xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/kern_rwlock.c (revision 4e1f96faf8dda38f639610fb3e7474dee1c26ab2)

/*	$NetBSD: kern_rwlock.c,v 1.32 2009/05/16 08:36:32 yamt Exp $	*/

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 2002, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
 * by Jason R. Thorpe and Andrew Doran.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
 * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
 * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/*
 * Kernel reader/writer lock implementation, modeled after those
 * found in Solaris, a description of which can be found in:
 *
 *	Solaris Internals: Core Kernel Architecture, Jim Mauro and
 *	    Richard McDougall.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: kern_rwlock.c,v 1.32 2009/05/16 08:36:32 yamt Exp $");

#define	__RWLOCK_PRIVATE

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/rwlock.h>
#include <sys/sched.h>
#include <sys/sleepq.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/lockdebug.h>
#include <sys/cpu.h>
#include <sys/atomic.h>
#include <sys/lock.h>

#include <dev/lockstat.h>

/*
 * LOCKDEBUG
 */

#if defined(LOCKDEBUG)

#define	RW_WANTLOCK(rw, op, t)						\
	LOCKDEBUG_WANTLOCK(RW_DEBUG_P(rw), (rw),			\
	    (uintptr_t)__builtin_return_address(0), op == RW_READER, t);
#define	RW_LOCKED(rw, op)						\
	LOCKDEBUG_LOCKED(RW_DEBUG_P(rw), (rw), NULL,			\
	    (uintptr_t)__builtin_return_address(0), op == RW_READER);
#define	RW_UNLOCKED(rw, op)						\
	LOCKDEBUG_UNLOCKED(RW_DEBUG_P(rw), (rw),			\
	    (uintptr_t)__builtin_return_address(0), op == RW_READER);
#define	RW_DASSERT(rw, cond)						\
do {									\
	if (!(cond))							\
		rw_abort(rw, __func__, "assertion failed: " #cond);	\
} while (/* CONSTCOND */ 0);

#else	/* LOCKDEBUG */

#define	RW_WANTLOCK(rw, op, t)	/* nothing */
#define	RW_LOCKED(rw, op)	/* nothing */
#define	RW_UNLOCKED(rw, op)	/* nothing */
#define	RW_DASSERT(rw, cond)	/* nothing */

#endif	/* LOCKDEBUG */

/*
 * DIAGNOSTIC
 */

#if defined(DIAGNOSTIC)

#define	RW_ASSERT(rw, cond)						\
do {									\
	if (!(cond))							\
		rw_abort(rw, __func__, "assertion failed: " #cond);	\
} while (/* CONSTCOND */ 0)

#else

#define	RW_ASSERT(rw, cond)	/* nothing */

#endif	/* DIAGNOSTIC */

#define	RW_SETDEBUG(rw, on)		((rw)->rw_owner |= (on) ? RW_DEBUG : 0)
#define	RW_DEBUG_P(rw)			(((rw)->rw_owner & RW_DEBUG) != 0)
#if defined(LOCKDEBUG)
#define	RW_INHERITDEBUG(new, old)	(new) |= (old) & RW_DEBUG
#else /* defined(LOCKDEBUG) */
#define	RW_INHERITDEBUG(new, old)	/* nothing */
#endif /* defined(LOCKDEBUG) */

static void	rw_abort(krwlock_t *, const char *, const char *);
static void	rw_dump(volatile void *);
static lwp_t	*rw_owner(wchan_t);

static inline uintptr_t
rw_cas(krwlock_t *rw, uintptr_t o, uintptr_t n)
{

	RW_INHERITDEBUG(n, o);
	return (uintptr_t)atomic_cas_ptr((volatile void *)&rw->rw_owner,
	    (void *)o, (void *)n);
}

static inline void
rw_swap(krwlock_t *rw, uintptr_t o, uintptr_t n)
{

	RW_INHERITDEBUG(n, o);
	n = (uintptr_t)atomic_swap_ptr((volatile void *)&rw->rw_owner,
	    (void *)n);
	RW_DASSERT(rw, n == o);
}

