xref: /netbsd-src/sys/netinet6/in6_ifattach.c (revision b1c86f5f087524e68db12794ee9c3e3da1ab17a0)
1 /*	$NetBSD: in6_ifattach.c,v 1.85 2009/09/19 13:11:02 christos Exp $	*/
2 /*	$KAME: in6_ifattach.c,v 1.124 2001/07/18 08:32:51 jinmei Exp $	*/
3 
4 /*
5  * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
34 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: in6_ifattach.c,v 1.85 2009/09/19 13:11:02 christos Exp $");
35 
36 #include <sys/param.h>
37 #include <sys/systm.h>
38 #include <sys/kmem.h>
39 #include <sys/malloc.h>
40 #include <sys/socket.h>
41 #include <sys/sockio.h>
42 #include <sys/kernel.h>
43 #include <sys/syslog.h>
44 #include <sys/md5.h>
45 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
46 
47 #include <net/if.h>
48 #include <net/if_dl.h>
49 #include <net/if_types.h>
50 #include <net/route.h>
51 
52 #include <netinet/in.h>
53 #include <netinet/in_var.h>
54 
55 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
56 #include <netinet6/in6_ifattach.h>
57 #include <netinet6/ip6_var.h>
58 #include <netinet6/nd6.h>
59 #include <netinet6/ip6_mroute.h>
60 #include <netinet6/scope6_var.h>
61 
62 #include <net/net_osdep.h>
63 
64 unsigned long in6_maxmtu = 0;
65 
66 int ip6_auto_linklocal = 1;	/* enable by default */
67 
68 callout_t in6_tmpaddrtimer_ch;
69 
70 
71 #if 0
72 static int get_hostid_ifid(struct ifnet *, struct in6_addr *);
73 #endif
74 static int get_rand_ifid(struct ifnet *, struct in6_addr *);
75 static int generate_tmp_ifid(u_int8_t *, const u_int8_t *, u_int8_t *);
76 static int get_ifid(struct ifnet *, struct ifnet *, struct in6_addr *);
77 static int in6_ifattach_linklocal(struct ifnet *, struct ifnet *);
78 static int in6_ifattach_loopback(struct ifnet *);
79 
80 #define EUI64_GBIT	0x01
81 #define EUI64_UBIT	0x02
82 #define EUI64_TO_IFID(in6)	do {(in6)->s6_addr[8] ^= EUI64_UBIT; } while (/*CONSTCOND*/ 0)
83 #define EUI64_GROUP(in6)	((in6)->s6_addr[8] & EUI64_GBIT)
84 #define EUI64_INDIVIDUAL(in6)	(!EUI64_GROUP(in6))
85 #define EUI64_LOCAL(in6)	((in6)->s6_addr[8] & EUI64_UBIT)
86 #define EUI64_UNIVERSAL(in6)	(!EUI64_LOCAL(in6))
87 
88 #define IFID_LOCAL(in6)		(!EUI64_LOCAL(in6))
89 #define IFID_UNIVERSAL(in6)	(!EUI64_UNIVERSAL(in6))
90 
91 #define GEN_TEMPID_RETRY_MAX 5
92 
93 #if 0
94 /*
95  * Generate a last-resort interface identifier from hostid.
96  * works only for certain architectures (like sparc).
97  * also, using hostid itself may constitute a privacy threat, much worse
98  * than MAC addresses (hostids are used for software licensing).
99  * maybe we should use MD5(hostid) instead.
100  *
101  * in6 - upper 64bits are preserved
102  */
103 static int
104 get_hostid_ifid(struct ifnet *ifp, struct in6_addr *in6)
105 {
106 	int off, len;
107 	static const uint8_t allzero[8] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
108 	static const uint8_t allone[8] =
109 	    { 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff };
110 
111 	if (!hostid)
112 		return -1;
113 
114 	/* get up to 8 bytes from the hostid field - should we get */
115 	len = (sizeof(hostid) > 8) ? 8 : sizeof(hostid);
116 	off = sizeof(*in6) - len;
117 	memcpy(&in6->s6_addr[off], &hostid, len);
118 
119 	/* make sure we do not return anything bogus */
120 	if (memcmp(&in6->s6_addr[8], allzero, sizeof(allzero)))
121 		return -1;
122 	if (memcmp(&in6->s6_addr[8], allone, sizeof(allone)))
123 		return -1;
124 
125 	/* make sure to set "u" bit to local, and "g" bit to individual. */
126 	in6->s6_addr[8] &= ~EUI64_GBIT;	/* g bit to "individual" */
127 	in6->s6_addr[8] |= EUI64_UBIT;	/* u bit to "local" */
128 
129 	/* convert EUI64 into IPv6 interface identifier */
130 	EUI64_TO_IFID(in6);
131 
132 	return 0;
133 }
134 #endif
135 
136 /*
137  * Generate a last-resort interface identifier, when the machine has no
138  * IEEE802/EUI64 address sources.
