xref: /netbsd-src/sys/netinet6/in6_ifattach.c (revision 8b0f9554ff8762542c4defc4f70e1eb76fb508fa)
1 /*	$NetBSD: in6_ifattach.c,v 1.79 2007/12/06 00:28:36 dyoung Exp $	*/
2 /*	$KAME: in6_ifattach.c,v 1.124 2001/07/18 08:32:51 jinmei Exp $	*/
3 
4 /*
5  * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
34 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: in6_ifattach.c,v 1.79 2007/12/06 00:28:36 dyoung Exp $");
35 
36 #include <sys/param.h>
37 #include <sys/systm.h>
38 #include <sys/malloc.h>
39 #include <sys/socket.h>
40 #include <sys/sockio.h>
41 #include <sys/kernel.h>
42 #include <sys/syslog.h>
43 #include <sys/md5.h>
44 
45 #include <net/if.h>
46 #include <net/if_dl.h>
47 #include <net/if_types.h>
48 #include <net/route.h>
49 
50 #include <netinet/in.h>
51 #include <netinet/in_var.h>
52 
53 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
54 #include <netinet6/in6_ifattach.h>
55 #include <netinet6/ip6_var.h>
56 #include <netinet6/nd6.h>
57 #include <netinet6/ip6_mroute.h>
58 #include <netinet6/scope6_var.h>
59 
60 #include <net/net_osdep.h>
61 
62 unsigned long in6_maxmtu = 0;
63 
64 int ip6_auto_linklocal = 1;	/* enable by default */
65 
66 callout_t in6_tmpaddrtimer_ch;
67 
68 
69 #if 0
70 static int get_hostid_ifid(struct ifnet *, struct in6_addr *);
71 #endif
72 static int get_rand_ifid(struct ifnet *, struct in6_addr *);
73 static int generate_tmp_ifid(u_int8_t *, const u_int8_t *, u_int8_t *);
74 static int get_ifid(struct ifnet *, struct ifnet *, struct in6_addr *);
75 static int in6_ifattach_linklocal(struct ifnet *, struct ifnet *);
76 static int in6_ifattach_loopback(struct ifnet *);
77 
78 #define EUI64_GBIT	0x01
79 #define EUI64_UBIT	0x02
80 #define EUI64_TO_IFID(in6)	do {(in6)->s6_addr[8] ^= EUI64_UBIT; } while (/*CONSTCOND*/ 0)
81 #define EUI64_GROUP(in6)	((in6)->s6_addr[8] & EUI64_GBIT)
82 #define EUI64_INDIVIDUAL(in6)	(!EUI64_GROUP(in6))
83 #define EUI64_LOCAL(in6)	((in6)->s6_addr[8] & EUI64_UBIT)
84 #define EUI64_UNIVERSAL(in6)	(!EUI64_LOCAL(in6))
85 
86 #define IFID_LOCAL(in6)		(!EUI64_LOCAL(in6))
87 #define IFID_UNIVERSAL(in6)	(!EUI64_UNIVERSAL(in6))
88 
89 #define GEN_TEMPID_RETRY_MAX 5
90 
91 #if 0
92 /*
93  * Generate a last-resort interface identifier from hostid.
94  * works only for certain architectures (like sparc).
95  * also, using hostid itself may constitute a privacy threat, much worse
96  * than MAC addresses (hostids are used for software licensing).
97  * maybe we should use MD5(hostid) instead.
98  *
99  * in6 - upper 64bits are preserved
100  */
101 static int
102 get_hostid_ifid(struct ifnet *ifp, struct in6_addr *in6)
103 {
104 	int off, len;
105 	static const uint8_t allzero[8] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
106 	static const uint8_t allone[8] =
107 	    { 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff };
108 
109 	if (!hostid)
110 		return -1;
111 
112 	/* get up to 8 bytes from the hostid field - should we get */
113 	len = (sizeof(hostid) > 8) ? 8 : sizeof(hostid);
114 	off = sizeof(*in6) - len;
115 	memcpy(&in6->s6_addr[off], &hostid, len);
116 
117 	/* make sure we do not return anything bogus */
118 	if (memcmp(&in6->s6_addr[8], allzero, sizeof(allzero)))
119 		return -1;
120 	if (memcmp(&in6->s6_addr[8], allone, sizeof(allone)))
121 		return -1;
122 
123 	/* make sure to set "u" bit to local, and "g" bit to individual. */
124 	in6->s6_addr[8] &= ~EUI64_GBIT;	/* g bit to "individual" */
125 	in6->s6_addr[8] |= EUI64_UBIT;	/* u bit to "local" */
126 
127 	/* convert EUI64 into IPv6 interface identifier */
128 	EUI64_TO_IFID(in6);
129 
130 	return 0;
131 }
132 #endif
133 
134 /*
135  * Generate a last-resort interface identifier, when the machine has no
136  * IEEE802/EUI64 address sources.
