xref: /netbsd-src/sys/netinet6/in6_ifattach.c (revision 404fbe5fb94ca1e054339640cabb2801ce52dd30)
1 /*	$NetBSD: in6_ifattach.c,v 1.81 2008/11/07 00:20:18 dyoung Exp $	*/
2 /*	$KAME: in6_ifattach.c,v 1.124 2001/07/18 08:32:51 jinmei Exp $	*/
3 
4 /*
5  * Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997, and 1998 WIDE Project.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. Neither the name of the project nor the names of its contributors
17  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
18  *    without specific prior written permission.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE PROJECT AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
21  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
23  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE PROJECT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
24  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
25  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
26  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
27  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
28  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
29  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
30  * SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
34 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: in6_ifattach.c,v 1.81 2008/11/07 00:20:18 dyoung Exp $");
35 
36 #include <sys/param.h>
37 #include <sys/systm.h>
38 #include <sys/malloc.h>
39 #include <sys/socket.h>
40 #include <sys/sockio.h>
41 #include <sys/kernel.h>
42 #include <sys/syslog.h>
43 #include <sys/md5.h>
44 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
45 
46 #include <net/if.h>
47 #include <net/if_dl.h>
48 #include <net/if_types.h>
49 #include <net/route.h>
50 
51 #include <netinet/in.h>
52 #include <netinet/in_var.h>
53 
54 #include <netinet/ip6.h>
55 #include <netinet6/in6_ifattach.h>
56 #include <netinet6/ip6_var.h>
57 #include <netinet6/nd6.h>
58 #include <netinet6/ip6_mroute.h>
59 #include <netinet6/scope6_var.h>
60 
61 #include <net/net_osdep.h>
62 
63 unsigned long in6_maxmtu = 0;
64 
65 int ip6_auto_linklocal = 1;	/* enable by default */
66 
67 callout_t in6_tmpaddrtimer_ch;
68 
69 
70 #if 0
71 static int get_hostid_ifid(struct ifnet *, struct in6_addr *);
72 #endif
73 static int get_rand_ifid(struct ifnet *, struct in6_addr *);
74 static int generate_tmp_ifid(u_int8_t *, const u_int8_t *, u_int8_t *);
75 static int get_ifid(struct ifnet *, struct ifnet *, struct in6_addr *);
76 static int in6_ifattach_linklocal(struct ifnet *, struct ifnet *);
77 static int in6_ifattach_loopback(struct ifnet *);
78 
79 #define EUI64_GBIT	0x01
80 #define EUI64_UBIT	0x02
81 #define EUI64_TO_IFID(in6)	do {(in6)->s6_addr[8] ^= EUI64_UBIT; } while (/*CONSTCOND*/ 0)
82 #define EUI64_GROUP(in6)	((in6)->s6_addr[8] & EUI64_GBIT)
83 #define EUI64_INDIVIDUAL(in6)	(!EUI64_GROUP(in6))
84 #define EUI64_LOCAL(in6)	((in6)->s6_addr[8] & EUI64_UBIT)
85 #define EUI64_UNIVERSAL(in6)	(!EUI64_LOCAL(in6))
86 
87 #define IFID_LOCAL(in6)		(!EUI64_LOCAL(in6))
88 #define IFID_UNIVERSAL(in6)	(!EUI64_UNIVERSAL(in6))
89 
90 #define GEN_TEMPID_RETRY_MAX 5
91 
92 #if 0
93 /*
94  * Generate a last-resort interface identifier from hostid.
95  * works only for certain architectures (like sparc).
96  * also, using hostid itself may constitute a privacy threat, much worse
97  * than MAC addresses (hostids are used for software licensing).
98  * maybe we should use MD5(hostid) instead.
99  *
100  * in6 - upper 64bits are preserved
101  */
102 static int
103 get_hostid_ifid(struct ifnet *ifp, struct in6_addr *in6)
104 {
105 	int off, len;
106 	static const uint8_t allzero[8] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
107 	static const uint8_t allone[8] =
108 	    { 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff };
109 
110 	if (!hostid)
111 		return -1;
112 
113 	/* get up to 8 bytes from the hostid field - should we get */
114 	len = (sizeof(hostid) > 8) ? 8 : sizeof(hostid);
115 	off = sizeof(*in6) - len;
116 	memcpy(&in6->s6_addr[off], &hostid, len);
117 
118 	/* make sure we do not return anything bogus */
119 	if (memcmp(&in6->s6_addr[8], allzero, sizeof(allzero)))
120 		return -1;
121 	if (memcmp(&in6->s6_addr[8], allone, sizeof(allone)))
122 		return -1;
123 
124 	/* make sure to set "u" bit to local, and "g" bit to individual. */
125 	in6->s6_addr[8] &= ~EUI64_GBIT;	/* g bit to "individual" */
126 	in6->s6_addr[8] |= EUI64_UBIT;	/* u bit to "local" */
127 
128 	/* convert EUI64 into IPv6 interface identifier */
129 	EUI64_TO_IFID(in6);
130 
131 	return 0;
132 }
133 #endif
134 
135 /*
136  * Generate a last-resort interface identifier, when the machine has no
137  * IEEE802/EUI64 address sources.