139  * The goal here is to get an interface identifier that is
140  * (1) random enough and (2) does not change across reboot.
141  * We currently use MD5(hostname) for it.
142  */
143 static int
144 get_rand_ifid(struct ifnet *ifp,
145 	struct in6_addr *in6)	/* upper 64bits are preserved */
146 {
147 	MD5_CTX ctxt;
148 	u_int8_t digest[16];
149 
150 #if 0
151 	/* we need at least several letters as seed for ifid */
152 	if (hostnamelen < 3)
153 		return -1;
154 #endif
155 
156 	/* generate 8 bytes of pseudo-random value. */
157 	memset(&ctxt, 0, sizeof(ctxt));
158 	MD5Init(&ctxt);
159 	MD5Update(&ctxt, (u_char *)hostname, hostnamelen);
160 	MD5Final(digest, &ctxt);
161 
162 	/* assumes sizeof(digest) > sizeof(ifid) */
163 	memcpy(&in6->s6_addr[8], digest, 8);
164 
165 	/* make sure to set "u" bit to local, and "g" bit to individual. */
166 	in6->s6_addr[8] &= ~EUI64_GBIT;	/* g bit to "individual" */
167 	in6->s6_addr[8] |= EUI64_UBIT;	/* u bit to "local" */
168 
169 	/* convert EUI64 into IPv6 interface identifier */
170 	EUI64_TO_IFID(in6);
171 
172 	return 0;
173 }
174 
175 static int
176 generate_tmp_ifid(u_int8_t *seed0, const u_int8_t *seed1, u_int8_t *ret)
177 {
178 	MD5_CTX ctxt;
179 	u_int8_t seed[16], digest[16], nullbuf[8];
180 	u_int32_t val32;
181 	/*
182 	 * interface ID for subnet anycast addresses.
183 	 * XXX: we assume the unicast address range that requires IDs
184 	 * in EUI-64 format.
185 	 */
186 	static const uint8_t anycast_id[8] = { 0xfd, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
187 	    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80 };
188 	static const uint8_t isatap_id[4] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x5e, 0xfe };
189 	int badid, retry = 0;
190 
191 	/* If there's no hisotry, start with a random seed. */
192 	memset(nullbuf, 0, sizeof(nullbuf));
193 	if (memcmp(nullbuf, seed0, sizeof(nullbuf)) == 0) {
194 		int i;
195 
196 		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
197 			val32 = arc4random();
198 			memcpy(seed + sizeof(val32) * i, &val32, sizeof(val32));
199 		}
200 	} else
201 		memcpy(seed, seed0, 8);
202 
203 	/* copy the right-most 64-bits of the given address */
204 	/* XXX assumption on the size of IFID */
205 	memcpy(&seed[8], seed1, 8);
206 
207   again:
208 	/* for debugging purposes only */
209 #if 0
210 	{
211 		int i;
212 
213 		printf("generate_tmp_ifid: new randomized ID from: ");
214 		for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
215 			printf("%02x", seed[i]);
216 		printf(" ");
217 	}
218 #endif
219 
220 	/* generate 16 bytes of pseudo-random value. */
221 	memset(&ctxt, 0, sizeof(ctxt));
222 	MD5Init(&ctxt);
223 	MD5Update(&ctxt, seed, sizeof(seed));
224 	MD5Final(digest, &ctxt);
225 
226 	/*
227 	 * draft-ietf-ipngwg-temp-addresses-v2-00.txt 3.2.1. (3)
228 	 * Take the left-most 64-bits of the MD5 digest and set bit 6 (the
229 	 * left-most bit is numbered 0) to zero.
230 	 */
231 	memcpy(ret, digest, 8);
232 	ret[0] &= ~EUI64_UBIT;
233 
234 	/*
235 	 * Reject inappropriate identifiers according to
236 	 * draft-ietf-ipngwg-temp-addresses-v2-00.txt 3.2.1. (4)
237 	 * At this moment, we reject following cases:
238 	 * - all 0 identifier
239 	 * - identifiers that conflict with reserved subnet anycast addresses,
240 	 *   which are defined in RFC 2526.