137  * The goal here is to get an interface identifier that is
138  * (1) random enough and (2) does not change across reboot.
139  * We currently use MD5(hostname) for it.
140  */
141 static int
142 get_rand_ifid(struct ifnet *ifp,
143 	struct in6_addr *in6)	/* upper 64bits are preserved */
144 {
145 	MD5_CTX ctxt;
146 	u_int8_t digest[16];
147 
148 #if 0
149 	/* we need at least several letters as seed for ifid */
150 	if (hostnamelen < 3)
151 		return -1;
152 #endif
153 
154 	/* generate 8 bytes of pseudo-random value. */
155 	memset(&ctxt, 0, sizeof(ctxt));
156 	MD5Init(&ctxt);
157 	MD5Update(&ctxt, (u_char *)hostname, hostnamelen);
158 	MD5Final(digest, &ctxt);
159 
160 	/* assumes sizeof(digest) > sizeof(ifid) */
161 	memcpy(&in6->s6_addr[8], digest, 8);
162 
163 	/* make sure to set "u" bit to local, and "g" bit to individual. */
164 	in6->s6_addr[8] &= ~EUI64_GBIT;	/* g bit to "individual" */
165 	in6->s6_addr[8] |= EUI64_UBIT;	/* u bit to "local" */
166 
167 	/* convert EUI64 into IPv6 interface identifier */
168 	EUI64_TO_IFID(in6);
169 
170 	return 0;
171 }
172 
173 static int
174 generate_tmp_ifid(u_int8_t *seed0, const u_int8_t *seed1, u_int8_t *ret)
175 {
176 	MD5_CTX ctxt;
177 	u_int8_t seed[16], digest[16], nullbuf[8];
178 	u_int32_t val32;
179 	/*
180 	 * interface ID for subnet anycast addresses.
181 	 * XXX: we assume the unicast address range that requires IDs
182 	 * in EUI-64 format.
183 	 */
184 	static const uint8_t anycast_id[8] = { 0xfd, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
185 	    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80 };
186 	static const uint8_t isatap_id[4] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x5e, 0xfe };
187 	int badid, retry = 0;
188 
189 	/* If there's no hisotry, start with a random seed. */
190 	memset(nullbuf, 0, sizeof(nullbuf));
191 	if (memcmp(nullbuf, seed0, sizeof(nullbuf)) == 0) {
192 		int i;
193 
194 		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
195 			val32 = arc4random();
196 			memcpy(seed + sizeof(val32) * i, &val32, sizeof(val32));
197 		}
198 	} else
199 		memcpy(seed, seed0, 8);
200 
201 	/* copy the right-most 64-bits of the given address */
202 	/* XXX assumption on the size of IFID */
203 	memcpy(&seed[8], seed1, 8);
204 
205   again:
206 	/* for debugging purposes only */
207 #if 0
208 	{
209 		int i;
210 
211 		printf("generate_tmp_ifid: new randomized ID from: ");
212 		for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
213 			printf("%02x", seed[i]);
214 		printf(" ");
215 	}
216 #endif
217 
218 	/* generate 16 bytes of pseudo-random value. */
219 	memset(&ctxt, 0, sizeof(ctxt));
220 	MD5Init(&ctxt);
221 	MD5Update(&ctxt, seed, sizeof(seed));
222 	MD5Final(digest, &ctxt);
223 
224 	/*
225 	 * draft-ietf-ipngwg-temp-addresses-v2-00.txt 3.2.1. (3)
226 	 * Take the left-most 64-bits of the MD5 digest and set bit 6 (the
227 	 * left-most bit is numbered 0) to zero.
228 	 */
229 	memcpy(ret, digest, 8);
230 	ret[0] &= ~EUI64_UBIT;
231 
232 	/*
233 	 * Reject inappropriate identifiers according to
234 	 * draft-ietf-ipngwg-temp-addresses-v2-00.txt 3.2.1. (4)
235 	 * At this moment, we reject following cases:
236 	 * - all 0 identifier
237 	 * - identifiers that conflict with reserved subnet anycast addresses,
238 	 *   which are defined in RFC 2526.
