xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/kern_exec.c (revision 56a34939419542e88b386b2229be7565f4f45461)
1 /*	$NetBSD: kern_exec.c,v 1.284 2008/12/17 20:51:36 cegger Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2008 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
17  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
18  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
19  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
20  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
21  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
22  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
23  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
24  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
25  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
26  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 /*-
30  * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1996 Christopher G. Demetriou
31  * Copyright (C) 1992 Wolfgang Solfrank.
32  * Copyright (C) 1992 TooLs GmbH.
33  * All rights reserved.
34  *
35  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
36  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
37  * are met:
38  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
39  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
40  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
41  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
42  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
43  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
44  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
45  *	This product includes software developed by TooLs GmbH.
46  * 4. The name of TooLs GmbH may not be used to endorse or promote products
47  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
48  *
49  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY TOOLS GMBH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
50  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
51  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
52  * IN NO EVENT SHALL TOOLS GMBH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
53  * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
54  * PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
55  * OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
56  * WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
57  * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
58  * ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
59  */
60 
61 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
62 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: kern_exec.c,v 1.284 2008/12/17 20:51:36 cegger Exp $");
63 
64 #include "opt_ktrace.h"
65 #include "opt_syscall_debug.h"
66 #include "veriexec.h"
67 #include "opt_pax.h"
68 #include "opt_sa.h"
69 
70 #include <sys/param.h>
71 #include <sys/systm.h>
72 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
73 #include <sys/kernel.h>
74 #include <sys/proc.h>
75 #include <sys/mount.h>
76 #include <sys/malloc.h>
77 #include <sys/kmem.h>
78 #include <sys/namei.h>
79 #include <sys/vnode.h>
80 #include <sys/file.h>
81 #include <sys/acct.h>
82 #include <sys/exec.h>
83 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
84 #include <sys/uidinfo.h>
85 #include <sys/wait.h>
86 #include <sys/mman.h>
87 #include <sys/ras.h>
88 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
89 #include <sys/stat.h>
90 #include <sys/syscall.h>
91 #include <sys/kauth.h>
92 #include <sys/lwpctl.h>
93 #include <sys/pax.h>
94 #include <sys/cpu.h>
95 #include <sys/module.h>
96 #include <sys/sa.h>
97 #include <sys/savar.h>
98 #include <sys/syscallargs.h>
99 #if NVERIEXEC > 0
100 #include <sys/verified_exec.h>
101 #endif /* NVERIEXEC > 0 */
102 
103 #include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
104 
105 #include <machine/reg.h>
106 
107 #include <compat/common/compat_util.h>
108 
109 static int exec_sigcode_map(struct proc *, const struct emul *);
110 
111 #ifdef DEBUG_EXEC
112 #define DPRINTF(a) uprintf a
113 #else
114 #define DPRINTF(a)
115 #endif /* DEBUG_EXEC */
116 
117 /*
118  * Exec function switch:
119  *
120  * Note that each makecmds function is responsible for loading the
121  * exec package with the necessary functions for any exec-type-specific
122  * handling.
123  *
124  * Functions for specific exec types should be defined in their own
125  * header file.