138  * The goal here is to get an interface identifier that is
139  * (1) random enough and (2) does not change across reboot.
140  * We currently use MD5(hostname) for it.
141  */
142 static int
143 get_rand_ifid(struct ifnet *ifp,
144 	struct in6_addr *in6)	/* upper 64bits are preserved */
145 {
146 	MD5_CTX ctxt;
147 	u_int8_t digest[16];
148 
149 #if 0
150 	/* we need at least several letters as seed for ifid */
151 	if (hostnamelen < 3)
152 		return -1;
153 #endif
154 
155 	/* generate 8 bytes of pseudo-random value. */
156 	memset(&ctxt, 0, sizeof(ctxt));
157 	MD5Init(&ctxt);
158 	MD5Update(&ctxt, (u_char *)hostname, hostnamelen);
159 	MD5Final(digest, &ctxt);
160 
161 	/* assumes sizeof(digest) > sizeof(ifid) */
162 	memcpy(&in6->s6_addr[8], digest, 8);
163 
164 	/* make sure to set "u" bit to local, and "g" bit to individual. */
165 	in6->s6_addr[8] &= ~EUI64_GBIT;	/* g bit to "individual" */
166 	in6->s6_addr[8] |= EUI64_UBIT;	/* u bit to "local" */
167 
168 	/* convert EUI64 into IPv6 interface identifier */
169 	EUI64_TO_IFID(in6);
170 
171 	return 0;
172 }
173 
174 static int
175 generate_tmp_ifid(u_int8_t *seed0, const u_int8_t *seed1, u_int8_t *ret)
176 {
177 	MD5_CTX ctxt;
178 	u_int8_t seed[16], digest[16], nullbuf[8];
179 	u_int32_t val32;
180 	/*
181 	 * interface ID for subnet anycast addresses.
182 	 * XXX: we assume the unicast address range that requires IDs
183 	 * in EUI-64 format.
184 	 */
185 	static const uint8_t anycast_id[8] = { 0xfd, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
186 	    0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x80 };
187 	static const uint8_t isatap_id[4] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x5e, 0xfe };
188 	int badid, retry = 0;
189 
190 	/* If there's no hisotry, start with a random seed. */
191 	memset(nullbuf, 0, sizeof(nullbuf));
192 	if (memcmp(nullbuf, seed0, sizeof(nullbuf)) == 0) {
193 		int i;
194 
195 		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
196 			val32 = arc4random();
197 			memcpy(seed + sizeof(val32) * i, &val32, sizeof(val32));
198 		}
199 	} else
200 		memcpy(seed, seed0, 8);
201 
202 	/* copy the right-most 64-bits of the given address */
203 	/* XXX assumption on the size of IFID */
204 	memcpy(&seed[8], seed1, 8);
205 
206   again:
207 	/* for debugging purposes only */
208 #if 0
209 	{
210 		int i;
211 
212 		printf("generate_tmp_ifid: new randomized ID from: ");
213 		for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
214 			printf("%02x", seed[i]);
215 		printf(" ");
216 	}
217 #endif
218 
219 	/* generate 16 bytes of pseudo-random value. */
220 	memset(&ctxt, 0, sizeof(ctxt));
221 	MD5Init(&ctxt);
222 	MD5Update(&ctxt, seed, sizeof(seed));
223 	MD5Final(digest, &ctxt);
224 
225 	/*
226 	 * draft-ietf-ipngwg-temp-addresses-v2-00.txt 3.2.1. (3)
227 	 * Take the left-most 64-bits of the MD5 digest and set bit 6 (the
228 	 * left-most bit is numbered 0) to zero.
229 	 */
230 	memcpy(ret, digest, 8);
231 	ret[0] &= ~EUI64_UBIT;
232 
233 	/*
234 	 * Reject inappropriate identifiers according to
235 	 * draft-ietf-ipngwg-temp-addresses-v2-00.txt 3.2.1. (4)
236 	 * At this moment, we reject following cases:
237 	 * - all 0 identifier
238 	 * - identifiers that conflict with reserved subnet anycast addresses,
239 	 *   which are defined in RFC 2526.
