xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/kern_module.c (revision 62a8debe1dc62962e18a1c918def78666141273b)
1 /*	$NetBSD: kern_module.c,v 1.60 2010/03/05 20:10:05 pooka Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2008 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software developed for The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Andrew Doran.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 /*
33  * Kernel module support.
34  */
35 
36 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
37 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: kern_module.c,v 1.60 2010/03/05 20:10:05 pooka Exp $");
38 
39 #define _MODULE_INTERNAL
40 
41 #ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
42 #include "opt_ddb.h"
43 #include "opt_modular.h"
44 #endif
45 
46 #include <sys/param.h>
47 #include <sys/systm.h>
48 #include <sys/kernel.h>
49 #include <sys/proc.h>
50 #include <sys/kauth.h>
51 #include <sys/kobj.h>
52 #include <sys/kmem.h>
53 #include <sys/module.h>
54 #include <sys/kauth.h>
55 #include <sys/kthread.h>
56 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
57 #include <sys/lock.h>
58 
59 #include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
60 
61 #include <machine/stdarg.h>
62 
63 struct vm_map *module_map;
64 char	module_base[MODULE_BASE_SIZE];
65 
66 struct modlist        module_list = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(module_list);
67 struct modlist        module_builtins = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(module_builtins);
68 static struct modlist module_bootlist = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(module_bootlist);
69 
70 static module_t	*module_active;
71 static int	module_verbose_on;
72 static int	module_autoload_on = 1;
73 u_int		module_count;
74 u_int		module_builtinlist;
75 kmutex_t	module_lock;
76 u_int		module_autotime = 10;
77 u_int		module_gen = 1;
78 static kcondvar_t module_thread_cv;
79 static kmutex_t module_thread_lock;
80 static int	module_thread_ticks;
81 
82 static kauth_listener_t	module_listener;
83 
84 /* Ensure that the kernel's link set isn't empty. */
85 static modinfo_t module_dummy;
86 __link_set_add_rodata(modules, module_dummy);
87 
88 static int	module_do_load(const char *, bool, int, prop_dictionary_t,
89 		    module_t **, modclass_t class, bool);
90 static int	module_do_unload(const char *);
91 static int	module_do_builtin(const char *, module_t **);
92 static int	module_fetch_info(module_t *);
93 static void	module_thread(void *);
94 
95 static module_t	*module_lookup(const char *);
96 static void	module_enqueue(module_t *);
97 
98 static bool	module_merge_dicts(prop_dictionary_t, const prop_dictionary_t);
99 
100 int		module_eopnotsupp(void);
101 
102 int
103 module_eopnotsupp(void)
104 {
105 
106 	return EOPNOTSUPP;
107 }
108 __weak_alias(module_load_vfs,module_eopnotsupp);
109 
110 /*
111  * module_error:
112  *
113  *	Utility function: log an error.
114  */
115 void
116 module_error(const char *fmt, ...)
117 {
118 	va_list ap;
119 
120 	va_start(ap, fmt);
121 	printf("WARNING: module error: ");
122 	vprintf(fmt, ap);
123 	printf("\n");
124 	va_end(ap);
125 }
126 
127 /*
128  * module_print:
129  *
130  *	Utility function: log verbose output.
131  */
132 void
133 module_print(const char *fmt, ...)
134 {
135 	va_list ap;
136 
137 	if (module_verbose_on) {
138 		va_start(ap, fmt);
139 		printf("DEBUG: module: ");
140 		vprintf(fmt, ap);
141 		printf("\n");
142 		va_end(ap);
143 	}
144 }
145 
146 static int
147 module_listener_cb(kauth_cred_t cred, kauth_action_t action, void *cookie,
148     void *arg0, void *arg1, void *arg2, void *arg3)
149 {
150 	int result;
151 
152 	result = KAUTH_RESULT_DEFER;
153 
154 	if (action != KAUTH_SYSTEM_MODULE)
155 		return result;
156 
157 	if ((uintptr_t)arg2 != 0)	/* autoload */
158 		result = KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW;
159 
160 	return result;
161 }
162 
163 /*
164  * Add modules to the builtin list.  This can done at boottime or
165  * at runtime if the module is linked into the kernel with an
166  * external linker.  All or none of the input will be handled.
167  * Optionally, the modules can be initialized.  If they are not
168  * initialized, module_init_class() or module_load() can be used
169  * later, but these are not guaranteed to give atomic results.