241 	 * - identifiers that conflict with ISATAP addresses
242 	 * - identifiers used in our own addresses
243 	 */
244 	badid = 0;
245 	if (memcmp(nullbuf, ret, sizeof(nullbuf)) == 0)
246 		badid = 1;
247 	else if (memcmp(anycast_id, ret, 7) == 0 &&
248 	    (anycast_id[7] & ret[7]) == anycast_id[7]) {
249 		badid = 1;
250 	} else if (memcmp(isatap_id, ret, sizeof(isatap_id)) == 0)
251 		badid = 1;
252 	else {
253 		struct in6_ifaddr *ia;
254 
255 		for (ia = in6_ifaddr; ia; ia = ia->ia_next) {
256 			if (!memcmp(&ia->ia_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr[8],
257 			    ret, 8)) {
258 				badid = 1;
259 				break;
260 			}
261 		}
262 	}
263 
264 	/*
265 	 * In the event that an unacceptable identifier has been generated,
266 	 * restart the process, using the right-most 64 bits of the MD5 digest
267 	 * obtained in place of the history value.
268 	 */
269 	if (badid) {
270 		/* for debugging purposes only */
271 #if 0
272 		{
273 			int i;
274 
275 			printf("unacceptable random ID: ");
276 			for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
277 				printf("%02x", digest[i]);
278 			printf("\n");
279 		}
280 #endif
281 
282 		if (++retry < GEN_TEMPID_RETRY_MAX) {
283 			memcpy(seed, &digest[8], 8);
284 			goto again;
285 		} else {
286 			/*
287 			 * We're so unlucky.  Give up for now, and return
288 			 * all 0 IDs to tell the caller not to make a
289 			 * temporary address.
290 			 */
291 			nd6log((LOG_NOTICE,
292 			    "generate_tmp_ifid: never found a good ID\n"));
293 			memset(ret, 0, 8);
294 		}
295 	}
296 
297 	/*
298 	 * draft-ietf-ipngwg-temp-addresses-v2-00.txt 3.2.1. (6)
299 	 * Take the rightmost 64-bits of the MD5 digest and save them in
300 	 * stable storage as the history value to be used in the next
301 	 * iteration of the algorithm.
302 	 */
303 	memcpy(seed0, &digest[8], 8);
304 
305 	/* for debugging purposes only */
306 #if 0
307 	{
308 		int i;
309 
310 		printf("to: ");
311 		for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
312 			printf("%02x", digest[i]);
313 		printf("\n");
314 	}
315 #endif
316 
317 	return 0;
318 }
319 
320 /*
321  * Get interface identifier for the specified interface.
322  *
323  * in6 - upper 64bits are preserved
324  */
325 int
326 in6_get_hw_ifid(struct ifnet *ifp, struct in6_addr *in6)
327 {
328 	struct ifaddr *ifa;
329 	const struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = NULL, *tsdl;
330 	const char *addr;
331 	size_t addrlen;
332 	static u_int8_t allzero[8] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
333 	static u_int8_t allone[8] =
334 		{ 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff };
335 
336 	IFADDR_FOREACH(ifa, ifp) {
337 		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_LINK)
338 			continue;
339 		tsdl = satocsdl(ifa->ifa_addr);
340 		if (tsdl == NULL || tsdl->sdl_alen == 0)
341 			continue;
342 		if (sdl == NULL || ifa == ifp->if_dl || ifa == ifp->if_hwdl)
343 			sdl = tsdl;
344 		if (ifa == ifp->if_hwdl)
345 			break;
346 	}
347 
348 	if (sdl == NULL)
349 		return -1;
350 
351 	addr = CLLADDR(sdl);
352 	addrlen = sdl->sdl_alen;
353 
354 	switch (ifp->if_type) {
355 	case IFT_IEEE1394:
356 	case IFT_IEEE80211:
357 		/* IEEE1394 uses 16byte length address starting with EUI64 */
358 		if (addrlen > 8)
359 			addrlen = 8;
360 		break;
361 	default:
362 		break;
363 	}
364 
365 	/* get EUI64 */
366 	switch (ifp->if_type) {
367 	/* IEEE802/EUI64 cases - what others? */
368 	case IFT_ETHER:
369 	case IFT_FDDI:
370 	case IFT_ATM:
371 	case IFT_IEEE1394:
372 	case IFT_IEEE80211:
373 		/* look at IEEE802/EUI64 only */
374 		if (addrlen != 8 && addrlen != 6)
375 			return -1;
376 
377 		/*
378 		 * check for invalid MAC address - on bsdi, we see it a lot
379 		 * since wildboar configures all-zero MAC on pccard before
380 		 * card insertion.
