xref: /netbsd-src/sys/miscfs/kernfs/kernfs_vnops.c (revision 53b02e147d4ed531c0d2a5ca9b3e8026ba3e99b5)
1 /*	$NetBSD: kernfs_vnops.c,v 1.172 2021/07/19 01:33:53 dholland Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1992, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software donated to Berkeley by
8  * Jan-Simon Pendry.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
19  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
20  *    without specific prior written permission.
21  *
22  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
23  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
25  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
26  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
27  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
28  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
29  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
30  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
31  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
32  * SUCH DAMAGE.
33  *
34  *	@(#)kernfs_vnops.c	8.15 (Berkeley) 5/21/95
35  */
36 
37 /*
38  * Kernel parameter filesystem (/kern)
39  */
40 
41 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
42 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: kernfs_vnops.c,v 1.172 2021/07/19 01:33:53 dholland Exp $");
43 
44 #include <sys/param.h>
45 #include <sys/systm.h>
46 #include <sys/kernel.h>
47 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
48 #include <sys/time.h>
49 #include <sys/proc.h>
50 #include <sys/vnode.h>
51 #include <sys/malloc.h>
52 #include <sys/file.h>
53 #include <sys/stat.h>
54 #include <sys/mount.h>
55 #include <sys/namei.h>
56 #include <sys/buf.h>
57 #include <sys/dirent.h>
58 #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
59 
60 #include <miscfs/genfs/genfs.h>
61 #include <miscfs/kernfs/kernfs.h>
62 #include <miscfs/specfs/specdev.h>
63 
64 #include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
65 
66 #define KSTRING	256		/* Largest I/O available via this filesystem */
67 #define	UIO_MX 32
68 
69 #define	READ_MODE	(S_IRUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IROTH)
70 #define	WRITE_MODE	(S_IWUSR|S_IRUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IROTH)
71 #define	UREAD_MODE	(S_IRUSR)
72 #define	DIR_MODE	(S_IRUSR|S_IXUSR|S_IRGRP|S_IXGRP|S_IROTH|S_IXOTH)
73 #define	UDIR_MODE	(S_IRUSR|S_IXUSR)
74 
75 #define N(s) sizeof(s)-1, s
76 const struct kern_target kern_targets[] = {
77 /* NOTE: The name must be less than UIO_MX-16 chars in length */
78      /*        name            data          tag           type  ro/rw */
79      { DT_DIR, N("."),         0,            KFSkern,        VDIR, DIR_MODE   },
80      { DT_DIR, N(".."),        0,            KFSroot,        VDIR, DIR_MODE   },
81      { DT_REG, N("boottime"),  0,            KFSboottime,    VREG, READ_MODE  },
82 			/* XXXUNCONST */
83      { DT_REG, N("copyright"), __UNCONST(copyright),
84      					     KFSstring,      VREG, READ_MODE  },
85      { DT_REG, N("hostname"),  0,            KFShostname,    VREG, WRITE_MODE },
86      { DT_REG, N("hz"),        &hz,          KFSint,         VREG, READ_MODE  },
87      { DT_REG, N("loadavg"),   0,            KFSavenrun,     VREG, READ_MODE  },
88      { DT_REG, N("msgbuf"),    0,	     KFSmsgbuf,      VREG, READ_MODE  },
89      { DT_REG, N("pagesize"),  &uvmexp.pagesize, KFSint,     VREG, READ_MODE  },
90      { DT_REG, N("physmem"),   &physmem,     KFSint,         VREG, READ_MODE  },
91 #if 0
92      { DT_DIR, N("root"),      0,            KFSnull,        VDIR, DIR_MODE   },
93 #endif
94      { DT_BLK, N("rootdev"),   &rootdev,     KFSdevice,      VBLK, UREAD_MODE  },
95      { DT_CHR, N("rrootdev"),  &rrootdev,    KFSdevice,      VCHR, UREAD_MODE  },
96      { DT_REG, N("time"),      0,            KFStime,        VREG, READ_MODE  },
97 			/* XXXUNCONST */
98      { DT_REG, N("version"),   __UNCONST(version),
99      					     KFSstring,      VREG, READ_MODE  },
100 };
101 const struct kern_target subdir_targets[] = {
102 /* NOTE: The name must be less than UIO_MX-16 chars in length */
103      /*        name            data          tag           type  ro/rw */
104      { DT_DIR, N("."),         0,            KFSsubdir,      VDIR, DIR_MODE   },
105      { DT_DIR, N(".."),        0,            KFSkern,        VDIR, DIR_MODE   },
106 };
107 #undef N
108 SIMPLEQ_HEAD(,dyn_kern_target) dyn_kern_targets =
109 	SIMPLEQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(dyn_kern_targets);
110 int nkern_targets = sizeof(kern_targets) / sizeof(kern_targets[0]);
111 const int static_nkern_targets = sizeof(kern_targets) / sizeof(kern_targets[0]);
112 int nkern_dirs = 2;
113 
114 int kernfs_try_fileop(kfstype, kfsfileop, void *, int);
115 int kernfs_try_xread(kfstype, const struct kernfs_node *, char **,