170  */
171 int
172 module_builtin_add(modinfo_t *const *mip, size_t nmodinfo, bool init)
173 {
174 	struct module **modp = NULL, *mod_iter;
175 	int rv = 0, i, mipskip;
176 
177 	if (init) {
178 		rv = kauth_authorize_system(kauth_cred_get(),
179 		    KAUTH_SYSTEM_MODULE, 0, (void *)(uintptr_t)MODCTL_LOAD,
180 		    (void *)(uintptr_t)1, NULL);
181 		if (rv) {
182 			return rv;
183 		}
184 	}
185 
186 	for (i = 0, mipskip = 0; i < nmodinfo; i++) {
187 		if (mip[i] == &module_dummy) {
188 			KASSERT(nmodinfo > 0);
189 			nmodinfo--;
190 		}
191 	}
192 	if (nmodinfo == 0)
193 		return 0;
194 
195 	modp = kmem_zalloc(sizeof(*modp) * nmodinfo, KM_SLEEP);
196 	for (i = 0, mipskip = 0; i < nmodinfo; i++) {
197 		if (mip[i+mipskip] == &module_dummy) {
198 			mipskip++;
199 			continue;
200 		}
201 		modp[i] = kmem_zalloc(sizeof(*modp[i]), KM_SLEEP);
202 		modp[i]->mod_info = mip[i+mipskip];
203 		modp[i]->mod_source = MODULE_SOURCE_KERNEL;
204 	}
205 	mutex_enter(&module_lock);
206 
207 	/* do this in three stages for error recovery and atomicity */
208 
209 	/* first check for presence */
210 	for (i = 0; i < nmodinfo; i++) {
211 		TAILQ_FOREACH(mod_iter, &module_builtins, mod_chain) {
212 			if (strcmp(mod_iter->mod_info->mi_name,
213 			    modp[i]->mod_info->mi_name) == 0)
214 				break;
215 		}
216 		if (mod_iter) {
217 			rv = EEXIST;
218 			goto out;
219 		}
220 
221 		if (module_lookup(modp[i]->mod_info->mi_name) != NULL) {
222 			rv = EEXIST;
223 			goto out;
224 		}
225 	}
226 
227 	/* then add to list */
228 	for (i = 0; i < nmodinfo; i++) {
229 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&module_builtins, modp[i], mod_chain);
230 		module_builtinlist++;
231 	}
232 
233 	/* finally, init (if required) */
234 	if (init) {
235 		for (i = 0; i < nmodinfo; i++) {
236 			rv = module_do_builtin(modp[i]->mod_info->mi_name,NULL);
237 			/* throw in the towel, recovery hard & not worth it */
238 			if (rv)
239 				panic("builtin module \"%s\" init failed: %d",
240 				    modp[i]->mod_info->mi_name, rv);
241 		}
242 	}
243 
244  out:
245 	mutex_exit(&module_lock);
246 	if (rv != 0) {
247 		for (i = 0; i < nmodinfo; i++) {
248 			if (modp[i])
249 				kmem_free(modp[i], sizeof(*modp[i]));
250 		}
251 	}
252 	kmem_free(modp, sizeof(*modp) * nmodinfo);
253 	return rv;
254 }
255 
256 /*
257  * Optionally fini and remove builtin module from the kernel.
258  * Note: the module will now be unreachable except via mi && builtin_add.
259  */
260 int
261 module_builtin_remove(modinfo_t *mi, bool fini)
262 {
263 	struct module *mod;
264 	int rv = 0;
265 
266 	if (fini) {
267 		rv = kauth_authorize_system(kauth_cred_get(),
268 		    KAUTH_SYSTEM_MODULE, 0, (void *)(uintptr_t)MODCTL_UNLOAD,
269 		    NULL, NULL);
270 		if (rv)
271 			return rv;
272 
273 		mutex_enter(&module_lock);
274 		rv = module_do_unload(mi->mi_name);
275 		if (rv) {
276 			goto out;
277 		}
278 	} else {
279 		mutex_enter(&module_lock);
280 	}
281 	TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_builtins, mod_chain) {
282 		if (strcmp(mod->mod_info->mi_name, mi->mi_name) == 0)
283 			break;
284 	}
285 	if (mod) {
286 		TAILQ_REMOVE(&module_builtins, mod, mod_chain);
287 		module_builtinlist--;
288 	} else {
289 		KASSERT(fini == false);
290 		rv = ENOENT;
291 	}
292 
293  out:
294 	mutex_exit(&module_lock);
295 	return rv;
296 }
297 
298 /*
299  * module_init:
300  *
301  *	Initialize the module subsystem.
302  */
303 void
304 module_init(void)
305 {
306 	__link_set_decl(modules, modinfo_t);
307 	extern struct vm_map *module_map;
308 	modinfo_t *const *mip;
309 	int rv;
310 
311 	if (module_map == NULL) {
312 		module_map = kernel_map;
313 	}
314 	mutex_init(&module_lock, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
315 	cv_init(&module_thread_cv, "modunload");
316 	mutex_init(&module_thread_lock, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
317 #ifdef MODULAR	/* XXX */
318 	module_init_md();
319 #endif
320 
321 #if __NetBSD_Version__ / 1000000 % 100 == 99	/* -current */
322 	snprintf(module_base, sizeof(module_base), "/stand/%s/%s/modules",
323 	    machine, osrelease);
324 #else						/* release */
325 	snprintf(module_base, sizeof(module_base), "/stand/%s/%d.%d/modules",
326 	    machine, __NetBSD_Version__ / 100000000,
327 	    __NetBSD_Version__ / 1000000 % 100);
328 #endif
329 
330 	module_listener = kauth_listen_scope(KAUTH_SCOPE_SYSTEM,
331 	    module_listener_cb, NULL);
332 
333 	__link_set_foreach(mip, modules) {
334 		if ((rv = module_builtin_add(mip, 1, false) != 0))
335 			module_error("builtin %s failed: %d\n",
336 			    (*mip)->mi_name, rv);
337 	}
338 }
339 
340 /*
341  * module_init2:
342  *
343  *	Start the auto unload kthread.