/*
 * For platforms that do not provide stubs, or for the LOCKDEBUG case.
 */
#ifdef LOCKDEBUG
#undef	__HAVE_RW_STUBS
#endif

#ifndef __HAVE_RW_STUBS
__strong_alias(rw_enter,rw_vector_enter);
__strong_alias(rw_exit,rw_vector_exit);
__strong_alias(rw_tryenter,rw_vector_tryenter);
#endif

lockops_t rwlock_lockops = {
	"Reader / writer lock",
	LOCKOPS_SLEEP,
	rw_dump
};

syncobj_t rw_syncobj = {
	SOBJ_SLEEPQ_SORTED,
	turnstile_unsleep,
	turnstile_changepri,
	sleepq_lendpri,
	rw_owner,
};

/* Mutex cache */
#define	RW_OBJ_MAGIC	0x85d3c85d
struct krwobj {
	krwlock_t	ro_lock;
	u_int		ro_magic;
	u_int		ro_refcnt;
};

static int	rw_obj_ctor(void *, void *, int);

static pool_cache_t	rw_obj_cache;

/*
 * rw_dump:
 *
 *	Dump the contents of a rwlock structure.
 */
static void
rw_dump(volatile void *cookie)
{
	volatile krwlock_t *rw = cookie;

	printf_nolog("owner/count  : %#018lx flags    : %#018x\n",
	    (long)RW_OWNER(rw), (int)RW_FLAGS(rw));
}

/*
 * rw_abort:
 *
 *	Dump information about an error and panic the system.  This
 *	generates a lot of machine code in the DIAGNOSTIC case, so
 *	we ask the compiler to not inline it.
 */
static void __noinline
rw_abort(krwlock_t *rw, const char *func, const char *msg)
{

	if (panicstr != NULL)
		return;

	LOCKDEBUG_ABORT(rw, &rwlock_lockops, func, msg);
}

/*
 * rw_init:
 *
 *	Initialize a rwlock for use.
 */
void
rw_init(krwlock_t *rw)
{
	bool dodebug;

	memset(rw, 0, sizeof(*rw));

	dodebug = LOCKDEBUG_ALLOC(rw, &rwlock_lockops,
	    (uintptr_t)__builtin_return_address(0));
	RW_SETDEBUG(rw, dodebug);
}

/*
 * rw_destroy:
 *
 *	Tear down a rwlock.
 */
void
rw_destroy(krwlock_t *rw)
{

	RW_ASSERT(rw, (rw->rw_owner & ~RW_DEBUG) == 0);
	LOCKDEBUG_FREE(RW_DEBUG_P(rw), rw);
}

/*
 * rw_onproc:
 *
 *	Return true if an rwlock owner is running on a CPU in the system.
 *	If the target is waiting on the kernel big lock, then we must
 *	release it.  This is necessary to avoid deadlock.
 *
 *	Note that we can't use the rwlock owner field as an LWP pointer.  We
 *	don't have full control over the timing of our execution, and so the
 *	pointer could be completely invalid by the time we dereference it.
 */
static int
rw_onproc(uintptr_t owner, struct cpu_info **cip)
{
#ifdef MULTIPROCESSOR
	CPU_INFO_ITERATOR cii;
	struct cpu_info *ci;
	lwp_t *l;

	if ((owner & (RW_WRITE_LOCKED|RW_HAS_WAITERS)) != RW_WRITE_LOCKED)
		return 0;
	l = (lwp_t *)(owner & RW_THREAD);

	/* See if the target is running on a CPU somewhere. */
	if ((ci = *cip) != NULL && ci->ci_curlwp == l)
		goto run;
	for (CPU_INFO_FOREACH(cii, ci))
		if (ci->ci_curlwp == l)
			goto run;