116     size_t, int);
117 int kernfs_try_xwrite(kfstype, const struct kernfs_node *, char *,
118     size_t, int);
119 
120 static int kernfs_default_xread(void *v);
121 static int kernfs_default_xwrite(void *v);
122 static int kernfs_default_fileop_getattr(void *);
123 
124 /* must include all fileop's */
125 const struct kernfs_fileop kernfs_default_fileops[] = {
126   { .kf_fileop = KERNFS_XREAD },
127   { .kf_fileop = KERNFS_XWRITE },
128   { .kf_fileop = KERNFS_FILEOP_OPEN },
129   { .kf_fileop = KERNFS_FILEOP_GETATTR,
130     .kf_vop = kernfs_default_fileop_getattr },
131   { .kf_fileop = KERNFS_FILEOP_IOCTL },
132   { .kf_fileop = KERNFS_FILEOP_CLOSE },
133   { .kf_fileop = KERNFS_FILEOP_READ,
134     .kf_vop = kernfs_default_xread },
135   { .kf_fileop = KERNFS_FILEOP_WRITE,
136     .kf_vop = kernfs_default_xwrite },
137 };
138 
139 int	kernfs_lookup(void *);
140 int	kernfs_open(void *);
141 int	kernfs_close(void *);
142 int	kernfs_access(void *);
143 int	kernfs_getattr(void *);
144 int	kernfs_setattr(void *);
145 int	kernfs_read(void *);
146 int	kernfs_write(void *);
147 int	kernfs_ioctl(void *);
148 int	kernfs_link(void *);
149 int	kernfs_symlink(void *);
150 int	kernfs_readdir(void *);
151 int	kernfs_inactive(void *);
152 int	kernfs_reclaim(void *);
153 int	kernfs_print(void *);
154 int	kernfs_pathconf(void *);
155 int	kernfs_getpages(void *);
156 
157 static int	kernfs_xread(struct kernfs_node *, int, char **,
158 				size_t, size_t *);
159 static int	kernfs_xwrite(const struct kernfs_node *, char *, size_t);
160 
161 int (**kernfs_vnodeop_p)(void *);
162 const struct vnodeopv_entry_desc kernfs_vnodeop_entries[] = {
163 	{ &vop_default_desc, vn_default_error },
164 	{ &vop_parsepath_desc, genfs_parsepath },	/* parsepath */
165 	{ &vop_lookup_desc, kernfs_lookup },		/* lookup */
166 	{ &vop_create_desc, genfs_eopnotsupp },		/* create */
167 	{ &vop_mknod_desc, genfs_eopnotsupp },		/* mknod */
168 	{ &vop_open_desc, kernfs_open },		/* open */
169 	{ &vop_close_desc, kernfs_close },		/* close */
170 	{ &vop_access_desc, kernfs_access },		/* access */
171 	{ &vop_accessx_desc, genfs_accessx },		/* accessx */
172 	{ &vop_getattr_desc, kernfs_getattr },		/* getattr */
173 	{ &vop_setattr_desc, kernfs_setattr },		/* setattr */
174 	{ &vop_read_desc, kernfs_read },		/* read */
175 	{ &vop_write_desc, kernfs_write },		/* write */
176 	{ &vop_fallocate_desc, genfs_eopnotsupp },	/* fallocate */
177 	{ &vop_fdiscard_desc, genfs_eopnotsupp },	/* fdiscard */
178 	{ &vop_fcntl_desc, genfs_fcntl },		/* fcntl */
179 	{ &vop_ioctl_desc, kernfs_ioctl },		/* ioctl */
180 	{ &vop_poll_desc, genfs_poll },			/* poll */
181 	{ &vop_kqfilter_desc, genfs_kqfilter },		/* kqfilter */
182 	{ &vop_revoke_desc, genfs_revoke },		/* revoke */
183 	{ &vop_fsync_desc, genfs_nullop },		/* fsync */
184 	{ &vop_seek_desc, genfs_nullop },		/* seek */
185 	{ &vop_remove_desc, genfs_eopnotsupp },		/* remove */
186 	{ &vop_link_desc, kernfs_link },		/* link */
187 	{ &vop_rename_desc, genfs_eopnotsupp },		/* rename */
188 	{ &vop_mkdir_desc, genfs_eopnotsupp },		/* mkdir */
189 	{ &vop_rmdir_desc, genfs_eopnotsupp },		/* rmdir */
190 	{ &vop_symlink_desc, kernfs_symlink },		/* symlink */
191 	{ &vop_readdir_desc, kernfs_readdir },		/* readdir */
192 	{ &vop_readlink_desc, genfs_eopnotsupp },	/* readlink */
193 	{ &vop_abortop_desc, genfs_abortop },		/* abortop */
194 	{ &vop_inactive_desc, kernfs_inactive },	/* inactive */
195 	{ &vop_reclaim_desc, kernfs_reclaim },		/* reclaim */
196 	{ &vop_lock_desc, genfs_lock },			/* lock */
197 	{ &vop_unlock_desc, genfs_unlock },		/* unlock */
198 	{ &vop_bmap_desc, genfs_badop },		/* bmap */
199 	{ &vop_strategy_desc, genfs_eopnotsupp },	/* strategy */
200 	{ &vop_print_desc, kernfs_print },		/* print */
201 	{ &vop_islocked_desc, genfs_islocked },		/* islocked */
202 	{ &vop_pathconf_desc, kernfs_pathconf },	/* pathconf */
203 	{ &vop_advlock_desc, genfs_einval },		/* advlock */
204 	{ &vop_bwrite_desc, genfs_eopnotsupp },		/* bwrite */
205 	{ &vop_getpages_desc, kernfs_getpages },	/* getpages */
206 	{ &vop_putpages_desc, genfs_putpages },		/* putpages */
207 	{ NULL, NULL }
208 };
209 const struct vnodeopv_desc kernfs_vnodeop_opv_desc =
210 	{ &kernfs_vnodeop_p, kernfs_vnodeop_entries };
211 
212 int (**kernfs_specop_p)(void *);
213 const struct vnodeopv_entry_desc kernfs_specop_entries[] = {
214 	{ &vop_default_desc, vn_default_error },
215 	GENFS_SPECOP_ENTRIES,
216 	{ &vop_close_desc, spec_close },		/* close */
217 	{ &vop_access_desc, kernfs_access },		/* access */
218 	{ &vop_accessx_desc, genfs_accessx },		/* accessx */
219 	{ &vop_getattr_desc, kernfs_getattr },		/* getattr */
220 	{ &vop_setattr_desc, kernfs_setattr },		/* setattr */
221 	{ &vop_read_desc, spec_read },			/* read */
222 	{ &vop_write_desc, spec_write },		/* write */
