xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/kern_ktrace.c (revision 4e6df137e8e14049b5a701d249962c480449c141)
1 /*	$NetBSD: kern_ktrace.c,v 1.151 2010/03/03 00:47:30 yamt Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2006, 2007, 2008 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Andrew Doran.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 /*
33  * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993
34  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
35  *
36  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
37  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
38  * are met:
39  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
40  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
41  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
42  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
43  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
44  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
45  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
46  *    without specific prior written permission.
47  *
48  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
49  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
50  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
51  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
52  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
53  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
54  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
55  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
56  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
57  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
58  * SUCH DAMAGE.
59  *
60  *	@(#)kern_ktrace.c	8.5 (Berkeley) 5/14/95
61  */
62 
63 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
64 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: kern_ktrace.c,v 1.151 2010/03/03 00:47:30 yamt Exp $");
65 
66 #include <sys/param.h>
67 #include <sys/systm.h>
68 #include <sys/proc.h>
69 #include <sys/file.h>
70 #include <sys/namei.h>
71 #include <sys/vnode.h>
72 #include <sys/kernel.h>
73 #include <sys/kthread.h>
74 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
75 #include <sys/kmem.h>
76 #include <sys/syslog.h>
77 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
78 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
79 #include <sys/callout.h>
80 #include <sys/kauth.h>
81 
82 #include <sys/mount.h>
83 #include <sys/sa.h>
84 #include <sys/syscallargs.h>
85 
86 /*
87  * TODO:
88  *	- need better error reporting?
89  *	- userland utility to sort ktrace.out by timestamp.
90  *	- keep minimum information in ktrace_entry when rest of alloc failed.
91  *	- per trace control of configurable parameters.
92  */
93 
94 struct ktrace_entry {
95 	TAILQ_ENTRY(ktrace_entry) kte_list;
96 	struct	ktr_header kte_kth;
97 	void	*kte_buf;
98 	size_t	kte_bufsz;
99 #define	KTE_SPACE		32
100 	uint8_t kte_space[KTE_SPACE];
101 };
102 
103 struct ktr_desc {
104 	TAILQ_ENTRY(ktr_desc) ktd_list;
105 	int ktd_flags;
106 #define	KTDF_WAIT		0x0001
107 #define	KTDF_DONE		0x0002
108 #define	KTDF_BLOCKING		0x0004
109 #define	KTDF_INTERACTIVE	0x0008
110 	int ktd_error;
111 #define	KTDE_ENOMEM		0x0001
112 #define	KTDE_ENOSPC		0x0002
113 	int ktd_errcnt;
114 	int ktd_ref;			/* # of reference */
115 	int ktd_qcount;			/* # of entry in the queue */
116 
117 	/*
118 	 * Params to control behaviour.
119 	 */
120 	int ktd_delayqcnt;		/* # of entry allowed to delay */
121 	int ktd_wakedelay;		/* delay of wakeup in *tick* */
122 	int ktd_intrwakdl;		/* ditto, but when interactive */
123 
124 	file_t *ktd_fp;			/* trace output file */
125 	lwp_t *ktd_lwp;			/* our kernel thread */
126 	TAILQ_HEAD(, ktrace_entry) ktd_queue;
127 	callout_t ktd_wakch;		/* delayed wakeup */
128 	kcondvar_t ktd_sync_cv;
129 	kcondvar_t ktd_cv;
130 };
131 
132 static int	ktealloc(struct ktrace_entry **, void **, lwp_t *, int,
133 			 size_t);
134 static void	ktrwrite(struct ktr_desc *, struct ktrace_entry *);
135 static int	ktrace_common(lwp_t *, int, int, int, file_t *);
136 static int	ktrops(lwp_t *, struct proc *, int, int,
137 		    struct ktr_desc *);
138 static int	ktrsetchildren(lwp_t *, struct proc *, int, int,
139 		    struct ktr_desc *);
140 static int	ktrcanset(lwp_t *, struct proc *);
141 static int	ktrsamefile(file_t *, file_t *);
142 static void	ktr_kmem(lwp_t *, int, const void *, size_t);
143 static void	ktr_io(lwp_t *, int, enum uio_rw, struct iovec *, size_t);
144 
145 static struct ktr_desc *
146 		ktd_lookup(file_t *);
147 static void	ktdrel(struct ktr_desc *);
148 static void	ktdref(struct ktr_desc *);
149 static void	ktraddentry(lwp_t *, struct ktrace_entry *, int);
150 /* Flags for ktraddentry (3rd arg) */
151 #define	KTA_NOWAIT		0x0000
152 #define	KTA_WAITOK		0x0001
153 #define	KTA_LARGE		0x0002
154 static void	ktefree(struct ktrace_entry *);
155 static void	ktd_logerrl(struct ktr_desc *, int);
156 static void	ktrace_thread(void *);
157 static int	ktrderefall(struct ktr_desc *, int);
158 
159 /*
160  * Default vaules.
161  */
162 #define	KTD_MAXENTRY		1000	/* XXX: tune */
163 #define	KTD_TIMEOUT		5	/* XXX: tune */
164 #define	KTD_DELAYQCNT		100	/* XXX: tune */
165 #define	KTD_WAKEDELAY		5000	/* XXX: tune */
166 #define	KTD_INTRWAKDL		100	/* XXX: tune */
167 
168 /*
169  * Patchable variables.