381 		 */
382 		if (memcmp(addr, allzero, addrlen) == 0)
383 			return -1;
384 		if (memcmp(addr, allone, addrlen) == 0)
385 			return -1;
386 
387 		/* make EUI64 address */
388 		if (addrlen == 8)
389 			memcpy(&in6->s6_addr[8], addr, 8);
390 		else if (addrlen == 6) {
391 			in6->s6_addr[8] = addr[0];
392 			in6->s6_addr[9] = addr[1];
393 			in6->s6_addr[10] = addr[2];
394 			in6->s6_addr[11] = 0xff;
395 			in6->s6_addr[12] = 0xfe;
396 			in6->s6_addr[13] = addr[3];
397 			in6->s6_addr[14] = addr[4];
398 			in6->s6_addr[15] = addr[5];
399 		}
400 		break;
401 
402 	case IFT_ARCNET:
403 		if (addrlen != 1)
404 			return -1;
405 		if (!addr[0])
406 			return -1;
407 
408 		memset(&in6->s6_addr[8], 0, 8);
409 		in6->s6_addr[15] = addr[0];
410 
411 		/*
412 		 * due to insufficient bitwidth, we mark it local.
413 		 */
414 		in6->s6_addr[8] &= ~EUI64_GBIT;	/* g bit to "individual" */
415 		in6->s6_addr[8] |= EUI64_UBIT;	/* u bit to "local" */
416 		break;
417 
418 	case IFT_GIF:
419 #ifdef IFT_STF
420 	case IFT_STF:
421 #endif
422 		/*
423 		 * RFC2893 says: "SHOULD use IPv4 address as ifid source".
424 		 * however, IPv4 address is not very suitable as unique
425 		 * identifier source (can be renumbered).
426 		 * we don't do this.
427 		 */
428 		return -1;
429 
430 	default:
431 		return -1;
432 	}
433 
434 	/* sanity check: g bit must not indicate "group" */
435 	if (EUI64_GROUP(in6))
436 		return -1;
437 
438 	/* convert EUI64 into IPv6 interface identifier */
439 	EUI64_TO_IFID(in6);
440 
441 	/*
442 	 * sanity check: ifid must not be all zero, avoid conflict with
443 	 * subnet router anycast
444 	 */
445 	if ((in6->s6_addr[8] & ~(EUI64_GBIT | EUI64_UBIT)) == 0x00 &&
446 	    memcmp(&in6->s6_addr[9], allzero, 7) == 0) {
447 		return -1;
448 	}
449 
450 	return 0;
451 }
452 
453 /*
454  * Get interface identifier for the specified interface.  If it is not
455  * available on ifp0, borrow interface identifier from other information
456  * sources.
457  *
458  * altifp - secondary EUI64 source
459  */
460 static int
461 get_ifid(struct ifnet *ifp0, struct ifnet *altifp,
462 	struct in6_addr *in6)
463 {
464 	struct ifnet *ifp;
465 
466 	/* first, try to get it from the interface itself */
467 	if (in6_get_hw_ifid(ifp0, in6) == 0) {
468 		nd6log((LOG_DEBUG, "%s: got interface identifier from itself\n",
469 		    if_name(ifp0)));
470 		goto success;
471 	}
472 
473 	/* try secondary EUI64 source. this basically is for ATM PVC */
474 	if (altifp && in6_get_hw_ifid(altifp, in6) == 0) {
475 		nd6log((LOG_DEBUG, "%s: got interface identifier from %s\n",
476 		    if_name(ifp0), if_name(altifp)));
477 		goto success;
478 	}
479 
480 	/* next, try to get it from some other hardware interface */
481 	TAILQ_FOREACH(ifp, &ifnet, if_list) {
482 		if (ifp == ifp0)
483 			continue;
484 		if (in6_get_hw_ifid(ifp, in6) != 0)
485 			continue;
486 
487 		/*
488 		 * to borrow ifid from other interface, ifid needs to be
489 		 * globally unique
490 		 */
491 		if (IFID_UNIVERSAL(in6)) {
492 			nd6log((LOG_DEBUG,
493 			    "%s: borrow interface identifier from %s\n",
494 			    if_name(ifp0), if_name(ifp)));
495 			goto success;
496 		}
497 	}
498 
499 #if 0
500 	/* get from hostid - only for certain architectures */
501 	if (get_hostid_ifid(ifp, in6) == 0) {
502 		nd6log((LOG_DEBUG,
503 		    "%s: interface identifier generated by hostid\n",
504 		    if_name(ifp0)));
505 		goto success;
506 	}
507 #endif
508 
509 	/* last resort: get from random number source */
510 	if (get_rand_ifid(ifp, in6) == 0) {
511 		nd6log((LOG_DEBUG,
512 		    "%s: interface identifier generated by random number\n",
513 		    if_name(ifp0)));
514 		goto success;
515 	}
516 
517 	printf("%s: failed to get interface identifier\n", if_name(ifp0));
518 	return -1;
519 
520 success:
521 	nd6log((LOG_INFO, "%s: ifid: %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x\n",
522 	    if_name(ifp0), in6->s6_addr[8], in6->s6_addr[9], in6->s6_addr[10],
523 	    in6->s6_addr[11], in6->s6_addr[12], in6->s6_addr[13],
524 	    in6->s6_addr[14], in6->s6_addr[15]));
525 	return 0;
526 }
527 
528 /*
529  * altifp - secondary EUI64 source
530  */
531 
532 static int
533 in6_ifattach_linklocal(struct ifnet *ifp, struct ifnet *altifp)
534 {
535 	struct in6_ifaddr *ia;
536 	struct in6_aliasreq ifra;
537 	struct nd_prefixctl pr0;
538 	int i, error;
539 
540 	/*
541 	 * configure link-local address.