223 	{ &vop_fcntl_desc, genfs_fcntl },		/* fcntl */
224 	{ &vop_fsync_desc, spec_fsync },		/* fsync */
225 	{ &vop_inactive_desc, kernfs_inactive },	/* inactive */
226 	{ &vop_reclaim_desc, kernfs_reclaim },		/* reclaim */
227 	{ &vop_lock_desc, genfs_lock },			/* lock */
228 	{ &vop_unlock_desc, genfs_unlock },		/* unlock */
229 	{ &vop_print_desc, kernfs_print },		/* print */
230 	{ &vop_islocked_desc, genfs_islocked },		/* islocked */
231 	{ &vop_bwrite_desc, vn_bwrite },		/* bwrite */
232 	{ NULL, NULL }
233 };
234 const struct vnodeopv_desc kernfs_specop_opv_desc =
235 	{ &kernfs_specop_p, kernfs_specop_entries };
236 
237 static inline int
238 kernfs_fileop_compare(struct kernfs_fileop *a, struct kernfs_fileop *b)
239 {
240 	if (a->kf_type < b->kf_type)
241 		return -1;
242 	if (a->kf_type > b->kf_type)
243 		return 1;
244 	if (a->kf_fileop < b->kf_fileop)
245 		return -1;
246 	if (a->kf_fileop > b->kf_fileop)
247 		return 1;
248 	return (0);
249 }
250 
251 SPLAY_HEAD(kfsfileoptree, kernfs_fileop) kfsfileoptree =
252 	SPLAY_INITIALIZER(kfsfileoptree);
253 SPLAY_PROTOTYPE(kfsfileoptree, kernfs_fileop, kf_node, kernfs_fileop_compare);
254 SPLAY_GENERATE(kfsfileoptree, kernfs_fileop, kf_node, kernfs_fileop_compare);
255 
256 kfstype
257 kernfs_alloctype(int nkf, const struct kernfs_fileop *kf)
258 {
259 	static u_char nextfreetype = KFSlasttype;
260 	struct kernfs_fileop *dkf, *fkf, skf;
261 	int i;
262 
263 	/* XXX need to keep track of dkf's memory if we support
264            deallocating types */
265 	dkf = malloc(sizeof(kernfs_default_fileops), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
266 	memcpy(dkf, kernfs_default_fileops, sizeof(kernfs_default_fileops));
267 
268 	for (i = 0; i < sizeof(kernfs_default_fileops) /
269 		     sizeof(kernfs_default_fileops[0]); i++) {
270 		dkf[i].kf_type = nextfreetype;
271 		SPLAY_INSERT(kfsfileoptree, &kfsfileoptree, &dkf[i]);
272 	}
273 
274 	for (i = 0; i < nkf; i++) {
275 		skf.kf_type = nextfreetype;
276 		skf.kf_fileop = kf[i].kf_fileop;
277 		if ((fkf = SPLAY_FIND(kfsfileoptree, &kfsfileoptree, &skf)))
278 			fkf->kf_vop = kf[i].kf_vop;
279 	}
280 
281 	return nextfreetype++;
282 }
283 
284 int
285 kernfs_try_fileop(kfstype type, kfsfileop fileop, void *v, int error)
286 {
287 	struct kernfs_fileop *kf, skf;
288 
289 	skf.kf_type = type;
290 	skf.kf_fileop = fileop;
291 	if ((kf = SPLAY_FIND(kfsfileoptree, &kfsfileoptree, &skf)))
292 		if (kf->kf_vop)
293 			return kf->kf_vop(v);
294 	return error;
295 }
296 
297 int
298 kernfs_try_xread(kfstype type, const struct kernfs_node *kfs, char **bfp,
299     size_t len, int error)
300 {
301 	struct kernfs_fileop *kf, skf;
302 
303 	skf.kf_type = type;
304 	skf.kf_fileop = KERNFS_XREAD;
305 	if ((kf = SPLAY_FIND(kfsfileoptree, &kfsfileoptree, &skf)))
306 		if (kf->kf_xread)
307 			return kf->kf_xread(kfs, bfp, len);
308 	return error;
309 }
310 
311 int
312 kernfs_try_xwrite(kfstype type, const struct kernfs_node *kfs, char *bf,
313     size_t len, int error)
314 {
315 	struct kernfs_fileop *kf, skf;
316 
317 	skf.kf_type = type;
318 	skf.kf_fileop = KERNFS_XWRITE;
319 	if ((kf = SPLAY_FIND(kfsfileoptree, &kfsfileoptree, &skf)))
320 		if (kf->kf_xwrite)
321 			return kf->kf_xwrite(kfs, bf, len);
322 	return error;
323 }
324 
325 int
326 kernfs_addentry(kernfs_parentdir_t *pkt, kernfs_entry_t *dkt)
327 {
328 	struct kernfs_subdir *ks, *parent;
329 
330 	if (pkt == NULL) {
331 		SIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&dyn_kern_targets, dkt, dkt_queue);
332 		nkern_targets++;
333 		if (dkt->dkt_kt.kt_vtype == VDIR)
334 			nkern_dirs++;
335 	} else {
336 		parent = (struct kernfs_subdir *)pkt->kt_data;
337 		SIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&parent->ks_entries, dkt, dkt_queue);
338 		parent->ks_nentries++;
339 		if (dkt->dkt_kt.kt_vtype == VDIR)
340 			parent->ks_dirs++;
341 	}
342 	if (dkt->dkt_kt.kt_vtype == VDIR && dkt->dkt_kt.kt_data == NULL) {
343 		ks = malloc(sizeof(struct kernfs_subdir),
344 		    M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
345 		SIMPLEQ_INIT(&ks->ks_entries);
346 		ks->ks_nentries = 2; /* . and .. */
347 		ks->ks_dirs = 2;
348 		ks->ks_parent = pkt ? pkt : &kern_targets[0];
349 		dkt->dkt_kt.kt_data = ks;
350 	}
351 	return 0;
352 }
353 
354 static int
355 kernfs_xread(struct kernfs_node *kfs, int off, char **bufp, size_t len, size_t *wrlen)
356 {
357 	const struct kern_target *kt;
358 	int err;
359 
360 	kt = kfs->kfs_kt;
361 
362 	switch (kfs->kfs_type) {
363 	case KFStime: {
364 		struct timeval tv;
365 
366 		microtime(&tv);
367 		snprintf(*bufp, len, "%lld %ld\n", (long long)tv.tv_sec,
368 		    (long)tv.tv_usec);
369 		break;
370 	}
371 
372 	case KFSboottime: {
373 		struct timeval tv;
374 
375 		/*
376 		 * Historically, /kern/boottime only contained seconds.