344  */
345 void
346 module_init2(void)
347 {
348 	int error;
349 
350 	error = kthread_create(PRI_VM, KTHREAD_MPSAFE, NULL, module_thread,
351 	    NULL, NULL, "modunload");
352 	if (error != 0)
353 		panic("module_init: %d", error);
354 }
355 
356 SYSCTL_SETUP(sysctl_module_setup, "sysctl module setup")
357 {
358 	const struct sysctlnode *node = NULL;
359 
360 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
361 		CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
362 		CTLTYPE_NODE, "kern", NULL,
363 		NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
364 		CTL_KERN, CTL_EOL);
365 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, &node,
366 		CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
367 		CTLTYPE_NODE, "module",
368 		SYSCTL_DESCR("Module options"),
369 		NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
370 		CTL_KERN, CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);
371 
372 	if (node == NULL)
373 		return;
374 
375 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, &node, NULL,
376 		CTLFLAG_PERMANENT | CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
377 		CTLTYPE_INT, "autoload",
378 		SYSCTL_DESCR("Enable automatic load of modules"),
379 		NULL, 0, &module_autoload_on, 0,
380 		CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);
381 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, &node, NULL,
382 		CTLFLAG_PERMANENT | CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
383 		CTLTYPE_INT, "verbose",
384 		SYSCTL_DESCR("Enable verbose output"),
385 		NULL, 0, &module_verbose_on, 0,
386 		CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);
387 }
388 
389 /*
390  * module_init_class:
391  *
392  *	Initialize all built-in and pre-loaded modules of the
393  *	specified class.
394  */
395 void
396 module_init_class(modclass_t class)
397 {
398 	module_t *mod;
399 	modinfo_t *mi;
400 
401 	mutex_enter(&module_lock);
402 	/*
403 	 * Builtins first.  These will not depend on pre-loaded modules
404 	 * (because the kernel would not link).
405 	 */
406 	do {
407 		TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_builtins, mod_chain) {
408 			mi = mod->mod_info;
409 			if (class != MODULE_CLASS_ANY && class != mi->mi_class)
410 				continue;
411 			(void)module_do_builtin(mi->mi_name, NULL);
412 			break;
413 		}
414 	} while (mod != NULL);
415 
416 	/*
417 	 * Now preloaded modules.  These will be pulled off the
418 	 * list as we call module_do_load();
419 	 */
420 	do {
421 		TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_bootlist, mod_chain) {
422 			mi = mod->mod_info;
423 			if (class != MODULE_CLASS_ANY && class != mi->mi_class)
424 				continue;
425 			module_do_load(mi->mi_name, false, 0, NULL, NULL,
426 			    class, false);
427 			break;
428 		}
429 	} while (mod != NULL);
430 	mutex_exit(&module_lock);
431 }
432 
433 /*
434  * module_compatible:
435  *
436  *	Return true if the two supplied kernel versions are said to
437  *	have the same binary interface for kernel code.  The entire
438  *	version is signficant for the development tree (-current),
439  *	major and minor versions are significant for official
440  *	releases of the system.
441  */
442 bool
443 module_compatible(int v1, int v2)
444 {
445 
446 #if __NetBSD_Version__ / 1000000 % 100 == 99	/* -current */
447 	return v1 == v2;
448 #else						/* release */
449 	return abs(v1 - v2) < 10000;
450 #endif
451 }
452 
453 /*
454  * module_load:
455  *
456  *	Load a single module from the file system.
457  */
458 int
459 module_load(const char *filename, int flags, prop_dictionary_t props,
460 	    modclass_t class)
461 {
462 	int error;
463 
464 	/* Authorize. */
465 	error = kauth_authorize_system(kauth_cred_get(), KAUTH_SYSTEM_MODULE,
466 	    0, (void *)(uintptr_t)MODCTL_LOAD, NULL, NULL);
467 	if (error != 0) {
468 		return error;
469 	}
470 
471 	mutex_enter(&module_lock);
472 	error = module_do_load(filename, false, flags, props, NULL, class,
473 	    false);
474 	mutex_exit(&module_lock);
475 
476 	return error;
477 }
478 
479 /*
480  * module_autoload:
481  *
482  *	Load a single module from the file system, system initiated.
483  */
484 int
485 module_autoload(const char *filename, modclass_t class)
486 {
487 	int error;
488 
489 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&module_lock));
490 
491 	/* Nothing if the user has disabled it. */
492 	if (!module_autoload_on) {
493 		return EPERM;
494 	}
495 
496         /* Disallow path separators and magic symlinks. */
497         if (strchr(filename, '/') != NULL || strchr(filename, '@') != NULL ||
498             strchr(filename, '.') != NULL) {
499         	return EPERM;
500 	}
501 
502 	/* Authorize. */
503 	error = kauth_authorize_system(kauth_cred_get(), KAUTH_SYSTEM_MODULE,
504 	    0, (void *)(uintptr_t)MODCTL_LOAD, (void *)(uintptr_t)1, NULL);
505 	if (error != 0) {
506 		return error;
507 	}
508 
509 	return module_do_load(filename, false, 0, NULL, NULL, class, true);
510 }
511 
512 /*
513  * module_unload:
514  *
515  *	Find and unload a module by name.