542 	 */
543 	memset(&ifra, 0, sizeof(ifra));
544 
545 	/*
546 	 * in6_update_ifa() does not use ifra_name, but we accurately set it
547 	 * for safety.
548 	 */
549 	strncpy(ifra.ifra_name, if_name(ifp), sizeof(ifra.ifra_name));
550 
551 	ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
552 	ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
553 	ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[0] = htonl(0xfe800000);
554 	ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[1] = 0;
555 	if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) != 0) {
556 		ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2] = 0;
557 		ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3] = htonl(1);
558 	} else {
559 		if (get_ifid(ifp, altifp, &ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr) != 0) {
560 			nd6log((LOG_ERR,
561 			    "%s: no ifid available\n", if_name(ifp)));
562 			return -1;
563 		}
564 	}
565 	if (in6_setscope(&ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr, ifp, NULL))
566 		return -1;
567 
568 	sockaddr_in6_init(&ifra.ifra_prefixmask, &in6mask64, 0, 0, 0);
569 	/* link-local addresses should NEVER expire. */
570 	ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_vltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
571 	ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_pltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
572 
573 	/*
574 	 * Now call in6_update_ifa() to do a bunch of procedures to configure
575 	 * a link-local address. We can set the 3rd argument to NULL, because
576 	 * we know there's no other link-local address on the interface
577 	 * and therefore we are adding one (instead of updating one).
578 	 */
579 	if ((error = in6_update_ifa(ifp, &ifra, NULL,
580 	    IN6_IFAUPDATE_DADDELAY)) != 0) {
581 		/*
582 		 * XXX: When the interface does not support IPv6, this call
583 		 * would fail in the SIOCINITIFADDR ioctl.  I believe the
584 		 * notification is rather confusing in this case, so just
585 		 * suppress it.  (jinmei@kame.net 20010130)
586 		 */
587 		if (error != EAFNOSUPPORT)
588 			nd6log((LOG_NOTICE, "in6_ifattach_linklocal: failed to "
589 			    "configure a link-local address on %s "
590 			    "(errno=%d)\n",
591 			    if_name(ifp), error));
592 		return -1;
593 	}
594 
595 	ia = in6ifa_ifpforlinklocal(ifp, 0); /* ia must not be NULL */
596 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
597 	if (!ia) {
598 		panic("ia == NULL in in6_ifattach_linklocal");
599 		/* NOTREACHED */
600 	}
601 #endif
602 
603 	/*
604 	 * Make the link-local prefix (fe80::/64%link) as on-link.
605 	 * Since we'd like to manage prefixes separately from addresses,
606 	 * we make an ND6 prefix structure for the link-local prefix,
607 	 * and add it to the prefix list as a never-expire prefix.
608 	 * XXX: this change might affect some existing code base...
609 	 */
610 	memset(&pr0, 0, sizeof(pr0));
611 	pr0.ndpr_ifp = ifp;
612 	/* this should be 64 at this moment. */
613 	pr0.ndpr_plen = in6_mask2len(&ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_addr, NULL);
614 	pr0.ndpr_prefix = ifra.ifra_addr;
615 	/* apply the mask for safety. (nd6_prelist_add will apply it again) */
616 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
617 		pr0.ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[i] &=
618 		    in6mask64.s6_addr32[i];
619 	}
620 	/*
621 	 * Initialize parameters.  The link-local prefix must always be
622 	 * on-link, and its lifetimes never expire.
623 	 */
624 	pr0.ndpr_raf_onlink = 1;
625 	pr0.ndpr_raf_auto = 1;	/* probably meaningless */
626 	pr0.ndpr_vltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
627 	pr0.ndpr_pltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
628 	/*
629 	 * Since there is no other link-local addresses, nd6_prefix_lookup()
630 	 * probably returns NULL.  However, we cannot always expect the result.