	/* No: it may be safe to block now. */
	*cip = NULL;
	return 0;

 run:
 	/* Target is running; do we need to block? */
 	*cip = ci;
	return ci->ci_biglock_wanted != l;
#else
	return 0;
#endif	/* MULTIPROCESSOR */
}

/*
 * rw_vector_enter:
 *
 *	Acquire a rwlock.
 */
void
rw_vector_enter(krwlock_t *rw, const krw_t op)
{
	uintptr_t owner, incr, need_wait, set_wait, curthread, next;
	struct cpu_info *ci;
	turnstile_t *ts;
	int queue;
	lwp_t *l;
	LOCKSTAT_TIMER(slptime);
	LOCKSTAT_TIMER(slpcnt);
	LOCKSTAT_TIMER(spintime);
	LOCKSTAT_COUNTER(spincnt);
	LOCKSTAT_FLAG(lsflag);

	l = curlwp;
	curthread = (uintptr_t)l;

	RW_ASSERT(rw, !cpu_intr_p());
	RW_ASSERT(rw, curthread != 0);
	RW_WANTLOCK(rw, op, false);

	if (panicstr == NULL) {
		LOCKDEBUG_BARRIER(&kernel_lock, 1);
	}

	/*
	 * We play a slight trick here.  If we're a reader, we want
	 * increment the read count.  If we're a writer, we want to
	 * set the owner field and whe WRITE_LOCKED bit.
	 *
	 * In the latter case, we expect those bits to be zero,
	 * therefore we can use an add operation to set them, which
	 * means an add operation for both cases.
	 */
	if (__predict_true(op == RW_READER)) {
		incr = RW_READ_INCR;
		set_wait = RW_HAS_WAITERS;
		need_wait = RW_WRITE_LOCKED | RW_WRITE_WANTED;
		queue = TS_READER_Q;
	} else {
		RW_DASSERT(rw, op == RW_WRITER);
		incr = curthread | RW_WRITE_LOCKED;
		set_wait = RW_HAS_WAITERS | RW_WRITE_WANTED;
		need_wait = RW_WRITE_LOCKED | RW_THREAD;
		queue = TS_WRITER_Q;
	}

	LOCKSTAT_ENTER(lsflag);

	for (ci = NULL, owner = rw->rw_owner;;) {
		/*
		 * Read the lock owner field.  If the need-to-wait
		 * indicator is clear, then try to acquire the lock.
		 */
		if ((owner & need_wait) == 0) {
			next = rw_cas(rw, owner, (owner + incr) &
			    ~RW_WRITE_WANTED);
			if (__predict_true(next == owner)) {
				/* Got it! */
				membar_enter();
				break;
			}

			/*
			 * Didn't get it -- spin around again (we'll
			 * probably sleep on the next iteration).
			 */
			owner = next;
			continue;
		}

		if (__predict_false(panicstr != NULL))
			return;
		if (__predict_false(RW_OWNER(rw) == curthread))
			rw_abort(rw, __func__, "locking against myself");

		/*
		 * If the lock owner is running on another CPU, and
		 * there are no existing waiters, then spin.
		 */
		if (rw_onproc(owner, &ci)) {
			LOCKSTAT_START_TIMER(lsflag, spintime);
			u_int count = SPINLOCK_BACKOFF_MIN;
			do {
				SPINLOCK_BACKOFF(count);
				owner = rw->rw_owner;
			} while (rw_onproc(owner, &ci));
			LOCKSTAT_STOP_TIMER(lsflag, spintime);
			LOCKSTAT_COUNT(spincnt, 1);
			if ((owner & need_wait) == 0)
				continue;
		}

		/*
		 * Grab the turnstile chain lock.  Once we have that, we
		 * can adjust the waiter bits and sleep queue.
		 */
		ts = turnstile_lookup(rw);