126  */
127 static const struct execsw	**execsw = NULL;
128 static int			nexecs;
129 
130 u_int	exec_maxhdrsz;	 /* must not be static - used by netbsd32 */
131 
132 /* list of dynamically loaded execsw entries */
133 static LIST_HEAD(execlist_head, exec_entry) ex_head =
134     LIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER(ex_head);
135 struct exec_entry {
136 	LIST_ENTRY(exec_entry)	ex_list;
137 	SLIST_ENTRY(exec_entry)	ex_slist;
138 	const struct execsw	*ex_sw;
139 };
140 
141 #ifdef SYSCALL_DEBUG
142 extern const char * const syscallnames[];
143 #endif
144 
145 #ifndef __HAVE_SYSCALL_INTERN
146 void	syscall(void);
147 #endif
148 
149 #ifdef KERN_SA
150 static struct sa_emul saemul_netbsd = {
151 	sizeof(ucontext_t),
152 	sizeof(struct sa_t),
153 	sizeof(struct sa_t *),
154 	NULL,
155 	NULL,
156 	cpu_upcall,
157 	(void (*)(struct lwp *, void *))getucontext_sa,
158 	sa_ucsp
159 };
160 #endif /* KERN_SA */
161 
162 /* NetBSD emul struct */
163 struct emul emul_netbsd = {
164 	"netbsd",
165 	NULL,		/* emulation path */
166 #ifndef __HAVE_MINIMAL_EMUL
167 	EMUL_HAS_SYS___syscall,
168 	NULL,
169 	SYS_syscall,
170 	SYS_NSYSENT,
171 #endif
172 	sysent,
173 #ifdef SYSCALL_DEBUG
174 	syscallnames,
175 #else
176 	NULL,
177 #endif
178 	sendsig,
179 	trapsignal,
180 	NULL,
181 	NULL,
182 	NULL,
183 	NULL,
184 	setregs,
185 	NULL,
186 	NULL,
187 	NULL,
188 	NULL,
189 	NULL,
190 #ifdef __HAVE_SYSCALL_INTERN
191 	syscall_intern,
192 #else
193 	syscall,
194 #endif
195 	NULL,
196 	NULL,
197 
198 	uvm_default_mapaddr,
199 	NULL,
200 #ifdef KERN_SA
201 	&saemul_netbsd,
202 #else
203 	NULL,
204 #endif
205 	sizeof(ucontext_t),
206 	startlwp,
207 };
208 
209 /*
210  * Exec lock. Used to control access to execsw[] structures.
211  * This must not be static so that netbsd32 can access it, too.
212  */
213 krwlock_t exec_lock;
214 
215 static kmutex_t sigobject_lock;
216 
217 static void *
218 exec_pool_alloc(struct pool *pp, int flags)
219 {
220 
221 	return (void *)uvm_km_alloc(kernel_map, NCARGS, 0,
222 	    UVM_KMF_PAGEABLE | UVM_KMF_WAITVA);
223 }
224 
225 static void
226 exec_pool_free(struct pool *pp, void *addr)
227 {
228 
229 	uvm_km_free(kernel_map, (vaddr_t)addr, NCARGS, UVM_KMF_PAGEABLE);
230 }
231 
232 static struct pool exec_pool;
233 
234 static struct pool_allocator exec_palloc = {
235 	.pa_alloc = exec_pool_alloc,
236 	.pa_free = exec_pool_free,
237 	.pa_pagesz = NCARGS
238 };
239 
240 /*
241  * check exec:
242  * given an "executable" described in the exec package's namei info,
243  * see what we can do with it.
244  *
245  * ON ENTRY:
246  *	exec package with appropriate namei info
247  *	lwp pointer of exec'ing lwp
248  *	NO SELF-LOCKED VNODES
249  *
250  * ON EXIT:
251  *	error:	nothing held, etc.  exec header still allocated.
252  *	ok:	filled exec package, executable's vnode (unlocked).
253  *
254  * EXEC SWITCH ENTRY:
255  * 	Locked vnode to check, exec package, proc.
256  *
257  * EXEC SWITCH EXIT:
258  *	ok:	return 0, filled exec package, executable's vnode (unlocked).
259  *	error:	destructive:
260  *			everything deallocated execept exec header.
261  *		non-destructive:
262  *			error code, executable's vnode (unlocked),
263  *			exec header unmodified.