377 		 */
378 		getmicroboottime(&tv);
379 		snprintf(*bufp, len, "%lld\n", (long long)tv.tv_sec);
380 		break;
381 	}
382 
383 	case KFSint: {
384 		int *ip = kt->kt_data;
385 
386 		snprintf(*bufp, len, "%d\n", *ip);
387 		break;
388 	}
389 
390 	case KFSstring: {
391 		char *cp = kt->kt_data;
392 
393 		*bufp = cp;
394 		break;
395 	}
396 
397 	case KFSmsgbuf: {
398 		long n;
399 
400 		/*
401 		 * deal with cases where the message buffer has
402 		 * become corrupted.
403 		 */
404 		if (!logenabled(msgbufp)) {
405 			msgbufenabled = 0;
406 			return (ENXIO);
407 		}
408 
409 		/*
410 		 * Note that reads of /kern/msgbuf won't necessarily yield
411 		 * consistent results, if the message buffer is modified
412 		 * while the read is in progress.  The worst that can happen
413 		 * is that incorrect data will be read.  There's no way
414 		 * that this can crash the system unless the values in the
415 		 * message buffer header are corrupted, but that'll cause
416 		 * the system to die anyway.
417 		 */
418 		if (off >= msgbufp->msg_bufs) {
419 			*wrlen = 0;
420 			return (0);
421 		}
422 		n = msgbufp->msg_bufx + off;
423 		if (n >= msgbufp->msg_bufs)
424 			n -= msgbufp->msg_bufs;
425 		len = uimin(msgbufp->msg_bufs - n, msgbufp->msg_bufs - off);
426 		*bufp = msgbufp->msg_bufc + n;
427 		*wrlen = len;
428 		return (0);
429 	}
430 
431 	case KFShostname: {
432 		char *cp = hostname;
433 		size_t xlen = hostnamelen;
434 
435 		if (xlen >= (len - 2))
436 			return (EINVAL);
437 
438 		memcpy(*bufp, cp, xlen);
439 		(*bufp)[xlen] = '\n';
440 		(*bufp)[xlen+1] = '\0';
441 		break;
442 	}
443 
444 	case KFSavenrun:
445 		averunnable.fscale = FSCALE;
446 		snprintf(*bufp, len, "%d %d %d %ld\n",
447 		    averunnable.ldavg[0], averunnable.ldavg[1],
448 		    averunnable.ldavg[2], averunnable.fscale);
449 		break;
450 
451 	default:
452 		err = kernfs_try_xread(kfs->kfs_type, kfs, bufp, len,
453 		    EOPNOTSUPP);
454 		if (err)
455 			return err;
456 	}
457 
458 	len = strlen(*bufp);
459 	if (len <= off)
460 		*wrlen = 0;
461 	else {
462 		*bufp += off;
463 		*wrlen = len - off;
464 	}
465 	return (0);
466 }
467 
468 static int
469 kernfs_xwrite(const struct kernfs_node *kfs, char *bf, size_t len)
470 {
471 
472 	switch (kfs->kfs_type) {
473 	case KFShostname:
474 		if (bf[len-1] == '\n')
475 			--len;
476 		memcpy(hostname, bf, len);
477 		hostname[len] = '\0';
478 		hostnamelen = (size_t) len;
479 		return (0);
480 
481 	default:
482 		return kernfs_try_xwrite(kfs->kfs_type, kfs, bf, len, EIO);
483 	}
484 }
485 
486 
487 /*
488  * vp is the current namei directory
489  * ndp is the name to locate in that directory...
490  */
491 int
492 kernfs_lookup(void *v)
493 {
494 	struct vop_lookup_v2_args /* {
495 		struct vnode * a_dvp;
496 		struct vnode ** a_vpp;
497 		struct componentname * a_cnp;
498 	} */ *ap = v;
499 	struct componentname *cnp = ap->a_cnp;
500 	struct vnode **vpp = ap->a_vpp;
501 	struct vnode *dvp = ap->a_dvp;
502 	const char *pname = cnp->cn_nameptr;
503 	const struct kernfs_node *kfs;
504 	const struct kern_target *kt;
505 	const struct dyn_kern_target *dkt;
506 	const struct kernfs_subdir *ks;
507 	int error, i;
508 
509 	*vpp = NULLVP;
510 
511 	if (cnp->cn_nameiop == DELETE || cnp->cn_nameiop == RENAME)
512 		return (EROFS);
513 
514 	if (cnp->cn_namelen == 1 && *pname == '.') {
515 		*vpp = dvp;
516 		vref(dvp);
517 		return (0);
518 	}
519 
520 	kfs = VTOKERN(dvp);
521 	switch (kfs->kfs_type) {
522 	case KFSkern:
523 		/*
524 		 * Shouldn't get here with .. in the root node.