		/*
		 * Mark the rwlock as having waiters.  If the set fails,
		 * then we may not need to sleep and should spin again.
		 * Reload rw_owner because turnstile_lookup() may have
		 * spun on the turnstile chain lock.
		 */
		owner = rw->rw_owner;
		if ((owner & need_wait) == 0 || rw_onproc(owner, &ci)) {
			turnstile_exit(rw);
			continue;
		}
		next = rw_cas(rw, owner, owner | set_wait);
		if (__predict_false(next != owner)) {
			turnstile_exit(rw);
			owner = next;
			continue;
		}

		LOCKSTAT_START_TIMER(lsflag, slptime);
		turnstile_block(ts, queue, rw, &rw_syncobj);
		LOCKSTAT_STOP_TIMER(lsflag, slptime);
		LOCKSTAT_COUNT(slpcnt, 1);

		/*
		 * No need for a memory barrier because of context switch.
		 * If not handed the lock, then spin again.
		 */
		if (op == RW_READER || (rw->rw_owner & RW_THREAD) == curthread)
			break;
	}

	LOCKSTAT_EVENT(lsflag, rw, LB_RWLOCK |
	    (op == RW_WRITER ? LB_SLEEP1 : LB_SLEEP2), slpcnt, slptime);
	LOCKSTAT_EVENT(lsflag, rw, LB_RWLOCK | LB_SPIN, spincnt, spintime);
	LOCKSTAT_EXIT(lsflag);

	RW_DASSERT(rw, (op != RW_READER && RW_OWNER(rw) == curthread) ||
	    (op == RW_READER && RW_COUNT(rw) != 0));
	RW_LOCKED(rw, op);
}

/*
 * rw_vector_exit:
 *
 *	Release a rwlock.
 */
void
rw_vector_exit(krwlock_t *rw)
{
	uintptr_t curthread, owner, decr, new, next;
	turnstile_t *ts;
	int rcnt, wcnt;
	lwp_t *l;

	curthread = (uintptr_t)curlwp;
	RW_ASSERT(rw, curthread != 0);

	if (__predict_false(panicstr != NULL))
		return;

	/*
	 * Again, we use a trick.  Since we used an add operation to
	 * set the required lock bits, we can use a subtract to clear
	 * them, which makes the read-release and write-release path
	 * the same.
	 */
	owner = rw->rw_owner;
	if (__predict_false((owner & RW_WRITE_LOCKED) != 0)) {
		RW_UNLOCKED(rw, RW_WRITER);
		RW_ASSERT(rw, RW_OWNER(rw) == curthread);
		decr = curthread | RW_WRITE_LOCKED;
	} else {
		RW_UNLOCKED(rw, RW_READER);
		RW_ASSERT(rw, RW_COUNT(rw) != 0);
		decr = RW_READ_INCR;
	}

	/*
	 * Compute what we expect the new value of the lock to be. Only
	 * proceed to do direct handoff if there are waiters, and if the
	 * lock would become unowned.
	 */
	membar_exit();
	for (;;) {
		new = (owner - decr);
		if ((new & (RW_THREAD | RW_HAS_WAITERS)) == RW_HAS_WAITERS)
			break;
		next = rw_cas(rw, owner, new);
		if (__predict_true(next == owner))
			return;
		owner = next;
	}

	/*
	 * Grab the turnstile chain lock.  This gets the interlock
	 * on the sleep queue.  Once we have that, we can adjust the
	 * waiter bits.
	 */
	ts = turnstile_lookup(rw);
	owner = rw->rw_owner;
	RW_DASSERT(rw, ts != NULL);
	RW_DASSERT(rw, (owner & RW_HAS_WAITERS) != 0);

	wcnt = TS_WAITERS(ts, TS_WRITER_Q);
	rcnt = TS_WAITERS(ts, TS_READER_Q);

