sizeof(int) != sizeof(long) and
188 			 *      time_t is 32 bits even when atv.tv_sec is 64 bits.
189 			 */
190 			if (securelevel > 1 &&
191 			    ((ts->tv_sec > INT_MAX - 365*24*60*60) ||
192 			     (delta->tv_sec < 0 || delta->tv_usec < 0)))
193 				result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
194 
195 			break;
196 		}
197 
198 		default:
199 			break;
200 		}
201 		break;
202 
203 	case KAUTH_SYSTEM_LKM:
204 	case KAUTH_SYSTEM_MODULE:
205 		if (securelevel > 0)
206 			result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
207 		break;
208 
209 	case KAUTH_SYSTEM_MOUNT:
210 		switch (req) {
211 		case KAUTH_REQ_SYSTEM_MOUNT_NEW:
212 			if (securelevel > 1)
213 				result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
214 
215 			break;
216 
217 		case KAUTH_REQ_SYSTEM_MOUNT_UPDATE:
218 			if (securelevel > 1) {
219 				struct mount *mp = arg1;
220 				u_long flags = (u_long)arg2;
221 
222 				/* Can only degrade from read/write to read-only. */
223 				if (flags != (mp->mnt_flag | MNT_RDONLY | MNT_RELOAD |
224 				    MNT_FORCE | MNT_UPDATE))
225 					result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
226 			}
227 
228 			break;
229 
230 		default:
231 			break;
232 		}
233 
234 		break;
235 
236 	case KAUTH_SYSTEM_SYSCTL:
237 		switch (req) {
238 		case KAUTH_REQ_SYSTEM_SYSCTL_ADD:
239 		case KAUTH_REQ_SYSTEM_SYSCTL_DELETE:
240 		case KAUTH_REQ_SYSTEM_SYSCTL_DESC:
241 			if (securelevel > 0)
242 				result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
243 			break;
244 
245 		default:
246 			break;
247 		}
248 		break;
249 
250 	case KAUTH_SYSTEM_SETIDCORE:
251 		if (securelevel > 0)
252 			result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
253 		break;
254 
255 	case KAUTH_SYSTEM_DEBUG:
256 		switch (req) {
257 		case KAUTH_REQ_SYSTEM_DEBUG_IPKDB:
258 			if (securelevel > 0)
259 				result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
260 			break;
261 
262 		default:
263 			break;
264 		}
265 		break;
266 	}
267 
268 	return (result);
269 }
270 
271 /*
272  * kauth(9) listener
273  *
274  * Security model: Traditional NetBSD
275  * Scope: Process
276  * Responsibility: Securelevel
277  */
278 int
279 secmodel_securelevel_process_cb(kauth_cred_t cred,
280     kauth_action_t action, void *cookie, void *arg0,
281     void *arg1, void *arg2, void *arg3)
282 {
283 	struct proc *p;
284 	int result;
285 
286 	result = KAUTH_RESULT_DEFER;
287 	p = arg0;
288 
289 	switch (action) {
290 	case KAUTH_PROCESS_PROCFS: {
291 		enum kauth_process_req req;
292 
293 		req = (enum kauth_process_req)arg2;
294 		switch (req) {
295 		case KAUTH_REQ_PROCESS_PROCFS_READ:
296 			break;
297 
298 		case KAUTH_REQ_PROCESS_PROCFS_RW:
299 		case KAUTH_REQ_PROCESS_PROCFS_WRITE:
300 			if ((p == initproc) && (securelevel > -1))
301 				result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
302 
303 			break;
304 
305 		default:
306 			break;
307 		}
308 
309 		break;
310 		}
311 
312 	case KAUTH_PROCESS_PTRACE:
313 		if ((p == initproc) && (securelevel >= 0))
314 			result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
315 
316 		break;
317 
318 	case KAUTH_PROCESS_CORENAME:
319 		if (securelevel > 1)
320 			result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
321 		break;
322 	}
323 
324 	return (result);
325 }
326 
327 /*
328  * kauth(9) listener
329  *
330  * Security model: Traditional NetBSD
331  * Scope: Network
332  * Responsibility: Securelevel
333  */
334 int
335 secmodel_securelevel_network_cb(kauth_cred_t cred,
336     kauth_action_t action, void *cookie, void *arg0,
337     void *arg1, void *arg2, void *arg3)
338 {
339 	int result;
340 	enum kauth_network_req req;
341 
342 	result = KAUTH_RESULT_DEFER;
343 	req = (enum kauth_network_req)arg0;
344 
345 	switch (action) {
346 	case KAUTH_NETWORK_FIREWALL:
347 		switch (req) {
348 		case KAUTH_REQ_NETWORK_FIREWALL_FW:
349 		case KAUTH_REQ_NETWORK_FIREWALL_NAT:
350 			if (securelevel > 1)
