xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/kern_module.c (revision 56a34939419542e88b386b2229be7565f4f45461)
1 /*	$NetBSD: kern_module.c,v 1.37 2008/12/05 12:55:09 ad Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2008 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software developed for The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Andrew Doran.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 /*
33  * Kernel module support.
34  */
35 
36 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
37 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: kern_module.c,v 1.37 2008/12/05 12:55:09 ad Exp $");
38 
39 #ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
40 #include "opt_ddb.h"
41 #endif
42 
43 #include <sys/param.h>
44 #include <sys/systm.h>
45 #include <sys/kernel.h>
46 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
47 #include <sys/proc.h>
48 #include <sys/kauth.h>
49 #include <sys/kobj.h>
50 #include <sys/kmem.h>
51 #include <sys/module.h>
52 #include <sys/kauth.h>
53 #include <sys/kthread.h>
54 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
55 
56 #include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
57 
58 #include <machine/stdarg.h>
59 
60 struct vm_map *module_map;
61 
62 struct modlist	module_list = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(module_list);
63 struct modlist	module_bootlist = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(module_bootlist);
64 static module_t	*module_active;
65 static char	module_base[64];
66 static int	module_verbose_on;
67 static int	module_autoload_on = 1;
68 u_int		module_count;
69 kmutex_t	module_lock;
70 u_int		module_autotime = 10;
71 u_int		module_gen = 1;
72 static kcondvar_t module_thread_cv;
73 static kmutex_t module_thread_lock;
74 static int	module_thread_ticks;
75 
76 /* Ensure that the kernel's link set isn't empty. */
77 static modinfo_t module_dummy;
78 __link_set_add_rodata(modules, module_dummy);
79 
80 static module_t	*module_lookup(const char *);
81 static int	module_do_load(const char *, bool, int, prop_dictionary_t,
82 		    module_t **, modclass_t class, bool);
83 static int	module_do_unload(const char *);
84 static void	module_error(const char *, ...);
85 static void	module_print(const char *, ...);
86 static int	module_do_builtin(const char *, module_t **);
87 static int	module_fetch_info(module_t *);
88 static void	module_thread(void *);
89 
90 /*
91  * module_error:
92  *
93  *	Utility function: log an error.
94  */
95 static void
96 module_error(const char *fmt, ...)
97 {
98 	va_list ap;
99 
100 	va_start(ap, fmt);
101 	printf("WARNING: module error: ");
102 	vprintf(fmt, ap);
103 	printf("\n");
104 	va_end(ap);
105 }
106 
107 /*
108  * module_print:
109  *
110  *	Utility function: log verbose output.
111  */
112 static void
113 module_print(const char *fmt, ...)
114 {
115 	va_list ap;
116 
117 	if (module_verbose_on) {
118 		va_start(ap, fmt);
119 		printf("DEBUG: module: ");
120 		vprintf(fmt, ap);
121 		printf("\n");
122 		va_end(ap);
123 	}
124 }
125 
126 /*
127  * module_init:
128  *
129  *	Initialize the module subsystem.
