xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/subr_disk.c (revision 74809f044aa1c34df701bf79c7bfb9794896fdf8)
1 /*	$NetBSD: subr_disk.c,v 1.93 2008/04/28 20:24:04 martin Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 1999, 2000 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Jason R. Thorpe of the Numerical Aerospace Simulation Facility,
9  * NASA Ames Research Center.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  *
20  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
21  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
22  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
23  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
24  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
25  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
26  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
27  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
28  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
29  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
30  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
31  */
32 
33 /*
34  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1993
35  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
36  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
37  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
38  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
39  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
40  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
41  *
42  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
43  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
44  * are met:
45  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
46  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
47  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
48  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
49  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
50  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
51  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
52  *    without specific prior written permission.
53  *
54  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
55  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
56  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
57  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
58  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
59  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
60  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
61  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
62  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
63  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
64  * SUCH DAMAGE.
65  *
66  *	@(#)ufs_disksubr.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 1/21/94
67  */
68 
69 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
70 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: subr_disk.c,v 1.93 2008/04/28 20:24:04 martin Exp $");
71 
72 #include <sys/param.h>
73 #include <sys/kernel.h>
74 #include <sys/malloc.h>
75 #include <sys/buf.h>
76 #include <sys/syslog.h>
77 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
78 #include <sys/disk.h>
79 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
80 #include <lib/libkern/libkern.h>
81 
82 /*
83  * Compute checksum for disk label.
84  */
85 u_int
86 dkcksum(struct disklabel *lp)
87 {
88 	return dkcksum_sized(lp, lp->d_npartitions);
89 }
90 
91 u_int
92 dkcksum_sized(struct disklabel *lp, size_t npartitions)
93 {
94 	u_short *start, *end;
95 	u_short sum = 0;
96 
97 	start = (u_short *)lp;
98 	end = (u_short *)&lp->d_partitions[npartitions];
99 	while (start < end)
100 		sum ^= *start++;
101 	return (sum);
102 }
103 
104 /*
105  * Disk error is the preface to plaintive error messages
106  * about failing disk transfers.  It prints messages of the form
107 
108 hp0g: hard error reading fsbn 12345 of 12344-12347 (hp0 bn %d cn %d tn %d sn %d)
109 
110  * if the offset of the error in the transfer and a disk label
111  * are both available.  blkdone should be -1 if the position of the error
112  * is unknown; the disklabel pointer may be null from drivers that have not
113  * been converted to use them.  The message is printed with printf
114  * if pri is LOG_PRINTF, otherwise it uses log at the specified priority.
115  * The message should be completed (with at least a newline) with printf
116  * or addlog, respectively.  There is no trailing space.
117  */
118 #ifndef PRIdaddr
119 #define PRIdaddr PRId64
120 #endif
121 void
122 diskerr(const struct buf *bp, const char *dname, const char *what, int pri,
123     int blkdone, const struct disklabel *lp)
124 {
125 	int unit = DISKUNIT(bp->b_dev), part = DISKPART(bp->b_dev);
126 	void (*pr)(const char *, ...);
127 	char partname = 'a' + part;
128 	daddr_t sn;
129 
130 	if (/*CONSTCOND*/0)
131 		/* Compiler will error this is the format is wrong... */
132 		printf("%" PRIdaddr, bp->b_blkno);
133 
134 	if (pri != LOG_PRINTF) {
135 		static const char fmt[] = "";
136 		log(pri, fmt);
137 		pr = addlog;
138 	} else
139 		pr = printf;
140 	(*pr)("%s%d%c: %s %sing fsbn ", dname, unit, partname, what,
141 	    bp->b_flags & B_READ ? "read" : "writ");
142 	sn = bp->b_blkno;
143 	if (bp->b_bcount <= DEV_BSIZE)
144 		(*pr)("%" PRIdaddr, sn);
145 	else {
146 		if (blkdone >= 0) {
147 			sn += blkdone;
148 			(*pr)("%" PRIdaddr " of ", sn);
149 		}
150 		(*pr)("%" PRIdaddr "-%" PRIdaddr "", bp->b_blkno,
151 		    bp->b_blkno + (bp->b_bcount - 1) / DEV_BSIZE);
152 	}
153 	if (lp && (blkdone >= 0 || bp->b_bcount <= lp->d_secsize)) {
154 		sn += lp->d_partitions[part].p_offset;
155 		(*pr)(" (%s%d bn %" PRIdaddr "; cn %" PRIdaddr "",
156 		    dname, unit, sn, sn / lp->d_secpercyl);
157 		sn %= lp->d_secpercyl;
158 		(*pr)(" tn %" PRIdaddr " sn %" PRIdaddr ")",
159 		    sn / lp->d_nsectors, sn % lp->d_nsectors);
160 	}
161 }
162 
163 /*
164  * Searches the iostatlist for the disk corresponding to the
165  * name provided.
