xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/subr_prof.c (revision 181254a7b1bdde6873432bffef2d2decc4b5c22f)
1 /*	$NetBSD: subr_prof.c,v 1.49 2019/04/06 03:06:28 thorpej Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  *
31  *	@(#)subr_prof.c	8.4 (Berkeley) 2/14/95
32  */
33 
34 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
35 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: subr_prof.c,v 1.49 2019/04/06 03:06:28 thorpej Exp $");
36 
37 #ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
38 #include "opt_gprof.h"
39 #endif
40 
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/systm.h>
43 #include <sys/kernel.h>
44 #include <sys/proc.h>
45 #include <sys/mount.h>
46 #include <sys/syscallargs.h>
47 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
48 
49 #include <sys/cpu.h>
50 
51 #ifdef GPROF
52 #include <sys/malloc.h>
53 #include <sys/gmon.h>
54 
55 MALLOC_DEFINE(M_GPROF, "gprof", "kernel profiling buffer");
56 
57 /*
58  * Froms is actually a bunch of unsigned shorts indexing tos
59  */
60 struct gmonparam _gmonparam = { .state = GMON_PROF_OFF };
61 
62 /* Actual start of the kernel text segment. */
63 extern char kernel_text[];
64 
65 extern char etext[];
66 
67 
68 void
69 kmstartup(void)
70 {
71 	char *cp;
72 	struct gmonparam *p = &_gmonparam;
73 	/*
74 	 * Round lowpc and highpc to multiples of the density we're using
75 	 * so the rest of the scaling (here and in gprof) stays in ints.
76 	 */
77 	p->lowpc = rounddown(((u_long)kernel_text),
78 		HISTFRACTION * sizeof(HISTCOUNTER));
79 	p->highpc = roundup((u_long)etext,
80 		HISTFRACTION * sizeof(HISTCOUNTER));
81 	p->textsize = p->highpc - p->lowpc;
82 	printf("Profiling kernel, textsize=%ld [%lx..%lx]\n",
83 	       p->textsize, p->lowpc, p->highpc);
84 	p->kcountsize = p->textsize / HISTFRACTION;
85 	p->hashfraction = HASHFRACTION;
86 	p->fromssize = p->textsize / HASHFRACTION;
87 	p->tolimit = p->textsize * ARCDENSITY / 100;
88 	if (p->tolimit < MINARCS)
89 		p->tolimit = MINARCS;
90 	else if (p->tolimit > MAXARCS)
91 		p->tolimit = MAXARCS;
92 	p->tossize = p->tolimit * sizeof(struct tostruct);
93 	cp = malloc(p->kcountsize + p->fromssize + p->tossize,
94 	    M_GPROF, M_NOWAIT | M_ZERO);
95 	if (cp == 0) {
96 		printf("No memory for profiling.\n");
97 		return;
98 	}
99 	p->tos = (struct tostruct *)cp;
100 	cp += p->tossize;
101 	p->kcount = (u_short *)cp;
102 	cp += p->kcountsize;
103 	p->froms = (u_short *)cp;
104 }
105 
106 /*
107  * Return kernel profiling information.
108  */
109 /*
110  * sysctl helper routine for kern.profiling subtree.  enables/disables
111  * kernel profiling and gives out copies of the profiling data.