130  */
131 void
132 module_init(void)
133 {
134 	extern struct vm_map *module_map;
135 	int error;
136 
137 	if (module_map == NULL) {
138 		module_map = kernel_map;
139 	}
140 	mutex_init(&module_lock, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
141 	cv_init(&module_thread_cv, "modunload");
142 	mutex_init(&module_thread_lock, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
143 #ifdef MODULAR	/* XXX */
144 	module_init_md();
145 #endif
146 
147 #if __NetBSD_Version__ / 1000000 % 100 == 99	/* -current */
148 	snprintf(module_base, sizeof(module_base), "/stand/%s/%s/modules",
149 	    machine, osrelease);
150 #else						/* release */
151 	snprintf(module_base, sizeof(module_base), "/stand/%s/%d.%d/modules",
152 	    machine, __NetBSD_Version__ / 100000000,
153 	    __NetBSD_Version__ / 1000000 % 100);
154 #endif
155 
156 	error = kthread_create(PRI_VM, KTHREAD_MPSAFE, NULL, module_thread,
157 	    NULL, NULL, "modunload");
158 	if (error != 0)
159 		panic("module_init: %d", error);
160 }
161 
162 SYSCTL_SETUP(sysctl_module_setup, "sysctl module setup")
163 {
164 	const struct sysctlnode *node = NULL;
165 
166 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, NULL,
167 		CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
168 		CTLTYPE_NODE, "kern", NULL,
169 		NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
170 		CTL_KERN, CTL_EOL);
171 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, NULL, &node,
172 		CTLFLAG_PERMANENT,
173 		CTLTYPE_NODE, "module",
174 		SYSCTL_DESCR("Module options"),
175 		NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
176 		CTL_KERN, CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);
177 
178 	if (node == NULL)
179 		return;
180 
181 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, &node, NULL,
182 		CTLFLAG_PERMANENT | CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
183 		CTLTYPE_INT, "autoload",
184 		SYSCTL_DESCR("Enable automatic load of modules"),
185 		NULL, 0, &module_autoload_on, 0,
186 		CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);
187 	sysctl_createv(clog, 0, &node, NULL,
188 		CTLFLAG_PERMANENT | CTLFLAG_READWRITE,
189 		CTLTYPE_INT, "verbose",
190 		SYSCTL_DESCR("Enable verbose output"),
191 		NULL, 0, &module_verbose_on, 0,
192 		CTL_CREATE, CTL_EOL);
193 }
194 
195 /*
196  * module_init_class:
197  *
198  *	Initialize all built-in and pre-loaded modules of the
199  *	specified class.
200  */
201 void
202 module_init_class(modclass_t class)
203 {
204 	__link_set_decl(modules, modinfo_t);
205 	modinfo_t *const *mip, *mi;
206 	module_t *mod;
207 
208 	mutex_enter(&module_lock);
209 	/*
210 	 * Builtins first.  These can't depend on pre-loaded modules.
211 	 */
212 	__link_set_foreach(mip, modules) {
213 		mi = *mip;
214 		if (mi == &module_dummy) {
215 			continue;
216 		}
217 		if (class != MODULE_CLASS_ANY && class != mi->mi_class) {
218 			continue;
219 		}
220 		(void)module_do_builtin(mi->mi_name, NULL);
221 	}
222 	/*
223 	 * Now preloaded modules.  These will be pulled off the
224 	 * list as we call module_do_load();
225 	 */
226 	do {
227 		TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_bootlist, mod_chain) {
228 			mi = mod->mod_info;
229 			if (class != MODULE_CLASS_ANY &&
230 			    class != mi->mi_class)
231 				continue;
232 			module_do_load(mi->mi_name, false, 0, NULL, NULL,
233 			    class, true);
234 			break;
235 		}
236 	} while (mod != NULL);
237 	mutex_exit(&module_lock);
238 }
239 
240 /*
241  * module_compatible:
242  *
243  *	Return true if the two supplied kernel versions are said to
244  *	have the same binary interface for kernel code.  The entire
245  *	version is signficant for the development tree (-current),
246  *	major and minor versions are significant for official
247  *	releases of the system.
248  */
249 bool
250 module_compatible(int v1, int v2)
251 {
252 
253 #if __NetBSD_Version__ / 1000000 % 100 == 99	/* -current */
254 	return v1 == v2;
255 #else						/* release */
256 	return abs(v1 - v2) < 10000;
257 #endif
258 }
259 
260 /*
261  * module_load:
262  *
263  *	Load a single module from the file system.
264  */
265 int
266 module_load(const char *filename, int flags, prop_dictionary_t props,
267 	    modclass_t class)
268 {
269 	int error;
270 
271 	/* Authorize. */
272 	error = kauth_authorize_system(kauth_cred_get(), KAUTH_SYSTEM_MODULE,
273 	    0, (void *)(uintptr_t)MODCTL_LOAD, NULL, NULL);
274 	if (error != 0) {
275 		return error;
276 	}
277 
278 	mutex_enter(&module_lock);
279 	error = module_do_load(filename, false, flags, props, NULL, class,
280 	    false);
281 	mutex_exit(&module_lock);
282 
283 	return error;
284 }
285 
286 /*
287  * module_autoload:
288  *
289  *	Load a single module from the file system, system initiated.