	/*
	 * Give the lock away.
	 *
	 * If we are releasing a write lock, then prefer to wake all
	 * outstanding readers.  Otherwise, wake one writer if there
	 * are outstanding readers, or all writers if there are no
	 * pending readers.  If waking one specific writer, the writer
	 * is handed the lock here.  If waking multiple writers, we
	 * set WRITE_WANTED to block out new readers, and let them
	 * do the work of acquring the lock in rw_vector_enter().
	 */
	if (rcnt == 0 || decr == RW_READ_INCR) {
		RW_DASSERT(rw, wcnt != 0);
		RW_DASSERT(rw, (owner & RW_WRITE_WANTED) != 0);

		if (rcnt != 0) {
			/* Give the lock to the longest waiting writer. */
			l = TS_FIRST(ts, TS_WRITER_Q);
			new = (uintptr_t)l | RW_WRITE_LOCKED | RW_HAS_WAITERS;
			if (wcnt > 1)
				new |= RW_WRITE_WANTED;
			rw_swap(rw, owner, new);
			turnstile_wakeup(ts, TS_WRITER_Q, 1, l);
		} else {
			/* Wake all writers and let them fight it out. */
			rw_swap(rw, owner, RW_WRITE_WANTED);
			turnstile_wakeup(ts, TS_WRITER_Q, wcnt, NULL);
		}
	} else {
		RW_DASSERT(rw, rcnt != 0);

		/*
		 * Give the lock to all blocked readers.  If there
		 * is a writer waiting, new readers that arrive
		 * after the release will be blocked out.
		 */
		new = rcnt << RW_READ_COUNT_SHIFT;
		if (wcnt != 0)
			new |= RW_HAS_WAITERS | RW_WRITE_WANTED;

		/* Wake up all sleeping readers. */
		rw_swap(rw, owner, new);
		turnstile_wakeup(ts, TS_READER_Q, rcnt, NULL);
	}
}

/*
 * rw_vector_tryenter:
 *
 *	Try to acquire a rwlock.
 */
int
rw_vector_tryenter(krwlock_t *rw, const krw_t op)
{
	uintptr_t curthread, owner, incr, need_wait, next;

	curthread = (uintptr_t)curlwp;

	RW_ASSERT(rw, curthread != 0);

	if (op == RW_READER) {
		incr = RW_READ_INCR;
		need_wait = RW_WRITE_LOCKED | RW_WRITE_WANTED;
	} else {
		RW_DASSERT(rw, op == RW_WRITER);
		incr = curthread | RW_WRITE_LOCKED;
		need_wait = RW_WRITE_LOCKED | RW_THREAD;
	}

	for (owner = rw->rw_owner;; owner = next) {
		owner = rw->rw_owner;
		if (__predict_false((owner & need_wait) != 0))
			return 0;
		next = rw_cas(rw, owner, owner + incr);
		if (__predict_true(next == owner)) {
			/* Got it! */
			membar_enter();
			break;
		}
	}

	RW_WANTLOCK(rw, op, true);
	RW_LOCKED(rw, op);
	RW_DASSERT(rw, (op != RW_READER && RW_OWNER(rw) == curthread) ||
	    (op == RW_READER && RW_COUNT(rw) != 0));

	return 1;
}

/*
 * rw_downgrade:
 *
 *	Downgrade a write lock to a read lock.
 */
void
rw_downgrade(krwlock_t *rw)
{
	uintptr_t owner, curthread, new, next;
	turnstile_t *ts;
	int rcnt, wcnt;

	curthread = (uintptr_t)curlwp;
	RW_ASSERT(rw, curthread != 0);
	RW_DASSERT(rw, (rw->rw_owner & RW_WRITE_LOCKED) != 0);
	RW_ASSERT(rw, RW_OWNER(rw) == curthread);
	RW_UNLOCKED(rw, RW_WRITER);

	membar_producer();
	owner = rw->rw_owner;
	if ((owner & RW_HAS_WAITERS) == 0) {
		/*
		 * There are no waiters, so we can do this the easy way.
		 * Try swapping us down to one read hold.  If it fails, the
		 * lock condition has changed and we most likely now have
		 * waiters.
		 */
		next = rw_cas(rw, owner, RW_READ_INCR);
		if (__predict_true(next == owner)) {
			RW_LOCKED(rw, RW_READER);
			RW_DASSERT(rw, (rw->rw_owner & RW_WRITE_LOCKED) == 0);
			RW_DASSERT(rw, RW_COUNT(rw) != 0);
			return;
		}
		owner = next;
	}