239 	 * - identifiers that conflict with ISATAP addresses
240 	 * - identifiers used in our own addresses
241 	 */
242 	badid = 0;
243 	if (memcmp(nullbuf, ret, sizeof(nullbuf)) == 0)
244 		badid = 1;
245 	else if (memcmp(anycast_id, ret, 7) == 0 &&
246 	    (anycast_id[7] & ret[7]) == anycast_id[7]) {
247 		badid = 1;
248 	} else if (memcmp(isatap_id, ret, sizeof(isatap_id)) == 0)
249 		badid = 1;
250 	else {
251 		struct in6_ifaddr *ia;
252 
253 		for (ia = in6_ifaddr; ia; ia = ia->ia_next) {
254 			if (!memcmp(&ia->ia_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr[8],
255 			    ret, 8)) {
256 				badid = 1;
257 				break;
258 			}
259 		}
260 	}
261 
262 	/*
263 	 * In the event that an unacceptable identifier has been generated,
264 	 * restart the process, using the right-most 64 bits of the MD5 digest
265 	 * obtained in place of the history value.
266 	 */
267 	if (badid) {
268 		/* for debugging purposes only */
269 #if 0
270 		{
271 			int i;
272 
273 			printf("unacceptable random ID: ");
274 			for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
275 				printf("%02x", digest[i]);
276 			printf("\n");
277 		}
278 #endif
279 
280 		if (++retry < GEN_TEMPID_RETRY_MAX) {
281 			memcpy(seed, &digest[8], 8);
282 			goto again;
283 		} else {
284 			/*
285 			 * We're so unlucky.  Give up for now, and return
286 			 * all 0 IDs to tell the caller not to make a
287 			 * temporary address.
288 			 */
289 			nd6log((LOG_NOTICE,
290 			    "generate_tmp_ifid: never found a good ID\n"));
291 			memset(ret, 0, 8);
292 		}
293 	}
294 
295 	/*
296 	 * draft-ietf-ipngwg-temp-addresses-v2-00.txt 3.2.1. (6)
297 	 * Take the rightmost 64-bits of the MD5 digest and save them in
298 	 * stable storage as the history value to be used in the next
299 	 * iteration of the algorithm.
300 	 */
301 	memcpy(seed0, &digest[8], 8);
302 
303 	/* for debugging purposes only */
304 #if 0
305 	{
306 		int i;
307 
308 		printf("to: ");
309 		for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
310 			printf("%02x", digest[i]);
311 		printf("\n");
312 	}
313 #endif
314 
315 	return 0;
316 }
317 /*
318  * Get interface identifier for the specified interface.
319  * XXX assumes single sockaddr_dl (AF_LINK address) per an interfacea
320  *
321  * in6 - upper 64bits are preserved
322  */
323 int
324 in6_get_hw_ifid(struct ifnet *ifp, struct in6_addr *in6)
325 {
326 	struct ifaddr *ifa;
327 	const struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
328 	const char *addr;
329 	size_t addrlen;
330 	static u_int8_t allzero[8] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
331 	static u_int8_t allone[8] =
332 		{ 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff };
333 
334 	IFADDR_FOREACH(ifa, ifp) {
335 		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_LINK)
336 			continue;
337 		sdl = satocsdl(ifa->ifa_addr);
338 		if (sdl == NULL)
339 			continue;
340 		if (sdl->sdl_alen == 0)
341 			continue;
342 
343 		goto found;
344 	}
345 
346 	return -1;
347 
348 found:
349 	addr = CLLADDR(sdl);
350 	addrlen = sdl->sdl_alen;
351 
352 	switch (ifp->if_type) {
353 	case IFT_IEEE1394:
354 	case IFT_IEEE80211:
355 		/* IEEE1394 uses 16byte length address starting with EUI64 */
356 		if (addrlen > 8)
357 			addrlen = 8;
358 		break;
359 	default:
360 		break;
361 	}
362 
363 	/* get EUI64 */
364 	switch (ifp->if_type) {
365 	/* IEEE802/EUI64 cases - what others? */
366 	case IFT_ETHER:
367 	case IFT_FDDI:
368 	case IFT_ATM:
369 	case IFT_IEEE1394:
370 	case IFT_IEEE80211:
371 		/* look at IEEE802/EUI64 only */
372 		if (addrlen != 8 && addrlen != 6)
373 			return -1;
374 
375 		/*
376 		 * check for invalid MAC address - on bsdi, we see it a lot
377 		 * since wildboar configures all-zero MAC on pccard before
378 		 * card insertion.