631 	 * For example, if we first remove the (only) existing link-local
632 	 * address, and then reconfigure another one, the prefix is still
633 	 * valid with referring to the old link-local address.
634 	 */
635 	if (nd6_prefix_lookup(&pr0) == NULL) {
636 		if ((error = nd6_prelist_add(&pr0, NULL, NULL)) != 0)
637 			return error;
638 	}
639 
640 	return 0;
641 }
642 
643 /*
644  * ifp - mut be IFT_LOOP
645  */
646 
647 static int
648 in6_ifattach_loopback(struct ifnet *ifp)
649 {
650 	struct in6_aliasreq ifra;
651 	int error;
652 
653 	memset(&ifra, 0, sizeof(ifra));
654 
655 	/*
656 	 * in6_update_ifa() does not use ifra_name, but we accurately set it
657 	 * for safety.
658 	 */
659 	strncpy(ifra.ifra_name, if_name(ifp), sizeof(ifra.ifra_name));
660 
661 	sockaddr_in6_init(&ifra.ifra_prefixmask, &in6mask128, 0, 0, 0);
662 
663 	/*
664 	 * Always initialize ia_dstaddr (= broadcast address) to loopback
665 	 * address.  Follows IPv4 practice - see in_ifinit().
666 	 */
667 	sockaddr_in6_init(&ifra.ifra_dstaddr, &in6addr_loopback, 0, 0, 0);
668 
669 	sockaddr_in6_init(&ifra.ifra_addr, &in6addr_loopback, 0, 0, 0);
670 
671 	/* the loopback  address should NEVER expire. */
672 	ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_vltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
673 	ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_pltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
674 
675 	/* we don't need to perform DAD on loopback interfaces. */
676 	ifra.ifra_flags |= IN6_IFF_NODAD;
677 
678 	/*
679 	 * We are sure that this is a newly assigned address, so we can set
680 	 * NULL to the 3rd arg.
681 	 */
682 	if ((error = in6_update_ifa(ifp, &ifra, NULL, 0)) != 0) {
683 		nd6log((LOG_ERR, "in6_ifattach_loopback: failed to configure "
684 		    "the loopback address on %s (errno=%d)\n",
685 		    if_name(ifp), error));
686 		return -1;
687 	}
688 
689 	return 0;
690 }
691 
692 /*
693  * compute NI group address, based on the current hostname setting.
694  * see draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-lookup-* (04 and later).
695  *
696  * when ifp == NULL, the caller is responsible for filling scopeid.
697  */
698 int
699 in6_nigroup(struct ifnet *ifp, const char *name, int namelen,
700 	struct sockaddr_in6 *sa6)
701 {
702 	const char *p;
703 	u_int8_t *q;
704 	MD5_CTX ctxt;
705 	u_int8_t digest[16];
706 	u_int8_t l;
707 	u_int8_t n[64];	/* a single label must not exceed 63 chars */
708 
709 	if (!namelen || !name)
710 		return -1;
711 
712 	p = name;
713 	while (p && *p && *p != '.' && p - name < namelen)
714 		p++;
715 	if (p - name > sizeof(n) - 1)
716 		return -1;	/* label too long */
717 	l = p - name;
718 	strncpy((char *)n, name, l);
719 	n[(int)l] = '\0';
720 	for (q = n; *q; q++) {
721 		if ('A' <= *q && *q <= 'Z')
722 			*q = *q - 'A' + 'a';
723 	}
724 
725 	/* generate 8 bytes of pseudo-random value. */
726 	memset(&ctxt, 0, sizeof(ctxt));
727 	MD5Init(&ctxt);
728 	MD5Update(&ctxt, &l, sizeof(l));
729 	MD5Update(&ctxt, n, l);
730 	MD5Final(digest, &ctxt);
731 
732 	memset(sa6, 0, sizeof(*sa6));
733 	sa6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
734 	sa6->sin6_len = sizeof(*sa6);
735 	sa6->sin6_addr.s6_addr16[0] = htons(0xff02);
736 	sa6->sin6_addr.s6_addr8[11] = 2;
737 	memcpy(&sa6->sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3], digest,
738 	    sizeof(sa6->sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3]));
739 	if (in6_setscope(&sa6->sin6_addr, ifp, NULL))
740 		return -1; /* XXX: should not fail */
741 
742 	return 0;
743 }
744 
745 /*
746  * XXX multiple loopback interface needs more care.  for instance,
747  * nodelocal address needs to be configured onto only one of them.