525 		 */
526 		if (cnp->cn_flags & ISDOTDOT)
527 			return (EIO);
528 
529 		for (i = 0; i < static_nkern_targets; i++) {
530 			kt = &kern_targets[i];
531 			if (cnp->cn_namelen == kt->kt_namlen &&
532 			    memcmp(kt->kt_name, pname, cnp->cn_namelen) == 0)
533 				goto found;
534 		}
535 		SIMPLEQ_FOREACH(dkt, &dyn_kern_targets, dkt_queue) {
536 			if (cnp->cn_namelen == dkt->dkt_kt.kt_namlen &&
537 			    memcmp(dkt->dkt_kt.kt_name, pname, cnp->cn_namelen) == 0) {
538 				kt = &dkt->dkt_kt;
539 				goto found;
540 			}
541 		}
542 		break;
543 
544 	found:
545 		error = vcache_get(dvp->v_mount, &kt, sizeof(kt), vpp);
546 		return error;
547 
548 	case KFSsubdir:
549 		ks = (struct kernfs_subdir *)kfs->kfs_kt->kt_data;
550 		if (cnp->cn_flags & ISDOTDOT) {
551 			kt = ks->ks_parent;
552 			goto found;
553 		}
554 
555 		SIMPLEQ_FOREACH(dkt, &ks->ks_entries, dkt_queue) {
556 			if (cnp->cn_namelen == dkt->dkt_kt.kt_namlen &&
557 			    memcmp(dkt->dkt_kt.kt_name, pname, cnp->cn_namelen) == 0) {
558 				kt = &dkt->dkt_kt;
559 				goto found;
560 			}
561 		}
562 		break;
563 
564 	default:
565 		return (ENOTDIR);
566 	}
567 
568 	return (cnp->cn_nameiop == LOOKUP ? ENOENT : EROFS);
569 }
570 
571 int
572 kernfs_open(void *v)
573 {
574 	struct vop_open_args /* {
575 		struct vnode *a_vp;
576 		int a_mode;
577 		kauth_cred_t a_cred;
578 	} */ *ap = v;
579 	struct kernfs_node *kfs = VTOKERN(ap->a_vp);
580 
581 	return kernfs_try_fileop(kfs->kfs_type, KERNFS_FILEOP_OPEN, v, 0);
582 }
583 
584 int
585 kernfs_close(void *v)
586 {
587 	struct vop_close_args /* {
588 		struct vnode *a_vp;
589 		int a_fflag;
590 		kauth_cred_t a_cred;
591 	} */ *ap = v;
592 	struct kernfs_node *kfs = VTOKERN(ap->a_vp);
593 
594 	return kernfs_try_fileop(kfs->kfs_type, KERNFS_FILEOP_CLOSE, v, 0);
595 }
596 
597 int
598 kernfs_access(void *v)
599 {
600 	struct vop_access_args /* {
601 		struct vnode *a_vp;
602 		accmode_t a_accmode;
603 		kauth_cred_t a_cred;
604 	} */ *ap = v;
605 	struct vattr va;
606 	int error;
607 
608 	if ((error = VOP_GETATTR(ap->a_vp, &va, ap->a_cred)) != 0)
609 		return (error);
610 
611 	return kauth_authorize_vnode(ap->a_cred,
612 	    KAUTH_ACCESS_ACTION(ap->a_accmode, ap->a_vp->v_type, va.va_mode),
613 	    ap->a_vp, NULL, genfs_can_access(ap->a_vp, ap->a_cred,
614 	    va.va_uid, va.va_gid, va.va_mode, NULL, ap->a_accmode));
615 }
616 
617 static int
618 kernfs_default_fileop_getattr(void *v)
619 {
620 	struct vop_getattr_args /* {
621 		struct vnode *a_vp;
622 		struct vattr *a_vap;
623 		kauth_cred_t a_cred;
624 	} */ *ap = v;
625 	struct vattr *vap = ap->a_vap;
626 
627 	vap->va_nlink = 1;
628 	vap->va_bytes = vap->va_size = 0;
629 
630 	return 0;
631 }
632 
633 int
634 kernfs_getattr(void *v)
635 {
636 	struct vop_getattr_args /* {
637 		struct vnode *a_vp;
638 		struct vattr *a_vap;
639 		kauth_cred_t a_cred;
640 	} */ *ap = v;
641 	struct kernfs_node *kfs = VTOKERN(ap->a_vp);
642 	struct kernfs_subdir *ks;
643 	struct vattr *vap = ap->a_vap;
644 	int error = 0;
645 	char strbuf[KSTRING], *bf;
646 	size_t nread, total;
647 
648 	vattr_null(vap);
649 	vap->va_type = ap->a_vp->v_type;
650 	vap->va_uid = 0;
651 	vap->va_gid = 0;
652 	vap->va_mode = kfs->kfs_mode;
653 	vap->va_fileid = kfs->kfs_fileno;
654 	vap->va_flags = 0;
655 	vap->va_size = 0;
656 	vap->va_blocksize = DEV_BSIZE;
657 	/* Make all times be current TOD, except for the "boottime" node. */
658 	if (kfs->kfs_kt->kt_namlen == 8 &&
659 	    !memcmp(kfs->kfs_kt->kt_name, "boottime", 8)) {
660 		getnanoboottime(&vap->va_ctime);
661 	} else {
662 		getnanotime(&vap->va_ctime);
663 	}
664 	vap->va_atime = vap->va_mtime = vap->va_ctime;
665 	vap->va_gen = 0;
666 	vap->va_flags = 0;
667 	vap->va_rdev = 0;
668 	vap->va_bytes = 0;
669 
670 	switch (kfs->kfs_type) {
671 	case KFSkern:
672 		vap->va_nlink = nkern_dirs;
673 		vap->va_bytes = vap->va_size = DEV_BSIZE;
674 		break;
675 
676 	case KFSdevice:
677 		vap->va_nlink = 1;
678 		vap->va_rdev = ap->a_vp->v_rdev;
679 		break;
680 
681 	case KFSroot:
682 		vap->va_nlink = 1;
683 		vap->va_bytes = vap->va_size = DEV_BSIZE;
684 		break;
685 
686 	case KFSsubdir:
687 		ks = (struct kernfs_subdir *)kfs->kfs_kt->kt_data;
688 		vap->va_nlink = ks->ks_dirs;
689 		vap->va_bytes = vap->va_size = DEV_BSIZE;
690 		break;
691 
692 	case KFSnull:
693 	case KFStime:
694 	case KFSboottime:
695 	case KFSint:
696 	case KFSstring:
697 	case KFShostname:
698 	case KFSavenrun:
699 	case KFSmsgbuf:
700 		vap->va_nlink = 1;
701 		total = 0;
702 		do {
703 			bf = strbuf;
704 			error = kernfs_xread(kfs, total, &bf,
705 			    sizeof(strbuf), &nread);
706 			total += nread;
707 		} while (error == 0 && nread != 0);
708 		vap->va_bytes = vap->va_size = total;
709 		break;
710 
711 	default:
712 		error = kernfs_try_fileop(kfs->kfs_type,
713 		    KERNFS_FILEOP_GETATTR, v, EINVAL);
714 		break;
715 	}
716 
717 	return (error);
718 }
719 
720 /*ARGSUSED*/
721 int
722 kernfs_setattr(void *v)
723 {
724 
725 	/*
726 	 * Silently ignore attribute changes.