290  */
291 int
292 module_autoload(const char *filename, modclass_t class)
293 {
294 	int error;
295 
296 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&module_lock));
297 
298 	/* Nothing if the user has disabled it. */
299 	if (!module_autoload_on) {
300 		return EPERM;
301 	}
302 
303         /* Disallow path seperators and magic symlinks. */
304         if (strchr(filename, '/') != NULL || strchr(filename, '@') != NULL ||
305             strchr(filename, '.') != NULL) {
306         	return EPERM;
307 	}
308 
309 	/* Authorize. */
310 	error = kauth_authorize_system(kauth_cred_get(), KAUTH_SYSTEM_MODULE,
311 	    0, (void *)(uintptr_t)MODCTL_LOAD, (void *)(uintptr_t)1, NULL);
312 	if (error != 0) {
313 		return error;
314 	}
315 
316 	return module_do_load(filename, false, 0, NULL, NULL, class, true);
317 }
318 
319 /*
320  * module_unload:
321  *
322  *	Find and unload a module by name.
323  */
324 int
325 module_unload(const char *name)
326 {
327 	int error;
328 
329 	/* Authorize. */
330 	error = kauth_authorize_system(kauth_cred_get(), KAUTH_SYSTEM_MODULE,
331 	    0, (void *)(uintptr_t)MODCTL_UNLOAD, NULL, NULL);
332 	if (error != 0) {
333 		return error;
334 	}
335 
336 	mutex_enter(&module_lock);
337 	error = module_do_unload(name);
338 	mutex_exit(&module_lock);
339 
340 	return error;
341 }
342 
343 /*
344  * module_lookup:
345  *
346  *	Look up a module by name.
347  */
348 module_t *
349 module_lookup(const char *name)
350 {
351 	module_t *mod;
352 
353 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&module_lock));
354 
355 	TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_list, mod_chain) {
356 		if (strcmp(mod->mod_info->mi_name, name) == 0) {
357 			break;
358 		}
359 	}
360 
361 	return mod;
362 }
363 
364 /*
365  * module_hold:
366  *
367  *	Add a single reference to a module.  It's the caller's
368  *	responsibility to ensure that the reference is dropped
369  *	later.
370  */
371 int
372 module_hold(const char *name)
373 {
374 	module_t *mod;
375 
376 	mutex_enter(&module_lock);
377 	mod = module_lookup(name);
378 	if (mod == NULL) {
379 		mutex_exit(&module_lock);
380 		return ENOENT;
381 	}
382 	mod->mod_refcnt++;
383 	mutex_exit(&module_lock);
384 
385 	return 0;
386 }
387 
388 /*
389  * module_rele:
390  *
391  *	Release a reference acquired with module_hold().
392  */
393 void
394 module_rele(const char *name)
395 {
396 	module_t *mod;
397 
398 	mutex_enter(&module_lock);
399 	mod = module_lookup(name);
400 	if (mod == NULL) {
401 		mutex_exit(&module_lock);
402 		panic("module_rele: gone");
403 	}
404 	mod->mod_refcnt--;
405 	mutex_exit(&module_lock);
406 }
407 
408 /*
409  * module_enqueue:
410  *
411  *	Put a module onto the global list and update counters.
412  */
413 static void
414 module_enqueue(module_t *mod)
415 {
416 	int i;
417 
418 	/*
419 	 * If there are requisite modules, put at the head of the queue.
420 	 * This is so that autounload can unload requisite modules with
421 	 * only one pass through the queue.