166  */
167 struct disk *
168 disk_find(const char *name)
169 {
170 	struct io_stats *stat;
171 
172 	stat = iostat_find(name);
173 
174 	if ((stat != NULL) && (stat->io_type == IOSTAT_DISK))
175 		return stat->io_parent;
176 
177 	return (NULL);
178 }
179 
180 void
181 disk_init(struct disk *diskp, const char *name, const struct dkdriver *driver)
182 {
183 
184 	/*
185 	 * Initialize the wedge-related locks and other fields.
186 	 */
187 	mutex_init(&diskp->dk_rawlock, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
188 	mutex_init(&diskp->dk_openlock, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
189 	LIST_INIT(&diskp->dk_wedges);
190 	diskp->dk_nwedges = 0;
191 	diskp->dk_labelsector = LABELSECTOR;
192 	disk_blocksize(diskp, DEV_BSIZE);
193 	diskp->dk_name = name;
194 	diskp->dk_driver = driver;
195 }
196 
197 /*
198  * Attach a disk.
199  */
200 void
201 disk_attach(struct disk *diskp)
202 {
203 
204 	/*
205 	 * Allocate and initialize the disklabel structures.  Note that
206 	 * it's not safe to sleep here, since we're probably going to be
207 	 * called during autoconfiguration.
208 	 */
209 	diskp->dk_label = malloc(sizeof(struct disklabel), M_DEVBUF, M_NOWAIT);
210 	diskp->dk_cpulabel = malloc(sizeof(struct cpu_disklabel), M_DEVBUF,
211 	    M_NOWAIT);
212 	if ((diskp->dk_label == NULL) || (diskp->dk_cpulabel == NULL))
213 		panic("disk_attach: can't allocate storage for disklabel");
214 
215 	memset(diskp->dk_label, 0, sizeof(struct disklabel));
216 	memset(diskp->dk_cpulabel, 0, sizeof(struct cpu_disklabel));
217 
218 	/*
219 	 * Set up the stats collection.
220 	 */
221 	diskp->dk_stats = iostat_alloc(IOSTAT_DISK, diskp, diskp->dk_name);
222 }
223 
224 /*
225  * Detach a disk.
226  */
227 void
228 disk_detach(struct disk *diskp)
229 {
230 
231 	/*
232 	 * Remove from the drivelist.
233 	 */
234 	iostat_free(diskp->dk_stats);
235 
236 	/*
237 	 * Release the disk-info dictionary.
238 	 */
239 	if (diskp->dk_info) {
240 		prop_object_release(diskp->dk_info);
241 		diskp->dk_info = NULL;
242 	}
243 
244 	/*
245 	 * Free the space used by the disklabel structures.
246 	 */
247 	free(diskp->dk_label, M_DEVBUF);
248 	free(diskp->dk_cpulabel, M_DEVBUF);
249 }
250 
251 void
252 disk_destroy(struct disk *diskp)
253 {
254 
255 	mutex_destroy(&diskp->dk_openlock);
256 	mutex_destroy(&diskp->dk_rawlock);
257 }
258 
259 /*
260  * Mark the disk as busy for metrics collection.
261  */
262 void
263 disk_busy(struct disk *diskp)
264 {
265 
266 	iostat_busy(diskp->dk_stats);
267 }
268 
269 /*
270  * Finished disk operations, gather metrics.