170  */
171 int ktd_maxentry = KTD_MAXENTRY;	/* max # of entry in the queue */
172 int ktd_timeout = KTD_TIMEOUT;		/* timeout in seconds */
173 int ktd_delayqcnt = KTD_DELAYQCNT;	/* # of entry allowed to delay */
174 int ktd_wakedelay = KTD_WAKEDELAY;	/* delay of wakeup in *ms* */
175 int ktd_intrwakdl = KTD_INTRWAKDL;	/* ditto, but when interactive */
176 
177 kmutex_t ktrace_lock;
178 int ktrace_on;
179 static TAILQ_HEAD(, ktr_desc) ktdq = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(ktdq);
180 static pool_cache_t kte_cache;
181 
182 static kauth_listener_t ktrace_listener;
183 
184 static void
185 ktd_wakeup(struct ktr_desc *ktd)
186 {
187 
188 	callout_stop(&ktd->ktd_wakch);
189 	cv_signal(&ktd->ktd_cv);
190 }
191 
192 static void
193 ktd_callout(void *arg)
194 {
195 
196 	mutex_enter(&ktrace_lock);
197 	ktd_wakeup(arg);
198 	mutex_exit(&ktrace_lock);
199 }
200 
201 static void
202 ktd_logerrl(struct ktr_desc *ktd, int error)
203 {
204 
205 	ktd->ktd_error |= error;
206 	ktd->ktd_errcnt++;
207 }
208 
209 #if 0
210 static void
211 ktd_logerr(struct proc *p, int error)
212 {
213 	struct ktr_desc *ktd;
214 
215 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&ktrace_lock));
216 
217 	ktd = p->p_tracep;
218 	if (ktd == NULL)
219 		return;
220 
221 	ktd_logerrl(ktd, error);
222 }
223 #endif
224 
225 static inline int
226 ktrenter(lwp_t *l)
227 {
228 
229 	if ((l->l_pflag & LP_KTRACTIVE) != 0)
230 		return 1;
231 	l->l_pflag |= LP_KTRACTIVE;
232 	return 0;
233 }
234 
235 static inline void
236 ktrexit(lwp_t *l)
237 {
238 
239 	l->l_pflag &= ~LP_KTRACTIVE;
240 }
241 
242 static int
243 ktrace_listener_cb(kauth_cred_t cred, kauth_action_t action, void *cookie,
244     void *arg0, void *arg1, void *arg2, void *arg3)
245 {
246 	struct proc *p;
247 	int result;
248 	enum kauth_process_req req;
249 
250 	result = KAUTH_RESULT_DEFER;
251 	p = arg0;
252 
253 	if (action != KAUTH_PROCESS_KTRACE)
254 		return result;
255 
256 	req = (enum kauth_process_req)(unsigned long)arg1;
257 
258 	/* Privileged; secmodel should handle these. */
259 	if (req == KAUTH_REQ_PROCESS_KTRACE_PERSISTENT)
260 		return result;
261 
262 	if ((p->p_traceflag & KTRFAC_PERSISTENT) ||
263 	    (p->p_flag & PK_SUGID))
264 		return result;
265 
266 	if (kauth_cred_geteuid(cred) == kauth_cred_getuid(p->p_cred) &&
267 	    kauth_cred_getuid(cred) == kauth_cred_getsvuid(p->p_cred) &&
268 	    kauth_cred_getgid(cred) == kauth_cred_getgid(p->p_cred) &&
269 	    kauth_cred_getgid(cred) == kauth_cred_getsvgid(p->p_cred))
270 		result = KAUTH_RESULT_ALLOW;
271 
272 	return result;
273 }
274 
275 /*
276  * Initialise the ktrace system.
277  */
278 void
279 ktrinit(void)
280 {
281 
282 	mutex_init(&ktrace_lock, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
283 	kte_cache = pool_cache_init(sizeof(struct ktrace_entry), 0, 0, 0,
284 	    "ktrace", &pool_allocator_nointr, IPL_NONE, NULL, NULL, NULL);
285 
286 	ktrace_listener = kauth_listen_scope(KAUTH_SCOPE_PROCESS,
287 	    ktrace_listener_cb, NULL);
288 }
289 
290 /*
291  * Release a reference.  Called with ktrace_lock held.
292  */
293 void
294 ktdrel(struct ktr_desc *ktd)
295 {
296 
297 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&ktrace_lock));
298 
299 	KDASSERT(ktd->ktd_ref != 0);
300 	KASSERT(ktd->ktd_ref > 0);
301 	KASSERT(ktrace_on > 0);
302 	ktrace_on--;
303 	if (--ktd->ktd_ref <= 0) {
304 		ktd->ktd_flags |= KTDF_DONE;
305 		cv_signal(&ktd->ktd_cv);
306 	}
307 }
308 
309 void
310 ktdref(struct ktr_desc *ktd)
311 {
312 
313 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&ktrace_lock));
314 
315 	ktd->ktd_ref++;
316 	ktrace_on++;
317 }
318 
319 struct ktr_desc *
320 ktd_lookup(file_t *fp)
321 {
322 	struct ktr_desc *ktd;
323 
324 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&ktrace_lock));
325 
326 	for (ktd = TAILQ_FIRST(&ktdq); ktd != NULL;
327 	    ktd = TAILQ_NEXT(ktd, ktd_list)) {
328 		if (ktrsamefile(ktd->ktd_fp, fp)) {
329 			ktdref(ktd);
330 			break;
331 		}
332 	}
333 
334 	return (ktd);
335 }
336 
337 void
338 ktraddentry(lwp_t *l, struct ktrace_entry *kte, int flags)
339 {
340 	struct proc *p = l->l_proc;
341 	struct ktr_desc *ktd;
342 #ifdef DEBUG
343 	struct timeval t1, t2;
344 #endif
345 
346 	mutex_enter(&ktrace_lock);
347 
348 	if (p->p_traceflag & KTRFAC_TRC_EMUL) {
349 		/* Add emulation trace before first entry for this process */
350 		p->p_traceflag &= ~KTRFAC_TRC_EMUL;
351 		mutex_exit(&ktrace_lock);
352 		ktrexit(l);
353 		ktremul();
354 		(void)ktrenter(l);
355 		mutex_enter(&ktrace_lock);
356 	}
357 
358 	/* Tracing may have been cancelled. */
359 	ktd = p->p_tracep;
360 	if (ktd == NULL)
361 		goto freekte;
362 
363 	/*
364 	 * Bump reference count so that the object will remain while
365 	 * we are here.  Note that the trace is controlled by other
366 	 * process.
367 	 */
368 	ktdref(ktd);
369 
370 	if (ktd->ktd_flags & KTDF_DONE)
371 		goto relktd;
372 
373 	if (ktd->ktd_qcount > ktd_maxentry) {
374 		ktd_logerrl(ktd, KTDE_ENOSPC);
375 		goto relktd;
376 	}
377 	TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ktd->ktd_queue, kte, kte_list);
378 	ktd->ktd_qcount++;
379 	if (ktd->ktd_flags & KTDF_BLOCKING)
380 		goto skip_sync;
381 
382 	if (flags & KTA_WAITOK &&
383 	    (/* flags & KTA_LARGE */0 || ktd->ktd_flags & KTDF_WAIT ||
384 	    ktd->ktd_qcount > ktd_maxentry >> 1))
385 		/*
386 		 * Sync with writer thread since we're requesting rather
387 		 * big one or many requests are pending.
388 		 */
389 		do {
390 			ktd->ktd_flags |= KTDF_WAIT;
391 			ktd_wakeup(ktd);
392 #ifdef DEBUG
393 			getmicrouptime(&t1);
394 #endif
395 			if (cv_timedwait(&ktd->ktd_sync_cv, &ktrace_lock,
396 			    ktd_timeout * hz) != 0) {
397 				ktd->ktd_flags |= KTDF_BLOCKING;
398 				/*
399 				 * Maybe the writer thread is blocking
400 				 * completely for some reason, but
401 				 * don't stop target process forever.
402 				 */
403 				log(LOG_NOTICE, "ktrace timeout\n");
404 				break;
405 			}
406 #ifdef DEBUG
407 			getmicrouptime(&t2);
408 			timersub(&t2, &t1, &t2);
409 			if (t2.tv_sec > 0)
410 				log(LOG_NOTICE,
411 				    "ktrace long wait: %lld.%06ld\n",
412 				    (long long)t2.tv_sec, (long)t2.tv_usec);
413 #endif
414 		} while (p->p_tracep == ktd &&
415 		    (ktd->ktd_flags & (KTDF_WAIT | KTDF_DONE)) == KTDF_WAIT);
416 	else {
417 		/* Schedule delayed wakeup */
418 		if (ktd->ktd_qcount > ktd->ktd_delayqcnt)
419 			ktd_wakeup(ktd);	/* Wakeup now */
420 		else if (!callout_pending(&ktd->ktd_wakch))
421 			callout_reset(&ktd->ktd_wakch,
422 			    ktd->ktd_flags & KTDF_INTERACTIVE ?
