xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/vfs_init.c (revision 4c3eb207d36f67d31994830c0a694161fc1ca39b)
1 /*	$NetBSD: vfs_init.c,v 1.59 2022/11/18 00:10:03 riastradh Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1998, 2000, 2008 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Jason R. Thorpe of the Numerical Aerospace Simulation Facility,
9  * NASA Ames Research Center.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
21  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
22  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
23  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
24  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
25  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
26  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
27  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
28  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
29  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
30  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 /*
34  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
35  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
36  *
37  * This code is derived from software contributed
38  * to Berkeley by John Heidemann of the UCLA Ficus project.
39  *
40  * Source: * @(#)i405_init.c 2.10 92/04/27 UCLA Ficus project
41  *
42  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
43  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
44  * are met:
45  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
46  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
47  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
48  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
49  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
50  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
51  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
52  *    without specific prior written permission.
53  *
54  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
55  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
56  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
57  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
58  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
59  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
60  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
61  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
62  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
63  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
64  * SUCH DAMAGE.
65  *
66  *	@(#)vfs_init.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 5/11/95
67  */
68 
69 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
70 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: vfs_init.c,v 1.59 2022/11/18 00:10:03 riastradh Exp $");
71 
72 #include <sys/param.h>
73 #include <sys/mount.h>
74 #include <sys/time.h>
75 #include <sys/vnode.h>
76 #include <sys/stat.h>
77 #include <sys/namei.h>
78 #include <sys/ucred.h>
79 #include <sys/buf.h>
80 #include <sys/errno.h>
81 #include <sys/kmem.h>
82 #include <sys/systm.h>
83 #include <sys/module.h>
84 #include <sys/dirhash.h>
85 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
86 #include <sys/kauth.h>
87 
88 #include <miscfs/deadfs/deadfs.h>
89 #include <miscfs/fifofs/fifo.h>
90 #include <miscfs/specfs/specdev.h>
91 
92 /*
93  * Sigh, such primitive tools are these...
94  */
95 #if 0
96 #define DODEBUG(A) A
97 #else
98 #define DODEBUG(A)
99 #endif
100 
101 pool_cache_t pnbuf_cache;
102 
103 /*
104  * These vnodeopv_descs are listed here because they are not
105  * associated with any particular file system, and thus cannot
106  * be initialized by vfs_attach().
107  */
108 const struct vnodeopv_desc * const vfs_special_vnodeopv_descs[] = {
109 	&dead_vnodeop_opv_desc,
110 	&fifo_vnodeop_opv_desc,
111 	&spec_vnodeop_opv_desc,
112 	NULL,
113 };
114 
115 struct vfs_list_head vfs_list =			/* vfs list */
116     LIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(vfs_list);
117 
118 static kauth_listener_t mount_listener;
119 
120 /*
121  * This code doesn't work if the defn is **vnodop_defns with cc.
122  * The problem is because of the compiler sometimes putting in an
123  * extra level of indirection for arrays.  It's an interesting
124  * "feature" of C.
125  */
126 typedef int (*PFI)(void *);
127 
128 /*
129  * A miscellaneous routine.
130  * A generic "default" routine that just returns an error.
131  */
132 /*ARGSUSED*/
133 int
134 vn_default_error(void *v)
135 {
136 
137 	return (EOPNOTSUPP);
138 }
139 
140 static struct sysctllog *vfs_sysctllog;
141 
142 /*
143  * Top level filesystem related information gathering.
144  */
145 static void
146 sysctl_vfs_setup(void)
147 {
148 
149 	sysctl_createv(&vfs_sysctllog, 0, NULL, NULL,
150 		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
151 		       CTLTYPE_NODE, "generic",
152 		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Non-specific vfs related information"),
153 		       NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
154 		       CTL_VFS, VFS_GENERIC, CTL_EOL);
155 	sysctl_createv(&vfs_sysctllog, 0, NULL, NULL,
156 		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
157 		       CTLTYPE_STRING, "fstypes",
158 		       SYSCTL_DESCR("List of file systems present"),
159 		       sysctl_vfs_generic_fstypes, 0, NULL, 0,
160 		       CTL_VFS, VFS_GENERIC, CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);
161 	sysctl_createv(&vfs_sysctllog, 0, NULL, NULL,
162 		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
163 		       CTLTYPE_INT, "magiclinks",
164 		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Whether \"magic\" symlinks are expanded"),
165 		       NULL, 0, &vfs_magiclinks, 0,
166 		       CTL_VFS, VFS_GENERIC, VFS_MAGICLINKS, CTL_EOL);
167 	sysctl_createv(&vfs_sysctllog, 0, NULL, NULL,
168 			CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
169 			CTLTYPE_INT, "timestamp_precision",
170 			SYSCTL_DESCR("File timestamp precision"),
171 			NULL, 0, &vfs_timestamp_precision, 0,
172 			CTL_VFS, VFS_GENERIC, VFS_TIMESTAMP_PRECISION,
173 			CTL_EOL);
174 }
175 
176 
177 /*
178  * vfs_init.c
179  *
180  * Allocate and fill in operations vectors.