727 	 * This allows for open with truncate to have no
728 	 * effect until some data is written.  I want to
729 	 * do it this way because all writes are atomic.
730 	 */
731 	return (0);
732 }
733 
734 int
735 kernfs_default_xread(void *v)
736 {
737 	struct vop_read_args /* {
738 		struct vnode *a_vp;
739 		struct uio *a_uio;
740 		int  a_ioflag;
741 		kauth_cred_t a_cred;
742 	} */ *ap = v;
743 	struct uio *uio = ap->a_uio;
744 	struct kernfs_node *kfs = VTOKERN(ap->a_vp);
745 	char strbuf[KSTRING], *bf;
746 	int off;
747 	size_t len;
748 	int error;
749 
750 	if (ap->a_vp->v_type == VDIR)
751 		return EISDIR;
752 
753 	off = (int)uio->uio_offset;
754 	/* Don't allow negative offsets */
755 	if (off < 0)
756 		return EINVAL;
757 
758 	bf = strbuf;
759 	if ((error = kernfs_xread(kfs, off, &bf, sizeof(strbuf), &len)) == 0)
760 		error = uiomove(bf, len, uio);
761 	return (error);
762 }
763 
764 int
765 kernfs_read(void *v)
766 {
767 	struct vop_read_args /* {
768 		struct vnode *a_vp;
769 		struct uio *a_uio;
770 		int  a_ioflag;
771 		struct ucred *a_cred;
772 	} */ *ap = v;
773 	struct kernfs_node *kfs = VTOKERN(ap->a_vp);
774 
775 	if (kfs->kfs_type < KFSlasttype) {
776 		/* use default function */
777 		return kernfs_default_xread(v);
778 	}
779 	return kernfs_try_fileop(kfs->kfs_type, KERNFS_FILEOP_READ, v,
780 	   EOPNOTSUPP);
781 }
782 
783 static int
784 kernfs_default_xwrite(void *v)
785 {
786 	struct vop_write_args /* {
787 		struct vnode *a_vp;
788 		struct uio *a_uio;
789 		int  a_ioflag;
790 		kauth_cred_t a_cred;
791 	} */ *ap = v;
792 	struct kernfs_node *kfs = VTOKERN(ap->a_vp);
793 	struct uio *uio = ap->a_uio;
794 	int error;
795 	size_t xlen;
796 	char strbuf[KSTRING];
797 
798 	if (uio->uio_offset != 0)
799 		return (EINVAL);
800 
801 	xlen = uimin(uio->uio_resid, KSTRING-1);
802 	if ((error = uiomove(strbuf, xlen, uio)) != 0)
803 		return (error);
804 
805 	if (uio->uio_resid != 0)
806 		return (EIO);
807 
808 	strbuf[xlen] = '\0';
809 	xlen = strlen(strbuf);
810 	return (kernfs_xwrite(kfs, strbuf, xlen));
811 }
812 
813 int
814 kernfs_write(void *v)
815 {
816 	struct vop_write_args /* {
817 		struct vnode *a_vp;
818 		struct uio *a_uio;
819 		int  a_ioflag;
820 		kauth_cred_t a_cred;
821 	} */ *ap = v;
822 	struct kernfs_node *kfs = VTOKERN(ap->a_vp);
823 
824 	if (kfs->kfs_type < KFSlasttype) {
825 		/* use default function */
826 		return kernfs_default_xwrite(v);
827 	}
828 	return kernfs_try_fileop(kfs->kfs_type, KERNFS_FILEOP_WRITE, v,
829 	    EOPNOTSUPP);
830 }
831 
832 int
833 kernfs_ioctl(void *v)
834 {
835 	struct vop_ioctl_args /* {
836 		const struct vnodeop_desc *a_desc;
837 		struct vnode *a_vp;
838 		u_long a_command;
839 		void *a_data;
840 		int a_fflag;
841 		kauth_cred_t a_cred;
842 	} */ *ap = v;
843 	struct kernfs_node *kfs = VTOKERN(ap->a_vp);
844 
845 	return kernfs_try_fileop(kfs->kfs_type, KERNFS_FILEOP_IOCTL, v,
846 	    EPASSTHROUGH);
847 }
848 
849 static int
850 kernfs_setdirentfileno_kt(struct dirent *d, const struct kern_target *kt,
851     struct vop_readdir_args *ap)
852 {
853 	struct kernfs_node *kfs;
854 	struct vnode *vp;
855 	int error;
856 
857 	if ((error = vcache_get(ap->a_vp->v_mount, &kt, sizeof(kt), &vp)) != 0)
858 		return error;
859 	kfs = VTOKERN(vp);
860 	d->d_fileno = kfs->kfs_fileno;
861 	vrele(vp);
862 	return 0;
863 }
864 
865 static int
866 kernfs_setdirentfileno(struct dirent *d, off_t entry,
867     struct kernfs_node *thisdir_kfs, const struct kern_target *parent_kt,
868     const struct kern_target *kt, struct vop_readdir_args *ap)
869 {
870 	const struct kern_target *ikt;
871 	int error;
872 
873 	switch (entry) {
874 	case 0:
875 		d->d_fileno = thisdir_kfs->kfs_fileno;
876 		return 0;
877 	case 1:
878 		ikt = parent_kt;
879 		break;
880 	default:
881 		ikt = kt;
882 		break;
883 	}
