xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/subr_extent.c (revision 81b108b45f75f89f1e3ffad9fb6f074e771c0935)
1 /*	$NetBSD: subr_extent.c,v 1.3 1996/07/25 20:41:48 thorpej Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1996 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Jason R. Thorpe and Matthias Drochner.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
19  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
20  *        This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
21  *        Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
22  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
23  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
24  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
25  *
26  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
27  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
28  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
29  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
30  * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
31  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
32  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
33  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
34  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
35  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
36  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
37  */
38 
39 /*
40  * General purpose extent manager.
41  */
42 
43 #include <sys/param.h>
44 #include <sys/extent.h>
45 #include <sys/malloc.h>
46 #include <sys/time.h>
47 #include <sys/systm.h>
48 #include <sys/proc.h>
49 
50 static	int extent_insert_and_optimize __P((struct extent *, u_long, u_long,
51 	    int, struct extent_region *));
52 static	struct extent_region *extent_alloc_region_descriptor
53 	    __P((struct extent *, int));
54 static	void extent_free_region_descriptor __P((struct extent *,
55 	    struct extent_region *));
56 
57 /*
58  * Allocate and initialize an extent map.
59  */
60 struct extent *
61 extent_create(name, start, end, mtype, storage, storagesize, flags)
62 	char *name;
63 	u_long start, end;
64 	int mtype;
65 	caddr_t storage;
66 	size_t storagesize;
67 	int flags;
68 {
69 	struct extent *ex;
70 	caddr_t cp = storage;
71 	size_t sz = storagesize;
72 	struct extent_region *rp;
73 	int fixed_extent = (storage != NULL);
74 
75 	/* Check arguments. */
76 	if (name == NULL)
77 		panic("extent_create: name == NULL");
78 	if (end < start) {
79 		printf("extent_create: extent `%s', start 0x%lx, end 0x%lx\n",
80 		    name, start, end);
81 		panic("extent_create: end < start");
82 	}
83 	if (fixed_extent && (storagesize < sizeof(struct extent_fixed)))
84 		panic("extent_create: fixed extent, bad storagesize 0x%x",
85 		    storagesize);
86 
87 	/* Allocate extent descriptor. */
88 	if (fixed_extent) {
89 		struct extent_fixed *fex;
90 
91 		bzero(storage, storagesize);
92 
93 		/*
94 		 * Align all descriptors on "long" boundaries.
95 		 */
96 		fex = (struct extent_fixed *)cp;
97 		ex = (struct extent *)fex;
98 		cp += EXTENT_ALIGN(sizeof(struct extent_fixed), sizeof(long));
99 		sz -= EXTENT_ALIGN(sizeof(struct extent_fixed), sizeof(long));
100 		fex->fex_storage = storage;
101 		fex->fex_storagesize = storagesize;
102 
103 		/*
104 		 * In a fixed extent, we have to pre-allocate region
105 		 * descriptors and place them in the extent's freelist.
106 		 */
107 		LIST_INIT(&fex->fex_freelist);
108 		while (sz >= sizeof(struct extent_region)) {
109 			rp = (struct extent_region *)cp;
110 			cp += EXTENT_ALIGN(sizeof(struct extent_region),
111 			    sizeof(long));
112 			sz -= EXTENT_ALIGN(sizeof(struct extent_region),
113 			    sizeof(long));
114 			LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&fex->fex_freelist, rp, er_link);
115 		}
116 	} else {
117 		ex = (struct extent *)malloc(sizeof(struct extent),
118 		    mtype, (flags & EX_WAITOK) ? M_WAITOK : M_NOWAIT);
119 		if (ex == NULL)
120 			return (NULL);
121 	}
122 
123 	/* Fill in the extent descriptor and return it to the caller. */
124 	LIST_INIT(&ex->ex_regions);
125 	ex->ex_name = name;
126 	ex->ex_start = start;
127 	ex->ex_end = end;
128 	ex->ex_mtype = mtype;
129 	ex->ex_flags = 0;
130 	if (fixed_extent)
131 		ex->ex_flags |= EXF_FIXED;
132 	if (flags & EX_NOBLOB)
133 		ex->ex_flags |= EXF_NOBLOB;
134 	return (ex);
135 }
136 
137 /*
138  * Destroy an extent map.
