xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/kern_physio.c (revision 946379e7b37692fc43f68eb0d1c10daa0a7f3b6c)
1 /*	$NetBSD: kern_physio.c,v 1.93 2015/04/21 10:54:52 pooka Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1990, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
7  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
8  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
9  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
10  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
21  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
22  *    without specific prior written permission.
23  *
24  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
25  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
26  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
27  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
28  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
29  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
30  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
31  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
32  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
33  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
34  * SUCH DAMAGE.
35  *
36  *	@(#)kern_physio.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/10/93
37  */
38 
39 /*-
40  * Copyright (c) 1994 Christopher G. Demetriou
41  *
42  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
43  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
44  * are met:
45  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
46  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
47  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
48  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
49  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
50  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
51  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
52  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
53  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
54  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
55  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
56  *    without specific prior written permission.
57  *
58  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
59  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
60  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
61  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
62  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
63  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
64  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
65  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
66  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
67  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
68  * SUCH DAMAGE.
69  *
70  *	@(#)kern_physio.c	8.1 (Berkeley) 6/10/93
71  */
72 
73 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
74 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: kern_physio.c,v 1.93 2015/04/21 10:54:52 pooka Exp $");
75 
76 #include <sys/param.h>
77 #include <sys/systm.h>
78 #include <sys/buf.h>
79 #include <sys/proc.h>
80 #include <sys/once.h>
81 #include <sys/workqueue.h>
82 #include <sys/kmem.h>
83 
84 #include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
85 
86 ONCE_DECL(physio_initialized);
87 struct workqueue *physio_workqueue;
88 
89 int physio_concurrency = 16;
90 
91 /* #define	PHYSIO_DEBUG */
92 #if defined(PHYSIO_DEBUG)
93 #define	DPRINTF(a)	printf a
94 #else /* defined(PHYSIO_DEBUG) */
95 #define	DPRINTF(a)	/* nothing */
96 #endif /* defined(PHYSIO_DEBUG) */
97 
98 struct physio_stat {
99 	int ps_running;
100 	int ps_error;
101 	int ps_failed;
102 	off_t ps_endoffset;
103 	buf_t *ps_orig_bp;
104 	kmutex_t ps_lock;
105 	kcondvar_t ps_cv;
106 };
107 
108 static void
109 physio_done(struct work *wk, void *dummy)
110 {
111 	struct buf *bp = (void *)wk;
112 	size_t todo = bp->b_bufsize;
113 	size_t done = bp->b_bcount - bp->b_resid;
114 	struct physio_stat *ps = bp->b_private;
115 	bool is_iobuf;
116 
117 	KASSERT(&bp->b_work == wk);
118 	KASSERT(bp->b_bcount <= todo);
119 	KASSERT(bp->b_resid <= bp->b_bcount);
120 	KASSERT((bp->b_flags & B_PHYS) != 0);
121 	KASSERT(dummy == NULL);
122 
123 	vunmapbuf(bp, todo);
124 	uvm_vsunlock(bp->b_proc->p_vmspace, bp->b_data, todo);
125 
126 	mutex_enter(&ps->ps_lock);
127 	is_iobuf = (bp != ps->ps_orig_bp);
128 	if (__predict_false(done != todo)) {
129 		off_t endoffset = dbtob(bp->b_blkno) + done;
130 
131 		/*
132 		 * we got an error or hit EOM.
133 		 *
134 		 * we only care about the first one.
135 		 * ie. the one at the lowest offset.