884 	if (ikt != thisdir_kfs->kfs_kt) {
885 		if ((error = kernfs_setdirentfileno_kt(d, ikt, ap)) != 0)
886 			return error;
887 	} else
888 		d->d_fileno = thisdir_kfs->kfs_fileno;
889 	return 0;
890 }
891 
892 int
893 kernfs_readdir(void *v)
894 {
895 	struct vop_readdir_args /* {
896 		struct vnode *a_vp;
897 		struct uio *a_uio;
898 		kauth_cred_t a_cred;
899 		int *a_eofflag;
900 		off_t **a_cookies;
901 		int a_*ncookies;
902 	} */ *ap = v;
903 	struct uio *uio = ap->a_uio;
904 	struct dirent d;
905 	struct kernfs_node *kfs = VTOKERN(ap->a_vp);
906 	const struct kern_target *kt;
907 	const struct dyn_kern_target *dkt = NULL;
908 	const struct kernfs_subdir *ks;
909 	off_t i, j;
910 	int error;
911 	off_t *cookies = NULL;
912 	int ncookies = 0, n;
913 
914 	if (uio->uio_resid < UIO_MX)
915 		return (EINVAL);
916 	if (uio->uio_offset < 0)
917 		return (EINVAL);
918 
919 	error = 0;
920 	i = uio->uio_offset;
921 	memset(&d, 0, sizeof(d));
922 	d.d_reclen = UIO_MX;
923 	ncookies = uio->uio_resid / UIO_MX;
924 
925 	switch (kfs->kfs_type) {
926 	case KFSkern:
927 		if (i >= nkern_targets)
928 			return (0);
929 
930 		if (ap->a_ncookies) {
931 			ncookies = uimin(ncookies, (nkern_targets - i));
932 			cookies = malloc(ncookies * sizeof(off_t), M_TEMP,
933 			    M_WAITOK);
934 			*ap->a_cookies = cookies;
935 		}
936 
937 		n = 0;
938 		for (; i < nkern_targets && uio->uio_resid >= UIO_MX; i++) {
939 			if (i < static_nkern_targets)
940 				kt = &kern_targets[i];
941 			else {
942 				if (dkt == NULL) {
943 					dkt = SIMPLEQ_FIRST(&dyn_kern_targets);
944 					for (j = static_nkern_targets; j < i &&
945 						     dkt != NULL; j++)
946 						dkt = SIMPLEQ_NEXT(dkt, dkt_queue);
947 					if (j != i)
948 						break;
949 				} else {
950 					dkt = SIMPLEQ_NEXT(dkt, dkt_queue);
951 				}
952 				if (dkt == NULL)
953 					break;
954 				kt = &dkt->dkt_kt;
955 			}
956 			if (kt->kt_tag == KFSmsgbuf) {
957 				if (!logenabled(msgbufp)) {
958 					continue;
959 				}
960 			}
961 			d.d_namlen = kt->kt_namlen;
962 			if ((error = kernfs_setdirentfileno(&d, i, kfs,
963 			    &kern_targets[0], kt, ap)) != 0)
964 				break;
965 			memcpy(d.d_name, kt->kt_name, kt->kt_namlen + 1);
966 			d.d_type = kt->kt_type;
967 			if ((error = uiomove(&d, UIO_MX, uio)) != 0)
968 				break;
969 			if (cookies)
970 				*cookies++ = i + 1;
971 			n++;
972 		}
973 		ncookies = n;
974 		break;
975 
976 	case KFSroot:
977 		if (i >= 2)
978 			return 0;
979 
980 		if (ap->a_ncookies) {
981 			ncookies = uimin(ncookies, (2 - i));
982 			cookies = malloc(ncookies * sizeof(off_t), M_TEMP,
983 			    M_WAITOK);
984 			*ap->a_cookies = cookies;
985 		}
986 
987 		n = 0;
988 		for (; i < 2 && uio->uio_resid >= UIO_MX; i++) {
989 			kt = &kern_targets[i];
990 			d.d_namlen = kt->kt_namlen;
991 			d.d_fileno = KERNFS_FILENO(kt, kt->kt_tag, 0);
992 			memcpy(d.d_name, kt->kt_name, kt->kt_namlen + 1);
993 			d.d_type = kt->kt_type;
994 			if ((error = uiomove(&d, UIO_MX, uio)) != 0)
995 				break;
996 			if (cookies)
997 				*cookies++ = i + 1;
998 			n++;
999 		}
1000 		ncookies = n;
1001 		break;
1002 
1003 	case KFSsubdir:
1004 		ks = (struct kernfs_subdir *)kfs->kfs_kt->kt_data;
1005 		if (i >= ks->ks_nentries)
1006 			return (0);
1007 
1008 		if (ap->a_ncookies) {
1009 			ncookies = uimin(ncookies, (ks->ks_nentries - i));
1010 			cookies = malloc(ncookies * sizeof(off_t), M_TEMP,
1011 			    M_WAITOK);
1012 			*ap->a_cookies = cookies;
1013 		}
1014 
1015 		dkt = SIMPLEQ_FIRST(&ks->ks_entries);
1016 		for (j = 0; j < i && dkt != NULL; j++)
1017 			dkt = SIMPLEQ_NEXT(dkt, dkt_queue);
1018 		n = 0;
1019 		for (; i < ks->ks_nentries && uio->uio_resid >= UIO_MX; i++) {
1020 			if (i < 2)
1021 				kt = &subdir_targets[i];
1022 			else {
1023 				/* check if ks_nentries lied to us */
1024 				if (dkt == NULL)
1025 					break;