139  */
140 void
141 extent_destroy(ex)
142 	struct extent *ex;
143 {
144 	struct extent_region *rp, *orp;
145 	int mtype;
146 
147 	/* Check arguments. */
148 	if (ex == NULL)
149 		panic("extent_destroy: NULL extent");
150 
151 	mtype = ex->ex_mtype;
152 
153 	/* Free all region descriptors in extent. */
154 	for (rp = ex->ex_regions.lh_first; rp != NULL; ) {
155 		orp = rp;
156 		rp = rp->er_link.le_next;
157 		LIST_REMOVE(orp, er_link);
158 		extent_free_region_descriptor(ex, orp);
159 	}
160 
161 	/* If we're not a fixed extent, free the extent descriptor itself. */
162 	if ((ex->ex_flags & EXF_FIXED) == 0)
163 		free(ex, mtype);
164 }
165 
166 /*
167  * Insert a region descriptor into the sorted region list after the
168  * entry "after" or at the head of the list (if "after" is NULL).
169  */
170 static int
171 extent_insert_and_optimize(ex, start, size, flags, after)
172 	struct extent *ex;
173 	u_long start, size;
174 	int flags;
175 	struct extent_region *after;
176 {
177 	struct extent_region *rp;
178 	int appended = 0;
179 
180 	if (after == NULL) {
181 		/*
182 		 * We're the first in the region list.  If there's
183 		 * a region after us, attempt to coalesce to save
184 		 * descriptor overhead.
185 		 */
186 		if (((ex->ex_flags & EXF_NOBLOB) == 0) &&
187 		    (ex->ex_regions.lh_first != NULL) &&
188 		    ((start + size) == ex->ex_regions.lh_first->er_start)) {
189 			/*
190 			 * We can coalesce.  Prepend us to the first region.
191 			 */
192 			ex->ex_regions.lh_first->er_start = start;
193 			return (0);
194 		}
195 
196 		/*
197 		 * Can't coalesce.  Allocate a region descriptor, fill it
198 		 * in, and insert us at the head of the region list.
199 		 */
200 		rp = extent_alloc_region_descriptor(ex, flags);
201 		if (rp == NULL) {
202 #if defined(DEBUG) || defined(DIAGNOSTIC)
203 			printf("extent `%s': can't alloc region descriptor.\n",
204 			    ex->ex_name);
205 #endif
206 			return (ENOMEM);
207 		}
208 		rp->er_start = start;
209 		rp->er_end = start + (size - 1);
210 		LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&ex->ex_regions, rp, er_link);
211 		return (0);
212 	}
213 
214 	/*
215 	 * If EXF_NOBLOB is set, coalescing is disallowed.
216 	 */
217 	if (ex->ex_flags & EXF_NOBLOB)
218 		goto allocate_region_descriptor;
219 
220 	/*
221 	 * Attempt to coalesce with the region before us.
222 	 */
223 	if ((after->er_end + 1) == start) {
224 		/*
225 		 * We can coalesce.  Append ourselves and make
226 		 * note of it.
227 		 */
228 		after->er_end = start + (size - 1);
229 		appended = 1;
230 	}
231 
232 	/*
233 	 * Attempt to coalesce with the region after us.
234 	 */
235 	if ((after->er_link.le_next != NULL) &&
236 	    ((start + size) == after->er_link.le_next->er_start)) {
237 		/*
238 		 * We can coalesce.  Note that if we appended ourselves
239 		 * to the previous region, we exactly fit the gap, and
240 		 * can free the "next" region descriptor.
241 		 */
242 		if (appended) {
243 			/*
244 			 * Yup, we can free it up.
245 			 */
246 			after->er_end = after->er_link.le_next->er_end;
247 			LIST_REMOVE(after->er_link.le_next, er_link);
248 			extent_free_region_descriptor(ex,
249 			    after->er_link.le_next);
250 		} else {
251 			/*
252 			 * Nope, just prepend us to the next region.
253 			 */
254 			after->er_link.le_next->er_start = start;
255 		}
256 		return (0);
257 	}
258 
259 	/*
260 	 * We weren't able to coalesce with the next region, but
261 	 * we don't need to allocate a region descriptor if we
262 	 * appended ourselves to the previous region.