271  */
272 void
273 disk_unbusy(struct disk *diskp, long bcount, int read)
274 {
275 
276 	iostat_unbusy(diskp->dk_stats, bcount, read);
277 }
278 
279 /*
280  * Set the physical blocksize of a disk, in bytes.
281  * Only necessary if blocksize != DEV_BSIZE.
282  */
283 void
284 disk_blocksize(struct disk *diskp, int blocksize)
285 {
286 
287 	diskp->dk_blkshift = DK_BSIZE2BLKSHIFT(blocksize);
288 	diskp->dk_byteshift = DK_BSIZE2BYTESHIFT(blocksize);
289 }
290 
291 /*
292  * Bounds checking against the media size, used for the raw partition.
293  * The sector size passed in should currently always be DEV_BSIZE,
294  * and the media size the size of the device in DEV_BSIZE sectors.
295  */
296 int
297 bounds_check_with_mediasize(struct buf *bp, int secsize, uint64_t mediasize)
298 {
299 	int64_t sz;
300 
301 	sz = howmany(bp->b_bcount, secsize);
302 
303 	if (bp->b_blkno + sz > mediasize) {
304 		sz = mediasize - bp->b_blkno;
305 		if (sz == 0) {
306 			/* If exactly at end of disk, return EOF. */
307 			bp->b_resid = bp->b_bcount;
308 			return 0;
309 		}
310 		if (sz < 0) {
311 			/* If past end of disk, return EINVAL. */
312 			bp->b_error = EINVAL;
313 			return 0;
314 		}
315 		/* Otherwise, truncate request. */
316 		bp->b_bcount = sz << DEV_BSHIFT;
317 	}
318 
319 	return 1;
320 }
321 
322 /*
323  * Determine the size of the transfer, and make sure it is
324  * within the boundaries of the partition. Adjust transfer
325  * if needed, and signal errors or early completion.
326  */
327 int
328 bounds_check_with_label(struct disk *dk, struct buf *bp, int wlabel)
329 {
330 	struct disklabel *lp = dk->dk_label;
331 	struct partition *p = lp->d_partitions + DISKPART(bp->b_dev);
332 	uint64_t p_size, p_offset, labelsector;
333 	int64_t sz;
334 
335 	/* Protect against division by zero. XXX: Should never happen?!?! */
336 	if (lp->d_secpercyl == 0) {
337 		bp->b_error = EINVAL;
338 		return -1;
339 	}
340 
341 	p_size = p->p_size << dk->dk_blkshift;
342 	p_offset = p->p_offset << dk->dk_blkshift;
343 #if RAW_PART == 3
344 	labelsector = lp->d_partitions[2].p_offset;
345 #else
346 	labelsector = lp->d_partitions[RAW_PART].p_offset;
347 #endif
348 	labelsector = (labelsector + dk->dk_labelsector) << dk->dk_blkshift;
349 
350 	sz = howmany(bp->b_bcount, DEV_BSIZE);
351 	if ((bp->b_blkno + sz) > p_size) {
352 		sz = p_size - bp->b_blkno;
353 		if (sz == 0) {
354 			/* If exactly at end of disk, return EOF. */
355 			bp->b_resid = bp->b_bcount;
356 			return 0;
357 		}
358 		if (sz < 0) {
359 			/* If past end of disk, return EINVAL. */
360 			bp->b_error = EINVAL;
361 			return -1;
362 		}
363 		/* Otherwise, truncate request. */
364 		bp->b_bcount = sz << DEV_BSHIFT;
365 	}
366 
367 	/* Overwriting disk label? */
368 	if (bp->b_blkno + p_offset <= labelsector &&
369 	    bp->b_blkno + p_offset + sz > labelsector &&
370 	    (bp->b_flags & B_READ) == 0 && !wlabel) {
371 		bp->b_error = EROFS;
372 		return -1;
373 	}
374 
375 	/* calculate cylinder for disksort to order transfers with */
376 	bp->b_cylinder = (bp->b_blkno + p->p_offset) /
377 	    (lp->d_secsize / DEV_BSIZE) / lp->d_secpercyl;