	/*
	 * Grab the turnstile chain lock.  This gets the interlock
	 * on the sleep queue.  Once we have that, we can adjust the
	 * waiter bits.
	 */
	for (;; owner = next) {
		ts = turnstile_lookup(rw);
		RW_DASSERT(rw, ts != NULL);

		rcnt = TS_WAITERS(ts, TS_READER_Q);
		wcnt = TS_WAITERS(ts, TS_WRITER_Q);

		/*
		 * If there are no readers, just preserve the waiters
		 * bits, swap us down to one read hold and return.
		 */
		if (rcnt == 0) {
			RW_DASSERT(rw, wcnt != 0);
			RW_DASSERT(rw, (rw->rw_owner & RW_WRITE_WANTED) != 0);
			RW_DASSERT(rw, (rw->rw_owner & RW_HAS_WAITERS) != 0);

			new = RW_READ_INCR | RW_HAS_WAITERS | RW_WRITE_WANTED;
			next = rw_cas(rw, owner, new);
			turnstile_exit(rw);
			if (__predict_true(next == owner))
				break;
		} else {
			/*
			 * Give the lock to all blocked readers.  We may
			 * retain one read hold if downgrading.  If there
			 * is a writer waiting, new readers will be blocked
			 * out.
			 */
			new = (rcnt << RW_READ_COUNT_SHIFT) + RW_READ_INCR;
			if (wcnt != 0)
				new |= RW_HAS_WAITERS | RW_WRITE_WANTED;

			next = rw_cas(rw, owner, new);
			if (__predict_true(next == owner)) {
				/* Wake up all sleeping readers. */
				turnstile_wakeup(ts, TS_READER_Q, rcnt, NULL);
				break;
			}
			turnstile_exit(rw);
		}
	}

	RW_WANTLOCK(rw, RW_READER, false);
	RW_LOCKED(rw, RW_READER);
	RW_DASSERT(rw, (rw->rw_owner & RW_WRITE_LOCKED) == 0);
	RW_DASSERT(rw, RW_COUNT(rw) != 0);
}

/*
 * rw_tryupgrade:
 *
 *	Try to upgrade a read lock to a write lock.  We must be the
 *	only reader.
 */
int
rw_tryupgrade(krwlock_t *rw)
{
	uintptr_t owner, curthread, new, next;

	curthread = (uintptr_t)curlwp;
	RW_ASSERT(rw, curthread != 0);
	RW_ASSERT(rw, rw_read_held(rw));

	for (owner = rw->rw_owner;; owner = next) {
		RW_ASSERT(rw, (owner & RW_WRITE_LOCKED) == 0);
		if (__predict_false((owner & RW_THREAD) != RW_READ_INCR)) {
			RW_ASSERT(rw, (owner & RW_THREAD) != 0);
			return 0;
		}
		new = curthread | RW_WRITE_LOCKED | (owner & ~RW_THREAD);
		next = rw_cas(rw, owner, new);
		if (__predict_true(next == owner)) {
			membar_producer();
			break;
		}
	}

	RW_UNLOCKED(rw, RW_READER);
	RW_WANTLOCK(rw, RW_WRITER, true);
	RW_LOCKED(rw, RW_WRITER);
	RW_DASSERT(rw, rw->rw_owner & RW_WRITE_LOCKED);
	RW_DASSERT(rw, RW_OWNER(rw) == curthread);

	return 1;
}

/*
 * rw_read_held:
 *
 *	Returns true if the rwlock is held for reading.  Must only be
 *	used for diagnostic assertions, and never be used to make
 * 	decisions about how to use a rwlock.
 */
int
rw_read_held(krwlock_t *rw)
{
	uintptr_t owner;

	if (panicstr != NULL)
		return 1;
	if (rw == NULL)
		return 0;
	owner = rw->rw_owner;
	return (owner & RW_WRITE_LOCKED) == 0 && (owner & RW_THREAD) != 0;
}