181  *
182  * An undocumented feature of this approach to defining operations is that
183  * there can be multiple entries in vfs_opv_descs for the same operations
184  * vector. This allows third parties to extend the set of operations
185  * supported by another layer in a binary compatibile way. For example,
186  * assume that NFS needed to be modified to support Ficus. NFS has an entry
187  * (probably nfs_vnopdeop_decls) declaring all the operations NFS supports by
188  * default. Ficus could add another entry (ficus_nfs_vnodeop_decl_entensions)
189  * listing those new operations Ficus adds to NFS, all without modifying the
190  * NFS code. (Of couse, the OTW NFS protocol still needs to be munged, but
191  * that is a(whole)nother story.) This is a feature.
192  */
193 
194 /*
195  * Init the vector, if it needs it.
196  * Also handle backwards compatibility.
197  */
198 static void
199 vfs_opv_init_explicit(const struct vnodeopv_desc *vfs_opv_desc)
200 {
201 	int (**opv_desc_vector)(void *);
202 	const struct vnodeopv_entry_desc *opve_descp;
203 
204 	opv_desc_vector = *(vfs_opv_desc->opv_desc_vector_p);
205 
206 	for (opve_descp = vfs_opv_desc->opv_desc_ops;
207 	     opve_descp->opve_op;
208 	     opve_descp++) {
209 		/*
210 		 * Sanity check:  is this operation listed
211 		 * in the list of operations?  We check this
212 		 * by seeing if its offset is zero.  Since
213 		 * the default routine should always be listed
214 		 * first, it should be the only one with a zero
215 		 * offset.  Any other operation with a zero
216 		 * offset is probably not listed in
217 		 * vfs_op_descs, and so is probably an error.
218 		 *
219 		 * A panic here means the layer programmer
220 		 * has committed the all-too common bug
221 		 * of adding a new operation to the layer's
222 		 * list of vnode operations but
223 		 * not adding the operation to the system-wide
224 		 * list of supported operations.
225 		 */
226 		if (opve_descp->opve_op->vdesc_offset == 0 &&
227 		    opve_descp->opve_op->vdesc_offset != VOFFSET(vop_default)) {
228 			printf("operation %s not listed in %s.\n",
229 			    opve_descp->opve_op->vdesc_name, "vfs_op_descs");
230 			panic ("vfs_opv_init: bad operation");
231 		}
232 
233 		/*
234 		 * Fill in this entry.
235 		 */
236 		opv_desc_vector[opve_descp->opve_op->vdesc_offset] =
237 		    opve_descp->opve_impl;
238 	}
239 }
240 
241 static void
242 vfs_opv_init_default(const struct vnodeopv_desc *vfs_opv_desc)
243 {
244 	int j;
245 	int (**opv_desc_vector)(void *);
246 
247 	opv_desc_vector = *(vfs_opv_desc->opv_desc_vector_p);
248 
249 	/*
250 	 * Force every operations vector to have a default routine.
251 	 */
252 	if (opv_desc_vector[VOFFSET(vop_default)] == NULL)
253 		panic("vfs_opv_init: operation vector without default routine.");
254 
255 	for (j = 0; j < VNODE_OPS_COUNT; j++)
256 		if (opv_desc_vector[j] == NULL)
257 			opv_desc_vector[j] =
258 			    opv_desc_vector[VOFFSET(vop_default)];
259 }
260 
261 void
262 vfs_opv_init(const struct vnodeopv_desc * const *vopvdpp)
263 {
264 	int (**opv_desc_vector)(void *);
265 	int i;
266 
267 	/*
268 	 * Allocate the vectors.
269 	 */
270 	for (i = 0; vopvdpp[i] != NULL; i++) {
271 		opv_desc_vector =
272 		    kmem_alloc(VNODE_OPS_COUNT * sizeof(PFI), KM_SLEEP);
273 		memset(opv_desc_vector, 0, VNODE_OPS_COUNT * sizeof(PFI));
274 		*(vopvdpp[i]->opv_desc_vector_p) = opv_desc_vector;
275 		DODEBUG(printf("vector at %p allocated\n",
276 		    opv_desc_vector_p));
277 	}
278 
279 	/*
280 	 * ...and fill them in.