136 		 */
137 
138 		KASSERT(ps->ps_endoffset != endoffset);
139 		DPRINTF(("%s: error=%d at %" PRIu64 " - %" PRIu64
140 		    ", blkno=%" PRIu64 ", bcount=%d, flags=0x%x\n",
141 		    __func__, bp->b_error, dbtob(bp->b_blkno), endoffset,
142 		    bp->b_blkno, bp->b_bcount, bp->b_flags));
143 
144 		if (ps->ps_endoffset == -1 || endoffset < ps->ps_endoffset) {
145 			DPRINTF(("%s: ps=%p, error %d -> %d, endoff %" PRIu64
146 			    " -> %" PRIu64 "\n",
147 			    __func__, ps,
148 			    ps->ps_error, bp->b_error,
149 			    ps->ps_endoffset, endoffset));
150 
151 			ps->ps_endoffset = endoffset;
152 			ps->ps_error = bp->b_error;
153 		}
154 		ps->ps_failed++;
155 	} else {
156 		KASSERT(bp->b_error == 0);
157 	}
158 
159 	ps->ps_running--;
160 	cv_signal(&ps->ps_cv);
161 	mutex_exit(&ps->ps_lock);
162 
163 	if (is_iobuf)
164 		putiobuf(bp);
165 }
166 
167 static void
168 physio_biodone(struct buf *bp)
169 {
170 #if defined(DIAGNOSTIC)
171 	struct physio_stat *ps = bp->b_private;
172 	size_t todo = bp->b_bufsize;
173 	size_t done = bp->b_bcount - bp->b_resid;
174 
175 	KASSERT(ps->ps_running > 0);
176 	KASSERT(bp->b_bcount <= todo);
177 	KASSERT(bp->b_resid <= bp->b_bcount);
178 	if (done == todo)
179 		KASSERT(bp->b_error == 0);
180 #endif /* defined(DIAGNOSTIC) */
181 
182 	workqueue_enqueue(physio_workqueue, &bp->b_work, NULL);
183 }
184 
185 static void
186 physio_wait(struct physio_stat *ps, int n)
187 {
188 
189 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&ps->ps_lock));
190 
191 	while (ps->ps_running > n)
192 		cv_wait(&ps->ps_cv, &ps->ps_lock);
193 }
194 
195 static int
196 physio_init(void)
197 {
198 	int error;
199 
200 	KASSERT(physio_workqueue == NULL);
201 
202 	error = workqueue_create(&physio_workqueue, "physiod",
203 	    physio_done, NULL, PRI_BIO, IPL_BIO, WQ_MPSAFE);
204 
205 	return error;
206 }
207 
208 /*
209  * Do "physical I/O" on behalf of a user.  "Physical I/O" is I/O directly
210  * from the raw device to user buffers, and bypasses the buffer cache.
211  */
212 int
213 physio(void (*strategy)(struct buf *), struct buf *obp, dev_t dev, int flags,
214     void (*min_phys)(struct buf *), struct uio *uio)
215 {
216 	struct iovec *iovp;
217 	struct lwp *l = curlwp;
218 	struct proc *p = l->l_proc;
219 	int i, error;
220 	struct buf *bp = NULL;
221 	struct physio_stat *ps;
222 	int concurrency = physio_concurrency - 1;
223 
224 	error = RUN_ONCE(&physio_initialized, physio_init);
225 	if (__predict_false(error != 0)) {
226 		return error;
227 	}
228 
229 	DPRINTF(("%s: called: off=%" PRIu64 ", resid=%zu\n",
230 	    __func__, uio->uio_offset, uio->uio_resid));
231 
232 	flags &= B_READ | B_WRITE;
233 
234 	ps = kmem_zalloc(sizeof(*ps), KM_SLEEP);
235 	/* ps->ps_running = 0; */
236 	/* ps->ps_error = 0; */
237 	/* ps->ps_failed = 0; */
238 	ps->ps_orig_bp = obp;
239 	ps->ps_endoffset = -1;
240 	mutex_init(&ps->ps_lock, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
241 	cv_init(&ps->ps_cv, "physio");
242 
243 	/* Make sure we have a buffer, creating one if necessary. */
244 	if (obp != NULL) {
245 		mutex_enter(&bufcache_lock);
246 		/* Mark it busy, so nobody else will use it. */
247 		while (bbusy(obp, false, 0, NULL) == EPASSTHROUGH)
248 			;
249 		mutex_exit(&bufcache_lock);
250 		concurrency = 0; /* see "XXXkludge" comment below */
251 	}
252 
253 	for (i = 0; i < uio->uio_iovcnt; i++) {
254 		bool sync = true;
255 
256 		iovp = &uio->uio_iov[i];
257 		while (iovp->iov_len > 0) {
258 			size_t todo;
259 			vaddr_t endp;
260 
261 			mutex_enter(&ps->ps_lock);
262 			if (ps->ps_failed != 0) {
263 				goto done_locked;
264 			}
265 			physio_wait(ps, sync ? 0 : concurrency);
266 			mutex_exit(&ps->ps_lock);
267 			if (obp != NULL) {
268 				/*
269 				 * XXXkludge
270 				 * some drivers use "obp" as an identifier.
271 				 */
272 				bp = obp;
273 			} else {
274 				bp = getiobuf(NULL, true);
275 				bp->b_cflags = BC_BUSY;
276 			}
277 			bp->b_dev = dev;
278 			bp->b_proc = p;
279 			bp->b_private = ps;
280 
281 			/*
282 			 * Mrk the buffer busy for physical I/O.  Also set
283 			 * B_PHYS because it's an I/O to user memory, and
284 			 * B_RAW because B_RAW is to be "set by physio for
285 			 * raw transfers".
286 			 */
287 			bp->b_oflags = 0;
288 			bp->b_cflags = BC_BUSY;
289 			bp->b_flags = flags | B_PHYS | B_RAW;
290 			bp->b_iodone = physio_biodone;
291 
292 			/* Set up the buffer for a maximum-sized transfer. */
293 			bp->b_blkno = btodb(uio->uio_offset);
294 			if (dbtob(bp->b_blkno) != uio->uio_offset) {
295 				error = EINVAL;
296 				goto done;
297 			}
298 			bp->b_bcount = MIN(MAXPHYS, iovp->iov_len);
299 			bp->b_data = iovp->iov_base;
300 
301 			/*
302 			 * Call minphys to bound the transfer size,
303 			 * and remember the amount of data to transfer,
304 			 * for later comparison.