240 	 * - identifiers that conflict with ISATAP addresses
241 	 * - identifiers used in our own addresses
242 	 */
243 	badid = 0;
244 	if (memcmp(nullbuf, ret, sizeof(nullbuf)) == 0)
245 		badid = 1;
246 	else if (memcmp(anycast_id, ret, 7) == 0 &&
247 	    (anycast_id[7] & ret[7]) == anycast_id[7]) {
248 		badid = 1;
249 	} else if (memcmp(isatap_id, ret, sizeof(isatap_id)) == 0)
250 		badid = 1;
251 	else {
252 		struct in6_ifaddr *ia;
253 
254 		for (ia = in6_ifaddr; ia; ia = ia->ia_next) {
255 			if (!memcmp(&ia->ia_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr[8],
256 			    ret, 8)) {
257 				badid = 1;
258 				break;
259 			}
260 		}
261 	}
262 
263 	/*
264 	 * In the event that an unacceptable identifier has been generated,
265 	 * restart the process, using the right-most 64 bits of the MD5 digest
266 	 * obtained in place of the history value.
267 	 */
268 	if (badid) {
269 		/* for debugging purposes only */
270 #if 0
271 		{
272 			int i;
273 
274 			printf("unacceptable random ID: ");
275 			for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
276 				printf("%02x", digest[i]);
277 			printf("\n");
278 		}
279 #endif
280 
281 		if (++retry < GEN_TEMPID_RETRY_MAX) {
282 			memcpy(seed, &digest[8], 8);
283 			goto again;
284 		} else {
285 			/*
286 			 * We're so unlucky.  Give up for now, and return
287 			 * all 0 IDs to tell the caller not to make a
288 			 * temporary address.
289 			 */
290 			nd6log((LOG_NOTICE,
291 			    "generate_tmp_ifid: never found a good ID\n"));
292 			memset(ret, 0, 8);
293 		}
294 	}
295 
296 	/*
297 	 * draft-ietf-ipngwg-temp-addresses-v2-00.txt 3.2.1. (6)
298 	 * Take the rightmost 64-bits of the MD5 digest and save them in
299 	 * stable storage as the history value to be used in the next
300 	 * iteration of the algorithm.
301 	 */
302 	memcpy(seed0, &digest[8], 8);
303 
304 	/* for debugging purposes only */
305 #if 0
306 	{
307 		int i;
308 
309 		printf("to: ");
310 		for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
311 			printf("%02x", digest[i]);
312 		printf("\n");
313 	}
314 #endif
315 
316 	return 0;
317 }
318 
319 /*
320  * Get interface identifier for the specified interface.
321  *
322  * in6 - upper 64bits are preserved
323  */
324 int
325 in6_get_hw_ifid(struct ifnet *ifp, struct in6_addr *in6)
326 {
327 	struct ifaddr *ifa;
328 	const struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = NULL, *tsdl;
329 	const char *addr;
330 	size_t addrlen;
331 	static u_int8_t allzero[8] = { 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
332 	static u_int8_t allone[8] =
333 		{ 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff };
334 
335 	IFADDR_FOREACH(ifa, ifp) {
336 		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_LINK)
337 			continue;
338 		tsdl = satocsdl(ifa->ifa_addr);
339 		if (tsdl == NULL || tsdl->sdl_alen == 0)
340 			continue;
341 		if (sdl == NULL || ifa == ifp->if_dl || ifa == ifp->if_hwdl)
342 			sdl = tsdl;
343 		if (ifa == ifp->if_hwdl)
344 			break;
345 	}
346 
347 	if (sdl == NULL)
348 		return -1;
349 
350 	addr = CLLADDR(sdl);
351 	addrlen = sdl->sdl_alen;
352 
353 	switch (ifp->if_type) {
354 	case IFT_IEEE1394:
355 	case IFT_IEEE80211:
356 		/* IEEE1394 uses 16byte length address starting with EUI64 */
357 		if (addrlen > 8)
358 			addrlen = 8;
359 		break;
360 	default:
361 		break;
362 	}
363 
364 	/* get EUI64 */
365 	switch (ifp->if_type) {
366 	/* IEEE802/EUI64 cases - what others? */
367 	case IFT_ETHER:
368 	case IFT_FDDI:
369 	case IFT_ATM:
370 	case IFT_IEEE1394:
371 	case IFT_IEEE80211:
372 		/* look at IEEE802/EUI64 only */
373 		if (addrlen != 8 && addrlen != 6)
374 			return -1;
375 
376 		/*
377 		 * check for invalid MAC address - on bsdi, we see it a lot
378 		 * since wildboar configures all-zero MAC on pccard before
379 		 * card insertion.