1026 				kt = &dkt->dkt_kt;
1027 				dkt = SIMPLEQ_NEXT(dkt, dkt_queue);
1028 			}
1029 			d.d_namlen = kt->kt_namlen;
1030 			if ((error = kernfs_setdirentfileno(&d, i, kfs,
1031 			    ks->ks_parent, kt, ap)) != 0)
1032 				break;
1033 			memcpy(d.d_name, kt->kt_name, kt->kt_namlen + 1);
1034 			d.d_type = kt->kt_type;
1035 			if ((error = uiomove(&d, UIO_MX, uio)) != 0)
1036 				break;
1037 			if (cookies)
1038 				*cookies++ = i + 1;
1039 			n++;
1040 		}
1041 		ncookies = n;
1042 		break;
1043 
1044 	default:
1045 		error = ENOTDIR;
1046 		break;
1047 	}
1048 
1049 	if (ap->a_ncookies) {
1050 		if (error) {
1051 			if (cookies)
1052 				free(*ap->a_cookies, M_TEMP);
1053 			*ap->a_ncookies = 0;
1054 			*ap->a_cookies = NULL;
1055 		} else
1056 			*ap->a_ncookies = ncookies;
1057 	}
1058 
1059 	uio->uio_offset = i;
1060 	return (error);
1061 }
1062 
1063 int
1064 kernfs_inactive(void *v)
1065 {
1066 	struct vop_inactive_v2_args /* {
1067 		struct vnode *a_vp;
1068 		bool *a_recycle;
1069 	} */ *ap = v;
1070 
1071 	*ap->a_recycle = false;
1072 
1073 	return (0);
1074 }
1075 
1076 int
1077 kernfs_reclaim(void *v)
1078 {
1079 	struct vop_reclaim_v2_args /* {
1080 		struct vnode *a_vp;
1081 	} */ *ap = v;
1082 	struct vnode *vp = ap->a_vp;
1083 	struct kernfs_node *kfs = VTOKERN(vp);
1084 
1085 	VOP_UNLOCK(vp);
1086 
1087 	vp->v_data = NULL;
1088 	mutex_enter(&kfs_lock);
1089 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&VFSTOKERNFS(vp->v_mount)->nodelist, kfs, kfs_list);
1090 	mutex_exit(&kfs_lock);
1091 	kmem_free(kfs, sizeof(struct kernfs_node));
1092 
1093 	return 0;
1094 }
1095 
1096 /*
1097  * Return POSIX pathconf information applicable to special devices.
1098  */
1099 int
1100 kernfs_pathconf(void *v)
1101 {
1102 	struct vop_pathconf_args /* {
1103 		struct vnode *a_vp;
1104 		int a_name;
1105 		register_t *a_retval;
1106 	} */ *ap = v;
1107 
1108 	switch (ap->a_name) {
1109 	case _PC_LINK_MAX:
1110 		*ap->a_retval = LINK_MAX;
1111 		return (0);
1112 	case _PC_MAX_CANON:
1113 		*ap->a_retval = MAX_CANON;
1114 		return (0);
1115 	case _PC_MAX_INPUT:
1116 		*ap->a_retval = MAX_INPUT;
1117 		return (0);
1118 	case _PC_PIPE_BUF:
1119 		*ap->a_retval = PIPE_BUF;
1120 		return (0);
1121 	case _PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED:
1122 		*ap->a_retval = 1;
1123 		return (0);
1124 	case _PC_VDISABLE:
1125 		*ap->a_retval = _POSIX_VDISABLE;
1126 		return (0);
1127 	case _PC_SYNC_IO:
1128 		*ap->a_retval = 1;
1129 		return (0);
1130 	default:
1131 		return genfs_pathconf(ap);
1132 	}
1133 	/* NOTREACHED */
1134 }
1135 
1136 /*
1137  * Print out the contents of a /dev/fd vnode.
1138  */
1139 /* ARGSUSED */
1140 int
1141 kernfs_print(void *v)
1142 {
1143 
1144 	printf("tag VT_KERNFS, kernfs vnode\n");
1145 	return (0);
1146 }
1147 
1148 int
1149 kernfs_link(void *v)
1150 {
1151 	struct vop_link_v2_args /* {
1152 		struct vnode *a_dvp;
1153 		struct vnode *a_vp;
1154 		struct componentname *a_cnp;
1155 	} */ *ap = v;
1156 
1157 	VOP_ABORTOP(ap->a_dvp, ap->a_cnp);
1158 	return (EROFS);
1159 }
1160 
1161 int
1162 kernfs_symlink(void *v)
1163 {
1164 	struct vop_symlink_v3_args /* {
1165 		struct vnode *a_dvp;
1166 		struct vnode **a_vpp;
1167 		struct componentname *a_cnp;
1168 		struct vattr *a_vap;
1169 		char *a_target;
1170 	} */ *ap = v;
1171 
1172 	VOP_ABORTOP(ap->a_dvp, ap->a_cnp);
1173 	return (EROFS);
1174 }
1175 
1176 int
1177 kernfs_getpages(void *v)
1178 {
1179 	struct vop_getpages_args /* {
1180 		struct vnode *a_vp;
1181 		voff_t a_offset;
1182 		struct vm_page **a_m;
1183 		int *a_count;
1184 		int a_centeridx;
1185 		vm_prot_t a_access_type;
1186 		int a_advice;
1187 		int a_flags;
1188 	} */ *ap = v;
1189 
1190 	if ((ap->a_flags & PGO_LOCKED) == 0)
1191 		rw_exit(ap->a_vp->v_uobj.vmobjlock);
1192 
1193 	return (EFAULT);
1194 }
1195