516  */
517 int
518 module_unload(const char *name)
519 {
520 	int error;
521 
522 	/* Authorize. */
523 	error = kauth_authorize_system(kauth_cred_get(), KAUTH_SYSTEM_MODULE,
524 	    0, (void *)(uintptr_t)MODCTL_UNLOAD, NULL, NULL);
525 	if (error != 0) {
526 		return error;
527 	}
528 
529 	mutex_enter(&module_lock);
530 	error = module_do_unload(name);
531 	mutex_exit(&module_lock);
532 
533 	return error;
534 }
535 
536 /*
537  * module_lookup:
538  *
539  *	Look up a module by name.
540  */
541 module_t *
542 module_lookup(const char *name)
543 {
544 	module_t *mod;
545 
546 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&module_lock));
547 
548 	TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_list, mod_chain) {
549 		if (strcmp(mod->mod_info->mi_name, name) == 0) {
550 			break;
551 		}
552 	}
553 
554 	return mod;
555 }
556 
557 /*
558  * module_hold:
559  *
560  *	Add a single reference to a module.  It's the caller's
561  *	responsibility to ensure that the reference is dropped
562  *	later.
563  */
564 int
565 module_hold(const char *name)
566 {
567 	module_t *mod;
568 
569 	mutex_enter(&module_lock);
570 	mod = module_lookup(name);
571 	if (mod == NULL) {
572 		mutex_exit(&module_lock);
573 		return ENOENT;
574 	}
575 	mod->mod_refcnt++;
576 	mutex_exit(&module_lock);
577 
578 	return 0;
579 }
580 
581 /*
582  * module_rele:
583  *
584  *	Release a reference acquired with module_hold().
585  */
586 void
587 module_rele(const char *name)
588 {
589 	module_t *mod;
590 
591 	mutex_enter(&module_lock);
592 	mod = module_lookup(name);
593 	if (mod == NULL) {
594 		mutex_exit(&module_lock);
595 		panic("module_rele: gone");
596 	}
597 	mod->mod_refcnt--;
598 	mutex_exit(&module_lock);
599 }
600 
601 /*
602  * module_enqueue:
603  *
604  *	Put a module onto the global list and update counters.
605  */
606 void
607 module_enqueue(module_t *mod)
608 {
609 	int i;
610 
611 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&module_lock));
612 
613 	/*
614 	 * If there are requisite modules, put at the head of the queue.
615 	 * This is so that autounload can unload requisite modules with
616 	 * only one pass through the queue.
617 	 */
618 	if (mod->mod_nrequired) {
619 		TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&module_list, mod, mod_chain);
620 
621 		/* Add references to the requisite modules. */
622 		for (i = 0; i < mod->mod_nrequired; i++) {
623 			KASSERT(mod->mod_required[i] != NULL);
624 			mod->mod_required[i]->mod_refcnt++;
625 		}
626 	} else {
627 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&module_list, mod, mod_chain);
628 	}
629 	module_count++;
630 	module_gen++;
631 }
632 
633 /*
634  * module_do_builtin:
635  *
636  *	Initialize a module from the list of modules that are
637  *	already linked into the kernel.
638  */
639 static int
640 module_do_builtin(const char *name, module_t **modp)
641 {
642 	const char *p, *s;
643 	char buf[MAXMODNAME];
644 	modinfo_t *mi = NULL;
645 	module_t *mod, *mod2, *mod_loaded;
646 	size_t len;
647 	int error;
648 
649 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&module_lock));
650 
651 	/*
652 	 * Search the list to see if we have a module by this name.
653 	 */
654 	TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_builtins, mod_chain) {
655 		if (strcmp(mod->mod_info->mi_name, name) == 0) {
656 			mi = mod->mod_info;
657 			break;
658 		}
659 	}
660 
661 	/*
662 	 * Check to see if already loaded.  This might happen if we
663 	 * were already loaded as a dependency.
664 	 */
665 	if ((mod_loaded = module_lookup(name)) != NULL) {
666 		KASSERT(mod == NULL);
667 		if (modp)
668 			*modp = mod_loaded;
669 		return 0;
670 	}
671 
672 	/* Note! This is from TAILQ, not immediate above */
673 	if (mi == NULL)
674 		panic("can't find `%s'", name);
675 
676 	/*
677 	 * Initialize pre-requisites.
678 	 */
679 	if (mi->mi_required != NULL) {
680 		for (s = mi->mi_required; *s != '\0'; s = p) {
681 			if (*s == ',')
682 				s++;
683 			p = s;
684 			while (*p != '\0' && *p != ',')
685 				p++;
686 			len = min(p - s + 1, sizeof(buf));
687 			strlcpy(buf, s, len);
688 			if (buf[0] == '\0')
689 				break;
690 			if (mod->mod_nrequired == MAXMODDEPS - 1) {
691 				module_error("too many required modules");
692 				return EINVAL;
693 			}
694 			error = module_do_builtin(buf, &mod2);
695 			if (error != 0) {
696 				return error;
697 			}
698 			mod->mod_required[mod->mod_nrequired++] = mod2;
699 		}
700 	}
701 
702 	/*
703 	 * Try to initialize the module.