422 	 */
423 	if (mod->mod_nrequired) {
424 		TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&module_list, mod, mod_chain);
425 
426 		/* Add references to the requisite modules. */
427 		for (i = 0; i < mod->mod_nrequired; i++) {
428 			KASSERT(mod->mod_required[i] != NULL);
429 			mod->mod_required[i]->mod_refcnt++;
430 		}
431 	} else {
432 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&module_list, mod, mod_chain);
433 	}
434 	module_count++;
435 	module_gen++;
436 }
437 
438 /*
439  * module_do_builtin:
440  *
441  *	Initialize a single module from the list of modules that are
442  *	built into the kernel (linked into the kernel image).
443  */
444 static int
445 module_do_builtin(const char *name, module_t **modp)
446 {
447 	__link_set_decl(modules, modinfo_t);
448 	modinfo_t *const *mip;
449 	const char *p, *s;
450 	char buf[MAXMODNAME];
451 	modinfo_t *mi;
452 	module_t *mod, *mod2;
453 	size_t len;
454 	int error;
455 
456 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&module_lock));
457 
458 	/*
459 	 * Check to see if already loaded.
460 	 */
461 	if ((mod = module_lookup(name)) != NULL) {
462 		if (modp != NULL) {
463 			*modp = mod;
464 		}
465 		return 0;
466 	}
467 
468 	/*
469 	 * Search the list to see if we have a module by this name.
470 	 */
471 	error = ENOENT;
472 	__link_set_foreach(mip, modules) {
473 		mi = *mip;
474 		if (mi == &module_dummy) {
475 			continue;
476 		}
477 		if (strcmp(mi->mi_name, name) == 0) {
478 			error = 0;
479 			break;
480 		}
481 	}
482 	if (error != 0) {
483 		return error;
484 	}
485 
486 	/*
487 	 * Initialize pre-requisites.
488 	 */
489 	mod = kmem_zalloc(sizeof(*mod), KM_SLEEP);
490 	if (mod == NULL) {
491 		return ENOMEM;
492 	}
493 	if (modp != NULL) {
494 		*modp = mod;
495 	}
496 	if (mi->mi_required != NULL) {
497 		for (s = mi->mi_required; *s != '\0'; s = p) {
498 			if (*s == ',')
499 				s++;
500 			p = s;
501 			while (*p != '\0' && *p != ',')
502 				p++;
503 			len = min(p - s + 1, sizeof(buf));
504 			strlcpy(buf, s, len);
505 			if (buf[0] == '\0')
506 				break;
507 			if (mod->mod_nrequired == MAXMODDEPS - 1) {
508 				module_error("too many required modules");
509 				kmem_free(mod, sizeof(*mod));
510 				return EINVAL;
511 			}
512 			error = module_do_builtin(buf, &mod2);
513 			if (error != 0) {
514 				kmem_free(mod, sizeof(*mod));
515 				return error;
516 			}
517 			mod->mod_required[mod->mod_nrequired++] = mod2;
518 		}
519 	}
520 
521 	/*
522 	 * Try to initialize the module.
523 	 */
524 	KASSERT(module_active == NULL);
525 	module_active = mod;
526 	error = (*mi->mi_modcmd)(MODULE_CMD_INIT, NULL);
527 	module_active = NULL;
528 	if (error != 0) {
529 		module_error("builtin module `%s' "
530 		    "failed to init", mi->mi_name);
531 		kmem_free(mod, sizeof(*mod));
532 		return error;
533 	}
534 	mod->mod_info = mi;
535 	mod->mod_source = MODULE_SOURCE_KERNEL;
536 	module_enqueue(mod);
537 	return 0;
538 }
539 
540 /*
541  * module_do_load:
542  *
543  *	Helper routine: load a module from the file system, or one
544  *	pushed by the boot loader.
545  */
546 static int
547 module_do_load(const char *name, bool isdep, int flags,
548 	       prop_dictionary_t props, module_t **modp, modclass_t class,
549 	       bool autoload)
550 {
551 	static TAILQ_HEAD(,module) pending = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(pending);
552 	static int depth;
553 	const int maxdepth = 6;
554 	modinfo_t *mi;
555 	module_t *mod, *mod2;
556 	char buf[MAXMODNAME];
557 	const char *s, *p;
558 	int error;
559 	size_t len;
560 
561 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&module_lock));
562 
563 	error = 0;
564 
565 	/*
566 	 * Avoid recursing too far.