380 		 */
381 		if (memcmp(addr, allzero, addrlen) == 0)
382 			return -1;
383 		if (memcmp(addr, allone, addrlen) == 0)
384 			return -1;
385 
386 		/* make EUI64 address */
387 		if (addrlen == 8)
388 			memcpy(&in6->s6_addr[8], addr, 8);
389 		else if (addrlen == 6) {
390 			in6->s6_addr[8] = addr[0];
391 			in6->s6_addr[9] = addr[1];
392 			in6->s6_addr[10] = addr[2];
393 			in6->s6_addr[11] = 0xff;
394 			in6->s6_addr[12] = 0xfe;
395 			in6->s6_addr[13] = addr[3];
396 			in6->s6_addr[14] = addr[4];
397 			in6->s6_addr[15] = addr[5];
398 		}
399 		break;
400 
401 	case IFT_ARCNET:
402 		if (addrlen != 1)
403 			return -1;
404 		if (!addr[0])
405 			return -1;
406 
407 		memset(&in6->s6_addr[8], 0, 8);
408 		in6->s6_addr[15] = addr[0];
409 
410 		/*
411 		 * due to insufficient bitwidth, we mark it local.
412 		 */
413 		in6->s6_addr[8] &= ~EUI64_GBIT;	/* g bit to "individual" */
414 		in6->s6_addr[8] |= EUI64_UBIT;	/* u bit to "local" */
415 		break;
416 
417 	case IFT_GIF:
418 #ifdef IFT_STF
419 	case IFT_STF:
420 #endif
421 		/*
422 		 * RFC2893 says: "SHOULD use IPv4 address as ifid source".
423 		 * however, IPv4 address is not very suitable as unique
424 		 * identifier source (can be renumbered).
425 		 * we don't do this.
426 		 */
427 		return -1;
428 
429 	default:
430 		return -1;
431 	}
432 
433 	/* sanity check: g bit must not indicate "group" */
434 	if (EUI64_GROUP(in6))
435 		return -1;
436 
437 	/* convert EUI64 into IPv6 interface identifier */
438 	EUI64_TO_IFID(in6);
439 
440 	/*
441 	 * sanity check: ifid must not be all zero, avoid conflict with
442 	 * subnet router anycast
443 	 */
444 	if ((in6->s6_addr[8] & ~(EUI64_GBIT | EUI64_UBIT)) == 0x00 &&
445 	    memcmp(&in6->s6_addr[9], allzero, 7) == 0) {
446 		return -1;
447 	}
448 
449 	return 0;
450 }
451 
452 /*
453  * Get interface identifier for the specified interface.  If it is not
454  * available on ifp0, borrow interface identifier from other information
455  * sources.
456  *
457  * altifp - secondary EUI64 source
458  */
459 static int
460 get_ifid(struct ifnet *ifp0, struct ifnet *altifp,
461 	struct in6_addr *in6)
462 {
463 	struct ifnet *ifp;
464 
465 	/* first, try to get it from the interface itself */
466 	if (in6_get_hw_ifid(ifp0, in6) == 0) {
467 		nd6log((LOG_DEBUG, "%s: got interface identifier from itself\n",
468 		    if_name(ifp0)));
469 		goto success;
470 	}
471 
472 	/* try secondary EUI64 source. this basically is for ATM PVC */
473 	if (altifp && in6_get_hw_ifid(altifp, in6) == 0) {
474 		nd6log((LOG_DEBUG, "%s: got interface identifier from %s\n",
475 		    if_name(ifp0), if_name(altifp)));
476 		goto success;
477 	}
478 
479 	/* next, try to get it from some other hardware interface */
480 	TAILQ_FOREACH(ifp, &ifnet, if_list) {
481 		if (ifp == ifp0)
482 			continue;
483 		if (in6_get_hw_ifid(ifp, in6) != 0)
484 			continue;
485 
486 		/*
487 		 * to borrow ifid from other interface, ifid needs to be
488 		 * globally unique
489 		 */
490 		if (IFID_UNIVERSAL(in6)) {
491 			nd6log((LOG_DEBUG,
492 			    "%s: borrow interface identifier from %s\n",
493 			    if_name(ifp0), if_name(ifp)));
494 			goto success;
495 		}
496 	}
497 
498 #if 0
499 	/* get from hostid - only for certain architectures */
500 	if (get_hostid_ifid(ifp, in6) == 0) {
501 		nd6log((LOG_DEBUG,
502 		    "%s: interface identifier generated by hostid\n",
503 		    if_name(ifp0)));
504 		goto success;
505 	}
506 #endif
507 
508 	/* last resort: get from random number source */
509 	if (get_rand_ifid(ifp, in6) == 0) {
510 		nd6log((LOG_DEBUG,
511 		    "%s: interface identifier generated by random number\n",
512 		    if_name(ifp0)));
513 		goto success;
514 	}
515 
516 	printf("%s: failed to get interface identifier\n", if_name(ifp0));
517 	return -1;
518 
519 success:
520 	nd6log((LOG_INFO, "%s: ifid: %02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x\n",
521 	    if_name(ifp0), in6->s6_addr[8], in6->s6_addr[9], in6->s6_addr[10],
522 	    in6->s6_addr[11], in6->s6_addr[12], in6->s6_addr[13],
523 	    in6->s6_addr[14], in6->s6_addr[15]));
524 	return 0;
525 }
526 
527 /*
528  * altifp - secondary EUI64 source
529  */
530 
531 static int
532 in6_ifattach_linklocal(struct ifnet *ifp, struct ifnet *altifp)
533 {
534 	struct in6_ifaddr *ia;
535 	struct in6_aliasreq ifra;
536 	struct nd_prefixctl pr0;
537 	int i, error;
538 
539 	/*
540 	 * configure link-local address.