263 	 */
264 	if (appended)
265 		return (0);
266 
267  allocate_region_descriptor:
268 
269 	/*
270 	 * Allocate a region descriptor and insert ourselves
271 	 * into the region list.
272 	 */
273 	rp = extent_alloc_region_descriptor(ex, flags);
274 	if (rp == NULL) {
275 #if defined(DEBUG) || defined(DIAGNOSTIC)
276 		printf("extent `%s': can't allocate region descriptor.\n",
277 		    ex->ex_name);
278 #endif
279 		return (ENOMEM);
280 	}
281 	rp->er_start = start;
282 	rp->er_end = start + (size - 1);
283 	LIST_INSERT_AFTER(after, rp, er_link);
284 	return (0);
285 }
286 
287 /*
288  * Allocate a specific region in an extent map.
289  */
290 int
291 extent_alloc_region(ex, start, size, flags)
292 	struct extent *ex;
293 	u_long start, size;
294 	int flags;
295 {
296 	struct extent_region *rp, *last;
297 	u_long end = start + (size - 1);
298 	int error;
299 
300 	/* Check arguments. */
301 	if (ex == NULL)
302 		panic("extent_alloc_region: NULL extent");
303 	if (size < 1) {
304 		printf("extent_alloc_region: extent `%s', size 0x%lx\n",
305 		    ex->ex_name, size);
306 		panic("extent_alloc_region: bad size");
307 	}
308 	if (end < start) {
309 		printf(
310 		 "extent_alloc_region: extent `%s', start 0x%lx, size 0x%lx\n",
311 		 ex->ex_name, start, size);
312 		panic("extent_alloc_region: overflow");
313 	}
314 	/*
315 	 * Make sure the requested region lies within the
316 	 * extent.
317 	 */
318 	if ((start < ex->ex_start) || (end > ex->ex_end)) {
319 		printf("extent_alloc_region: extent `%s' (0x%lx - 0x%lx)\n",
320 		    ex->ex_name, ex->ex_start, ex->ex_end);
321 		printf("extent_alloc_region: start 0x%lx, end 0x%lx\n",
322 		    start, end);
323 		panic("extent_alloc_region: region lies outside extent");
324 	}
325 
326  alloc_start:
327 	/*
328 	 * Attempt to place ourselves in the desired area of the
329 	 * extent.  We save ourselves some work by keeping the list sorted.
330 	 * In other words, if the start of the current region is greater
331 	 * than the end of our region, we don't have to search any further.
332 	 */
333 
334 	/*
335 	 * Keep a pointer to the last region we looked at so
336 	 * that we don't have to traverse the list again when
337 	 * we insert ourselves.  If "last" is NULL when we
338 	 * finally insert ourselves, we go at the head of the
339 	 * list.  See extent_insert_and_optimize() for details.
340 	 */
341 	last = NULL;
342 
343 	for (rp = ex->ex_regions.lh_first; rp != NULL;
344 	    rp = rp->er_link.le_next) {
345 		if (rp->er_start > end) {
346 			/*
347 			 * We lie before this region and don't
348 			 * conflict.
349 			 */
350 			 break;
351 		}
352 
353 		/*
354 		 * The current region begins before we end.
355 		 * Check for a conflict.
356 		 */
357 		if (rp->er_end >= start) {
358 			/*
359 			 * We conflict.  If we can wait, do so.
360 			 */
361 			if (flags & EX_WAITOK) {
362 				ex->ex_flags |= EXF_WANTED;
363 				error = tsleep(ex,
364 				    PRIBIO | ((flags & EX_CATCH) ? PCATCH : 0),
365 				    "extnt", 0);
366 				if (error)
367 					return (error);
368 				goto alloc_start;
369 			}
370 			return (EAGAIN);
371 		}
372 
373 		/*
374 		 * We don't conflict, but this region lies before
375 		 * us.  Keep a pointer to this region, and keep
376 		 * trying.
377 		 */
378 		last = rp;
379 	}
380 
381 	/*
382 	 * We don't conflict with any regions.  "last" points
383 	 * to the region we fall after, or is NULL if we belong
384 	 * at the beginning of the region list.  Insert ourselves.