567 	 */
568 	if (++depth > maxdepth) {
569 		module_error("too many required modules");
570 		depth--;
571 		return EMLINK;
572 	}
573 
574 	/*
575 	 * Load the module and link.  Before going to the file system,
576 	 * scan the list of modules loaded by the boot loader.  Just
577 	 * before init is started the list of modules loaded at boot
578 	 * will be purged.  Before init is started we can assume that
579 	 * `name' is a module name and not a path name.
580 	 */
581 	TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_bootlist, mod_chain) {
582 		if (strcmp(mod->mod_info->mi_name, name) == 0) {
583 			TAILQ_REMOVE(&module_bootlist, mod, mod_chain);
584 			break;
585 		}
586 	}
587 	if (mod != NULL) {
588 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pending, mod, mod_chain);
589 	} else {
590 		/*
591 		 * If a requisite module, check to see if it is
592 		 * already present.
593 		 */
594 		if (isdep) {
595 			TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_list, mod_chain) {
596 				if (strcmp(mod->mod_info->mi_name, name) == 0) {
597 					break;
598 				}
599 			}
600 			if (mod != NULL) {
601 				if (modp != NULL) {
602 					*modp = mod;
603 				}
604 				depth--;
605 				return 0;
606 			}
607 		}
608 		mod = kmem_zalloc(sizeof(*mod), KM_SLEEP);
609 		if (mod == NULL) {
610 			depth--;
611 			return ENOMEM;
612 		}
613 		error = kobj_load_file(&mod->mod_kobj, name, module_base,
614 		    autoload);
615 		if (error != 0) {
616 			kmem_free(mod, sizeof(*mod));
617 			depth--;
618 			if (autoload) {
619 				module_print("Cannot load kernel object `%s'"
620 				    " error=%d", name, error);
621 			} else {
622 				module_error("Cannot load kernel object `%s'"
623 				    " error=%d", name, error);
624 			}
625 			return error;
626 		}
627 		TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pending, mod, mod_chain);
628 		mod->mod_source = MODULE_SOURCE_FILESYS;
629 		error = module_fetch_info(mod);
630 		if (error != 0) {
631 			module_error("cannot fetch module info for `%s'",
632 			    name);
633 			goto fail;
634 		}
635 	}
636 
637 	/*
638 	 * Check compatibility.
639 	 */
640 	mi = mod->mod_info;
641 	if (strlen(mi->mi_name) >= MAXMODNAME) {
642 		error = EINVAL;
643 		module_error("module name `%s' too long", mi->mi_name);
644 		goto fail;
645 	}
646 	if (!module_compatible(mi->mi_version, __NetBSD_Version__)) {
647 		module_error("module built for `%d', system `%d'",
648 		    mi->mi_version, __NetBSD_Version__);
649 		if ((flags & MODCTL_LOAD_FORCE) != 0) {
650 			module_error("forced load, system may be unstable");
651 		} else {
652 			error = EPROGMISMATCH;
653 			goto fail;
654 		}
655 	}
656 
657 	/*
658 	 * If a specific kind of module was requested, ensure that we have
659 	 * a match.
660 	 */
661 	if (class != MODULE_CLASS_ANY && class != mi->mi_class) {
662 		module_print("incompatible module class for `%s' (%d != %d)",
663 		    name, class, mi->mi_class);
664 		error = ENOENT;
665 		goto fail;
666 	}
667 
668 	/*
669 	 * If loading a dependency, `name' is a plain module name.
670 	 * The name must match.
671 	 */
672 	if (isdep && strcmp(mi->mi_name, name) != 0) {
673 		module_error("dependency name mismatch (`%s' != `%s')",
674 		    name, mi->mi_name);
675 		error = ENOENT;
676 		goto fail;
677 	}
678 
679 	/*
680 	 * Check to see if the module is already loaded.  If so, we may
681 	 * have been recursively called to handle a dependency, so be sure
682 	 * to set modp.