423 			    ktd->ktd_intrwakdl : ktd->ktd_wakedelay,
424 			    ktd_callout, ktd);
425 	}
426 
427 skip_sync:
428 	ktdrel(ktd);
429 	mutex_exit(&ktrace_lock);
430 	ktrexit(l);
431 	return;
432 
433 relktd:
434 	ktdrel(ktd);
435 
436 freekte:
437 	mutex_exit(&ktrace_lock);
438 	ktefree(kte);
439 	ktrexit(l);
440 }
441 
442 void
443 ktefree(struct ktrace_entry *kte)
444 {
445 
446 	if (kte->kte_buf != kte->kte_space)
447 		kmem_free(kte->kte_buf, kte->kte_bufsz);
448 	pool_cache_put(kte_cache, kte);
449 }
450 
451 /*
452  * "deep" compare of two files for the purposes of clearing a trace.
453  * Returns true if they're the same open file, or if they point at the
454  * same underlying vnode/socket.
455  */
456 
457 int
458 ktrsamefile(file_t *f1, file_t *f2)
459 {
460 
461 	return ((f1 == f2) ||
462 	    ((f1 != NULL) && (f2 != NULL) &&
463 		(f1->f_type == f2->f_type) &&
464 		(f1->f_data == f2->f_data)));
465 }
466 
467 void
468 ktrderef(struct proc *p)
469 {
470 	struct ktr_desc *ktd = p->p_tracep;
471 
472 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&ktrace_lock));
473 
474 	p->p_traceflag = 0;
475 	if (ktd == NULL)
476 		return;
477 	p->p_tracep = NULL;
478 
479 	cv_broadcast(&ktd->ktd_sync_cv);
480 	ktdrel(ktd);
481 }
482 
483 void
484 ktradref(struct proc *p)
485 {
486 	struct ktr_desc *ktd = p->p_tracep;
487 
488 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&ktrace_lock));
489 
490 	ktdref(ktd);
491 }
492 
493 int
494 ktrderefall(struct ktr_desc *ktd, int auth)
495 {
496 	lwp_t *curl = curlwp;
497 	struct proc *p;
498 	int error = 0;
499 
500 	mutex_enter(proc_lock);
501 	PROCLIST_FOREACH(p, &allproc) {
502 		if (p->p_tracep != ktd)
503 			continue;
504 		mutex_enter(p->p_lock);
505 		mutex_enter(&ktrace_lock);
506 		if (p->p_tracep == ktd) {
507 			if (!auth || ktrcanset(curl, p))
508 				ktrderef(p);
509 			else
510 				error = EPERM;
511 		}
512 		mutex_exit(&ktrace_lock);
513 		mutex_exit(p->p_lock);
514 	}
515 	mutex_exit(proc_lock);
516 
517 	return error;
518 }
519 
520 int
521 ktealloc(struct ktrace_entry **ktep, void **bufp, lwp_t *l, int type,
522 	 size_t sz)
523 {
524 	struct proc *p = l->l_proc;
525 	struct ktrace_entry *kte;
526 	struct ktr_header *kth;
527 	struct timespec ts;
528 	void *buf;
529 
530 	if (ktrenter(l))
531 		return EAGAIN;
532 
533 	kte = pool_cache_get(kte_cache, PR_WAITOK);
534 	if (sz > sizeof(kte->kte_space)) {
535 		if ((buf = kmem_alloc(sz, KM_SLEEP)) == NULL) {
536 			pool_cache_put(kte_cache, kte);
537 			ktrexit(l);
538 			return ENOMEM;
539 		}
540 	} else
541 		buf = kte->kte_space;
542 
543 	kte->kte_bufsz = sz;
544 	kte->kte_buf = buf;
545 
546 	kth = &kte->kte_kth;
547 	(void)memset(kth, 0, sizeof(*kth));
548 	kth->ktr_len = sz;
549 	kth->ktr_type = type;
550 	kth->ktr_pid = p->p_pid;
551 	memcpy(kth->ktr_comm, p->p_comm, MAXCOMLEN);
552 	kth->ktr_version = KTRFAC_VERSION(p->p_traceflag);
553 
554         nanotime(&ts);
555         switch (KTRFAC_VERSION(p->p_traceflag)) {
556         case 0:
557                 /* This is the original format */
558                 kth->ktr_otv.tv_sec = ts.tv_sec;
559                 kth->ktr_otv.tv_usec = ts.tv_nsec / 1000;
560                 break;
561         case 1:
562 		kth->ktr_olid = l->l_lid;
563                 kth->ktr_ots.tv_sec = ts.tv_sec;
564                 kth->ktr_ots.tv_nsec = ts.tv_nsec;
565                 break;
566         case 2:
567 		kth->ktr_lid = l->l_lid;
568                 kth->ktr_ts.tv_sec = ts.tv_sec;
569                 kth->ktr_ts.tv_nsec = ts.tv_nsec;
570                 break;
571         default:
572                 break;
573         }
574 
575 	*ktep = kte;
576 	*bufp = buf;
577 
578 	return 0;
579 }
580 
581 void
582 ktr_syscall(register_t code, const register_t args[], int narg)
583 {
584 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
585 	struct proc *p = l->l_proc;
586 	struct ktrace_entry *kte;
587 	struct ktr_syscall *ktp;
588 	register_t *argp;
589 	size_t len;
590 	u_int i;
591 
592 	if (!KTRPOINT(p, KTR_SYSCALL))
593 		return;
594 
595 	len = sizeof(struct ktr_syscall) + narg * sizeof argp[0];
596 
597 	if (ktealloc(&kte, (void *)&ktp, l, KTR_SYSCALL, len))
598 		return;
599 
600 	ktp->ktr_code = code;
601 	ktp->ktr_argsize = narg * sizeof argp[0];
602 	argp = (register_t *)(ktp + 1);
603 	for (i = 0; i < narg; i++)
604 		*argp++ = args[i];
605 
606 	ktraddentry(l, kte, KTA_WAITOK);
607 }
608 
609 void
610 ktr_sysret(register_t code, int error, register_t *retval)
611 {
612 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
613 	struct ktrace_entry *kte;
614 	struct ktr_sysret *ktp;
615 
616 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_SYSRET))
617 		return;
618 
619 	if (ktealloc(&kte, (void *)&ktp, l, KTR_SYSRET,
620 	    sizeof(struct ktr_sysret)))
621 		return;
622 
623 	ktp->ktr_code = code;
624 	ktp->ktr_eosys = 0;			/* XXX unused */
625 	ktp->ktr_error = error;
626 	ktp->ktr_retval = retval ? retval[0] : 0;
627 	ktp->ktr_retval_1 = retval ? retval[1] : 0;
628 
629 	ktraddentry(l, kte, KTA_WAITOK);
630 }
631 
632 void
633 ktr_namei(const char *path, size_t pathlen)
634 {
635 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
636 
637 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_NAMEI))
638 		return;
639 
640 	ktr_kmem(l, KTR_NAMEI, path, pathlen);
641 }
642 
643 void
644 ktr_namei2(const char *eroot, size_t erootlen,
645 	  const char *path, size_t pathlen)
646 {
647 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
648 	struct ktrace_entry *kte;