541 	 */
542 	memset(&ifra, 0, sizeof(ifra));
543 
544 	/*
545 	 * in6_update_ifa() does not use ifra_name, but we accurately set it
546 	 * for safety.
547 	 */
548 	strncpy(ifra.ifra_name, if_name(ifp), sizeof(ifra.ifra_name));
549 
550 	ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
551 	ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
552 	ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[0] = htonl(0xfe800000);
553 	ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[1] = 0;
554 	if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) != 0) {
555 		ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[2] = 0;
556 		ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3] = htonl(1);
557 	} else {
558 		if (get_ifid(ifp, altifp, &ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr) != 0) {
559 			nd6log((LOG_ERR,
560 			    "%s: no ifid available\n", if_name(ifp)));
561 			return -1;
562 		}
563 	}
564 	if (in6_setscope(&ifra.ifra_addr.sin6_addr, ifp, NULL))
565 		return -1;
566 
567 	sockaddr_in6_init(&ifra.ifra_prefixmask, &in6mask64, 0, 0, 0);
568 	/* link-local addresses should NEVER expire. */
569 	ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_vltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
570 	ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_pltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
571 
572 	/*
573 	 * Now call in6_update_ifa() to do a bunch of procedures to configure
574 	 * a link-local address. We can set the 3rd argument to NULL, because
575 	 * we know there's no other link-local address on the interface
576 	 * and therefore we are adding one (instead of updating one).
577 	 */
578 	if ((error = in6_update_ifa(ifp, &ifra, NULL,
579 	    IN6_IFAUPDATE_DADDELAY)) != 0) {
580 		/*
581 		 * XXX: When the interface does not support IPv6, this call
582 		 * would fail in the SIOCSIFADDR ioctl.  I believe the
583 		 * notification is rather confusing in this case, so just
584 		 * suppress it.  (jinmei@kame.net 20010130)
585 		 */
586 		if (error != EAFNOSUPPORT)
587 			nd6log((LOG_NOTICE, "in6_ifattach_linklocal: failed to "
588 			    "configure a link-local address on %s "
589 			    "(errno=%d)\n",
590 			    if_name(ifp), error));
591 		return -1;
592 	}
593 
594 	ia = in6ifa_ifpforlinklocal(ifp, 0); /* ia must not be NULL */
595 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
596 	if (!ia) {
597 		panic("ia == NULL in in6_ifattach_linklocal");
598 		/* NOTREACHED */
599 	}
600 #endif
601 
602 	/*
603 	 * Make the link-local prefix (fe80::/64%link) as on-link.
604 	 * Since we'd like to manage prefixes separately from addresses,
605 	 * we make an ND6 prefix structure for the link-local prefix,
606 	 * and add it to the prefix list as a never-expire prefix.
607 	 * XXX: this change might affect some existing code base...
608 	 */
609 	memset(&pr0, 0, sizeof(pr0));
610 	pr0.ndpr_ifp = ifp;
611 	/* this should be 64 at this moment. */
612 	pr0.ndpr_plen = in6_mask2len(&ifra.ifra_prefixmask.sin6_addr, NULL);
613 	pr0.ndpr_prefix = ifra.ifra_addr;
614 	/* apply the mask for safety. (nd6_prelist_add will apply it again) */
615 	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
616 		pr0.ndpr_prefix.sin6_addr.s6_addr32[i] &=
617 		    in6mask64.s6_addr32[i];
618 	}
619 	/*
620 	 * Initialize parameters.  The link-local prefix must always be
621 	 * on-link, and its lifetimes never expire.
622 	 */
623 	pr0.ndpr_raf_onlink = 1;
624 	pr0.ndpr_raf_auto = 1;	/* probably meaningless */
625 	pr0.ndpr_vltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
626 	pr0.ndpr_pltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
627 	/*
628 	 * Since there is no other link-local addresses, nd6_prefix_lookup()
629 	 * probably returns NULL.  However, we cannot always expect the result.