683 	 */
684 	if ((mod2 = module_lookup(mi->mi_name)) != NULL) {
685 		if (modp != NULL)
686 			*modp = mod2;
687 		module_print("module `%s' already loaded", mi->mi_name);
688 		error = EEXIST;
689 		goto fail;
690 	}
691 
692 	/*
693 	 * Block circular dependencies.
694 	 */
695 	TAILQ_FOREACH(mod2, &pending, mod_chain) {
696 		if (mod == mod2) {
697 			continue;
698 		}
699 		if (strcmp(mod2->mod_info->mi_name, mi->mi_name) == 0) {
700 		    	error = EDEADLK;
701 			module_error("circular dependency detected for `%s'",
702 			    mi->mi_name);
703 		    	goto fail;
704 		}
705 	}
706 
707 	/*
708 	 * Now try to load any requisite modules.
709 	 */
710 	if (mi->mi_required != NULL) {
711 		for (s = mi->mi_required; *s != '\0'; s = p) {
712 			if (*s == ',')
713 				s++;
714 			p = s;
715 			while (*p != '\0' && *p != ',')
716 				p++;
717 			len = p - s + 1;
718 			if (len >= MAXMODNAME) {
719 				error = EINVAL;
720 				module_error("required module name `%s'"
721 				    " too long", mi->mi_required);
722 				goto fail;
723 			}
724 			strlcpy(buf, s, len);
725 			if (buf[0] == '\0')
726 				break;
727 			if (mod->mod_nrequired == MAXMODDEPS - 1) {
728 				error = EINVAL;
729 				module_error("too many required modules (%d)",
730 				    mod->mod_nrequired);
731 				goto fail;
732 			}
733 			if (strcmp(buf, mi->mi_name) == 0) {
734 				error = EDEADLK;
735 				module_error("self-dependency detected for "
736 				   "`%s'", mi->mi_name);
737 				goto fail;
738 			}
739 			error = module_do_load(buf, true, flags, NULL,
740 			    &mod->mod_required[mod->mod_nrequired++],
741 			    MODULE_CLASS_ANY, true);
742 			if (error != 0)
743 				goto fail;
744 		}
745 	}
746 
747 	/*
748 	 * We loaded all needed modules successfully: perform global
749 	 * relocations and initialize.
750 	 */
751 	error = kobj_affix(mod->mod_kobj, mi->mi_name);
752 	if (error != 0) {
753 		/* Cannot touch 'mi' as the module is now gone. */
754 		module_error("unable to affix module `%s'", name);
755 		goto fail2;
756 	}
757 
758 	KASSERT(module_active == NULL);
759 	module_active = mod;
760 	error = (*mi->mi_modcmd)(MODULE_CMD_INIT, props);
761 	module_active = NULL;
762 	if (error != 0) {
763 		module_error("modcmd function returned error %d for `%s'",
764 		    error, mi->mi_name);
765 		goto fail;
766 	}
767 
768 	/*
769 	 * Good, the module loaded successfully.  Put it onto the
770 	 * list and add references to its requisite modules.
771 	 */
772 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&pending, mod, mod_chain);
773 	module_enqueue(mod);
774 	if (modp != NULL) {
775 		*modp = mod;
776 	}
777 	if (autoload) {
778 		/*
779 		 * Arrange to try unloading the module after
780 		 * a short delay.
781 		 */
782 		mod->mod_autotime = time_second + module_autotime;
783 		module_thread_kick();
784 	}
785 	depth--;
786 	return 0;
787 
788  fail:
789 	kobj_unload(mod->mod_kobj);
790  fail2:
791 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&pending, mod, mod_chain);
792 	kmem_free(mod, sizeof(*mod));
793 	depth--;
794 	return error;
795 }
796 
797 /*
798  * module_do_unload:
799  *
800  *	Helper routine: do the dirty work of unloading a module.