649 	void *buf;
650 
651 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_NAMEI))
652 		return;
653 
654 	if (ktealloc(&kte, &buf, l, KTR_NAMEI, erootlen + pathlen))
655 		return;
656 	memcpy(buf, eroot, erootlen);
657 	buf = (char *)buf + erootlen;
658 	memcpy(buf, path, pathlen);
659 	ktraddentry(l, kte, KTA_WAITOK);
660 }
661 
662 void
663 ktr_emul(void)
664 {
665 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
666 	const char *emul = l->l_proc->p_emul->e_name;
667 
668 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_EMUL))
669 		return;
670 
671 	ktr_kmem(l, KTR_EMUL, emul, strlen(emul));
672 }
673 
674 void
675 ktr_execarg(const void *bf, size_t len)
676 {
677 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
678 
679 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_EXEC_ARG))
680 		return;
681 
682 	ktr_kmem(l, KTR_EXEC_ARG, bf, len);
683 }
684 
685 void
686 ktr_execenv(const void *bf, size_t len)
687 {
688 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
689 
690 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_EXEC_ENV))
691 		return;
692 
693 	ktr_kmem(l, KTR_EXEC_ENV, bf, len);
694 }
695 
696 static void
697 ktr_kmem(lwp_t *l, int type, const void *bf, size_t len)
698 {
699 	struct ktrace_entry *kte;
700 	void *buf;
701 
702 	if (ktealloc(&kte, &buf, l, type, len))
703 		return;
704 	memcpy(buf, bf, len);
705 	ktraddentry(l, kte, KTA_WAITOK);
706 }
707 
708 static void
709 ktr_io(lwp_t *l, int fd, enum uio_rw rw, struct iovec *iov, size_t len)
710 {
711 	struct ktrace_entry *kte;
712 	struct ktr_genio *ktp;
713 	size_t resid = len, cnt, buflen;
714 	char *cp;
715 
716  next:
717 	buflen = min(PAGE_SIZE, resid + sizeof(struct ktr_genio));
718 
719 	if (ktealloc(&kte, (void *)&ktp, l, KTR_GENIO, buflen))
720 		return;
721 
722 	ktp->ktr_fd = fd;
723 	ktp->ktr_rw = rw;
724 
725 	cp = (void *)(ktp + 1);
726 	buflen -= sizeof(struct ktr_genio);
727 	kte->kte_kth.ktr_len = sizeof(struct ktr_genio);
728 
729 	while (buflen > 0) {
730 		cnt = min(iov->iov_len, buflen);
731 		if (copyin(iov->iov_base, cp, cnt) != 0)
732 			goto out;
733 		kte->kte_kth.ktr_len += cnt;
734 		cp += cnt;
735 		buflen -= cnt;
736 		resid -= cnt;
737 		iov->iov_len -= cnt;
738 		if (iov->iov_len == 0)
739 			iov++;
740 		else
741 			iov->iov_base = (char *)iov->iov_base + cnt;
742 	}
743 
744 	/*
745 	 * Don't push so many entry at once.  It will cause kmem map
746 	 * shortage.
747 	 */
748 	ktraddentry(l, kte, KTA_WAITOK | KTA_LARGE);
749 	if (resid > 0) {
750 		if (curcpu()->ci_schedstate.spc_flags & SPCF_SHOULDYIELD) {
751 			(void)ktrenter(l);
752 			preempt();
753 			ktrexit(l);
754 		}
755 
756 		goto next;
757 	}
758 
759 	return;
760 
761 out:
762 	ktefree(kte);
763 	ktrexit(l);
764 }
765 
766 void
767 ktr_genio(int fd, enum uio_rw rw, const void *addr, size_t len, int error)
768 {
769 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
770 	struct iovec iov;
771 
772 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_GENIO) || error != 0)
773 		return;
774 	iov.iov_base = __UNCONST(addr);
775 	iov.iov_len = len;
776 	ktr_io(l, fd, rw, &iov, len);
777 }
778 
779 void
780 ktr_geniov(int fd, enum uio_rw rw, struct iovec *iov, size_t len, int error)
781 {
782 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
783 
784 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_GENIO) || error != 0)
785 		return;
786 	ktr_io(l, fd, rw, iov, len);
787 }
788 
789 void
790 ktr_mibio(int fd, enum uio_rw rw, const void *addr, size_t len, int error)
791 {
792 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
793 	struct iovec iov;
794 
795 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_MIB) || error != 0)
796 		return;
797 	iov.iov_base = __UNCONST(addr);
798 	iov.iov_len = len;
799 	ktr_io(l, fd, rw, &iov, len);
800 }
801 
802 void
803 ktr_psig(int sig, sig_t action, const sigset_t *mask,
804 	 const ksiginfo_t *ksi)
805 {
806 	struct ktrace_entry *kte;
807 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
808 	struct {
809 		struct ktr_psig	kp;
810 		siginfo_t	si;
811 	} *kbuf;
812 
813 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_PSIG))
814 		return;
815 
816 	if (ktealloc(&kte, (void *)&kbuf, l, KTR_PSIG, sizeof(*kbuf)))
817 		return;
818 
819 	kbuf->kp.signo = (char)sig;
820 	kbuf->kp.action = action;
821 	kbuf->kp.mask = *mask;
822 
823 	if (ksi) {
824 		kbuf->kp.code = KSI_TRAPCODE(ksi);
825 		(void)memset(&kbuf->si, 0, sizeof(kbuf->si));
826 		kbuf->si._info = ksi->ksi_info;
827 		kte->kte_kth.ktr_len = sizeof(*kbuf);
828 	} else {
829 		kbuf->kp.code = 0;
830 		kte->kte_kth.ktr_len = sizeof(struct ktr_psig);
831 	}
832 
833 	ktraddentry(l, kte, KTA_WAITOK);
834 }
835 
836 void
837 ktr_csw(int out, int user)
838 {
839 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
840 	struct proc *p = l->l_proc;
841 	struct ktrace_entry *kte;
842 	struct ktr_csw *kc;
843 
844 	if (!KTRPOINT(p, KTR_CSW))
845 		return;
846 
847 	/*
848 	 * Don't record context switches resulting from blocking on
849 	 * locks; it's too easy to get duff results.
850 	 */
851 	if (l->l_syncobj == &mutex_syncobj || l->l_syncobj == &rw_syncobj)
852 		return;
853 
854 	/*
855 	 * We can't sleep if we're already going to sleep (if original
856 	 * condition is met during sleep, we hang up).
857 	 *
858 	 * XXX This is not ideal: it would be better to maintain a pool
859 	 * of ktes and actually push this to the kthread when context
860 	 * switch happens, however given the points where we are called
861 	 * from that is difficult to do.