385 	 */
386 	return (extent_insert_and_optimize(ex, start, size, flags, last));
387 }
388 
389 /*
390  * Macro to check (x + y) <= z.  This check is designed to fail
391  * if an overflow occurs.
392  */
393 #define LE_OV(x, y, z)	((((x) + (y)) >= (x)) && (((x) + (y)) <= (z)))
394 
395 /*
396  * Allocate a region in an extent map subregion.
397  *
398  * If EX_FAST is specified, we return the first fit in the map.
399  * Otherwise, we try to minimize fragmentation by finding the
400  * smallest gap that will hold the request.
401  *
402  * The allocated region is aligned to "alignment", which must be
403  * a power of 2.
404  */
405 int
406 extent_alloc_subregion(ex, substart, subend, size, alignment, boundary,
407     flags, result)
408 	struct extent *ex;
409 	u_long substart, subend, size, alignment, boundary;
410 	int flags;
411 	u_long *result;
412 {
413 	struct extent_region *rp, *last, *bestlast;
414 	u_long newstart, newend, beststart, bestovh, ovh;
415 	u_long dontcross, odontcross;
416 	int error;
417 
418 	/* Check arguments. */
419 	if (ex == NULL)
420 		panic("extent_alloc_subregion: NULL extent");
421 	if (result == NULL)
422 		panic("extent_alloc_subregion: NULL result pointer");
423 	if ((substart < ex->ex_start) || (substart >= ex->ex_end) ||
424 	    (subend > ex->ex_end) || (subend <= ex->ex_start)) {
425   printf("extent_alloc_subregion: extent `%s', ex_start 0x%lx, ex_end 0x%lx\n",
426 		    ex->ex_name, ex->ex_start, ex->ex_end);
427 		printf("extent_alloc_subregion: substart 0x%lx, subend 0x%lx\n",
428 		    substart, subend);
429 		panic("extent_alloc_subregion: bad subregion");
430 	}
431 	if ((size < 1) || (size > ((subend - substart) + 1))) {
432 		printf("extent_alloc_subregion: extent `%s', size 0x%lx\n",
433 		    ex->ex_name, size);
434 		panic("extent_alloc_subregion: bad size");
435 	}
436 	if (alignment == 0)
437 		panic("extent_alloc_subregion: bad alignment");
438 	if (boundary && (boundary < size)) {
439 		printf(
440 		    "extent_alloc_subregion: extent `%s', size 0x%lx,
441 		    boundary 0x%lx\n", ex->ex_name, size, boundary);
442 		panic("extent_alloc_subregion: bad boundary");
443 	}
444 
445  alloc_start:
446 	/*
447 	 * Keep a pointer to the last region we looked at so
448 	 * that we don't have to traverse the list again when
449 	 * we insert ourselves.  If "last" is NULL when we
450 	 * finally insert ourselves, we go at the head of the
451 	 * list.  See extent_insert_and_optimize() for deatails.
452 	 */
453 	last = NULL;
454 
455 	/*
456 	 * Initialize the "don't cross" boundary, a.k.a a line
457 	 * that a region should not cross.  If the boundary lies
458 	 * before the region starts, we add the "boundary" argument
459 	 * until we get a meaningful comparison.
460 	 */
461 	dontcross = 0;
462 	if (boundary) {
463 		dontcross = ex->ex_start + boundary;
464 		while (dontcross < substart)
465 			dontcross += boundary;
466 	}
467 
468 	/*
469 	 * Keep track of size and location of the smallest
470 	 * chunk we fit in.
471 	 *
472 	 * Since the extent can be as large as the numeric range
473 	 * of the CPU (0 - 0xffffffff for 32-bit systems), the
474 	 * best overhead value can be the maximum unsigned integer.
475 	 * Thus, we initialize "bestovh" to 0, since we insert ourselves
476 	 * into the region list immediately on an exact match (which
477 	 * is the only case where "bestovh" would be set to 0).
478 	 */
479 	bestovh = 0;
480 	beststart = 0;
481 	bestlast = NULL;
482 
483 	/*
484 	 * For N allocated regions, we must make (N + 1)
485 	 * checks for unallocated space.  The first chunk we
486 	 * check is the area from the beginning of the subregion
487 	 * to the first allocated region.