378 	return 1;
379 }
380 
381 int
382 disk_read_sectors(void (*strat)(struct buf *), const struct disklabel *lp,
383     struct buf *bp, unsigned int sector, int count)
384 {
385 	bp->b_blkno = sector;
386 	bp->b_bcount = count * lp->d_secsize;
387 	bp->b_flags = (bp->b_flags & ~B_WRITE) | B_READ;
388 	bp->b_oflags &= ~BO_DONE;
389 	bp->b_cylinder = sector / lp->d_secpercyl;
390 	(*strat)(bp);
391 	return biowait(bp);
392 }
393 
394 const char *
395 convertdisklabel(struct disklabel *lp, void (*strat)(struct buf *),
396     struct buf *bp, uint32_t secperunit)
397 {
398 	struct partition rp, *altp, *p;
399 	int geom_ok;
400 
401 	memset(&rp, 0, sizeof(rp));
402 	rp.p_size = secperunit;
403 	rp.p_fstype = FS_UNUSED;
404 
405 	/* If we can seek to d_secperunit - 1, believe the disk geometry. */
406 	if (secperunit != 0 &&
407 	    disk_read_sectors(strat, lp, bp, secperunit - 1, 1) == 0)
408 		geom_ok = 1;
409 	else
410 		geom_ok = 0;
411 
412 #if 0
413 	printf("%s: secperunit (%" PRIu32 ") %s\n", __func__,
414 	    secperunit, geom_ok ? "ok" : "not ok");
415 #endif
416 
417 	p = &lp->d_partitions[RAW_PART];
418 	if (RAW_PART == 'c' - 'a')
419 		altp = &lp->d_partitions['d' - 'a'];
420 	else
421 		altp = &lp->d_partitions['c' - 'a'];
422 
423 	if (lp->d_npartitions > RAW_PART && p->p_offset == 0 && p->p_size != 0)
424 		;	/* already a raw partition */
425 	else if (lp->d_npartitions > MAX('c', 'd') - 'a' &&
426 		 altp->p_offset == 0 && altp->p_size != 0) {
427 		/* alternate partition ('c' or 'd') is suitable for raw slot,
428 		 * swap with 'd' or 'c'.
429 		 */
430 		rp = *p;
431 		*p = *altp;
432 		*altp = rp;
433 	} else if (lp->d_npartitions <= RAW_PART &&
434 	           lp->d_npartitions > 'c' - 'a') {
435 		/* No raw partition is present, but the alternate is present.
436 		 * Copy alternate to raw partition.
437 		 */
438 		lp->d_npartitions = RAW_PART + 1;
439 		*p = *altp;
440 	} else if (!geom_ok)
441 		return "no raw partition and disk reports bad geometry";
442 	else if (lp->d_npartitions <= RAW_PART) {
443 		memset(&lp->d_partitions[lp->d_npartitions], 0,
444 		    sizeof(struct partition) * (RAW_PART - lp->d_npartitions));
445 		*p = rp;
446 		lp->d_npartitions = RAW_PART + 1;
447 	} else if (lp->d_npartitions < MAXPARTITIONS) {
448 		memmove(p + 1, p,
449 		    sizeof(struct partition) * (lp->d_npartitions - RAW_PART));
450 		*p = rp;
451 		lp->d_npartitions++;
452 	} else
453 		return "no raw partition and partition table is full";
454 	return NULL;
455 }
456 
457 /*
458  * disk_ioctl --
459  *	Generic disk ioctl handling.
460  */
461 int
462 disk_ioctl(struct disk *diskp, u_long cmd, void *data, int flag,
463 	   struct lwp *l)
464 {
465 	int error;
466 
467 	switch (cmd) {
468 	case DIOCGDISKINFO:
469 	    {
470 		struct plistref *pref = (struct plistref *) data;
471 
472 		if (diskp->dk_info == NULL)
473 			error = ENOTSUP;
474 		else
475 			error = prop_dictionary_copyout_ioctl(pref, cmd,
476 							diskp->dk_info);
477 		break;
478 	    }
479 
480 	default:
481 		error = EPASSTHROUGH;
482 	}
483 
484 	return (error);
485 }
486