630 	 * For example, if we first remove the (only) existing link-local
631 	 * address, and then reconfigure another one, the prefix is still
632 	 * valid with referring to the old link-local address.
633 	 */
634 	if (nd6_prefix_lookup(&pr0) == NULL) {
635 		if ((error = nd6_prelist_add(&pr0, NULL, NULL)) != 0)
636 			return error;
637 	}
638 
639 	return 0;
640 }
641 
642 /*
643  * ifp - mut be IFT_LOOP
644  */
645 
646 static int
647 in6_ifattach_loopback(struct ifnet *ifp)
648 {
649 	struct in6_aliasreq ifra;
650 	int error;
651 
652 	memset(&ifra, 0, sizeof(ifra));
653 
654 	/*
655 	 * in6_update_ifa() does not use ifra_name, but we accurately set it
656 	 * for safety.
657 	 */
658 	strncpy(ifra.ifra_name, if_name(ifp), sizeof(ifra.ifra_name));
659 
660 	sockaddr_in6_init(&ifra.ifra_prefixmask, &in6mask128, 0, 0, 0);
661 
662 	/*
663 	 * Always initialize ia_dstaddr (= broadcast address) to loopback
664 	 * address.  Follows IPv4 practice - see in_ifinit().
665 	 */
666 	sockaddr_in6_init(&ifra.ifra_dstaddr, &in6addr_loopback, 0, 0, 0);
667 
668 	sockaddr_in6_init(&ifra.ifra_addr, &in6addr_loopback, 0, 0, 0);
669 
670 	/* the loopback  address should NEVER expire. */
671 	ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_vltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
672 	ifra.ifra_lifetime.ia6t_pltime = ND6_INFINITE_LIFETIME;
673 
674 	/* we don't need to perform DAD on loopback interfaces. */
675 	ifra.ifra_flags |= IN6_IFF_NODAD;
676 
677 	/*
678 	 * We are sure that this is a newly assigned address, so we can set
679 	 * NULL to the 3rd arg.
680 	 */
681 	if ((error = in6_update_ifa(ifp, &ifra, NULL, 0)) != 0) {
682 		nd6log((LOG_ERR, "in6_ifattach_loopback: failed to configure "
683 		    "the loopback address on %s (errno=%d)\n",
684 		    if_name(ifp), error));
685 		return -1;
686 	}
687 
688 	return 0;
689 }
690 
691 /*
692  * compute NI group address, based on the current hostname setting.
693  * see draft-ietf-ipngwg-icmp-name-lookup-* (04 and later).
694  *
695  * when ifp == NULL, the caller is responsible for filling scopeid.
696  */
697 int
698 in6_nigroup(struct ifnet *ifp, const char *name, int namelen,
699 	struct sockaddr_in6 *sa6)
700 {
701 	const char *p;
702 	u_int8_t *q;
703 	MD5_CTX ctxt;
704 	u_int8_t digest[16];
705 	u_int8_t l;
706 	u_int8_t n[64];	/* a single label must not exceed 63 chars */
707 
708 	if (!namelen || !name)
709 		return -1;
710 
711 	p = name;
712 	while (p && *p && *p != '.' && p - name < namelen)
713 		p++;
714 	if (p - name > sizeof(n) - 1)
715 		return -1;	/* label too long */
716 	l = p - name;
717 	strncpy((char *)n, name, l);
718 	n[(int)l] = '\0';
719 	for (q = n; *q; q++) {
720 		if ('A' <= *q && *q <= 'Z')
721 			*q = *q - 'A' + 'a';
722 	}
723 
724 	/* generate 8 bytes of pseudo-random value. */
725 	memset(&ctxt, 0, sizeof(ctxt));
726 	MD5Init(&ctxt);
727 	MD5Update(&ctxt, &l, sizeof(l));
728 	MD5Update(&ctxt, n, l);
729 	MD5Final(digest, &ctxt);
730 
731 	memset(sa6, 0, sizeof(*sa6));
732 	sa6->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
733 	sa6->sin6_len = sizeof(*sa6);
734 	sa6->sin6_addr.s6_addr16[0] = htons(0xff02);
735 	sa6->sin6_addr.s6_addr8[11] = 2;
736 	memcpy(&sa6->sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3], digest,
737 	    sizeof(sa6->sin6_addr.s6_addr32[3]));
738 	if (in6_setscope(&sa6->sin6_addr, ifp, NULL))
739 		return -1; /* XXX: should not fail */
740 
741 	return 0;
742 }
743 
744 /*
745  * XXX multiple loopback interface needs more care.  for instance,
746  * nodelocal address needs to be configured onto only one of them.