488 	 */
489 	newstart = EXTENT_ALIGN(substart, alignment);
490 	if (newstart < ex->ex_start) {
491 		printf(
492       "extent_alloc_subregion: extent `%s' (0x%lx - 0x%lx), alignment 0x%lx\n",
493 		 ex->ex_name, ex->ex_start, ex->ex_end, alignment);
494 		panic("extent_alloc_subregion: overflow after alignment");
495 	}
496 
497 	for (rp = ex->ex_regions.lh_first; rp != NULL;
498 	    rp = rp->er_link.le_next) {
499 		/*
500 		 * Check the chunk before "rp".  Note that our
501 		 * comparison is safe from overflow conditions.
502 		 */
503 		if (LE_OV(newstart, size, rp->er_start)) {
504 			/*
505 			 * Do a boundary check, if necessary.  Note
506 			 * that a region may *begin* on the boundary,
507 			 * but it must end before the boundary.
508 			 */
509 			if (boundary) {
510 				newend = newstart + (size - 1);
511 
512 				/*
513 				 * Adjust boundary for a meaningful
514 				 * comparison.
515 				 */
516 				while (dontcross <= newstart) {
517 					odontcross = dontcross;
518 					dontcross += boundary;
519 
520 					/*
521 					 * If we run past the end of
522 					 * the extent or the boundary
523 					 * overflows, then the request
524 					 * can't fit.
525 					 */
526 					if ((dontcross > ex->ex_end) ||
527 					    (dontcross < odontcross))
528 						goto fail;
529 				}
530 
531 				/* Do the boundary check. */
532 				if (newend >= dontcross) {
533 					/*
534 					 * Candidate region crosses
535 					 * boundary.  Try again.
536 					 */
537 					continue;
538 				}
539 			}
540 
541 			/*
542 			 * We would fit into this space.  Calculate
543 			 * the overhead (wasted space).  If we exactly
544 			 * fit, or we're taking the first fit, insert
545 			 * ourselves into the region list.
546 			 */
547 			ovh = rp->er_start - newstart - size;
548 			if ((flags & EX_FAST) || (ovh == 0))
549 				goto found;
550 
551 			/*
552 			 * Don't exactly fit, but check to see
553 			 * if we're better than any current choice.
554 			 */
555 			if ((bestovh == 0) || (ovh < bestovh)) {
556 				bestovh = ovh;
557 				beststart = newstart;
558 				bestlast = last;
559 			}
560 		}
561 
562 		/*
563 		 * Skip past the current region and check again.
564 		 */
565 		newstart = EXTENT_ALIGN((rp->er_end + 1), alignment);
566 		if (newstart < rp->er_end) {
567 			/*
568 			 * Overflow condition.  Don't error out, since
569 			 * we might have a chunk of space that we can
570 			 * use.
571 			 */
572 			goto fail;
573 		}
574 
575 		last = rp;
576 	}
577 
578 	/*
579 	 * The final check is from the current starting point to the
580 	 * end of the subregion.  If there were no allocated regions,
581 	 * "newstart" is set to the beginning of the subregion, or
582 	 * just past the end of the last allocated region, adjusted
583 	 * for alignment in either case.
584 	 */
585 	if (LE_OV(newstart, (size - 1), subend)) {
586 		/*
587 		 * We would fit into this space.  Calculate
588 		 * the overhead (wasted space).  If we exactly
589 		 * fit, or we're taking the first fit, insert
590 		 * ourselves into the region list.
591 		 */
592 		ovh = ex->ex_end - newstart - (size - 1);
593 		if ((flags & EX_FAST) || (ovh == 0))
594 			goto found;
595 
596 		/*
597 		 * Don't exactly fit, but check to see
598 		 * if we're better than any current choice.
599 		 */
600 		if ((bestovh == 0) || (ovh < bestovh)) {
601 			bestovh = ovh;
602 			beststart = newstart;
603 			bestlast = last;
604 		}
605 	}
606 
607  fail:
608 	/*
609 	 * One of the following two conditions have
610 	 * occurred:
611 	 *
612 	 *	There is no chunk large enough to hold the request.