704 	 */
705 	KASSERT(module_active == NULL);
706 	module_active = mod;
707 	error = (*mi->mi_modcmd)(MODULE_CMD_INIT, NULL);
708 	module_active = NULL;
709 	if (error != 0) {
710 		module_error("builtin module `%s' "
711 		    "failed to init", mi->mi_name);
712 		return error;
713 	}
714 
715 	/* load always succeeds after this point */
716 
717 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&module_builtins, mod, mod_chain);
718 	module_builtinlist--;
719 	if (modp != NULL) {
720 		*modp = mod;
721 	}
722 	if (mi->mi_class == MODULE_CLASS_SECMODEL)
723 		secmodel_register();
724 	module_enqueue(mod);
725 	return 0;
726 }
727 
728 /*
729  * module_do_load:
730  *
731  *	Helper routine: load a module from the file system, or one
732  *	pushed by the boot loader.
733  */
734 static int
735 module_do_load(const char *name, bool isdep, int flags,
736 	       prop_dictionary_t props, module_t **modp, modclass_t class,
737 	       bool autoload)
738 {
739 	static TAILQ_HEAD(,module) pending = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(pending);
740 	static int depth;
741 	const int maxdepth = 6;
742 	modinfo_t *mi;
743 	module_t *mod, *mod2;
744 	prop_dictionary_t filedict;
745 	char buf[MAXMODNAME];
746 	const char *s, *p;
747 	int error;
748 	size_t len;
749 
750 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&module_lock));
751 
752 	filedict = NULL;
753 	error = 0;
754 
755 	/*
756 	 * Avoid recursing too far.
757 	 */
758 	if (++depth > maxdepth) {
759 		module_error("too many required modules");
760 		depth--;
761 		return EMLINK;
762 	}
763 
764 	/*
765 	 * Search the list of disabled builtins first.
766 	 */
767 	TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_builtins, mod_chain) {
768 		if (strcmp(mod->mod_info->mi_name, name) == 0) {
769 			break;
770 		}
771 	}
772 	if (mod) {
773 		if ((flags & MODCTL_LOAD_FORCE) == 0) {
774 			module_error("use -f to reinstate "
775 			    "builtin module \"%s\"", name);
776 			depth--;
777 			return EPERM;
778 		} else {
779 			error = module_do_builtin(name, NULL);
780 			depth--;
781 			return error;
782 		}
783 	}
784 
785 	/*
786 	 * Load the module and link.  Before going to the file system,
787 	 * scan the list of modules loaded by the boot loader.
788 	 */
789 	TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_bootlist, mod_chain) {
790 		if (strcmp(mod->mod_info->mi_name, name) == 0) {
791 			TAILQ_REMOVE(&module_bootlist, mod, mod_chain);
792 			break;
793 		}
794 	}
795 	if (mod != NULL) {
796 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pending, mod, mod_chain);
797 	} else {
798 		/*
799 		 * If a requisite module, check to see if it is
800 		 * already present.
801 		 */
802 		if (isdep) {
803 			TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_list, mod_chain) {
804 				if (strcmp(mod->mod_info->mi_name, name) == 0) {
805 					break;
806 				}
807 			}
808 			if (mod != NULL) {
809 				if (modp != NULL) {
810 					*modp = mod;
811 				}
812 				depth--;
813 				return 0;
814 			}
815 		}
816 		mod = kmem_zalloc(sizeof(*mod), KM_SLEEP);
817 		if (mod == NULL) {
818 			module_error("out of memory for `%s'", name);
819 			depth--;
820 			return ENOMEM;
821 		}
822 
823 		error = module_load_vfs(name, flags, autoload, mod, &filedict);
824 		if (error != 0) {
825 			kmem_free(mod, sizeof(*mod));
826 			depth--;
827 			return error;
828 		}
829 		mod->mod_source = MODULE_SOURCE_FILESYS;
830 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pending, mod, mod_chain);
831 
832 		error = module_fetch_info(mod);
833 		if (error != 0) {
834 			module_error("cannot fetch module info for `%s'",
835 			    name);
836 			goto fail;
837 		}
838 	}
839 
840 	/*
841 	 * Check compatibility.
842 	 */
843 	mi = mod->mod_info;
844 	if (strlen(mi->mi_name) >= MAXMODNAME) {
845 		error = EINVAL;
846 		module_error("module name `%s' too long", mi->mi_name);
847 		goto fail;
848 	}
849 	if (!module_compatible(mi->mi_version, __NetBSD_Version__)) {
850 		module_error("module built for `%d', system `%d'",
851 		    mi->mi_version, __NetBSD_Version__);
852 		if ((flags & MODCTL_LOAD_FORCE) != 0) {
853 			module_error("forced load, system may be unstable");
854 		} else {
855 			error = EPROGMISMATCH;
856 			goto fail;
857 		}
858 	}
859 
860 	/*
861 	 * If a specific kind of module was requested, ensure that we have
862 	 * a match.