379 		 */
380 		if (memcmp(addr, allzero, addrlen) == 0)
381 			return -1;
382 		if (memcmp(addr, allone, addrlen) == 0)
383 			return -1;
384 
385 		/* make EUI64 address */
386 		if (addrlen == 8)
387 			memcpy(&in6->s6_addr[8], addr, 8);
388 		else if (addrlen == 6) {
389 			in6->s6_addr[8] = addr[0];
390 			in6->s6_addr[9] = addr[1];
391 			in6->s6_addr[10] = addr[2];
392 			in6->s6_addr[11] = 0xff;
393 			in6->s6_addr[12] = 0xfe;
394 			in6->s6_addr[13] = addr[3];
395 			in6->s6_addr[14] = addr[4];
396 			in6->s6_addr[15] = addr[5];
397 		}
398 		break;
399 
400 	case IFT_ARCNET:
401 		if (addrlen != 1)
402 			return -1;
403 		if (!addr[0])
404 			return -1;
405 
406 		memset(&in6->s6_addr[8], 0, 8);
407 		in6->s6_addr[15] = addr[0];
408 
409 		/*
410 		 * due to insufficient bitwidth, we mark it local.
411 		 */
412 		in6->s6_addr[8] &= ~EUI64_GBIT;	/* g bit to "individual" */
413 		in6->s6_addr[8] |= EUI64_UBIT;	/* u bit to "local" */
414 		break;
415 
416 	case IFT_GIF:
417 #ifdef IFT_STF
418 	case IFT_STF:
419 #endif
420 		/*
421 		 * RFC2893 says: "SHOULD use IPv4 address as ifid source".
422 		 * however, IPv4 address is not very suitable as unique
423 		 * identifier source (can be renumbered).
424 		 * we don't do this.
425 		 */
426 		return -1;
427 
428 	default:
429 		return -1;
430 	}
431 
432 	/* sanity check: g bit must not indicate "group" */
433 	if (EUI64_GROUP(in6))
434 		return -1;
435 
436 	/* convert EUI64 into IPv6 interface identifier */
437 	EUI64_TO_IFID(in6);
438 
439 	/*
440 	 * sanity check: ifid must not be all zero, avoid conflict with
441 	 * subnet router anycast
442 	 */
443 	if ((in6->s6_addr[8] & ~(EUI64_GBIT | EUI64_UBIT)) == 0x00 &&
444 	    memcmp(&in6->s6_addr[9], allzero, 7) == 0) {
445 		return -1;
446 	}
447 
448 	return 0;
449 }
450 
451 /*
452  * Get interface identifier for the specified interface.  If it is not
453  * available on ifp0, borrow interface identifier from other information
454  * sources.
455  *
456  * altifp - secondary EUI64 source
457  */
458 static int
459 get_ifid(struct ifnet *ifp0, struct ifnet *altifp,
460 	struct in6_addr *in6)
461 {
462 	struct ifnet *ifp;
463 
464 	/* first, try to get it from the interface itself */
465 	if (in6_get_hw_ifid(ifp0, in6) == 0) {
466 		nd6log((LOG_DEBUG, "%s: got interface identifier from itself\n",
467 		    if_name(ifp0)));
468 		goto success;
469 	}
470 
471 	/* try secondary EUI64 source. this basically is for ATM PVC */
472 	if (altifp && in6_get_hw_ifid(altifp, in6) == 0) {
473 		nd6log((LOG_DEBUG, "%s: got interface identifier from %s\n",
474 		    if_name(ifp0), if_name(altifp)));
475 		goto success;
476 	}
477 
478 	/* next, try to get it from some other hardware interface */
479 	TAILQ_FOREACH(ifp, &ifnet, if_list) {
480 		if (ifp == ifp0)
481 			continue;
482 		if (in6_get_hw_ifid(ifp, in6) != 0)
483 			continue;
484 
485 		/*
486 		 * to borrow ifid from other interface, ifid needs to be
487 		 * globally unique
488 		 */
489 		if (IFID_UNIVERSAL(in6)) {
490 			nd6log((LOG_DEBUG,
491 			    "%s: borrow interface identifier from %s\n",
492 			    if_name(ifp0), if_name(ifp)));
493 			goto success;
494 		}
495 	}
496 
497 #if 0
498 	/* get from hostid - only for certain architectures */
499 	if (get_hostid_ifid(ifp, in6) == 0) {
500 		nd6log((LOG_DEBUG,
501 		    "%s: interface identifier generated by hostid\n",
502 		    if_name(ifp0)));
503 		goto success;
504 	}
505 #endif
506 
507 	/* last resort: get from random number source */
508 	if (get_rand_ifid(ifp, in6) == 0) {
509 		nd6log((LOG_DEBUG,
510 		    "%s: interface identifier generated by random number\n",
511 		    if_name(ifp0)));
512 		goto success;
513 	}
514 
515 	printf("%s: failed to get interface identifier\n", if_name(ifp0));
516 	return -1;
517 
518 success:
519 	nd6log((LOG_INFO, "%s: ifid: %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x\n",
520 	    if_name(ifp0), in6->s6_addr[8], in6->s6_addr[9], in6->s6_addr[10],
521 	    in6->s6_addr[11], in6->s6_addr[12], in6->s6_addr[13],
522 	    in6->s6_addr[14], in6->s6_addr[15]));
523 	return 0;
524 }
525 
526 /*
527  * altifp - secondary EUI64 source
528  */
529 
530 static int
531 in6_ifattach_linklocal(struct ifnet *ifp, struct ifnet *altifp)
532 {
533 	struct in6_ifaddr *ia;
534 	struct in6_aliasreq ifra;
535 	struct nd_prefixctl pr0;
536 	int i, error;
537 
538 	/*
539 	 * configure link-local address.