862 	 */
863 	if (out) {
864 		struct timespec ts;
865 		if (ktrenter(l))
866 			return;
867 
868 		nanotime(&l->l_ktrcsw);
869 		l->l_pflag |= LP_KTRCSW;
870 		nanotime(&ts);
871 		if (user)
872 			l->l_pflag |= LP_KTRCSWUSER;
873 		else
874 			l->l_pflag &= ~LP_KTRCSWUSER;
875 
876 		ktrexit(l);
877 		return;
878 	}
879 
880 	/*
881 	 * On the way back in, we need to record twice: once for entry, and
882 	 * once for exit.
883 	 */
884 	if ((l->l_pflag & LP_KTRCSW) != 0) {
885 		struct timespec *ts;
886 		l->l_pflag &= ~LP_KTRCSW;
887 
888 		if (ktealloc(&kte, (void *)&kc, l, KTR_CSW, sizeof(*kc)))
889 			return;
890 
891 		kc->out = 1;
892 		kc->user = ((l->l_pflag & LP_KTRCSWUSER) != 0);
893 
894 		ts = &l->l_ktrcsw;
895 		switch (KTRFAC_VERSION(p->p_traceflag)) {
896 		case 0:
897 			kte->kte_kth.ktr_otv.tv_sec = ts->tv_sec;
898 			kte->kte_kth.ktr_otv.tv_usec = ts->tv_nsec / 1000;
899 			break;
900 		case 1:
901 			kte->kte_kth.ktr_ots.tv_sec = ts->tv_sec;
902 			kte->kte_kth.ktr_ots.tv_nsec = ts->tv_nsec;
903 			break;
904 		case 2:
905 			kte->kte_kth.ktr_ts.tv_sec = ts->tv_sec;
906 			kte->kte_kth.ktr_ts.tv_nsec = ts->tv_nsec;
907 			break;
908 		default:
909 			break;
910 		}
911 
912 		ktraddentry(l, kte, KTA_WAITOK);
913 	}
914 
915 	if (ktealloc(&kte, (void *)&kc, l, KTR_CSW, sizeof(*kc)))
916 		return;
917 
918 	kc->out = 0;
919 	kc->user = user;
920 
921 	ktraddentry(l, kte, KTA_WAITOK);
922 }
923 
924 bool
925 ktr_point(int fac_bit)
926 {
927 	return curlwp->l_proc->p_traceflag & fac_bit;
928 }
929 
930 int
931 ktruser(const char *id, void *addr, size_t len, int ustr)
932 {
933 	struct ktrace_entry *kte;
934 	struct ktr_user *ktp;
935 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
936 	void *user_dta;
937 	int error;
938 
939 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_USER))
940 		return 0;
941 
942 	if (len > KTR_USER_MAXLEN)
943 		return ENOSPC;
944 
945 	error = ktealloc(&kte, (void *)&ktp, l, KTR_USER, sizeof(*ktp) + len);
946 	if (error != 0)
947 		return error;
948 
949 	if (ustr) {
950 		if (copyinstr(id, ktp->ktr_id, KTR_USER_MAXIDLEN, NULL) != 0)
951 			ktp->ktr_id[0] = '\0';
952 	} else
953 		strncpy(ktp->ktr_id, id, KTR_USER_MAXIDLEN);
954 	ktp->ktr_id[KTR_USER_MAXIDLEN-1] = '\0';
955 
956 	user_dta = (void *)(ktp + 1);
957 	if ((error = copyin(addr, (void *)user_dta, len)) != 0)
958 		len = 0;
959 
960 	ktraddentry(l, kte, KTA_WAITOK);
961 	return error;
962 }
963 
964 void
965 ktr_kuser(const char *id, void *addr, size_t len)
966 {
967 	struct ktrace_entry *kte;
968 	struct ktr_user *ktp;
969 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
970 	int error;
971 
972 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_USER))
973 		return;
974 
975 	if (len > KTR_USER_MAXLEN)
976 		return;
977 
978 	error = ktealloc(&kte, (void *)&ktp, l, KTR_USER, sizeof(*ktp) + len);
979 	if (error != 0)
980 		return;
981 
982 	strlcpy(ktp->ktr_id, id, KTR_USER_MAXIDLEN);
983 
984 	memcpy(ktp + 1, addr, len);
985 
986 	ktraddentry(l, kte, KTA_WAITOK);
987 }
988 
989 void
990 ktr_mmsg(const void *msgh, size_t size)
991 {
992 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
993 
994 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_MMSG))
995 		return;
996 
997 	ktr_kmem(l, KTR_MMSG, msgh, size);
998 }
999 
1000 void
1001 ktr_mool(const void *kaddr, size_t size, const void *uaddr)
1002 {
1003 	struct ktrace_entry *kte;
1004 	struct ktr_mool *kp;
1005 	struct ktr_mool *bf;
1006 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
1007 
1008 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_MOOL))
1009 		return;
1010 
1011 	if (ktealloc(&kte, (void *)&kp, l, KTR_MOOL, size + sizeof(*kp)))
1012 		return;
1013 
1014 	kp->uaddr = uaddr;
1015 	kp->size = size;
1016 	bf = kp + 1; /* Skip uaddr and size */
1017 	(void)memcpy(bf, kaddr, size);
1018 
1019 	ktraddentry(l, kte, KTA_WAITOK);
1020 }
1021 
1022 void
1023 ktr_saupcall(struct lwp *l, int type, int nevent, int nint, void *sas,
1024     void *ap, void *ksas)
1025 {
1026 	struct ktrace_entry *kte;
1027 	struct ktr_saupcall *ktp;
1028 	size_t len, sz;
1029 	struct sa_t **sapp;
1030 	int i;
1031 
1032 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_SAUPCALL))
1033 		return;
1034 
1035 	len = sizeof(struct ktr_saupcall);
1036 	sz = len + sizeof(struct sa_t) * (nevent + nint + 1);
1037 
1038 	if (ktealloc(&kte, (void *)&ktp, l, KTR_SAUPCALL, sz))
1039 		return;
1040 
1041 	ktp->ktr_type = type;
1042 	ktp->ktr_nevent = nevent;
1043 	ktp->ktr_nint = nint;
1044 	ktp->ktr_sas = sas;
1045 	ktp->ktr_ap = ap;
1046 
1047 	/* Copy the sa_t's */