748  * XXX multiple link-local address case
749  *
750  * altifp - secondary EUI64 source
751  */
752 void
753 in6_ifattach(struct ifnet *ifp, struct ifnet *altifp)
754 {
755 	struct in6_ifaddr *ia;
756 	struct in6_addr in6;
757 
758 	/* some of the interfaces are inherently not IPv6 capable */
759 	switch (ifp->if_type) {
760 	case IFT_BRIDGE:
761 #ifdef IFT_PFLOG
762 	case IFT_PFLOG:
763 #endif
764 #ifdef IFT_PFSYNC
765 	case IFT_PFSYNC:
766 #endif
767 		return;
768 	}
769 
770 	/*
771 	 * if link mtu is too small, don't try to configure IPv6.
772 	 * remember there could be some link-layer that has special
773 	 * fragmentation logic.
774 	 */
775 	if (ifp->if_mtu < IPV6_MMTU) {
776 		nd6log((LOG_INFO, "in6_ifattach: "
777 		    "%s has too small MTU, IPv6 not enabled\n",
778 		    if_name(ifp)));
779 		return;
780 	}
781 
782 	/* create a multicast kludge storage (if we have not had one) */
783 	in6_createmkludge(ifp);
784 
785 	/*
786 	 * quirks based on interface type
787 	 */
788 	switch (ifp->if_type) {
789 #ifdef IFT_STF
790 	case IFT_STF:
791 		/*
792 		 * 6to4 interface is a very special kind of beast.
793 		 * no multicast, no linklocal.  RFC2529 specifies how to make
794 		 * linklocals for 6to4 interface, but there's no use and
795 		 * it is rather harmful to have one.
796 		 */
797 		return;
798 #endif
799 	case IFT_CARP:
800 		return;
801 	default:
802 		break;
803 	}
804 
805 	/*
806 	 * usually, we require multicast capability to the interface
807 	 */
808 	if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_MULTICAST) == 0) {
809 		nd6log((LOG_INFO, "in6_ifattach: "
810 		    "%s is not multicast capable, IPv6 not enabled\n",
811 		    if_name(ifp)));
812 		return;
813 	}
814 
815 	/*
816 	 * assign loopback address for loopback interface.
817 	 * XXX multiple loopback interface case.
818 	 */
819 	if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) != 0) {
820 		in6 = in6addr_loopback;
821 		if (in6ifa_ifpwithaddr(ifp, &in6) == NULL) {
822 			if (in6_ifattach_loopback(ifp) != 0)
823 				return;
824 		}
825 	}
826 
827 	/*
828 	 * assign a link-local address, if there's none.
829 	 */
830 	if (ip6_auto_linklocal) {
831 		ia = in6ifa_ifpforlinklocal(ifp, 0);
832 		if (ia == NULL && in6_ifattach_linklocal(ifp, altifp) != 0) {
833 			printf("%s: cannot assign link-local address\n",
834 			    ifp->if_xname);
835 		}
836 	}
837 }
838 
839 /*
840  * NOTE: in6_ifdetach() does not support loopback if at this moment.
841  * We don't need this function in bsdi, because interfaces are never removed
842  * from the ifnet list in bsdi.
843  */
844 void
845 in6_ifdetach(struct ifnet *ifp)
846 {
847 	struct in6_ifaddr *ia, *oia;
848 	struct ifaddr *ifa, *next;
849 	struct rtentry *rt;
850 	short rtflags;
851 	struct in6_multi_mship *imm;
852 
853 	/* remove ip6_mrouter stuff */
854 	ip6_mrouter_detach(ifp);
855 
856 	/* remove neighbor management table */
857 	nd6_purge(ifp);
858 
859 	/* XXX this code is duplicated in in6_purgeif() --dyoung */
860 	/* nuke any of IPv6 addresses we have */
861 	if_purgeaddrs(ifp, AF_INET6, in6_purgeaddr);
862 
863 	/* XXX isn't this code is redundant, given the above? --dyoung */
864 	/* XXX doesn't this code replicate code in in6_purgeaddr() ? --dyoung */
865 	/* undo everything done by in6_ifattach(), just in case */
866 	for (ifa = IFADDR_FIRST(ifp); ifa != NULL; ifa = next) {
867 		next = IFADDR_NEXT(ifa);
868 
869 		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET6
870 		 || !IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&satosin6(&ifa->ifa_addr)->sin6_addr)) {