540 	 */
541 	memset(&ifra, 0, sizeof(ifra));
542 
543 	/*
544 	 * in6_update_ifa() does not use ifra_name, but we accurately set it
545 	 * for safety.
546 	 */
547 	strncpy(ifra.ifra_name, if_name(ifp), sizeof(ifra.ifra_name));
548 
549 	ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
550 	ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
551 	ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[0] = htonl(0xfe800000);
552 	ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[1] = 0;
553 	if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) != 0) {
554 		ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2] = 0;
555 		ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3] = htonl(1);
556 	} else {
557 		if (get_ifid(ifp, altifp, &ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr) != 0) {
558 			nd6log((LOG_ERR,
559 			    "%s: no ifid available\n", if_name(ifp)));
560 			return -1;
561 		}
562 	}
563 	if (in6_setscope(&ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr, ifp, NULL))
564 		return -1;
565 
566 	sockaddr_in6_init(&ifra.ifra_prefixmask, &in6mask64, 0, 0, 0);
567 	/* link-local addresses should NEVER expire. */
568 	ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_vltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
569 	ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_pltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
570 
571 	/*
572 	 * Now call in6_update_ifa() to do a bunch of procedures to configure
573 	 * a link-local address. We can set the 3rd argument to NULL, because
574 	 * we know there's no other link-local address on the interface
575 	 * and therefore we are adding one (instead of updating one).
576 	 */
577 	if ((error = in6_update_ifa(ifp, &ifra, NULL,
578 	    IN6_IFAUPDATE_DADDELAY)) != 0) {
579 		/*
580 		 * XXX: When the interface does not support IPv6, this call
581 		 * would fail in the SIOCSIFADDR ioctl.  I believe the
582 		 * notification is rather confusing in this case, so just
583 		 * suppress it.  (jinmei@kame.net 20010130)
584 		 */
585 		if (error != EAFNOSUPPORT)
586 			nd6log((LOG_NOTICE, "in6_ifattach_linklocal: failed to "
587 			    "configure a link-local address on %s "
588 			    "(errno=%d)\n",
589 			    if_name(ifp), error));
590 		return -1;
591 	}
592 
593 	ia = in6ifa_ifpforlinklocal(ifp, 0); /* ia must not be NULL */
594 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
595 	if (!ia) {
596 		panic("ia == NULL in in6_ifattach_linklocal");
597 		/* NOTREACHED */
598 	}
599 #endif
600 
601 	/*
602 	 * Make the link-local prefix (fe80::/64%link) as on-link.
603 	 * Since we'd like to manage prefixes separately from addresses,
604 	 * we make an ND6 prefix structure for the link-local prefix,
605 	 * and add it to the prefix list as a never-expire prefix.
606 	 * XXX: this change might affect some existing code base...
607 	 */
608 	memset(&pr0, 0, sizeof(pr0));
609 	pr0.ndpr_ifp = ifp;
610 	/* this should be 64 at this moment. */
611 	pr0.ndpr_plen = in6_mask2len(&ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_addr, NULL);
612 	pr0.ndpr_prefix = ifra.ifra_addr;
613 	/* apply the mask for safety. (nd6_prelist_add will apply it again) */
614 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
615 		pr0.ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[i] &=
616 		    in6mask64.s6_addr32[i];
617 	}
618 	/*
619 	 * Initialize parameters.  The link-local prefix must always be
620 	 * on-link, and its lifetimes never expire.