863 	 */
864 	if (class != MODULE_CLASS_ANY && class != mi->mi_class) {
865 		module_print("incompatible module class for `%s' (%d != %d)",
866 		    name, class, mi->mi_class);
867 		error = ENOENT;
868 		goto fail;
869 	}
870 
871 	/*
872 	 * If loading a dependency, `name' is a plain module name.
873 	 * The name must match.
874 	 */
875 	if (isdep && strcmp(mi->mi_name, name) != 0) {
876 		module_error("dependency name mismatch (`%s' != `%s')",
877 		    name, mi->mi_name);
878 		error = ENOENT;
879 		goto fail;
880 	}
881 
882 	/*
883 	 * Check to see if the module is already loaded.  If so, we may
884 	 * have been recursively called to handle a dependency, so be sure
885 	 * to set modp.
886 	 */
887 	if ((mod2 = module_lookup(mi->mi_name)) != NULL) {
888 		if (modp != NULL)
889 			*modp = mod2;
890 		module_print("module `%s' already loaded", mi->mi_name);
891 		error = EEXIST;
892 		goto fail;
893 	}
894 
895 	/*
896 	 * Block circular dependencies.
897 	 */
898 	TAILQ_FOREACH(mod2, &pending, mod_chain) {
899 		if (mod == mod2) {
900 			continue;
901 		}
902 		if (strcmp(mod2->mod_info->mi_name, mi->mi_name) == 0) {
903 		    	error = EDEADLK;
904 			module_error("circular dependency detected for `%s'",
905 			    mi->mi_name);
906 		    	goto fail;
907 		}
908 	}
909 
910 	/*
911 	 * Now try to load any requisite modules.
912 	 */
913 	if (mi->mi_required != NULL) {
914 		for (s = mi->mi_required; *s != '\0'; s = p) {
915 			if (*s == ',')
916 				s++;
917 			p = s;
918 			while (*p != '\0' && *p != ',')
919 				p++;
920 			len = p - s + 1;
921 			if (len >= MAXMODNAME) {
922 				error = EINVAL;
923 				module_error("required module name `%s'"
924 				    " too long", mi->mi_required);
925 				goto fail;
926 			}
927 			strlcpy(buf, s, len);
928 			if (buf[0] == '\0')
929 				break;
930 			if (mod->mod_nrequired == MAXMODDEPS - 1) {
931 				error = EINVAL;
932 				module_error("too many required modules (%d)",
933 				    mod->mod_nrequired);
934 				goto fail;
935 			}
936 			if (strcmp(buf, mi->mi_name) == 0) {
937 				error = EDEADLK;
938 				module_error("self-dependency detected for "
939 				   "`%s'", mi->mi_name);
940 				goto fail;
941 			}
942 			error = module_do_load(buf, true, flags, NULL,
943 			    &mod->mod_required[mod->mod_nrequired++],
944 			    MODULE_CLASS_ANY, true);
945 			if (error != 0)
946 				goto fail;
947 		}
948 	}
949 
950 	/*
951 	 * We loaded all needed modules successfully: perform global
952 	 * relocations and initialize.
953 	 */
954 	error = kobj_affix(mod->mod_kobj, mi->mi_name);
955 	if (error != 0) {
956 		/* Cannot touch 'mi' as the module is now gone. */
957 		module_error("unable to affix module `%s'", name);
958 		goto fail2;
959 	}
960 
961 	if (filedict) {
962 		if (!module_merge_dicts(filedict, props)) {
963 			module_error("module properties failed");
964 			error = EINVAL;
965 			goto fail;
966 		}
967 	}
968 	KASSERT(module_active == NULL);
969 	module_active = mod;
970 	error = (*mi->mi_modcmd)(MODULE_CMD_INIT, filedict ? filedict : props);
971 	module_active = NULL;
972 	if (filedict) {
973 		prop_object_release(filedict);
974 		filedict = NULL;
975 	}
976 	if (error != 0) {
977 		module_error("modcmd function returned error %d for `%s'",
978 		    error, mi->mi_name);
979 		goto fail;
980 	}
981 
982 	if (mi->mi_class == MODULE_CLASS_SECMODEL)
983 		secmodel_register();
984 
985 	/*
986 	 * Good, the module loaded successfully.  Put it onto the
987 	 * list and add references to its requisite modules.
988 	 */
989 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&pending, mod, mod_chain);
990 	module_enqueue(mod);
991 	if (modp != NULL) {
992 		*modp = mod;
993 	}
994 	if (autoload) {
995 		/*
996 		 * Arrange to try unloading the module after
997 		 * a short delay.
998 		 */
999 		mod->mod_autotime = time_second + module_autotime;
1000 		module_thread_kick();
1001 	}
1002 	depth--;
1003 	return 0;
1004 
1005  fail:
1006 	kobj_unload(mod->mod_kobj);
1007  fail2:
1008 	if (filedict != NULL) {
1009 		prop_object_release(filedict);
1010 		filedict = NULL;
1011 	}
1012 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&pending, mod, mod_chain);
1013 	kmem_free(mod, sizeof(*mod));
1014 	depth--;
1015 	return error;
1016 }
1017 
1018 /*
1019  * module_do_unload:
1020  *
1021  *	Helper routine: do the dirty work of unloading a module.