801  */
802 static int
803 module_do_unload(const char *name)
804 {
805 	module_t *mod;
806 	int error;
807 	u_int i;
808 
809 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&module_lock));
810 
811 	mod = module_lookup(name);
812 	if (mod == NULL) {
813 		module_error("module `%s' not found", name);
814 		return ENOENT;
815 	}
816 	if (mod->mod_refcnt != 0 || mod->mod_source == MODULE_SOURCE_KERNEL) {
817 		module_print("module `%s' busy", name);
818 		return EBUSY;
819 	}
820 	KASSERT(module_active == NULL);
821 	module_active = mod;
822 	error = (*mod->mod_info->mi_modcmd)(MODULE_CMD_FINI, NULL);
823 	module_active = NULL;
824 	if (error != 0) {
825 		module_print("cannot unload module `%s' error=%d", name,
826 		    error);
827 		return error;
828 	}
829 	module_count--;
830 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&module_list, mod, mod_chain);
831 	for (i = 0; i < mod->mod_nrequired; i++) {
832 		mod->mod_required[i]->mod_refcnt--;
833 	}
834 	if (mod->mod_kobj != NULL) {
835 		kobj_unload(mod->mod_kobj);
836 	}
837 	kmem_free(mod, sizeof(*mod));
838 	module_gen++;
839 
840 	return 0;
841 }
842 
843 /*
844  * module_prime:
845  *
846  *	Push a module loaded by the bootloader onto our internal
847  *	list.
848  */
849 int
850 module_prime(void *base, size_t size)
851 {
852 	module_t *mod;
853 	int error;
854 
855 	mod = kmem_zalloc(sizeof(*mod), KM_SLEEP);
856 	if (mod == NULL) {
857 		return ENOMEM;
858 	}
859 	mod->mod_source = MODULE_SOURCE_BOOT;
860 
861 	error = kobj_load_mem(&mod->mod_kobj, base, size);
862 	if (error != 0) {
863 		kmem_free(mod, sizeof(*mod));
864 		module_error("unable to load object pushed by boot loader");
865 		return error;
866 	}
867 	error = module_fetch_info(mod);
868 	if (error != 0) {
869 		kobj_unload(mod->mod_kobj);
870 		kmem_free(mod, sizeof(*mod));
871 		module_error("unable to load object pushed by boot loader");
872 		return error;
873 	}
874 
875 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&module_bootlist, mod, mod_chain);
876 
877 	return 0;
878 }
879 
880 /*
881  * module_fetch_into:
882  *
883  *	Fetch modinfo record from a loaded module.
884  */
885 static int
886 module_fetch_info(module_t *mod)
887 {
888 	int error;
889 	void *addr;
890 	size_t size;
891 
892 	/*
893 	 * Find module info record and check compatibility.
894 	 */
895 	error = kobj_find_section(mod->mod_kobj, "link_set_modules",
896 	    &addr, &size);
897 	if (error != 0) {
898 		module_error("`link_set_modules' section not present");
899 		return error;
900 	}
901 	if (size != sizeof(modinfo_t **)) {
902 		module_error("`link_set_modules' section wrong size");
903 		return error;
904 	}
905 	mod->mod_info = *(modinfo_t **)addr;
906 
907 	return 0;
908 }
909 
910 /*
911  * module_find_section:
912  *
913  *	Allows a module that is being initialized to look up a section
914  *	within its ELF object.
915  */
916 int
917 module_find_section(const char *name, void **addr, size_t *size)
918 {
919 
920 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&module_lock));
921 	KASSERT(module_active != NULL);
922 
923 	return kobj_find_section(module_active->mod_kobj, name, addr, size);
924 }
925 
926 /*
927  * module_thread:
928  *
929  *	Automatically unload modules.  We try once to unload autoloaded
930  *	modules after module_autotime seconds.  If the system is under
931  *	severe memory pressure, we'll try unloading all modules.