281 	 */
282 	for (i = 0; vopvdpp[i] != NULL; i++)
283 		vfs_opv_init_explicit(vopvdpp[i]);
284 
285 	/*
286 	 * Finally, go back and replace unfilled routines
287 	 * with their default.
288 	 */
289 	for (i = 0; vopvdpp[i] != NULL; i++)
290 		vfs_opv_init_default(vopvdpp[i]);
291 }
292 
293 void
294 vfs_opv_free(const struct vnodeopv_desc * const *vopvdpp)
295 {
296 	int i;
297 
298 	/*
299 	 * Free the vectors allocated in vfs_opv_init().
300 	 */
301 	for (i = 0; vopvdpp[i] != NULL; i++) {
302 		kmem_free(*(vopvdpp[i]->opv_desc_vector_p),
303 		    VNODE_OPS_COUNT * sizeof(PFI));
304 		*(vopvdpp[i]->opv_desc_vector_p) = NULL;
305 	}
306 }
307 
308 #ifdef DEBUG
309 static void
310 vfs_op_check(void)
311 {
312 	int i;
313 
314 	DODEBUG(printf("Vnode_interface_init.\n"));
315 
316 	/*
317 	 * Check offset of each op.
318 	 */
319 	for (i = 0; vfs_op_descs[i]; i++) {
320 		if (vfs_op_descs[i]->vdesc_offset != i)
321 			panic("vfs_op_check: vfs_op_desc[] offset mismatch");
322 	}
323 
324 	if (i != VNODE_OPS_COUNT) {
325 		panic("vfs_op_check: vnode ops count mismatch (%d != %d)",
326 			i, VNODE_OPS_COUNT);
327 	}
328 
329 	DODEBUG(printf ("vfs_opv_numops=%d\n", VNODE_OPS_COUNT));
330 }
331 #endif /* DEBUG */
332 
333 /*
334  * Common routine to check if an unprivileged mount is allowed.
335  *
336  * We export just this part (i.e., without the access control) so that if a
337  * secmodel wants to implement finer grained user mounts it can do so without
338  * copying too much code. More elaborate policies (i.e., specific users allowed
339  * to also create devices and/or introduce set-id binaries, or export
340  * file-systems) will require a different implementation.
341  *
342  * This routine is intended to be called from listener context, and as such
343  * does not take credentials as an argument.
344  */
345 int
346 usermount_common_policy(struct mount *mp, u_long flags)
347 {
348 
349 	/* No exporting if unprivileged. */
350 	if (flags & MNT_EXPORTED)
351 		return EPERM;
352 
353 	/* Must have 'nosuid' and 'nodev'. */
354 	if ((flags & MNT_NODEV) == 0 || (flags & MNT_NOSUID) == 0)
355 		return EPERM;
356 
357 	/* Retain 'noexec'. */
358 	if ((mp->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC) && (flags & MNT_NOEXEC) == 0)
359 		return EPERM;
360 
361 	return 0;
362 }
363 
364 static int
365 mount_listener_cb(kauth_cred_t cred, kauth_action_t action, void *cookie,
366     void *arg0, void *arg1, void *arg2, void *arg3)
367 {
368 	int result;
369 	enum kauth_system_req req;
370 
371 	result = KAUTH_RESULT_DEFER;
372 	req = (enum kauth_system_req)(uintptr_t)(uintptr_t)arg0;
373 
374 	if (action != KAUTH_SYSTEM_MOUNT)
375 		return result;
376 
377 	if (req == KAUTH_REQ_SYSTEM_MOUNT_GET)
378 		result = KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW;
379 	else if (req == KAUTH_REQ_SYSTEM_MOUNT_DEVICE) {
380 		vnode_t *devvp = arg2;
381 		accmode_t accmode = (accmode_t)(unsigned long)arg3;
382 		int error;
383 
384 		error = VOP_ACCESS(devvp, accmode, cred);
385 		if (!error)
386 			result = KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW;
387 	}
388 
389 	return result;
390 }
391 
392 /*
393  * Initialize the vnode structures and initialize each file system type.
394  */
395 void
396 vfsinit(void)
397 {
398 
399 	/*
400 	 * Attach sysctl nodes
401 	 */
402 	sysctl_vfs_setup();
403 
404 	/*
405 	 * Initialize the namei pathname buffer pool and cache.