264  */
265 int
266 /*ARGSUSED*/
267 check_exec(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp)
268 {
269 	int		error, i;
270 	struct vnode	*vp;
271 	struct nameidata *ndp;
272 	size_t		resid;
273 
274 	ndp = epp->ep_ndp;
275 	ndp->ni_cnd.cn_nameiop = LOOKUP;
276 	ndp->ni_cnd.cn_flags = FOLLOW | LOCKLEAF | SAVENAME | TRYEMULROOT;
277 	/* first get the vnode */
278 	if ((error = namei(ndp)) != 0)
279 		return error;
280 	epp->ep_vp = vp = ndp->ni_vp;
281 
282 	/* check access and type */
283 	if (vp->v_type != VREG) {
284 		error = EACCES;
285 		goto bad1;
286 	}
287 	if ((error = VOP_ACCESS(vp, VEXEC, l->l_cred)) != 0)
288 		goto bad1;
289 
290 	/* get attributes */
291 	if ((error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, epp->ep_vap, l->l_cred)) != 0)
292 		goto bad1;
293 
294 	/* Check mount point */
295 	if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC) {
296 		error = EACCES;
297 		goto bad1;
298 	}
299 	if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID)
300 		epp->ep_vap->va_mode &= ~(S_ISUID | S_ISGID);
301 
302 	/* try to open it */
303 	if ((error = VOP_OPEN(vp, FREAD, l->l_cred)) != 0)
304 		goto bad1;
305 
306 	/* unlock vp, since we need it unlocked from here on out. */
307 	VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0);
308 
309 #if NVERIEXEC > 0
310 	error = veriexec_verify(l, vp, ndp->ni_cnd.cn_pnbuf,
311 	    epp->ep_flags & EXEC_INDIR ? VERIEXEC_INDIRECT : VERIEXEC_DIRECT,
312 	    NULL);
313 	if (error)
314 		goto bad2;
315 #endif /* NVERIEXEC > 0 */
316 
317 #ifdef PAX_SEGVGUARD
318 	error = pax_segvguard(l, vp, ndp->ni_cnd.cn_pnbuf, false);
319 	if (error)
320 		goto bad2;
321 #endif /* PAX_SEGVGUARD */
322 
323 	/* now we have the file, get the exec header */
324 	error = vn_rdwr(UIO_READ, vp, epp->ep_hdr, epp->ep_hdrlen, 0,
325 			UIO_SYSSPACE, 0, l->l_cred, &resid, NULL);
326 	if (error)
327 		goto bad2;
328 	epp->ep_hdrvalid = epp->ep_hdrlen - resid;
329 
330 	/*
331 	 * Set up default address space limits.  Can be overridden
332 	 * by individual exec packages.
333 	 *
334 	 * XXX probably should be all done in the exec packages.
335 	 */
336 	epp->ep_vm_minaddr = VM_MIN_ADDRESS;
337 	epp->ep_vm_maxaddr = VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS;
338 	/*
339 	 * set up the vmcmds for creation of the process
340 	 * address space
341 	 */
342 	error = ENOEXEC;
343 	for (i = 0; i < nexecs; i++) {
344 		int newerror;
345 
346 		epp->ep_esch = execsw[i];
347 		newerror = (*execsw[i]->es_makecmds)(l, epp);
348 
349 		if (!newerror) {
350 			/* Seems ok: check that entry point is sane */
351 			if (epp->ep_entry > VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) {
352 				error = ENOEXEC;
353 				break;
354 			}
355 
356 			/* check limits */
357 			if ((epp->ep_tsize > MAXTSIZ) ||
358 			    (epp->ep_dsize > (u_quad_t)l->l_proc->p_rlimit
359 						    [RLIMIT_DATA].rlim_cur)) {
360 				error = ENOMEM;
361 				break;
362 			}
363 			return 0;
364 		}
365 
366 		if (epp->ep_emul_root != NULL) {
367 			vrele(epp->ep_emul_root);
368 			epp->ep_emul_root = NULL;
369 		}
370 		if (epp->ep_interp != NULL) {
371 			vrele(epp->ep_interp);
372 			epp->ep_interp = NULL;
373 		}
374 
375 		/* make sure the first "interesting" error code is saved. */
376 		if (error == ENOEXEC)
377 			error = newerror;
378 
379 		if (epp->ep_flags & EXEC_DESTR)
380 			/* Error from "#!" code, tidied up by recursive call */
381 			return error;
382 	}
383 
384 	/* not found, error */
385 
386 	/*
387 	 * free any vmspace-creation commands,
388 	 * and release their references
389 	 */
390 	kill_vmcmds(&epp->ep_vmcmds);
391 
392 bad2:
393 	/*
394 	 * close and release the vnode, restore the old one, free the
395 	 * pathname buf, and punt.