1048 	sapp = (struct sa_t **) ksas;
1049 
1050 	for (i = nevent + nint; i >= 0; i--) {
1051 		memcpy((char *)ktp + len, *sapp, sizeof(struct sa_t));
1052 		len += sizeof(struct sa_t);
1053 		sapp++;
1054 	}
1055 
1056 	kte->kte_kth.ktr_len = len;
1057 	ktraddentry(l, kte, KTA_WAITOK);
1058 }
1059 
1060 void
1061 ktr_mib(const int *name, u_int namelen)
1062 {
1063 	struct ktrace_entry *kte;
1064 	int *namep;
1065 	size_t size;
1066 	lwp_t *l = curlwp;
1067 
1068 	if (!KTRPOINT(l->l_proc, KTR_MIB))
1069 		return;
1070 
1071 	size = namelen * sizeof(*name);
1072 
1073 	if (ktealloc(&kte, (void *)&namep, l, KTR_MIB, size))
1074 		return;
1075 
1076 	(void)memcpy(namep, name, namelen * sizeof(*name));
1077 
1078 	ktraddentry(l, kte, KTA_WAITOK);
1079 }
1080 
1081 /* Interface and common routines */
1082 
1083 int
1084 ktrace_common(lwp_t *curl, int ops, int facs, int pid, file_t *fp)
1085 {
1086 	struct proc *curp;
1087 	struct proc *p;
1088 	struct pgrp *pg;
1089 	struct ktr_desc *ktd = NULL;
1090 	int ret = 0;
1091 	int error = 0;
1092 	int descend;
1093 
1094 	curp = curl->l_proc;
1095 	descend = ops & KTRFLAG_DESCEND;
1096 	facs = facs & ~((unsigned) KTRFAC_PERSISTENT);
1097 
1098 	(void)ktrenter(curl);
1099 
1100 	switch (KTROP(ops)) {
1101 
1102 	case KTROP_CLEARFILE:
1103 		/*
1104 		 * Clear all uses of the tracefile
1105 		 */
1106 		mutex_enter(&ktrace_lock);
1107 		ktd = ktd_lookup(fp);
1108 		mutex_exit(&ktrace_lock);
1109 		if (ktd == NULL)
1110 			goto done;
1111 		error = ktrderefall(ktd, 1);
1112 		goto done;
1113 
1114 	case KTROP_SET:
1115 		mutex_enter(&ktrace_lock);
1116 		ktd = ktd_lookup(fp);
1117 		mutex_exit(&ktrace_lock);
1118 		if (ktd == NULL) {
1119 			ktd = kmem_alloc(sizeof(*ktd), KM_SLEEP);
1120 			TAILQ_INIT(&ktd->ktd_queue);
1121 			callout_init(&ktd->ktd_wakch, CALLOUT_MPSAFE);
1122 			cv_init(&ktd->ktd_cv, "ktrwait");
1123 			cv_init(&ktd->ktd_sync_cv, "ktrsync");
1124 			ktd->ktd_flags = 0;
1125 			ktd->ktd_qcount = 0;
1126 			ktd->ktd_error = 0;
1127 			ktd->ktd_errcnt = 0;
1128 			ktd->ktd_delayqcnt = ktd_delayqcnt;
1129 			ktd->ktd_wakedelay = mstohz(ktd_wakedelay);
1130 			ktd->ktd_intrwakdl = mstohz(ktd_intrwakdl);
1131 			ktd->ktd_ref = 0;
1132 			ktd->ktd_fp = fp;
1133 			mutex_enter(&ktrace_lock);
1134 			ktdref(ktd);
1135 			mutex_exit(&ktrace_lock);
1136 
1137 			/*
1138 			 * XXX: not correct.  needs an way to detect
1139 			 * whether ktruss or ktrace.
1140 			 */
1141 			if (fp->f_type == DTYPE_PIPE)
1142 				ktd->ktd_flags |= KTDF_INTERACTIVE;
1143 
1144 			mutex_enter(&fp->f_lock);
1145 			fp->f_count++;
1146 			mutex_exit(&fp->f_lock);
1147 			error = kthread_create(PRI_NONE, KTHREAD_MPSAFE, NULL,
1148 			    ktrace_thread, ktd, &ktd->ktd_lwp, "ktrace");
1149 			if (error != 0) {
1150 				kmem_free(ktd, sizeof(*ktd));
1151 				mutex_enter(&fp->f_lock);
1152 				fp->f_count--;
1153 				mutex_exit(&fp->f_lock);
1154 				goto done;
1155 			}
1156 
1157 			mutex_enter(&ktrace_lock);
1158 			if (ktd_lookup(fp) != NULL) {
1159 				ktdrel(ktd);
1160 				ktd = NULL;
1161 			} else
1162 				TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&ktdq, ktd, ktd_list);
1163 			if (ktd == NULL)
1164 				cv_wait(&lbolt, &ktrace_lock);
1165 			mutex_exit(&ktrace_lock);
1166 			if (ktd == NULL)
1167 				goto done;
1168 		}
1169 		break;
1170 
1171 	case KTROP_CLEAR:
1172 		break;
1173 	}
1174 
1175 	/*
1176 	 * need something to (un)trace (XXX - why is this here?)
1177 	 */
1178 	if (!facs) {
1179 		error = EINVAL;
1180 		goto done;
1181 	}
1182 
1183 	/*
1184 	 * do it
1185 	 */
1186 	mutex_enter(proc_lock);
1187 	if (pid < 0) {
1188 		/*
1189 		 * by process group
1190 		 */
1191 		pg = pg_find(-pid, PFIND_LOCKED);
1192 		if (pg == NULL)
1193 			error = ESRCH;
1194 		else {
1195 			LIST_FOREACH(p, &pg->pg_members, p_pglist) {
1196 				if (descend)
1197 					ret |= ktrsetchildren(curl, p, ops,
1198 					    facs, ktd);
1199 				else
1200 					ret |= ktrops(curl, p, ops, facs,
1201 					    ktd);
1202 			}
1203 		}
1204 
1205 	} else {
1206 		/*
1207 		 * by pid
1208 		 */
1209 		p = p_find(pid, PFIND_LOCKED);
1210 		if (p == NULL)
1211 			error = ESRCH;
1212 		else if (descend)
1213 			ret |= ktrsetchildren(curl, p, ops, facs, ktd);
1214 		else
1215 			ret |= ktrops(curl, p, ops, facs, ktd);
1216 	}
1217 	mutex_exit(proc_lock);
1218 	if (error == 0 && !ret)
1219 		error = EPERM;
1220 done:
1221 	if (ktd != NULL) {
1222 		mutex_enter(&ktrace_lock);
1223 		if (error != 0) {
1224 			/*
1225 			 * Wakeup the thread so that it can be die if we
1226 			 * can't trace any process.