406 	 */
407 	pnbuf_cache = pool_cache_init(MAXPATHLEN, 0, 0, 0, "pnbufpl",
408 	    NULL, IPL_NONE, NULL, NULL, NULL);
409 	KASSERT(pnbuf_cache != NULL);
410 
411 	/*
412 	 * Initialize the vnode table
413 	 */
414 	vntblinit();
415 
416 	/*
417 	 * Initialize the vnode name cache
418 	 */
419 	nchinit();
420 
421 #ifdef DEBUG
422 	/*
423 	 * Check the list of vnode operations.
424 	 */
425 	vfs_op_check();
426 #endif
427 
428 	/*
429 	 * Initialize the special vnode operations.
430 	 */
431 	vfs_opv_init(vfs_special_vnodeopv_descs);
432 
433 	/*
434 	 * Initialise generic dirhash.
435 	 */
436 	dirhash_init();
437 
438 	/*
439 	 * Initialise VFS hooks.
440 	 */
441 	vfs_hooks_init();
442 
443 	mount_listener = kauth_listen_scope(KAUTH_SCOPE_SYSTEM,
444 	    mount_listener_cb, NULL);
445 
446 	/*
447 	 * Establish each file system which was statically
448 	 * included in the kernel.
449 	 */
450 	module_init_class(MODULE_CLASS_VFS);
451 
452 	/*
453 	 * Initialize EVFILT_FS for kqueue.
454 	 */
455 	vfs_evfilt_fs_init();
456 }
457 
458 /*
459  * Drop a reference to a file system type.
460  */
461 void
462 vfs_delref(struct vfsops *vfs)
463 {
464 
465 	mutex_enter(&vfs_list_lock);
466 	vfs->vfs_refcount--;
467 	mutex_exit(&vfs_list_lock);
468 }
469 
470 /*
471  * Establish a file system and initialize it.
472  */
473 int
474 vfs_attach(struct vfsops *vfs)
475 {
476 	struct vfsops *v;
477 	int error = 0;
478 
479 	mutex_enter(&vfs_list_lock);
480 
481 	/*
482 	 * Make sure this file system doesn't already exist.
483 	 */
484 	LIST_FOREACH(v, &vfs_list, vfs_list) {
485 		if (strcmp(vfs->vfs_name, v->vfs_name) == 0) {
486 			error = EEXIST;
487 			goto out;
488 		}
489 	}
490 
491 	/*
492 	 * Initialize the vnode operations for this file system.
493 	 */
494 	vfs_opv_init(vfs->vfs_opv_descs);
495 
496 	/*
497 	 * Now initialize the file system itself.
498 	 */
499 	(*vfs->vfs_init)();
500 
501 	/*
502 	 * ...and link it into the kernel's list.
503 	 */
504 	LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&vfs_list, vfs, vfs_list);
505 
506 	/*
507 	 * Sanity: make sure the reference count is 0.
508 	 */
509 	vfs->vfs_refcount = 0;
510  out:
511 	mutex_exit(&vfs_list_lock);
512 	return (error);
513 }
514 
515 /*
516  * Remove a file system from the kernel.
517  */
518 int
519 vfs_detach(struct vfsops *vfs)
520 {
521 	struct vfsops *v;
522 	int error = 0;
523 
524 	mutex_enter(&vfs_list_lock);
525 
526 	/*
527 	 * Make sure no one is using the filesystem.
528 	 */
529 	if (vfs->vfs_refcount != 0) {
530 		error = EBUSY;
531 		goto out;
532 	}
533 
534 	/*
535 	 * ...and remove it from the kernel's list.
536 	 */
537 	LIST_FOREACH(v, &vfs_list, vfs_list) {
538 		if (v == vfs) {
539 			LIST_REMOVE(v, vfs_list);
540 			break;
541 		}
542 	}
543 
544 	if (v == NULL) {
545 		error = ESRCH;
546 		goto out;
547 	}
548 
549 	/*
550 	 * Now run the file system-specific cleanups.
551 	 */
552 	(*vfs->vfs_done)();
553 
554 	/*
555 	 * Free the vnode operations vector.
556 	 */
557 	vfs_opv_free(vfs->vfs_opv_descs);
558  out:
559  	mutex_exit(&vfs_list_lock);
560 	return (error);
561 }
562 
563 void
564 vfs_reinit(void)
565 {
566 	struct vfsops *vfs;
567 
568 	mutex_enter(&vfs_list_lock);
569 	LIST_FOREACH(vfs, &vfs_list, vfs_list) {
570 		if (vfs->vfs_reinit) {
571 			vfs->vfs_refcount++;
572 			mutex_exit(&vfs_list_lock);
573 			(*vfs->vfs_reinit)();
574 			mutex_enter(&vfs_list_lock);
575 			vfs->vfs_refcount--;
576 		}
577 	}
578 	mutex_exit(&vfs_list_lock);
579 }
580