747  * XXX multiple link-local address case
748  *
749  * altifp - secondary EUI64 source
750  */
751 void
752 in6_ifattach(struct ifnet *ifp, struct ifnet *altifp)
753 {
754 	struct in6_ifaddr *ia;
755 	struct in6_addr in6;
756 
757 	/* some of the interfaces are inherently not IPv6 capable */
758 	switch (ifp->if_type) {
759 	case IFT_BRIDGE:
760 #ifdef IFT_PFLOG
761 	case IFT_PFLOG:
762 #endif
763 #ifdef IFT_PFSYNC
764 	case IFT_PFSYNC:
765 #endif
766 		return;
767 	}
768 
769 	/*
770 	 * if link mtu is too small, don't try to configure IPv6.
771 	 * remember there could be some link-layer that has special
772 	 * fragmentation logic.
773 	 */
774 	if (ifp->if_mtu < IPV6_MMTU) {
775 		nd6log((LOG_INFO, "in6_ifattach: "
776 		    "%s has too small MTU, IPv6 not enabled\n",
777 		    if_name(ifp)));
778 		return;
779 	}
780 
781 	/* create a multicast kludge storage (if we have not had one) */
782 	in6_createmkludge(ifp);
783 
784 	/*
785 	 * quirks based on interface type
786 	 */
787 	switch (ifp->if_type) {
788 #ifdef IFT_STF
789 	case IFT_STF:
790 		/*
791 		 * 6to4 interface is a very special kind of beast.
792 		 * no multicast, no linklocal.  RFC2529 specifies how to make
793 		 * linklocals for 6to4 interface, but there's no use and
794 		 * it is rather harmful to have one.
795 		 */
796 		return;
797 #endif
798 	case IFT_CARP:
799 		return;
800 	default:
801 		break;
802 	}
803 
804 	/*
805 	 * usually, we require multicast capability to the interface
806 	 */
807 	if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_MULTICAST) == 0) {
808 		nd6log((LOG_INFO, "in6_ifattach: "
809 		    "%s is not multicast capable, IPv6 not enabled\n",
810 		    if_name(ifp)));
811 		return;
812 	}
813 
814 	/*
815 	 * assign loopback address for loopback interface.
816 	 * XXX multiple loopback interface case.
817 	 */
818 	if ((ifp->if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) != 0) {
819 		in6 = in6addr_loopback;
820 		if (in6ifa_ifpwithaddr(ifp, &in6) == NULL) {
821 			if (in6_ifattach_loopback(ifp) != 0)
822 				return;
823 		}
824 	}
825 
826 	/*
827 	 * assign a link-local address, if there's none.
828 	 */
829 	if (ip6_auto_linklocal) {
830 		ia = in6ifa_ifpforlinklocal(ifp, 0);
831 		if (ia == NULL && in6_ifattach_linklocal(ifp, altifp) != 0) {
832 			printf("%s: cannot assign link-local address\n",
833 			    ifp->if_xname);
834 		}
835 	}
836 }
837 
838 /*
839  * NOTE: in6_ifdetach() does not support loopback if at this moment.
840  * We don't need this function in bsdi, because interfaces are never removed
841  * from the ifnet list in bsdi.
842  */
843 void
844 in6_ifdetach(struct ifnet *ifp)
845 {
846 	struct in6_ifaddr *ia, *oia;
847 	struct ifaddr *ifa, *next;
848 	struct rtentry *rt;
849 	short rtflags;
850 	struct in6_multi_mship *imm;
851 
852 	/* remove ip6_mrouter stuff */
853 	ip6_mrouter_detach(ifp);
854 
855 	/* remove neighbor management table */
856 	nd6_purge(ifp);
857 
858 	/* XXX this code is duplicated in in6_purgeif() --dyoung */
859 	/* nuke any of IPv6 addresses we have */
860 	if_purgeaddrs(ifp, AF_INET6, in6_purgeaddr);
861 
862 	/* XXX isn't this code is redundant, given the above? --dyoung */
863 	/* XXX doesn't this code replicate code in in6_purgeaddr() ? --dyoung */
864 	/* undo everything done by in6_ifattach(), just in case */
865 	for (ifa = IFADDR_FIRST(ifp); ifa != NULL; ifa = next) {
866 		next = IFADDR_NEXT(ifa);
867 
868 		if (ifa->ifa_addr->sa_family != AF_INET6
869 		 || !IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&satosin6(&ifa->ifa_addr)->sin6_addr)) {