1022  */
1023 static int
1024 module_do_unload(const char *name)
1025 {
1026 	module_t *mod;
1027 	int error;
1028 	u_int i;
1029 
1030 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&module_lock));
1031 
1032 	mod = module_lookup(name);
1033 	if (mod == NULL) {
1034 		module_error("module `%s' not found", name);
1035 		return ENOENT;
1036 	}
1037 	if (mod->mod_refcnt != 0) {
1038 		module_print("module `%s' busy", name);
1039 		return EBUSY;
1040 	}
1041 	KASSERT(module_active == NULL);
1042 	module_active = mod;
1043 	error = (*mod->mod_info->mi_modcmd)(MODULE_CMD_FINI, NULL);
1044 	module_active = NULL;
1045 	if (error != 0) {
1046 		module_print("cannot unload module `%s' error=%d", name,
1047 		    error);
1048 		return error;
1049 	}
1050 	if (mod->mod_info->mi_class == MODULE_CLASS_SECMODEL)
1051 		secmodel_deregister();
1052 	module_count--;
1053 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&module_list, mod, mod_chain);
1054 	for (i = 0; i < mod->mod_nrequired; i++) {
1055 		mod->mod_required[i]->mod_refcnt--;
1056 	}
1057 	if (mod->mod_kobj != NULL) {
1058 		kobj_unload(mod->mod_kobj);
1059 	}
1060 	if (mod->mod_source == MODULE_SOURCE_KERNEL) {
1061 		mod->mod_nrequired = 0; /* will be re-parsed */
1062 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&module_builtins, mod, mod_chain);
1063 		module_builtinlist++;
1064 	} else {
1065 		kmem_free(mod, sizeof(*mod));
1066 	}
1067 	module_gen++;
1068 
1069 	return 0;
1070 }
1071 
1072 /*
1073  * module_prime:
1074  *
1075  *	Push a module loaded by the bootloader onto our internal
1076  *	list.
1077  */
1078 int
1079 module_prime(void *base, size_t size)
1080 {
1081 	module_t *mod;
1082 	int error;
1083 
1084 	mod = kmem_zalloc(sizeof(*mod), KM_SLEEP);
1085 	if (mod == NULL) {
1086 		return ENOMEM;
1087 	}
1088 	mod->mod_source = MODULE_SOURCE_BOOT;
1089 
1090 	error = kobj_load_mem(&mod->mod_kobj, base, size);
1091 	if (error != 0) {
1092 		kmem_free(mod, sizeof(*mod));
1093 		module_error("unable to load object pushed by boot loader");
1094 		return error;
1095 	}
1096 	error = module_fetch_info(mod);
1097 	if (error != 0) {
1098 		kobj_unload(mod->mod_kobj);
1099 		kmem_free(mod, sizeof(*mod));
1100 		module_error("unable to load object pushed by boot loader");
1101 		return error;
1102 	}
1103 
1104 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&module_bootlist, mod, mod_chain);
1105 
1106 	return 0;
1107 }
1108 
1109 /*
1110  * module_fetch_into:
1111  *
1112  *	Fetch modinfo record from a loaded module.
1113  */
1114 static int
1115 module_fetch_info(module_t *mod)
1116 {
1117 	int error;
1118 	void *addr;
1119 	size_t size;
1120 
1121 	/*
1122 	 * Find module info record and check compatibility.
1123 	 */
1124 	error = kobj_find_section(mod->mod_kobj, "link_set_modules",
1125 	    &addr, &size);
1126 	if (error != 0) {
1127 		module_error("`link_set_modules' section not present");
1128 		return error;
1129 	}
1130 	if (size != sizeof(modinfo_t **)) {
1131 		module_error("`link_set_modules' section wrong size");
1132 		return error;
1133 	}
1134 	mod->mod_info = *(modinfo_t **)addr;
1135 
1136 	return 0;
1137 }
1138 
1139 /*
1140  * module_find_section:
1141  *
1142  *	Allows a module that is being initialized to look up a section
1143  *	within its ELF object.
1144  */
1145 int
1146 module_find_section(const char *name, void **addr, size_t *size)
1147 {
1148 
1149 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&module_lock));
1150 	KASSERT(module_active != NULL);
1151 
1152 	return kobj_find_section(module_active->mod_kobj, name, addr, size);
1153 }
1154 
1155 /*
1156  * module_thread:
1157  *
1158  *	Automatically unload modules.  We try once to unload autoloaded
1159  *	modules after module_autotime seconds.  If the system is under
1160  *	severe memory pressure, we'll try unloading all modules.
1161  */
1162 static void
1163 module_thread(void *cookie)
1164 {
1165 	module_t *mod, *next;
1166 	modinfo_t *mi;
1167 	int error;
1168 
1169 	for (;;) {
1170 		mutex_enter(&module_lock);
1171 		for (mod = TAILQ_FIRST(&module_list); mod != NULL; mod = next) {
1172 			next = TAILQ_NEXT(mod, mod_chain);
1173 			if (uvmexp.free < uvmexp.freemin) {
1174 				module_thread_ticks = hz;
1175 			} else if (mod->mod_autotime == 0) {
1176 				continue;
1177 			} else if (time_second < mod->mod_autotime) {
1178 				module_thread_ticks = hz;
1179 			    	continue;
1180 			} else {
1181 				mod->mod_autotime = 0;
1182 			}
1183 			/*
1184 			 * If this module wants to avoid autounload then
1185 			 * skip it.  Some modules can ping-pong in and out
1186 			 * because their use is transient but often.