621 	 */
622 	pr0.ndpr_raf_onlink = 1;
623 	pr0.ndpr_raf_auto = 1;	/* probably meaningless */
624 	pr0.ndpr_vltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
625 	pr0.ndpr_pltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
626 	/*
627 	 * Since there is no other link-local addresses, nd6_prefix_lookup()
628 	 * probably returns NULL.  However, we cannot always expect the result.
629 	 * For example, if we first remove the (only) existing link-local
630 	 * address, and then reconfigure another one, the prefix is still
631 	 * valid with referring to the old link-local address.
632 	 */
633 	if (nd6_prefix_lookup(&pr0) == NULL) {
634 		if ((error = nd6_prelist_add(&pr0, NULL, NULL)) != 0)
635 			return error;
636 	}
637 
638 	return 0;
639 }
640 
641 /*
642  * ifp - mut be IFT_LOOP
643  */
644 
645 static int
646 in6_ifattach_loopback(struct ifnet *ifp)
647 {
648 	struct in6_aliasreq ifra;
649 	int error;
650 
651 	memset(&ifra, 0, sizeof(ifra));
652 
653 	/*
654 	 * in6_update_ifa() does not use ifra_name, but we accurately set it
655 	 * for safety.
656 	 */
657 	strncpy(ifra.ifra_name, if_name(ifp), sizeof(ifra.ifra_name));
658 
659 	sockaddr_in6_init(&ifra.ifra_prefixmask, &in6mask128, 0, 0, 0);
660 
661 	/*
662 	 * Always initialize ia_dstaddr (= broadcast address) to loopback
663 	 * address.  Follows IPv4 practice - see in_ifinit().
664 	 */
665 	sockaddr_in6_init(&ifra.ifra_dstaddr, &in6addr_loopback, 0, 0, 0);
666 
667 	sockaddr_in6_init(&ifra.ifra_addr, &in6addr_loopback, 0, 0, 0);
668 
669 	/* the loopback  address should NEVER expire. */
670 	ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_vltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
671 	ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_pltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
672 
673 	/* we don't need to perform DAD on loopback interfaces. */
674 	ifra.ifra_flags |= IN6_IFF_NODAD;
675 
676 	/*
677 	 * We are sure that this is a newly assigned address, so we can set
678 	 * NULL to the 3rd arg.
679 	 */
680 	if ((error = in6_update_ifa(ifp, &ifra, NULL, 0)) != 0) {
681 		nd6log((LOG_ERR, "in6_ifattach_loopback: failed to configure "
682 		    "the loopback address on %s (errno=%d)\n",
683 		    if_name(ifp), error));
684 		return -1;
685 	}
686 
687 	return 0;
688 }
689 
690 /*
691  * compute NI group address, based on the current hostname setting.
692  * see draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-lookup-* (04 and later).
693  *
694  * when ifp == NULL, the caller is responsible for filling scopeid.
695  */
696 int
697 in6_nigroup(struct ifnet *ifp, const char *name, int namelen,
698 	struct sockaddr_in6 *sa6)
699 {
700 	const char *p;
701 	u_int8_t *q;
702 	MD5_CTX ctxt;
703 	u_int8_t digest[16];
704 	u_int8_t l;
705 	u_int8_t n[64];	/* a single label must not exceed 63 chars */
706 
707 	if (!namelen || !name)
708 		return -1;
709 
710 	p = name;
711 	while (p && *p && *p != '.' && p - name < namelen)
712 		p++;
713 	if (p - name > sizeof(n) - 1)
714 		return -1;	/* label too long */
715 	l = p - name;
716 	strncpy((char *)n, name, l);
717 	n[(int)l] = '\0';
718 	for (q = n; *q; q++) {
719 		if ('A' <= *q && *q <= 'Z')
720 			*q = *q - 'A' + 'a';
721 	}
722 
723 	/* generate 8 bytes of pseudo-random value. */
724 	memset(&ctxt, 0, sizeof(ctxt));
725 	MD5Init(&ctxt);
726 	MD5Update(&ctxt, &l, sizeof(l));
727 	MD5Update(&ctxt, n, l);
728 	MD5Final(digest, &ctxt);
729 
730 	memset(sa6, 0, sizeof(*sa6));
731 	sa6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
732 	sa6->sin6_len = sizeof(*sa6);
733 	sa6->sin6_addr.s6_addr16[0] = htons(0xff02);
734 	sa6->sin6_addr.s6_addr8[11] = 2;
735 	memcpy(&sa6->sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3], digest,
736 	    sizeof(sa6->sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3]));
737 	if (in6_setscope(&sa6->sin6_addr, ifp, NULL))
738 		return -1; /* XXX: should not fail */
739 
740 	return 0;
741 }
742 
743 /*
744  * XXX multiple loopback interface needs more care.  for instance,
745  * nodelocal address needs to be configured onto only one of them.