/*
 * rw_write_held:
 *
 *	Returns true if the rwlock is held for writing.  Must only be
 *	used for diagnostic assertions, and never be used to make
 *	decisions about how to use a rwlock.
 */
int
rw_write_held(krwlock_t *rw)
{

	if (panicstr != NULL)
		return 1;
	if (rw == NULL)
		return 0;
	return (rw->rw_owner & (RW_WRITE_LOCKED | RW_THREAD)) ==
	    (RW_WRITE_LOCKED | (uintptr_t)curlwp);
}

/*
 * rw_lock_held:
 *
 *	Returns true if the rwlock is held for reading or writing.  Must
 *	only be used for diagnostic assertions, and never be used to make
 *	decisions about how to use a rwlock.
 */
int
rw_lock_held(krwlock_t *rw)
{

	if (panicstr != NULL)
		return 1;
	if (rw == NULL)
		return 0;
	return (rw->rw_owner & RW_THREAD) != 0;
}

/*
 * rw_owner:
 *
 *	Return the current owner of an RW lock, but only if it is write
 *	held.  Used for priority inheritance.
 */
static lwp_t *
rw_owner(wchan_t obj)
{
	krwlock_t *rw = (void *)(uintptr_t)obj; /* discard qualifiers */
	uintptr_t owner = rw->rw_owner;

	if ((owner & RW_WRITE_LOCKED) == 0)
		return NULL;

	return (void *)(owner & RW_THREAD);
}

/*
 * rw_obj_init:
 *
 *	Initialize the rw object store.
 */
void
rw_obj_init(void)
{

	rw_obj_cache = pool_cache_init(sizeof(struct krwobj),
	    coherency_unit, 0, 0, "rwlock", NULL, IPL_NONE, rw_obj_ctor,
	    NULL, NULL);
}

/*
 * rw_obj_ctor:
 *
 *	Initialize a new lock for the cache.
 */
static int
rw_obj_ctor(void *arg, void *obj, int flags)
{
	struct krwobj * ro = obj;

	ro->ro_magic = RW_OBJ_MAGIC;

	return 0;
}

/*
 * rw_obj_alloc:
 *
 *	Allocate a single lock object.
 */
krwlock_t *
rw_obj_alloc(void)
{
	struct krwobj *ro;

	ro = pool_cache_get(rw_obj_cache, PR_WAITOK);
	rw_init(&ro->ro_lock);
	ro->ro_refcnt = 1;

	return (krwlock_t *)ro;
}

/*
 * rw_obj_hold:
 *
 *	Add a single reference to a lock object.  A reference to the object
 *	must already be held, and must be held across this call.
 */
void
rw_obj_hold(krwlock_t *lock)
{
	struct krwobj *ro = (struct krwobj *)lock;

	KASSERT(ro->ro_magic == RW_OBJ_MAGIC);
	KASSERT(ro->ro_refcnt > 0);

	atomic_inc_uint(&ro->ro_refcnt);
}

/*
 * rw_obj_free:
 *
 *	Drop a reference from a lock object.  If the last reference is being
 *	dropped, free the object and return true.  Otherwise, return false.
 */
bool
rw_obj_free(krwlock_t *lock)
{
	struct krwobj *ro = (struct krwobj *)lock;

	KASSERT(ro->ro_magic == RW_OBJ_MAGIC);
	KASSERT(ro->ro_refcnt > 0);

	if (atomic_dec_uint_nv(&ro->ro_refcnt) > 0) {
		return false;
	}
	rw_destroy(&ro->ro_lock);
	pool_cache_put(rw_obj_cache, ro);
	return true;
}