1227 			 */
1228 			ktd_wakeup(ktd);
1229 		}
1230 		if (KTROP(ops) == KTROP_SET || KTROP(ops) == KTROP_CLEARFILE)
1231 			ktdrel(ktd);
1232 		mutex_exit(&ktrace_lock);
1233 	}
1234 	ktrexit(curl);
1235 	return (error);
1236 }
1237 
1238 /*
1239  * fktrace system call
1240  */
1241 /* ARGSUSED */
1242 int
1243 sys_fktrace(struct lwp *l, const struct sys_fktrace_args *uap, register_t *retval)
1244 {
1245 	/* {
1246 		syscallarg(int) fd;
1247 		syscallarg(int) ops;
1248 		syscallarg(int) facs;
1249 		syscallarg(int) pid;
1250 	} */
1251 	file_t *fp;
1252 	int error, fd;
1253 
1254 	fd = SCARG(uap, fd);
1255 	if ((fp = fd_getfile(fd)) == NULL)
1256 		return (EBADF);
1257 	if ((fp->f_flag & FWRITE) == 0)
1258 		error = EBADF;
1259 	else
1260 		error = ktrace_common(l, SCARG(uap, ops),
1261 		    SCARG(uap, facs), SCARG(uap, pid), fp);
1262 	fd_putfile(fd);
1263 	return error;
1264 }
1265 
1266 /*
1267  * ktrace system call
1268  */
1269 /* ARGSUSED */
1270 int
1271 sys_ktrace(struct lwp *l, const struct sys_ktrace_args *uap, register_t *retval)
1272 {
1273 	/* {
1274 		syscallarg(const char *) fname;
1275 		syscallarg(int) ops;
1276 		syscallarg(int) facs;
1277 		syscallarg(int) pid;
1278 	} */
1279 	struct vnode *vp = NULL;
1280 	file_t *fp = NULL;
1281 	struct nameidata nd;
1282 	int error = 0;
1283 	int fd;
1284 
1285 	if (ktrenter(l))
1286 		return EAGAIN;
1287 
1288 	if (KTROP(SCARG(uap, ops)) != KTROP_CLEAR) {
1289 		/*
1290 		 * an operation which requires a file argument.
1291 		 */
1292 		NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, FOLLOW, UIO_USERSPACE, SCARG(uap, fname));
1293 		if ((error = vn_open(&nd, FREAD|FWRITE, 0)) != 0) {
1294 			ktrexit(l);
1295 			return (error);
1296 		}
1297 		vp = nd.ni_vp;
1298 		VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0);
1299 		if (vp->v_type != VREG) {
1300 			vn_close(vp, FREAD|FWRITE, l->l_cred);
1301 			ktrexit(l);
1302 			return (EACCES);
1303 		}
1304 		/*
1305 		 * This uses up a file descriptor slot in the
1306 		 * tracing process for the duration of this syscall.
1307 		 * This is not expected to be a problem.
1308 		 */
1309 		if ((error = fd_allocfile(&fp, &fd)) != 0) {
1310 			vn_close(vp, FWRITE, l->l_cred);
1311 			ktrexit(l);
1312 			return error;
1313 		}
1314 		fp->f_flag = FWRITE;
1315 		fp->f_type = DTYPE_VNODE;
1316 		fp->f_ops = &vnops;
1317 		fp->f_data = (void *)vp;
1318 		vp = NULL;
1319 	}
1320 	error = ktrace_common(l, SCARG(uap, ops), SCARG(uap, facs),
1321 	    SCARG(uap, pid), fp);
1322 	if (fp != NULL) {
1323 		if (error != 0) {
1324 			/* File unused. */
1325 			fd_abort(curproc, fp, fd);
1326 		} else {
1327 			/* File was used. */
1328 			fd_abort(curproc, NULL, fd);
1329 		}
1330 	}
1331 	return (error);
1332 }
1333 
1334 int
1335 ktrops(lwp_t *curl, struct proc *p, int ops, int facs,
1336     struct ktr_desc *ktd)
1337 {
1338 	int vers = ops & KTRFAC_VER_MASK;
1339 	int error = 0;
1340 
1341 	mutex_enter(p->p_lock);
1342 	mutex_enter(&ktrace_lock);
1343 
1344 	if (!ktrcanset(curl, p))
1345 		goto out;
1346 
1347 	switch (vers) {
1348 	case KTRFACv0:
1349 	case KTRFACv1:
1350 	case KTRFACv2:
1351 		break;
1352 	default:
1353 		error = EINVAL;
1354 		goto out;
1355 	}
1356 
1357 	if (KTROP(ops) == KTROP_SET) {
1358 		if (p->p_tracep != ktd) {
1359 			/*
1360 			 * if trace file already in use, relinquish
1361 			 */
1362 			ktrderef(p);
1363 			p->p_tracep = ktd;
1364 			ktradref(p);
1365 		}
1366 		p->p_traceflag |= facs;
1367 		if (kauth_authorize_process(curl->l_cred, KAUTH_PROCESS_KTRACE,
1368 		    p, KAUTH_ARG(KAUTH_REQ_PROCESS_KTRACE_PERSISTENT), NULL,
1369 		    NULL) == 0)
1370 			p->p_traceflag |= KTRFAC_PERSISTENT;
1371 	} else {
1372 		/* KTROP_CLEAR */
1373 		if (((p->p_traceflag &= ~facs) & KTRFAC_MASK) == 0) {
1374 			/* no more tracing */
1375 			ktrderef(p);
1376 		}
1377 	}
1378 
1379 	if (p->p_traceflag)
1380 		p->p_traceflag |= vers;
1381 	/*
1382 	 * Emit an emulation record, every time there is a ktrace
1383 	 * change/attach request.
1384 	 */
1385 	if (KTRPOINT(p, KTR_EMUL))
1386 		p->p_traceflag |= KTRFAC_TRC_EMUL;
1387 
1388 	p->p_trace_enabled = trace_is_enabled(p);
1389 #ifdef __HAVE_SYSCALL_INTERN
1390 	(*p->p_emul->e_syscall_intern)(p);
1391 #endif
1392 
1393  out:
1394  	mutex_exit(&ktrace_lock);
1395  	mutex_exit(p->p_lock);
1396 
1397 	return (1);
1398 }
1399 
1400 int
1401 ktrsetchildren(lwp_t *curl, struct proc *top, int ops, int facs,
1402     struct ktr_desc *ktd)
1403 {
1404 	struct proc *p;
1405 	int ret = 0;
1406 
1407 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(proc_lock));
1408 
1409 	p = top;
1410 	for (;;) {
1411 		ret |= ktrops(curl, p, ops, facs, ktd);
1412 		/*
1413 		 * If this process has children, descend to them next,
1414 		 * otherwise do any siblings, and if done with this level,
1415 		 * follow back up the tree (but not past top).