1187 			 * Example: exec_script.
1188 			 */
1189 			mi = mod->mod_info;
1190 			error = (*mi->mi_modcmd)(MODULE_CMD_AUTOUNLOAD, NULL);
1191 			if (error == 0 || error == ENOTTY) {
1192 				(void)module_do_unload(mi->mi_name);
1193 			}
1194 		}
1195 		mutex_exit(&module_lock);
1196 
1197 		mutex_enter(&module_thread_lock);
1198 		(void)cv_timedwait(&module_thread_cv, &module_thread_lock,
1199 		    module_thread_ticks);
1200 		module_thread_ticks = 0;
1201 		mutex_exit(&module_thread_lock);
1202 	}
1203 }
1204 
1205 /*
1206  * module_thread:
1207  *
1208  *	Kick the module thread into action, perhaps because the
1209  *	system is low on memory.
1210  */
1211 void
1212 module_thread_kick(void)
1213 {
1214 
1215 	mutex_enter(&module_thread_lock);
1216 	module_thread_ticks = hz;
1217 	cv_broadcast(&module_thread_cv);
1218 	mutex_exit(&module_thread_lock);
1219 }
1220 
1221 #ifdef DDB
1222 /*
1223  * module_whatis:
1224  *
1225  *	Helper routine for DDB.
1226  */
1227 void
1228 module_whatis(uintptr_t addr, void (*pr)(const char *, ...))
1229 {
1230 	module_t *mod;
1231 	size_t msize;
1232 	vaddr_t maddr;
1233 
1234 	TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_list, mod_chain) {
1235 		if (mod->mod_kobj == NULL) {
1236 			continue;
1237 		}
1238 		if (kobj_stat(mod->mod_kobj, &maddr, &msize) != 0)
1239 			continue;
1240 		if (addr < maddr || addr >= maddr + msize) {
1241 			continue;
1242 		}
1243 		(*pr)("%p is %p+%zu, in kernel module `%s'\n",
1244 		    (void *)addr, (void *)maddr,
1245 		    (size_t)(addr - maddr), mod->mod_info->mi_name);
1246 	}
1247 }
1248 
1249 /*
1250  * module_print_list:
1251  *
1252  *	Helper routine for DDB.
1253  */
1254 void
1255 module_print_list(void (*pr)(const char *, ...))
1256 {
1257 	const char *src;
1258 	module_t *mod;
1259 	size_t msize;
1260 	vaddr_t maddr;
1261 
1262 	(*pr)("%16s %16s %8s %8s\n", "NAME", "TEXT/DATA", "SIZE", "SOURCE");
1263 
1264 	TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_list, mod_chain) {
1265 		switch (mod->mod_source) {
1266 		case MODULE_SOURCE_KERNEL:
1267 			src = "builtin";
1268 			break;
1269 		case MODULE_SOURCE_FILESYS:
1270 			src = "filesys";
1271 			break;
1272 		case MODULE_SOURCE_BOOT:
1273 			src = "boot";
1274 			break;
1275 		default:
1276 			src = "unknown";
1277 			break;
1278 		}
1279 		if (mod->mod_kobj == NULL) {
1280 			maddr = 0;
1281 			msize = 0;
1282 		} else if (kobj_stat(mod->mod_kobj, &maddr, &msize) != 0)
1283 			continue;
1284 		(*pr)("%16s %16lx %8ld %8s\n", mod->mod_info->mi_name,
1285 		    (long)maddr, (long)msize, src);
1286 	}
1287 }
1288 #endif	/* DDB */
1289 
1290 static bool
1291 module_merge_dicts(prop_dictionary_t existing_dict,
1292 		   const prop_dictionary_t new_dict)
1293 {
1294 	prop_dictionary_keysym_t props_keysym;
1295 	prop_object_iterator_t props_iter;
1296 	prop_object_t props_obj;
1297 	const char *props_key;
1298 	bool error;
1299 
1300 	if (new_dict == NULL) {			/* nothing to merge */
1301 		return true;
1302 	}
1303 
1304 	error = false;
1305 	props_iter = prop_dictionary_iterator(new_dict);
1306 	if (props_iter == NULL) {
1307 		return false;
1308 	}
1309 
1310 	while ((props_obj = prop_object_iterator_next(props_iter)) != NULL) {
1311 		props_keysym = (prop_dictionary_keysym_t)props_obj;
1312 		props_key = prop_dictionary_keysym_cstring_nocopy(props_keysym);
1313 		props_obj = prop_dictionary_get_keysym(new_dict, props_keysym);
1314 		if ((props_obj == NULL) || !prop_dictionary_set(existing_dict,
1315 		    props_key, props_obj)) {
1316 			error = true;
1317 			goto out;
1318 		}
1319 	}
1320 	error = false;
1321 
1322 out:
1323 	prop_object_iterator_release(props_iter);
1324 
1325 	return !error;
1326 }
1327