396 	 */
397 	vn_lock(vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
398 	VOP_CLOSE(vp, FREAD, l->l_cred);
399 	vput(vp);
400 	PNBUF_PUT(ndp->ni_cnd.cn_pnbuf);
401 	return error;
402 
403 bad1:
404 	/*
405 	 * free the namei pathname buffer, and put the vnode
406 	 * (which we don't yet have open).
407 	 */
408 	vput(vp);				/* was still locked */
409 	PNBUF_PUT(ndp->ni_cnd.cn_pnbuf);
410 	return error;
411 }
412 
413 #ifdef __MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP
414 #define STACK_PTHREADSPACE NBPG
415 #else
416 #define STACK_PTHREADSPACE 0
417 #endif
418 
419 static int
420 execve_fetch_element(char * const *array, size_t index, char **value)
421 {
422 	return copyin(array + index, value, sizeof(*value));
423 }
424 
425 /*
426  * exec system call
427  */
428 /* ARGSUSED */
429 int
430 sys_execve(struct lwp *l, const struct sys_execve_args *uap, register_t *retval)
431 {
432 	/* {
433 		syscallarg(const char *)	path;
434 		syscallarg(char * const *)	argp;
435 		syscallarg(char * const *)	envp;
436 	} */
437 
438 	return execve1(l, SCARG(uap, path), SCARG(uap, argp),
439 	    SCARG(uap, envp), execve_fetch_element);
440 }
441 
442 /*
443  * Load modules to try and execute an image that we do not understand.
444  * If no execsw entries are present, we load those likely to be needed
445  * in order to run native images only.  Otherwise, we autoload all
446  * possible modules that could let us run the binary.  XXX lame
447  */
448 static void
449 exec_autoload(void)
450 {
451 #ifdef MODULAR
452 	static const char * const native[] = {
453 		"exec_elf32",
454 		"exec_elf64",
455 		"exec_script",
456 		NULL
457 	};
458 	static const char * const compat[] = {
459 		"exec_elf32",
460 		"exec_elf64",
461 		"exec_script",
462 		"exec_aout",
463 		"exec_coff",
464 		"exec_ecoff",
465 		"compat_aoutm68k",
466 		"compat_freebsd",
467 		"compat_ibcs2",
468 		"compat_irix",
469 		"compat_linux",
470 		"compat_linux32",
471 		"compat_netbsd32",
472 		"compat_sunos",
473 		"compat_sunos32",
474 		"compat_svr4",
475 		"compat_svr4_32",
476 		"compat_ultrix",
477 		NULL
478 	};
479 	char const * const *list;
480 	int i;
481 
482 	mutex_enter(&module_lock);
483 	list = (nexecs == 0 ? native : compat);
484 	for (i = 0; list[i] != NULL; i++) {
485 		if (module_autoload(list[i], MODULE_CLASS_MISC) != 0) {
486 		    	continue;
487 		}
488 		mutex_exit(&module_lock);
489 	   	yield();
490 		mutex_enter(&module_lock);
491 	}
492 	mutex_exit(&module_lock);
493 #endif
494 }
495 
496 int
497 execve1(struct lwp *l, const char *path, char * const *args,
498     char * const *envs, execve_fetch_element_t fetch_element)
499 {
500 	int			error;
501 	struct exec_package	pack;
502 	struct nameidata	nid;
503 	struct vattr		attr;
504 	struct proc		*p;
505 	char			*argp;
506 	char			*dp, *sp;
507 	long			argc, envc;
508 	size_t			i, len;
509 	char			*stack;
510 	struct ps_strings	arginfo;
511 	struct ps_strings	*aip = &arginfo;
512 	struct vmspace		*vm;
513 	struct exec_fakearg	*tmpfap;
514 	int			szsigcode;
515 	struct exec_vmcmd	*base_vcp;
516 	int			oldlwpflags;
517 	ksiginfo_t		ksi;
518 	ksiginfoq_t		kq;
519 	char			*pathbuf;
520 	size_t			pathbuflen;
521 	u_int			modgen;
522 
523 	p = l->l_proc;
524  	modgen = 0;
525 
526 	/*
527 	 * Check if we have exceeded our number of processes limit.