1416 		 */
1417 		if (LIST_FIRST(&p->p_children) != NULL) {
1418 			p = LIST_FIRST(&p->p_children);
1419 			continue;
1420 		}
1421 		for (;;) {
1422 			if (p == top)
1423 				return (ret);
1424 			if (LIST_NEXT(p, p_sibling) != NULL) {
1425 				p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_sibling);
1426 				break;
1427 			}
1428 			p = p->p_pptr;
1429 		}
1430 	}
1431 	/*NOTREACHED*/
1432 }
1433 
1434 void
1435 ktrwrite(struct ktr_desc *ktd, struct ktrace_entry *kte)
1436 {
1437 	size_t hlen;
1438 	struct uio auio;
1439 	struct iovec aiov[64], *iov;
1440 	struct ktrace_entry *top = kte;
1441 	struct ktr_header *kth;
1442 	file_t *fp = ktd->ktd_fp;
1443 	int error;
1444 next:
1445 	auio.uio_iov = iov = &aiov[0];
1446 	auio.uio_offset = 0;
1447 	auio.uio_rw = UIO_WRITE;
1448 	auio.uio_resid = 0;
1449 	auio.uio_iovcnt = 0;
1450 	UIO_SETUP_SYSSPACE(&auio);
1451 	do {
1452 		struct timespec ts;
1453 		lwpid_t lid;
1454 		kth = &kte->kte_kth;
1455 
1456 		hlen = sizeof(struct ktr_header);
1457 		switch (kth->ktr_version) {
1458 		case 0:
1459 			ts = kth->ktr_time;
1460 
1461 			kth->ktr_otv.tv_sec = ts.tv_sec;
1462 			kth->ktr_otv.tv_usec = ts.tv_nsec / 1000;
1463 			kth->ktr_unused = NULL;
1464 			hlen -= sizeof(kth->_v) -
1465 			    MAX(sizeof(kth->_v._v0), sizeof(kth->_v._v1));
1466 			break;
1467 		case 1:
1468 			ts = kth->ktr_time;
1469 			lid = kth->ktr_lid;
1470 
1471 			kth->ktr_ots.tv_sec = ts.tv_sec;
1472 			kth->ktr_ots.tv_nsec = ts.tv_nsec;
1473 			kth->ktr_olid = lid;
1474 			hlen -= sizeof(kth->_v) -
1475 			    MAX(sizeof(kth->_v._v0), sizeof(kth->_v._v1));
1476 			break;
1477 		}
1478 		iov->iov_base = (void *)kth;
1479 		iov++->iov_len = hlen;
1480 		auio.uio_resid += hlen;
1481 		auio.uio_iovcnt++;
1482 		if (kth->ktr_len > 0) {
1483 			iov->iov_base = kte->kte_buf;
1484 			iov++->iov_len = kth->ktr_len;
1485 			auio.uio_resid += kth->ktr_len;
1486 			auio.uio_iovcnt++;
1487 		}
1488 	} while ((kte = TAILQ_NEXT(kte, kte_list)) != NULL &&
1489 	    auio.uio_iovcnt < sizeof(aiov) / sizeof(aiov[0]) - 1);
1490 
1491 again:
1492 	error = (*fp->f_ops->fo_write)(fp, &fp->f_offset, &auio,
1493 	    fp->f_cred, FOF_UPDATE_OFFSET);
1494 	switch (error) {
1495 
1496 	case 0:
1497 		if (auio.uio_resid > 0)
1498 			goto again;
1499 		if (kte != NULL)
1500 			goto next;
1501 		break;
1502 
1503 	case EWOULDBLOCK:
1504 		kpause("ktrzzz", false, 1, NULL);
1505 		goto again;
1506 
1507 	default:
1508 		/*
1509 		 * If error encountered, give up tracing on this
1510 		 * vnode.  Don't report EPIPE as this can easily
1511 		 * happen with fktrace()/ktruss.
1512 		 */
1513 #ifndef DEBUG
1514 		if (error != EPIPE)
1515 #endif
1516 			log(LOG_NOTICE,
1517 			    "ktrace write failed, errno %d, tracing stopped\n",
1518 			    error);
1519 		(void)ktrderefall(ktd, 0);
1520 	}
1521 
1522 	while ((kte = top) != NULL) {
1523 		top = TAILQ_NEXT(top, kte_list);
1524 		ktefree(kte);
1525 	}
1526 }
1527 
1528 void
1529 ktrace_thread(void *arg)
1530 {
1531 	struct ktr_desc *ktd = arg;
1532 	file_t *fp = ktd->ktd_fp;
1533 	struct ktrace_entry *kte;
1534 	int ktrerr, errcnt;
1535 
1536 	mutex_enter(&ktrace_lock);
1537 	for (;;) {
1538 		kte = TAILQ_FIRST(&ktd->ktd_queue);
1539 		if (kte == NULL) {
1540 			if (ktd->ktd_flags & KTDF_WAIT) {
1541 				ktd->ktd_flags &= ~(KTDF_WAIT | KTDF_BLOCKING);
1542 				cv_broadcast(&ktd->ktd_sync_cv);
1543 			}
1544 			if (ktd->ktd_ref == 0)
1545 				break;
1546 			cv_wait(&ktd->ktd_cv, &ktrace_lock);
1547 			continue;
1548 		}
1549 		TAILQ_INIT(&ktd->ktd_queue);
1550 		ktd->ktd_qcount = 0;
1551 		ktrerr = ktd->ktd_error;
1552 		errcnt = ktd->ktd_errcnt;
1553 		ktd->ktd_error = ktd->ktd_errcnt = 0;
1554 		mutex_exit(&ktrace_lock);
1555 
1556 		if (ktrerr) {
1557 			log(LOG_NOTICE,
1558 			    "ktrace failed, fp %p, error 0x%x, total %d\n",
1559 			    fp, ktrerr, errcnt);
1560 		}
1561 		ktrwrite(ktd, kte);
1562 		mutex_enter(&ktrace_lock);
1563 	}
1564 
1565 	TAILQ_REMOVE(&ktdq, ktd, ktd_list);
1566 	mutex_exit(&ktrace_lock);
1567 
1568 	/*
1569 	 * ktrace file descriptor can't be watched (are not visible to
1570 	 * userspace), so no kqueue stuff here
1571 	 * XXX: The above comment is wrong, because the fktrace file
1572 	 * descriptor is available in userland.
1573 	 */
1574 	closef(fp);
1575 
1576 	cv_destroy(&ktd->ktd_sync_cv);
1577 	cv_destroy(&ktd->ktd_cv);
1578 
1579 	callout_stop(&ktd->ktd_wakch);
1580 	callout_destroy(&ktd->ktd_wakch);
1581 	kmem_free(ktd, sizeof(*ktd));
1582 
1583 	kthread_exit(0);
1584 }
1585 
1586 /*
1587  * Return true if caller has permission to set the ktracing state
1588  * of target.  Essentially, the target can't possess any
1589  * more permissions than the caller.  KTRFAC_PERSISTENT signifies that
1590  * the tracing will persist on sugid processes during exec; it is only
1591  * settable by a process with appropriate credentials.
1592  *
1593  * TODO: check groups.  use caller effective gid.
1594  */
1595 int
1596 ktrcanset(lwp_t *calll, struct proc *targetp)
1597 {
1598 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(targetp->p_lock));
1599 	KASSERT(mutex_owned(&ktrace_lock));
1600 
1601 	if (kauth_authorize_process(calll->l_cred, KAUTH_PROCESS_KTRACE,
1602 	    targetp, NULL, NULL, NULL) == 0)
1603 		return (1);
1604 
1605 	return (0);
1606 }
1607 
1608 /*
1609  * Put user defined entry to ktrace records.
1610  */
1611 int
1612 sys_utrace(struct lwp *l, const struct sys_utrace_args *uap, register_t *retval)
1613 {
1614 	/* {
1615 		syscallarg(const char *) label;
1616 		syscallarg(void *) addr;
1617 		syscallarg(size_t) len;
1618 	} */
1619 
1620 	return ktruser(SCARG(uap, label), SCARG(uap, addr),
1621 	    SCARG(uap, len), 1);
1622 }
1623