112  */
113 static int
114 sysctl_kern_profiling(SYSCTLFN_ARGS)
115 {
116 	struct gmonparam *gp = &_gmonparam;
117 	int error;
118 	struct sysctlnode node;
119 
120 	node = *rnode;
121 
122 	switch (node.sysctl_num) {
123 	case GPROF_STATE:
124 		node.sysctl_data = &gp->state;
125 		break;
126 	case GPROF_COUNT:
127 		node.sysctl_data = gp->kcount;
128 		node.sysctl_size = gp->kcountsize;
129 		break;
130 	case GPROF_FROMS:
131 		node.sysctl_data = gp->froms;
132 		node.sysctl_size = gp->fromssize;
133 		break;
134 	case GPROF_TOS:
135 		node.sysctl_data = gp->tos;
136 		node.sysctl_size = gp->tossize;
137 		break;
138 	case GPROF_GMONPARAM:
139 		node.sysctl_data = gp;
140 		node.sysctl_size = sizeof(*gp);
141 		break;
142 	default:
143 		return (EOPNOTSUPP);
144 	}
145 
146 	error = sysctl_lookup(SYSCTLFN_CALL(&node));
147 	if (error || newp == NULL)
148 		return (error);
149 
150 	if (node.sysctl_num == GPROF_STATE) {
151 		mutex_spin_enter(&proc0.p_stmutex);
152 		if (gp->state == GMON_PROF_OFF)
153 			stopprofclock(&proc0);
154 		else
155 			startprofclock(&proc0);
156 		mutex_spin_exit(&proc0.p_stmutex);
157 	}
158 
159 	return (0);
160 }
161 
162 SYSCTL_SETUP(sysctl_kern_gprof_setup, "sysctl kern.profiling subtree setup")
163 {
164 
165 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
166 		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
167 		       CTLTYPE_NODE, "profiling",
168 		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Profiling information (available)"),
169 		       NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
170 		       CTL_KERN, KERN_PROF, CTL_EOL);
171 
172 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
173 		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
174 		       CTLTYPE_INT, "state",
175 		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Profiling state"),
176 		       sysctl_kern_profiling, 0, NULL, 0,
177 		       CTL_KERN, KERN_PROF, GPROF_STATE, CTL_EOL);
178 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
179 		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
180 		       CTLTYPE_STRUCT, "count",
181 		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Array of statistical program counters"),
182 		       sysctl_kern_profiling, 0, NULL, 0,
183 		       CTL_KERN, KERN_PROF, GPROF_COUNT, CTL_EOL);
184 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
185 		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
186 		       CTLTYPE_STRUCT, "froms",
187 		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Array indexed by program counter of "
188 				    "call-from points"),
189 		       sysctl_kern_profiling, 0, NULL, 0,
190 		       CTL_KERN, KERN_PROF, GPROF_FROMS, CTL_EOL);
191 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
192 		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT|CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
193 		       CTLTYPE_STRUCT, "tos",
194 		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Array of structures describing "
195 				    "destination of calls and their counts"),
196 		       sysctl_kern_profiling, 0, NULL, 0,
197 		       CTL_KERN, KERN_PROF, GPROF_TOS, CTL_EOL);
198 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
199 		       CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
200 		       CTLTYPE_STRUCT, "gmonparam",
201 		       SYSCTL_DESCR("Structure giving the sizes of the above "
202 				    "arrays"),
203 		       sysctl_kern_profiling, 0, NULL, 0,
204 		       CTL_KERN, KERN_PROF, GPROF_GMONPARAM, CTL_EOL);
205 }
206 #endif /* GPROF */
207 
208 /*
209  * Profiling system call.
210  *
211  * The scale factor is a fixed point number with 16 bits of fraction, so that
212  * 1.0 is represented as 0x10000.  A scale factor of 0 turns off profiling.