870 			continue;
871 		}
872 
873 		ia = (struct in6_ifaddr *)ifa;
874 
875 		/*
876 		 * leave from multicast groups we have joined for the interface
877 		 */
878 		while ((imm = LIST_FIRST(&ia->ia6_memberships)) != NULL) {
879 			LIST_REMOVE(imm, i6mm_chain);
880 			in6_leavegroup(imm);
881 		}
882 
883 		/* remove from the routing table */
884 		if ((ia->ia_flags & IFA_ROUTE) &&
885 		    (rt = rtalloc1((struct sockaddr *)&ia->ia_addr, 0))) {
886 			rtflags = rt->rt_flags;
887 			rtfree(rt);
888 			rtrequest(RTM_DELETE, (struct sockaddr *)&ia->ia_addr,
889 			    (struct sockaddr *)&ia->ia_addr,
890 			    (struct sockaddr *)&ia->ia_prefixmask,
891 			    rtflags, (struct rtentry **)0);
892 		}
893 
894 		/* remove from the linked list */
895 		ifa_remove(ifp, &ia->ia_ifa);
896 
897 		/* also remove from the IPv6 address chain(itojun&jinmei) */
898 		oia = ia;
899 		if (oia == (ia = in6_ifaddr))
900 			in6_ifaddr = ia->ia_next;
901 		else {
902 			while (ia->ia_next && (ia->ia_next != oia))
903 				ia = ia->ia_next;
904 			if (ia->ia_next)
905 				ia->ia_next = oia->ia_next;
906 			else {
907 				nd6log((LOG_ERR,
908 				    "%s: didn't unlink in6ifaddr from list\n",
909 				    if_name(ifp)));
910 			}
911 		}
912 
913 		IFAFREE(&oia->ia_ifa);
914 	}
915 
916 	/* cleanup multicast address kludge table, if there is any */
917 	in6_purgemkludge(ifp);
918 
919 	/*
920 	 * remove neighbor management table.  we call it twice just to make
921 	 * sure we nuke everything.  maybe we need just one call.
922 	 * XXX: since the first call did not release addresses, some prefixes
923 	 * might remain.  We should call nd6_purge() again to release the
924 	 * prefixes after removing all addresses above.
925 	 * (Or can we just delay calling nd6_purge until at this point?)
926 	 */
927 	nd6_purge(ifp);
928 }
929 
930 int
931 in6_get_tmpifid(struct ifnet *ifp, u_int8_t *retbuf,
932 	const u_int8_t *baseid, int generate)
933 {
934 	u_int8_t nullbuf[8];
935 	struct nd_ifinfo *ndi = ND_IFINFO(ifp);
936 
937 	memset(nullbuf, 0, sizeof(nullbuf));
938 	if (memcmp(ndi->randomid, nullbuf, sizeof(nullbuf)) == 0) {
939 		/* we've never created a random ID.  Create a new one. */
940 		generate = 1;
941 	}
942 
943 	if (generate) {
944 		memcpy(ndi->randomseed1, baseid, sizeof(ndi->randomseed1));
945 
946 		/* generate_tmp_ifid will update seedn and buf */
947 		(void)generate_tmp_ifid(ndi->randomseed0, ndi->randomseed1,
948 		    ndi->randomid);
949 	}
950 	memcpy(retbuf, ndi->randomid, 8);
951 	if (generate && memcmp(retbuf, nullbuf, sizeof(nullbuf)) == 0) {
952 		/* generate_tmp_ifid could not found a good ID. */
953 		return -1;
954 	}
955 
956 	return 0;
957 }
958 
959 void
960 in6_tmpaddrtimer(void *ignored_arg)
961 {
962 	struct nd_ifinfo *ndi;
963 	u_int8_t nullbuf[8];
964 	struct ifnet *ifp;
965 
966 	mutex_enter(softnet_lock);
967 	KERNEL_LOCK(1, NULL);
968 
969 	callout_reset(&in6_tmpaddrtimer_ch,
970 	    (ip6_temp_preferred_lifetime - ip6_desync_factor -
971 	    ip6_temp_regen_advance) * hz, in6_tmpaddrtimer, NULL);
972 
973 	memset(nullbuf, 0, sizeof(nullbuf));
974 	TAILQ_FOREACH(ifp, &ifnet, if_list) {
975 		ndi = ND_IFINFO(ifp);
976 		if (memcmp(ndi->randomid, nullbuf, sizeof(nullbuf)) != 0) {
977 			/*
978 			 * We've been generating a random ID on this interface.
979 			 * Create a new one.
980 			 */
981 			(void)generate_tmp_ifid(ndi->randomseed0,
982 			    ndi->randomseed1, ndi->randomid);
983 		}
984 	}
985 
986 	KERNEL_UNLOCK_ONE(NULL);
987 	mutex_exit(softnet_lock);
988 }
989