528 	 * This is so that we handle the case where a root daemon
529 	 * forked, ran setuid to become the desired user and is trying
530 	 * to exec. The obvious place to do the reference counting check
531 	 * is setuid(), but we don't do the reference counting check there
532 	 * like other OS's do because then all the programs that use setuid()
533 	 * must be modified to check the return code of setuid() and exit().
534 	 * It is dangerous to make setuid() fail, because it fails open and
535 	 * the program will continue to run as root. If we make it succeed
536 	 * and return an error code, again we are not enforcing the limit.
537 	 * The best place to enforce the limit is here, when the process tries
538 	 * to execute a new image, because eventually the process will need
539 	 * to call exec in order to do something useful.
540 	 */
541  retry:
542 	if ((p->p_flag & PK_SUGID) &&
543 	    chgproccnt(kauth_cred_getuid(l->l_cred), 0) >
544 	    p->p_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur)
545 		return EAGAIN;
546 
547 	oldlwpflags = l->l_flag & (LW_SA | LW_SA_UPCALL);
548 	if (l->l_flag & LW_SA) {
549 		lwp_lock(l);
550 		l->l_flag &= ~(LW_SA | LW_SA_UPCALL);
551 		lwp_unlock(l);
552 	}
553 
554 	/*
555 	 * Drain existing references and forbid new ones.  The process
556 	 * should be left alone until we're done here.  This is necessary
557 	 * to avoid race conditions - e.g. in ptrace() - that might allow
558 	 * a local user to illicitly obtain elevated privileges.
559 	 */
560 	rw_enter(&p->p_reflock, RW_WRITER);
561 
562 	base_vcp = NULL;
563 	/*
564 	 * Init the namei data to point the file user's program name.
565 	 * This is done here rather than in check_exec(), so that it's
566 	 * possible to override this settings if any of makecmd/probe
567 	 * functions call check_exec() recursively - for example,
568 	 * see exec_script_makecmds().
569 	 */
570 	pathbuf = PNBUF_GET();
571 	error = copyinstr(path, pathbuf, MAXPATHLEN, &pathbuflen);
572 	if (error) {
573 		DPRINTF(("execve: copyinstr path %d", error));
574 		goto clrflg;
575 	}
576 
577 	NDINIT(&nid, LOOKUP, NOFOLLOW | TRYEMULROOT, UIO_SYSSPACE, pathbuf);
578 
579 	/*
580 	 * initialize the fields of the exec package.
581 	 */
582 	pack.ep_name = path;
583 	pack.ep_hdr = kmem_alloc(exec_maxhdrsz, KM_SLEEP);
584 	pack.ep_hdrlen = exec_maxhdrsz;
585 	pack.ep_hdrvalid = 0;
586 	pack.ep_ndp = &nid;
587 	pack.ep_emul_arg = NULL;
588 	pack.ep_vmcmds.evs_cnt = 0;
589 	pack.ep_vmcmds.evs_used = 0;
590 	pack.ep_vap = &attr;
591 	pack.ep_flags = 0;
592 	pack.ep_emul_root = NULL;
593 	pack.ep_interp = NULL;
594 	pack.ep_esch = NULL;
595 	pack.ep_pax_flags = 0;
596 
597 	rw_enter(&exec_lock, RW_READER);
598 
599 	/* see if we can run it. */
600 	if ((error = check_exec(l, &pack)) != 0) {
601 		if (error != ENOENT) {
602 			DPRINTF(("execve: check exec failed %d\n", error));
603 		}
604 		goto freehdr;
605 	}
606 
607 	/* XXX -- THE FOLLOWING SECTION NEEDS MAJOR CLEANUP */
608 
609 	/* allocate an argument buffer */
610 	argp = pool_get(&exec_pool, PR_WAITOK);
611 	KASSERT(argp != NULL);
612 	dp = argp;
613 	argc = 0;
614 
615 	/* copy the fake args list, if there's one, freeing it as we go */
616 	if (pack.ep_flags & EXEC_HASARGL) {
617 		tmpfap = pack.ep_fa;
618 		while (tmpfap->fa_arg != NULL) {
619 			const char *cp;
620 
621 			cp = tmpfap->fa_arg;
622 			while (*cp)
623 				*dp++ = *cp++;
624 			*dp++ = '\0';
625 
626 			kmem_free(tmpfap->fa_arg, tmpfap->fa_len);
627 			tmpfap++; argc++;
628 		}
629 		kmem_free(pack.ep_fa, pack.ep_fa_len);
630 		pack.ep_flags &= ~EXEC_HASARGL;