746  * XXX multiple link-local address case
747  *
748  * altifp - secondary EUI64 source
749  */
750 void
751 in6_ifattach(struct ifnet *ifp, struct ifnet *altifp)
752 {
753 	struct in6_ifaddr *ia;
754 	struct in6_addr in6;
755 
756 	/* some of the interfaces are inherently not IPv6 capable */
757 	switch (ifp->if_type) {
758 	case IFT_BRIDGE:
759 #ifdef IFT_PFLOG
760 	case IFT_PFLOG:
761 #endif
762 #ifdef IFT_PFSYNC
763 	case IFT_PFSYNC:
764 #endif
765 		return;
766 	}
767 
768 	/*
769 	 * if link mtu is too small, don't try to configure IPv6.
770 	 * remember there could be some link-layer that has special
771 	 * fragmentation logic.
772 	 */
773 	if (ifp->if_mtu < IPV6_MMTU) {
774 		nd6log((LOG_INFO, "in6_ifattach: "
775 		    "%s has too small MTU, IPv6 not enabled\n",
776 		    if_name(ifp)));
777 		return;
778 	}
779 
780 	/* create a multicast kludge storage (if we have not had one) */
781 	in6_createmkludge(ifp);
782 
783 	/*
784 	 * quirks based on interface type
785 	 */
786 	switch (ifp->if_type) {
787 #ifdef IFT_STF
788 	case IFT_STF:
789 		/*
790 		 * 6to4 interface is a very special kind of beast.
791 		 * no multicast, no linklocal.  RFC2529 specifies how to make
792 		 * linklocals for 6to4 interface, but there's no use and
793 		 * it is rather harmful to have one.
794 		 */
795 		return;
796 #endif
797 	case IFT_CARP:
798 		return;
799 	default:
800 		break;
801 	}
802 
803 	/*
804 	 * usually, we require multicast capability to the interface
805 	 */
806 	if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_MULTICAST) == 0) {
807 		nd6log((LOG_INFO, "in6_ifattach: "
808 		    "%s is not multicast capable, IPv6 not enabled\n",
809 		    if_name(ifp)));
810 		return;
811 	}
812 
813 	/*
814 	 * assign loopback address for loopback interface.
815 	 * XXX multiple loopback interface case.
816 	 */
817 	if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) != 0) {
818 		in6 = in6addr_loopback;
819 		if (in6ifa_ifpwithaddr(ifp, &in6) == NULL) {
820 			if (in6_ifattach_loopback(ifp) != 0)
821 				return;
822 		}
823 	}
824 
825 	/*
826 	 * assign a link-local address, if there's none.
827 	 */
828 	if (ip6_auto_linklocal) {
829 		ia = in6ifa_ifpforlinklocal(ifp, 0);
830 		if (ia == NULL && in6_ifattach_linklocal(ifp, altifp) != 0) {
831 			printf("%s: cannot assign link-local address\n",
832 			    ifp->if_xname);
833 		}
834 	}
835 }
836 
837 /*
838  * NOTE: in6_ifdetach() does not support loopback if at this moment.
839  * We don't need this function in bsdi, because interfaces are never removed
840  * from the ifnet list in bsdi.