613 	 *
614 	 *	If EX_FAST was not specified, there is not an
615 	 *	exact match for the request.
616 	 *
617 	 * Note that if we reach this point and EX_FAST is
618 	 * set, then we know there is no space in the extent for
619 	 * the request.
620 	 */
621 	if (((flags & EX_FAST) == 0) && (bestovh != 0)) {
622 		/*
623 		 * We have a match that's "good enough".
624 		 */
625 		newstart = beststart;
626 		last = bestlast;
627 		goto found;
628 	}
629 
630 	/*
631 	 * No space currently available.  Wait for it to free up,
632 	 * if possible.
633 	 */
634 	if (flags & EX_WAITOK) {
635 		ex->ex_flags |= EXF_WANTED;
636 		error = tsleep(ex,
637 		    PRIBIO | ((flags & EX_CATCH) ? PCATCH : 0), "extnt", 0);
638 		if (error)
639 			return (error);
640 		goto alloc_start;
641 	}
642 
643 	return (EAGAIN);
644 
645  found:
646 	/*
647 	 * Insert ourselves into the region list.
648 	 */
649 	error = extent_insert_and_optimize(ex, newstart, size, flags, last);
650 	if (error == 0)
651 		*result = newstart;
652 	return (error);
653 }
654 
655 int
656 extent_free(ex, start, size, flags)
657 	struct extent *ex;
658 	u_long start, size;
659 	int flags;
660 {
661 	struct extent_region *rp;
662 	u_long end = start + (size - 1);
663 
664 	/* Check arguments. */
665 	if (ex == NULL)
666 		panic("extent_free: NULL extent");
667 	if ((start < ex->ex_start) || (start > ex->ex_end)) {
668 		extent_print(ex);
669 		printf("extent_free: extent `%s', start 0x%lx, size 0x%lx\n",
670 		    ex->ex_name, start, size);
671 		panic("extent_free: extent `%s', region not within extent",
672 		    ex->ex_name);
673 	}
674 	/* Check for an overflow. */
675 	if (end < start) {
676 		extent_print(ex);
677 		printf("extent_free: extent `%s', start 0x%lx, size 0x%lx\n",
678 		    ex->ex_name, start, size);
679 		panic("extent_free: overflow");
680 	}
681 
682 	/*
683 	 * Find region and deallocate.  Several possibilities:
684 	 *
685 	 *	1. (start == er_start) && (end == er_end):
686 	 *	   Free descriptor.
687 	 *
688 	 *	2. (start == er_start) && (end < er_end):
689 	 *	   Adjust er_start.
690 	 *
691 	 *	3. (start > er_start) && (end == er_end):
692 	 *	   Adjust er_end.
693 	 *
694 	 *	4. (start > er_start) && (end < er_end):
695 	 *	   Fragment region.  Requires descriptor alloc.
696 	 *
697 	 * Cases 2, 3, and 4 require that the EXF_NOBLOB flag
698 	 * is not set.
699 	 */
700 	for (rp = ex->ex_regions.lh_first; rp != NULL;
701 	    rp = rp->er_link.le_next) {
702 		/*
703 		 * Save ourselves some comparisons; does the current
704 		 * region end before chunk to be freed begins?  If so,
705 		 * then we haven't found the appropriate region descriptor.
706 		 */
707 		if (rp->er_end < start)
708 			continue;
709 
710 		/*
711 		 * Save ourselves some traversal; does the current
712 		 * region begin after the chunk to be freed ends?  If so,
713 		 * then we've already passed any possible region descriptors
714 		 * that might have contained the chunk to be freed.
715 		 */
716 		if (rp->er_start > end)
717 			break;
718 
719 		/* Case 1. */
720 		if ((start == rp->er_start) && (end == rp->er_end)) {
721 			LIST_REMOVE(rp, er_link);
722 			extent_free_region_descriptor(ex, rp);
723 			goto done;
724 		}
725 
726 		/*
727 		 * The following cases all require that EXF_NOBLOB
728 		 * is not set.