631 	}
632 
633 	/* Now get argv & environment */
634 	if (args == NULL) {
635 		DPRINTF(("execve: null args\n"));
636 		error = EINVAL;
637 		goto bad;
638 	}
639 	/* 'i' will index the argp/envp element to be retrieved */
640 	i = 0;
641 	if (pack.ep_flags & EXEC_SKIPARG)
642 		i++;
643 
644 	while (1) {
645 		len = argp + ARG_MAX - dp;
646 		if ((error = (*fetch_element)(args, i, &sp)) != 0) {
647 			DPRINTF(("execve: fetch_element args %d\n", error));
648 			goto bad;
649 		}
650 		if (!sp)
651 			break;
652 		if ((error = copyinstr(sp, dp, len, &len)) != 0) {
653 			DPRINTF(("execve: copyinstr args %d\n", error));
654 			if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
655 				error = E2BIG;
656 			goto bad;
657 		}
658 		ktrexecarg(dp, len - 1);
659 		dp += len;
660 		i++;
661 		argc++;
662 	}
663 
664 	envc = 0;
665 	/* environment need not be there */
666 	if (envs != NULL) {
667 		i = 0;
668 		while (1) {
669 			len = argp + ARG_MAX - dp;
670 			if ((error = (*fetch_element)(envs, i, &sp)) != 0) {
671 				DPRINTF(("execve: fetch_element env %d\n", error));
672 				goto bad;
673 			}
674 			if (!sp)
675 				break;
676 			if ((error = copyinstr(sp, dp, len, &len)) != 0) {
677 				DPRINTF(("execve: copyinstr env %d\n", error));
678 				if (error == ENAMETOOLONG)
679 					error = E2BIG;
680 				goto bad;
681 			}
682 			ktrexecenv(dp, len - 1);
683 			dp += len;
684 			i++;
685 			envc++;
686 		}
687 	}
688 
689 	dp = (char *) ALIGN(dp);
690 
691 	szsigcode = pack.ep_esch->es_emul->e_esigcode -
692 	    pack.ep_esch->es_emul->e_sigcode;
693 
694 #ifdef __MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP
695 /* See big comment lower down */
696 #define	RTLD_GAP	32
697 #else
698 #define	RTLD_GAP	0
699 #endif
700 
701 	/* Now check if args & environ fit into new stack */
702 	if (pack.ep_flags & EXEC_32)
703 		len = ((argc + envc + 2 + pack.ep_esch->es_arglen) *
704 		    sizeof(int) + sizeof(int) + dp + RTLD_GAP +
705 		    szsigcode + sizeof(struct ps_strings) + STACK_PTHREADSPACE)
706 		    - argp;
707 	else
708 		len = ((argc + envc + 2 + pack.ep_esch->es_arglen) *
709 		    sizeof(char *) + sizeof(int) + dp + RTLD_GAP +
710 		    szsigcode + sizeof(struct ps_strings) + STACK_PTHREADSPACE)
711 		    - argp;
712 
713 #ifdef PAX_ASLR
714 	if (pax_aslr_active(l))
715 		len += (arc4random() % PAGE_SIZE);
716 #endif /* PAX_ASLR */
717 
718 #ifdef STACKLALIGN	/* arm, etc. */
719 	len = STACKALIGN(len);	/* make the stack "safely" aligned */
720 #else
721 	len = ALIGN(len);	/* make the stack "safely" aligned */
722 #endif
723 
724 	if (len > pack.ep_ssize) { /* in effect, compare to initial limit */
725 		DPRINTF(("execve: stack limit exceeded %zu\n", len));
726 		error = ENOMEM;
727 		goto bad;
728 	}
729 
730 	/* Get rid of other LWPs. */
731 	if (p->p_sa || p->p_nlwps > 1) {
732 		mutex_enter(p->p_lock);
733 		exit_lwps(l);
734 		mutex_exit(p->p_lock);
735 	}
736 	KDASSERT(p->p_nlwps == 1);
737 
738 	/* Destroy any lwpctl info. */
739 	if (p->p_lwpctl != NULL)
740 		lwp_ctl_exit();
741 
742 	/* This is now LWP 1 */
743 	l->l_lid = 1;
744 	p->p_nlwpid = 1;
745 
746 #ifdef KERN_SA
747 	/* Release any SA state. */
748 	if (p->p_sa)
749 		sa_release(p);
750 #endif /* KERN_SA */
751 
752 	/* Remove POSIX timers */
753 	timers_free(p, TIMERS_POSIX);
754 
755 	/* adjust "active stack depth" for process VSZ */
756 	pack.ep_ssize = len;	/* maybe should go elsewhere, but... */
757 
758 	/*
759 	 * Do whatever is necessary to prepare the address space
760 	 * for remapping.  Note that this might replace the current
761 	 * vmspace with another!