932  */
933 static void
934 module_thread(void *cookie)
935 {
936 	module_t *mod, *next;
937 	modinfo_t *mi;
938 	int error;
939 
940 	for (;;) {
941 		mutex_enter(&module_lock);
942 		for (mod = TAILQ_FIRST(&module_list); mod != NULL; mod = next) {
943 			next = TAILQ_NEXT(mod, mod_chain);
944 			if (uvmexp.free < uvmexp.freemin) {
945 				module_thread_ticks = hz;
946 			} else if (mod->mod_autotime == 0) {
947 				continue;
948 			} else if (time_second < mod->mod_autotime) {
949 				module_thread_ticks = hz;
950 			    	continue;
951 			} else {
952 				mod->mod_autotime = 0;
953 			}
954 			/*
955 			 * If this module wants to avoid autounload then
956 			 * skip it.  Some modules can ping-pong in and out
957 			 * because their use is transient but often.
958 			 * Example: exec_script.
959 			 */
960 			mi = mod->mod_info;
961 			error = (*mi->mi_modcmd)(MODULE_CMD_AUTOUNLOAD, NULL);
962 			if (error == 0 || error == ENOTTY) {
963 				(void)module_do_unload(mi->mi_name);
964 			}
965 		}
966 		mutex_exit(&module_lock);
967 
968 		mutex_enter(&module_thread_lock);
969 		(void)cv_timedwait(&module_thread_cv, &module_thread_lock,
970 		    module_thread_ticks);
971 		module_thread_ticks = 0;
972 		mutex_exit(&module_thread_lock);
973 	}
974 }
975 
976 /*
977  * module_thread:
978  *
979  *	Kick the module thread into action, perhaps because the
980  *	system is low on memory.
981  */
982 void
983 module_thread_kick(void)
984 {
985 
986 	mutex_enter(&module_thread_lock);
987 	module_thread_ticks = hz;
988 	cv_broadcast(&module_thread_cv);
989 	mutex_exit(&module_thread_lock);
990 }
991 
992 #ifdef DDB
993 /*
994  * module_whatis:
995  *
996  *	Helper routine for DDB.
997  */
998 void
999 module_whatis(uintptr_t addr, void (*pr)(const char *, ...))
1000 {
1001 	module_t *mod;
1002 	size_t msize;
1003 	vaddr_t maddr;
1004 
1005 	TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_list, mod_chain) {
1006 		kobj_stat(mod->mod_kobj, &maddr, &msize);
1007 		if (addr < maddr || addr >= maddr + msize) {
1008 			continue;
1009 		}
1010 		(*pr)("%p is %p+%zu, in kernel module `%s'\n",
1011 		    (void *)addr, (void *)maddr,
1012 		    (size_t)(addr - maddr), mod->mod_info->mi_name);
1013 	}
1014 }
1015 
1016 /*
1017  * module_print_list:
1018  *
1019  *	Helper routine for DDB.
1020  */
1021 void
1022 module_print_list(void (*pr)(const char *, ...))
1023 {
1024 	const char *src;
1025 	module_t *mod;
1026 	size_t msize;
1027 	vaddr_t maddr;
1028 
1029 	(*pr)("%16s %16s %8s %8s\n", "NAME", "TEXT/DATA", "SIZE", "SOURCE");
1030 
1031 	TAILQ_FOREACH(mod, &module_list, mod_chain) {
1032 		switch (mod->mod_source) {
1033 		case MODULE_SOURCE_KERNEL:
1034 			src = "builtin";
1035 			break;
1036 		case MODULE_SOURCE_FILESYS:
1037 			src = "filesys";
1038 			break;
1039 		case MODULE_SOURCE_BOOT:
1040 			src = "boot";
1041 			break;
1042 		default:
1043 			src = "unknown";
1044 			break;
1045 		}
1046 		kobj_stat(mod->mod_kobj, &maddr, &msize);
1047 		(*pr)("%16s %16lx %8ld %8s\n", mod->mod_info->mi_name,
1048 		    (long)maddr, (long)msize, src);
1049 	}
1050 }
1051 #endif	/* DDB */
1052