841  */
842 void
843 in6_ifdetach(struct ifnet *ifp)
844 {
845 	struct in6_ifaddr *ia, *oia;
846 	struct ifaddr *ifa, *next;
847 	struct rtentry *rt;
848 	short rtflags;
849 	struct in6_multi_mship *imm;
850 
851 	/* remove ip6_mrouter stuff */
852 	ip6_mrouter_detach(ifp);
853 
854 	/* remove neighbor management table */
855 	nd6_purge(ifp);
856 
857 	/* XXX this code is duplicated in in6_purgeif() --dyoung */
858 	/* nuke any of IPv6 addresses we have */
859 	if_purgeaddrs(ifp, AF_INET6, in6_purgeaddr);
860 
861 	/* XXX isn't this code is redundant, given the above? --dyoung */
862 	/* XXX doesn't this code replicate code in in6_purgeaddr() ? --dyoung */
863 	/* undo everything done by in6_ifattach(), just in case */
864 	for (ifa = IFADDR_FIRST(ifp); ifa != NULL; ifa = next) {
865 		next = IFADDR_NEXT(ifa);
866 
867 		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET6
868 		 || !IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&satosin6(&ifa->ifa_addr)->sin6_addr)) {
869 			continue;
870 		}
871 
872 		ia = (struct in6_ifaddr *)ifa;
873 
874 		/*
875 		 * leave from multicast groups we have joined for the interface
876 		 */
877 		while ((imm = LIST_FIRST(&ia->ia6_memberships)) != NULL) {
878 			LIST_REMOVE(imm, i6mm_chain);
879 			in6_leavegroup(imm);
880 		}
881 
882 		/* remove from the routing table */
883 		if ((ia->ia_flags & IFA_ROUTE) &&
884 		    (rt = rtalloc1((struct sockaddr *)&ia->ia_addr, 0))) {
885 			rtflags = rt->rt_flags;
886 			rtfree(rt);
887 			rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, (struct sockaddr *)&ia->ia_addr,
888 			    (struct sockaddr *)&ia->ia_addr,
889 			    (struct sockaddr *)&ia->ia_prefixmask,
890 			    rtflags, (struct rtentry **)0);
891 		}
892 
893 		/* remove from the linked list */
894 		ifa_remove(ifp, &ia->ia_ifa);
895 
896 		/* also remove from the IPv6 address chain(itojun&jinmei) */
897 		oia = ia;
898 		if (oia == (ia = in6_ifaddr))
899 			in6_ifaddr = ia->ia_next;
900 		else {
901 			while (ia->ia_next && (ia->ia_next != oia))
902 				ia = ia->ia_next;
903 			if (ia->ia_next)
904 				ia->ia_next = oia->ia_next;
905 			else {
906 				nd6log((LOG_ERR,
907 				    "%s: didn't unlink in6ifaddr from list\n",
908 				    if_name(ifp)));
909 			}
910 		}
911 
912 		IFAFREE(&oia->ia_ifa);
913 	}
914 
915 	/* cleanup multicast address kludge table, if there is any */
916 	in6_purgemkludge(ifp);
917 
918 	/*
919 	 * remove neighbor management table.  we call it twice just to make
920 	 * sure we nuke everything.  maybe we need just one call.
921 	 * XXX: since the first call did not release addresses, some prefixes
922 	 * might remain.  We should call nd6_purge() again to release the
923 	 * prefixes after removing all addresses above.
924 	 * (Or can we just delay calling nd6_purge until at this point?)
925 	 */
926 	nd6_purge(ifp);
927 }
928 
929 int
930 in6_get_tmpifid(struct ifnet *ifp, u_int8_t *retbuf,
931 	const u_int8_t *baseid, int generate)
932 {
933 	u_int8_t nullbuf[8];
934 	struct nd_ifinfo *ndi = ND_IFINFO(ifp);
935 
936 	memset(nullbuf, 0, sizeof(nullbuf));
937 	if (memcmp(ndi->randomid, nullbuf, sizeof(nullbuf)) == 0) {
938 		/* we've never created a random ID.  Create a new one. */
939 		generate = 1;
940 	}
941 
942 	if (generate) {
943 		memcpy(ndi->randomseed1, baseid, sizeof(ndi->randomseed1));
944 
945 		/* generate_tmp_ifid will update seedn and buf */
946 		(void)generate_tmp_ifid(ndi->randomseed0, ndi->randomseed1,
947 		    ndi->randomid);
948 	}
949 	memcpy(retbuf, ndi->randomid, 8);
950 	if (generate && memcmp(retbuf, nullbuf, sizeof(nullbuf)) == 0) {
951 		/* generate_tmp_ifid could not found a good ID. */
952 		return -1;
953 	}
954 
955 	return 0;
956 }
957 
958 void
959 in6_tmpaddrtimer(void *ignored_arg)
960 {
961 	struct nd_ifinfo *ndi;
962 	u_int8_t nullbuf[8];
963 	struct ifnet *ifp;
964 	int s = splsoftnet();
965 
966 	callout_reset(&in6_tmpaddrtimer_ch,
967 	    (ip6_temp_preferred_lifetime - ip6_desync_factor -
968 	    ip6_temp_regen_advance) * hz, in6_tmpaddrtimer, NULL);
969 
970 	memset(nullbuf, 0, sizeof(nullbuf));
971 	TAILQ_FOREACH(ifp, &ifnet, if_list) {
972 		ndi = ND_IFINFO(ifp);
973 		if (memcmp(ndi->randomid, nullbuf, sizeof(nullbuf)) != 0) {
974 			/*
975 			 * We've been generating a random ID on this interface.
976 			 * Create a new one.
977 			 */
978 			(void)generate_tmp_ifid(ndi->randomseed0,
979 			    ndi->randomseed1, ndi->randomid);
980 		}
981 	}
982 
983 	splx(s);
984 }
985