762 	 */
763 	uvmspace_exec(l, pack.ep_vm_minaddr, pack.ep_vm_maxaddr);
764 
765 	/* record proc's vnode, for use by procfs and others */
766         if (p->p_textvp)
767                 vrele(p->p_textvp);
768 	VREF(pack.ep_vp);
769 	p->p_textvp = pack.ep_vp;
770 
771 	/* Now map address space */
772 	vm = p->p_vmspace;
773 	vm->vm_taddr = (void *)pack.ep_taddr;
774 	vm->vm_tsize = btoc(pack.ep_tsize);
775 	vm->vm_daddr = (void*)pack.ep_daddr;
776 	vm->vm_dsize = btoc(pack.ep_dsize);
777 	vm->vm_ssize = btoc(pack.ep_ssize);
778 	vm->vm_maxsaddr = (void *)pack.ep_maxsaddr;
779 	vm->vm_minsaddr = (void *)pack.ep_minsaddr;
780 
781 #ifdef PAX_ASLR
782 	pax_aslr_init(l, vm);
783 #endif /* PAX_ASLR */
784 
785 	/* create the new process's VM space by running the vmcmds */
786 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
787 	if (pack.ep_vmcmds.evs_used == 0)
788 		panic("execve: no vmcmds");
789 #endif
790 	for (i = 0; i < pack.ep_vmcmds.evs_used && !error; i++) {
791 		struct exec_vmcmd *vcp;
792 
793 		vcp = &pack.ep_vmcmds.evs_cmds[i];
794 		if (vcp->ev_flags & VMCMD_RELATIVE) {
795 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
796 			if (base_vcp == NULL)
797 				panic("execve: relative vmcmd with no base");
798 			if (vcp->ev_flags & VMCMD_BASE)
799 				panic("execve: illegal base & relative vmcmd");
800 #endif
801 			vcp->ev_addr += base_vcp->ev_addr;
802 		}
803 		error = (*vcp->ev_proc)(l, vcp);
804 #ifdef DEBUG_EXEC
805 		if (error) {
806 			size_t j;
807 			struct exec_vmcmd *vp = &pack.ep_vmcmds.evs_cmds[0];
808 			for (j = 0; j <= i; j++)
809 				uprintf(
810 			"vmcmd[%zu] = %#lx/%#lx fd@%#lx prot=0%o flags=%d\n",
811 				    j, vp[j].ev_addr, vp[j].ev_len,
812 				    vp[j].ev_offset, vp[j].ev_prot,
813 				    vp[j].ev_flags);
814 		}
815 #endif /* DEBUG_EXEC */
816 		if (vcp->ev_flags & VMCMD_BASE)
817 			base_vcp = vcp;
818 	}
819 
820 	/* free the vmspace-creation commands, and release their references */
821 	kill_vmcmds(&pack.ep_vmcmds);
822 
823 	vn_lock(pack.ep_vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
824 	VOP_CLOSE(pack.ep_vp, FREAD, l->l_cred);
825 	vput(pack.ep_vp);
826 
827 	/* if an error happened, deallocate and punt */
828 	if (error) {
829 		DPRINTF(("execve: vmcmd %zu failed: %d\n", i - 1, error));
830 		goto exec_abort;
831 	}
832 
833 	/* remember information about the process */
834 	arginfo.ps_nargvstr = argc;
835 	arginfo.ps_nenvstr = envc;
836 
837 	/* set command name & other accounting info */
838 	i = min(nid.ni_cnd.cn_namelen, MAXCOMLEN);
839 	(void)memcpy(p->p_comm, nid.ni_cnd.cn_nameptr, i);
840 	p->p_comm[i] = '\0';
841 
842 	dp = PNBUF_GET();
843 	/*
844 	 * If the path starts with /, we don't need to do any work.