729 		 */
730 		if (ex->ex_flags & EXF_NOBLOB)
731 			continue;
732 
733 		/* Case 2. */
734 		if ((start == rp->er_start) && (end < rp->er_end)) {
735 			rp->er_start = (end + 1);
736 			goto done;
737 		}
738 
739 		/* Case 3. */
740 		if ((start > rp->er_start) && (end == rp->er_end)) {
741 			rp->er_end = (start - 1);
742 			goto done;
743 		}
744 
745 		/* Case 4. */
746 		if ((start > rp->er_start) && (end < rp->er_end)) {
747 			struct extent_region *nrp;
748 
749 			/* Allocate a region descriptor. */
750 			nrp = extent_alloc_region_descriptor(ex, flags);
751 			if (nrp == NULL)
752 				return (ENOMEM);
753 
754 			/* Fill in new descriptor. */
755 			nrp->er_start = end + 1;
756 			nrp->er_end = rp->er_end;
757 
758 			/* Adjust current descriptor. */
759 			rp->er_end = start - 1;
760 
761 			/* Instert new descriptor after current. */
762 			LIST_INSERT_AFTER(rp, nrp, er_link);
763 			goto done;
764 		}
765 	}
766 
767 	/* Region not found, or request otherwise invalid. */
768 	extent_print(ex);
769 	printf("extent_free: start 0x%lx, end 0x%lx\n", start, end);
770 	panic("extent_free: region not found");
771 
772  done:
773 	if (ex->ex_flags & EXF_WANTED) {
774 		ex->ex_flags &= ~EXF_WANTED;
775 		wakeup(ex);
776 	}
777 	return (0);
778 }
779 
780 static struct extent_region *
781 extent_alloc_region_descriptor(ex, flags)
782 	struct extent *ex;
783 	int flags;
784 {
785 	struct extent_region *rp;
786 	int s;
787 
788 	if (ex->ex_flags & EXF_FIXED) {
789 		struct extent_fixed *fex = (struct extent_fixed *)ex;
790 
791 		while (fex->fex_freelist.lh_first == NULL) {
792 			if (flags & EX_MALLOCOK)
793 				goto alloc;
794 
795 			if ((flags & EX_WAITOK) == 0)
796 				return (NULL);
797 			ex->ex_flags |= EXF_FLWANTED;
798 			if (tsleep(&fex->fex_freelist,
799 			    PRIBIO | ((flags & EX_CATCH) ? PCATCH : 0),
800 			    "extnt", 0))
801 				return (NULL);
802 		}
803 		/* Atomic. */
804 		s = splhigh();
805 		rp = fex->fex_freelist.lh_first;
806 		LIST_REMOVE(rp, er_link);
807 		splx(s);
808 
809 		rp->er_flags = 0;
810 
811 		return (rp);
812 	}
813 
814  alloc:
815 	rp = (struct extent_region *)
816 	    malloc(sizeof(struct extent_region), ex->ex_mtype,
817 	    (flags & EX_WAITOK) ? M_WAITOK : M_NOWAIT);
818 
819 	rp->er_flags = ER_ALLOC;
820 
821 	return (rp);
822 }
823 
824 static void
825 extent_free_region_descriptor(ex, rp)
826 	struct extent *ex;
827 	struct extent_region *rp;
828 {
829 
830 	if ((rp->er_flags & ER_ALLOC) == 0) {
831 		struct extent_fixed *fex = (struct extent_fixed *)ex;
832 
833 		LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&fex->fex_freelist, rp, er_link);
834 		if (ex->ex_flags & EXF_FLWANTED) {
835 			ex->ex_flags &= ~EXF_FLWANTED;
836 			wakeup(&fex->fex_freelist);
837 		}
838 	} else
839 		free(rp, ex->ex_mtype);
840 }
841 
842 void
843 extent_print(ex)
844 	struct extent *ex;
845 {
846 	struct extent_region *rp;
847 
848 	if (ex == NULL)
849 		panic("extent_print: NULL extent");
850 
851 	printf("extent `%s' (0x%lx - 0x%lx), flags = 0x%x\n", ex->ex_name,
852 	    ex->ex_start, ex->ex_end, ex->ex_flags);
853 
854 	for (rp = ex->ex_regions.lh_first; rp != NULL;
855 	    rp = rp->er_link.le_next)
856 		printf("     0x%lx - 0x%lx\n", rp->er_start, rp->er_end);
857 }
858