305 			 */
306 			(*min_phys)(bp);
307 			todo = bp->b_bufsize = bp->b_bcount;
308 #if defined(DIAGNOSTIC)
309 			if (todo > MAXPHYS)
310 				panic("todo(%zu) > MAXPHYS; minphys broken",
311 				    todo);
312 #endif /* defined(DIAGNOSTIC) */
313 
314 			sync = false;
315 			endp = (vaddr_t)bp->b_data + todo;
316 			if (trunc_page(endp) != endp) {
317 				/*
318 				 * Following requests can overlap.
319 				 * note that uvm_vslock does round_page.
320 				 */
321 				sync = true;
322 			}
323 
324 			/*
325 			 * Lock the part of the user address space involved
326 			 * in the transfer.
327 			 */
328 			error = uvm_vslock(p->p_vmspace, bp->b_data, todo,
329 			    (flags & B_READ) ?  VM_PROT_WRITE : VM_PROT_READ);
330 			if (error) {
331 				goto done;
332 			}
333 
334 			/*
335 			 * Beware vmapbuf(); if succesful it clobbers
336 			 * b_data and saves it in b_saveaddr.
337 			 * However, vunmapbuf() restores b_data.
338 			 */
339 			if ((error = vmapbuf(bp, todo)) != 0) {
340 				uvm_vsunlock(p->p_vmspace, bp->b_data, todo);
341 				goto done;
342 			}
343 
344 			BIO_SETPRIO(bp, BPRIO_TIMECRITICAL);
345 
346 			mutex_enter(&ps->ps_lock);
347 			ps->ps_running++;
348 			mutex_exit(&ps->ps_lock);
349 
350 			/* Call strategy to start the transfer. */
351 			(*strategy)(bp);
352 			bp = NULL;
353 
354 			iovp->iov_len -= todo;
355 			iovp->iov_base = (char *)iovp->iov_base + todo;
356 			uio->uio_offset += todo;
357 			uio->uio_resid -= todo;
358 		}
359 	}
360 
361 done:
362 	mutex_enter(&ps->ps_lock);
363 done_locked:
364 	physio_wait(ps, 0);
365 	mutex_exit(&ps->ps_lock);
366 
367 	if (ps->ps_failed != 0) {
368 		off_t delta;
369 
370 		delta = uio->uio_offset - ps->ps_endoffset;
371 		KASSERT(delta > 0);
372 		uio->uio_resid += delta;
373 		/* uio->uio_offset = ps->ps_endoffset; */
374 	} else {
375 		KASSERT(ps->ps_endoffset == -1);
376 	}
377 	if (bp != NULL && bp != obp) {
378 		putiobuf(bp);
379 	}
380 	if (error == 0) {
381 		error = ps->ps_error;
382 	}
383 	mutex_destroy(&ps->ps_lock);
384 	cv_destroy(&ps->ps_cv);
385 	kmem_free(ps, sizeof(*ps));
386 
387 	/*
388 	 * Clean up the state of the buffer.  Remember if somebody wants
389 	 * it, so we can wake them up below.  Also, if we had to steal it,
390 	 * give it back.
391 	 */
392 	if (obp != NULL) {
393 		KASSERT((obp->b_cflags & BC_BUSY) != 0);
394 
395 		/*
396 		 * If another process is waiting for the raw I/O buffer,
397 		 * wake up processes waiting to do physical I/O;
398 		 */
399 		mutex_enter(&bufcache_lock);
400 		obp->b_cflags &= ~(BC_BUSY | BC_WANTED);
401 		obp->b_flags &= ~(B_PHYS | B_RAW);
402 		obp->b_iodone = NULL;
403 		cv_broadcast(&obp->b_busy);
404 		mutex_exit(&bufcache_lock);
405 	}
406 
407 	DPRINTF(("%s: done: off=%" PRIu64 ", resid=%zu\n",
408 	    __func__, uio->uio_offset, uio->uio_resid));
409 
410 	return error;
411 }
412 
413 /*
414  * A minphys() routine is called by physio() to adjust the size of each
415  * I/O transfer before the latter is passed to the strategy routine.
416  *
417  * This minphys() is a default that must be called to enforce limits
418  * that are applicable to all devices, because of limitations in the
419  * kernel or the hardware platform.
420  */
421 void
422 minphys(struct buf *bp)
423 {
424 
425 	if (bp->b_bcount > MAXPHYS)
426 		bp->b_bcount = MAXPHYS;
427 }
428