871 			continue;
872 		}
873 
874 		ia = (struct in6_ifaddr *)ifa;
875 
876 		/*
877 		 * leave from multicast groups we have joined for the interface
878 		 */
879 		while ((imm = LIST_FIRST(&ia->ia6_memberships)) != NULL) {
880 			LIST_REMOVE(imm, i6mm_chain);
881 			in6_leavegroup(imm);
882 		}
883 
884 		/* remove from the routing table */
885 		if ((ia->ia_flags & IFA_ROUTE) &&
886 		    (rt = rtalloc1((struct sockaddr *)&ia->ia_addr, 0))) {
887 			rtflags = rt->rt_flags;
888 			rtfree(rt);
889 			rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, (struct sockaddr *)&ia->ia_addr,
890 			    (struct sockaddr *)&ia->ia_addr,
891 			    (struct sockaddr *)&ia->ia_prefixmask,
892 			    rtflags, (struct rtentry **)0);
893 		}
894 
895 		/* remove from the linked list */
896 		ifa_remove(ifp, &ia->ia_ifa);
897 
898 		/* also remove from the IPv6 address chain(itojun&jinmei) */
899 		oia = ia;
900 		if (oia == (ia = in6_ifaddr))
901 			in6_ifaddr = ia->ia_next;
902 		else {
903 			while (ia->ia_next && (ia->ia_next != oia))
904 				ia = ia->ia_next;
905 			if (ia->ia_next)
906 				ia->ia_next = oia->ia_next;
907 			else {
908 				nd6log((LOG_ERR,
909 				    "%s: didn't unlink in6ifaddr from list\n",
910 				    if_name(ifp)));
911 			}
912 		}
913 
914 		IFAFREE(&oia->ia_ifa);
915 	}
916 
917 	/* cleanup multicast address kludge table, if there is any */
918 	in6_purgemkludge(ifp);
919 
920 	/*
921 	 * remove neighbor management table.  we call it twice just to make
922 	 * sure we nuke everything.  maybe we need just one call.
923 	 * XXX: since the first call did not release addresses, some prefixes
924 	 * might remain.  We should call nd6_purge() again to release the
925 	 * prefixes after removing all addresses above.
926 	 * (Or can we just delay calling nd6_purge until at this point?)
927 	 */
928 	nd6_purge(ifp);
929 }
930 
931 int
932 in6_get_tmpifid(struct ifnet *ifp, u_int8_t *retbuf,
933 	const u_int8_t *baseid, int generate)
934 {
935 	u_int8_t nullbuf[8];
936 	struct nd_ifinfo *ndi = ND_IFINFO(ifp);
937 
938 	memset(nullbuf, 0, sizeof(nullbuf));
939 	if (memcmp(ndi->randomid, nullbuf, sizeof(nullbuf)) == 0) {
940 		/* we've never created a random ID.  Create a new one. */
941 		generate = 1;
942 	}
943 
944 	if (generate) {
945 		memcpy(ndi->randomseed1, baseid, sizeof(ndi->randomseed1));
946 
947 		/* generate_tmp_ifid will update seedn and buf */
948 		(void)generate_tmp_ifid(ndi->randomseed0, ndi->randomseed1,
949 		    ndi->randomid);
950 	}
951 	memcpy(retbuf, ndi->randomid, 8);
952 	if (generate && memcmp(retbuf, nullbuf, sizeof(nullbuf)) == 0) {
953 		/* generate_tmp_ifid could not found a good ID. */
954 		return -1;
955 	}
956 
957 	return 0;
958 }
959 
960 void
961 in6_tmpaddrtimer(void *ignored_arg)
962 {
963 	struct nd_ifinfo *ndi;
964 	u_int8_t nullbuf[8];
965 	struct ifnet *ifp;
966 
967 	mutex_enter(softnet_lock);
968 	KERNEL_LOCK(1, NULL);
969 
970 	callout_reset(&in6_tmpaddrtimer_ch,
971 	    (ip6_temp_preferred_lifetime - ip6_desync_factor -
972 	    ip6_temp_regen_advance) * hz, in6_tmpaddrtimer, NULL);
973 
974 	memset(nullbuf, 0, sizeof(nullbuf));
975 	TAILQ_FOREACH(ifp, &ifnet, if_list) {
976 		ndi = ND_IFINFO(ifp);
977 		if (memcmp(ndi->randomid, nullbuf, sizeof(nullbuf)) != 0) {
978 			/*
979 			 * We've been generating a random ID on this interface.
980 			 * Create a new one.
981 			 */
982 			(void)generate_tmp_ifid(ndi->randomseed0,
983 			    ndi->randomseed1, ndi->randomid);
984 		}
985 	}
986 
987 	KERNEL_UNLOCK_ONE(NULL);
988 	mutex_exit(softnet_lock);
989 }
990