351 				result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
352 			break;
353 
354 		default:
355 			break;
356 		}
357 		break;
358 
359 	case KAUTH_NETWORK_FORWSRCRT:
360 		if (securelevel > 0)
361 			result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
362 		break;
363 	}
364 
365 	return (result);
366 }
367 
368 /*
369  * kauth(9) listener
370  *
371  * Security model: Traditional NetBSD
372  * Scope: Machdep
373  * Responsibility: Securelevel
374  */
375 int
376 secmodel_securelevel_machdep_cb(kauth_cred_t cred,
377     kauth_action_t action, void *cookie, void *arg0,
378     void *arg1, void *arg2, void *arg3)
379 {
380         int result;
381 
382         result = KAUTH_RESULT_DEFER;
383 
384         switch (action) {
385 	case KAUTH_MACHDEP_IOPERM_SET:
386 	case KAUTH_MACHDEP_IOPL:
387 		if (securelevel > 0)
388 			result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
389 		break;
390 
391 	case KAUTH_MACHDEP_UNMANAGEDMEM:
392 		if (securelevel > 0)
393 			result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
394 		break;
395 	}
396 
397 	return (result);
398 }
399 
400 /*
401  * kauth(9) listener
402  *
403  * Security model: Traditional NetBSD
404  * Scope: Device
405  * Responsibility: Securelevel
406  */
407 int
408 secmodel_securelevel_device_cb(kauth_cred_t cred,
409     kauth_action_t action, void *cookie, void *arg0,
410     void *arg1, void *arg2, void *arg3)
411 {
412 	int result;
413 
414 	result = KAUTH_RESULT_DEFER;
415 
416 	switch (action) {
417 	case KAUTH_DEVICE_RAWIO_SPEC: {
418 		struct vnode *vp, *bvp;
419 		enum kauth_device_req req;
420 		dev_t dev;
421 		int d_type;
422 
423 		req = (enum kauth_device_req)arg0;
424 		vp = arg1;
425 
426 		KASSERT(vp != NULL);
427 
428 		dev = vp->v_rdev;
429 		d_type = D_OTHER;
430 		bvp = NULL;
431 
432 		/* Handle /dev/mem and /dev/kmem. */
433 		if ((vp->v_type == VCHR) && iskmemdev(dev)) {
434 			switch (req) {
435 			case KAUTH_REQ_DEVICE_RAWIO_SPEC_READ:
436 				break;
437 
438 			case KAUTH_REQ_DEVICE_RAWIO_SPEC_WRITE:
439 			case KAUTH_REQ_DEVICE_RAWIO_SPEC_RW:
440 				if (securelevel > 0)
441 					result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
442 				break;
443 			}
444 
445 			break;
446 		}
447 
448 		switch (req) {
449 		case KAUTH_REQ_DEVICE_RAWIO_SPEC_READ:
450 			break;
451 
452 		case KAUTH_REQ_DEVICE_RAWIO_SPEC_WRITE:
453 		case KAUTH_REQ_DEVICE_RAWIO_SPEC_RW:
454 			switch (vp->v_type) {
455 			case VCHR: {
456 				const struct cdevsw *cdev;
457 
458 				cdev = cdevsw_lookup(dev);
459 				if (cdev != NULL) {
460 					dev_t blkdev;
461 
462 					blkdev = devsw_chr2blk(dev);
463 					if (blkdev != NODEV) {
464 						vfinddev(blkdev, VBLK, &bvp);
465 						if (bvp != NULL)
466 							d_type = (cdev->d_flag
467 							    & D_TYPEMASK);
468 					}
469 				}
470 
471 				break;
472 				}
473 			case VBLK: {
474 				const struct bdevsw *bdev;
475 
476 				bdev = bdevsw_lookup(dev);
477 				if (bdev != NULL)
478 					d_type = (bdev->d_flag & D_TYPEMASK);
479 
480 				bvp = vp;
481 
482 				break;
483 				}
484 
485 			default:
486 				break;
487 			}
488 
489 			if (d_type != D_DISK)
490 				break;
491 
492 			/*
493 			 * XXX: This is bogus. We should be failing the request
494 			 * XXX: not only if this specific slice is mounted, but
495 			 * XXX: if it's on a disk with any other mounted slice.
496 			 */
497 			if (vfs_mountedon(bvp) && (securelevel > 0))
498 				break;
499 
500 			if (securelevel > 1)
501 				result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
502 
503 			break;
504 		}
505 
506 		break;
507 		}
508 
509 	case KAUTH_DEVICE_RAWIO_PASSTHRU:
510 		if (securelevel > 0) {
511 			u_long bits;
512 
513 			bits = (u_long)arg0;
514 
515 			KASSERT(bits != 0);
516 			KASSERT((bits & ~KAUTH_REQ_DEVICE_RAWIO_PASSTHRU_ALL) == 0);
517 
518 			if (bits & ~KAUTH_REQ_DEVICE_RAWIO_PASSTHRU_READCONF)
519 				result = KAUTH_RESULT_DENY;
520 		}
521 
522 		break;
523 	}
524 
525 	return (result);
526 }
527