213  */
214 /* ARGSUSED */
215 int
216 sys_profil(struct lwp *l, const struct sys_profil_args *uap, register_t *retval)
217 {
218 	/* {
219 		syscallarg(char *) samples;
220 		syscallarg(size_t) size;
221 		syscallarg(u_long) offset;
222 		syscallarg(u_int) scale;
223 	} */
224 	struct proc *p = l->l_proc;
225 	struct uprof *upp;
226 
227 	if (SCARG(uap, scale) > (1 << 16))
228 		return (EINVAL);
229 	if (SCARG(uap, scale) == 0) {
230 		mutex_spin_enter(&p->p_stmutex);
231 		stopprofclock(p);
232 		mutex_spin_exit(&p->p_stmutex);
233 		return (0);
234 	}
235 	upp = &p->p_stats->p_prof;
236 
237 	/* Block profile interrupts while changing state. */
238 	mutex_spin_enter(&p->p_stmutex);
239 	upp->pr_off = SCARG(uap, offset);
240 	upp->pr_scale = SCARG(uap, scale);
241 	upp->pr_base = SCARG(uap, samples);
242 	upp->pr_size = SCARG(uap, size);
243 	startprofclock(p);
244 	mutex_spin_exit(&p->p_stmutex);
245 
246 	return (0);
247 }
248 
249 /*
250  * Scale is a fixed-point number with the binary point 16 bits
251  * into the value, and is <= 1.0.  pc is at most 32 bits, so the
252  * intermediate result is at most 48 bits.
253  */
254 #define	PC_TO_INDEX(pc, prof) \
255 	((int)(((u_quad_t)((pc) - (prof)->pr_off) * \
256 	    (u_quad_t)((prof)->pr_scale)) >> 16) & ~1)
257 
258 /*
259  * Collect user-level profiling statistics; called on a profiling tick,
260  * when a process is running in user-mode.  This routine may be called
261  * from an interrupt context.  We schedule an AST that will vector us
262  * to trap() with a context in which copyin and copyout will work.
263  * Trap will then call addupc_task().
264  *
265  * XXX We could use ufetch/ustore here if the profile buffers were
266  * wired.
267  *
268  * Note that we may (rarely) not get around to the AST soon enough, and
269  * lose profile ticks when the next tick overwrites this one, but in this
270  * case the system is overloaded and the profile is probably already
271  * inaccurate.
272  */
273 void
274 addupc_intr(struct lwp *l, u_long pc)
275 {
276 	struct uprof *prof;
277 	struct proc *p;
278 	u_int i;
279 
280 	p = l->l_proc;
281 
282 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&p->p_stmutex));
283 
284 	prof = &p->p_stats->p_prof;
285 	if (pc < prof->pr_off ||
286 	    (i = PC_TO_INDEX(pc, prof)) >= prof->pr_size)
287 		return;			/* out of range; ignore */
288 
289 	mutex_spin_exit(&p->p_stmutex);
290 
291 	/* XXXSMP */
292 	prof->pr_addr = pc;
293 	prof->pr_ticks++;
294 	cpu_need_proftick(l);
295 
296 	mutex_spin_enter(&p->p_stmutex);
297 }
298 
299 /*
300  * Much like before, but we can afford to take faults here.  If the
301  * update fails, we simply turn off profiling.
302  */
303 void
304 addupc_task(struct lwp *l, u_long pc, u_int ticks)
305 {
306 	struct uprof *prof;
307 	struct proc *p;
308 	void *addr;
309 	int error;
310 	u_int i;
311 	u_short v;
312 
313 	p = l->l_proc;
314 
315 	if (ticks == 0)
316 		return;
317 
318 	mutex_spin_enter(&p->p_stmutex);
319 	prof = &p->p_stats->p_prof;
320 
321 	/* Testing P_PROFIL may be unnecessary, but is certainly safe. */
322 	if ((p->p_stflag & PST_PROFIL) == 0 || pc < prof->pr_off ||
323 	    (i = PC_TO_INDEX(pc, prof)) >= prof->pr_size) {
324 		mutex_spin_exit(&p->p_stmutex);
325 		return;
326 	}
327 
328 	addr = prof->pr_base + i;
329 	mutex_spin_exit(&p->p_stmutex);
330 	if ((error = copyin(addr, (void *)&v, sizeof(v))) == 0) {
331 		v += ticks;
332 		error = copyout((void *)&v, addr, sizeof(v));
333 	}
334 	if (error != 0) {
335 		mutex_spin_enter(&p->p_stmutex);
336 		stopprofclock(p);
337 		mutex_spin_exit(&p->p_stmutex);
338 	}
339 }
340