845 	 * This handles the majority of the cases.
846 	 * In the future perhaps we could canonicalize it?
847 	 */
848 	if (pathbuf[0] == '/')
849 		(void)strlcpy(pack.ep_path = dp, pathbuf, MAXPATHLEN);
850 #ifdef notyet
851 	/*
852 	 * Although this works most of the time [since the entry was just
853 	 * entered in the cache] we don't use it because it theoretically
854 	 * can fail and it is not the cleanest interface, because there
855 	 * could be races. When the namei cache is re-written, this can
856 	 * be changed to use the appropriate function.
857 	 */
858 	else if (!(error = vnode_to_path(dp, MAXPATHLEN, p->p_textvp, l, p)))
859 		pack.ep_path = dp;
860 #endif
861 	else {
862 #ifdef notyet
863 		printf("Cannot get path for pid %d [%s] (error %d)",
864 		    (int)p->p_pid, p->p_comm, error);
865 #endif
866 		pack.ep_path = NULL;
867 		PNBUF_PUT(dp);
868 	}
869 
870 	stack = (char *)STACK_ALLOC(STACK_GROW(vm->vm_minsaddr,
871 		STACK_PTHREADSPACE + sizeof(struct ps_strings) + szsigcode),
872 		len - (sizeof(struct ps_strings) + szsigcode));
873 
874 #ifdef __MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP
875 	/*
876 	 * The copyargs call always copies into lower addresses
877 	 * first, moving towards higher addresses, starting with
878 	 * the stack pointer that we give.  When the stack grows
879 	 * down, this puts argc/argv/envp very shallow on the
880 	 * stack, right at the first user stack pointer.
881 	 * When the stack grows up, the situation is reversed.
882 	 *
883 	 * Normally, this is no big deal.  But the ld_elf.so _rtld()
884 	 * function expects to be called with a single pointer to
885 	 * a region that has a few words it can stash values into,
886 	 * followed by argc/argv/envp.  When the stack grows down,
887 	 * it's easy to decrement the stack pointer a little bit to
888 	 * allocate the space for these few words and pass the new
889 	 * stack pointer to _rtld.  When the stack grows up, however,
890 	 * a few words before argc is part of the signal trampoline, XXX
891 	 * so we have a problem.
892 	 *
893 	 * Instead of changing how _rtld works, we take the easy way
894 	 * out and steal 32 bytes before we call copyargs.
895 	 * This extra space was allowed for when 'len' was calculated.
896 	 */
897 	stack += RTLD_GAP;
898 #endif /* __MACHINE_STACK_GROWS_UP */
899 
900 	/* Now copy argc, args & environ to new stack */
901 	error = (*pack.ep_esch->es_copyargs)(l, &pack, &arginfo, &stack, argp);
902 	if (pack.ep_path) {
903 		PNBUF_PUT(pack.ep_path);
904 		pack.ep_path = NULL;
905 	}
906 	if (error) {
907 		DPRINTF(("execve: copyargs failed %d\n", error));
908 		goto exec_abort;
909 	}
910 	/* Move the stack back to original point */
911 	stack = (char *)STACK_GROW(vm->vm_minsaddr, len);
912 
913 	/* fill process ps_strings info */
914 	p->p_psstr = (struct ps_strings *)
915 	    STACK_ALLOC(STACK_GROW(vm->vm_minsaddr, STACK_PTHREADSPACE),
916 	    sizeof(struct ps_strings));
917 	p->p_psargv = offsetof(struct ps_strings, ps_argvstr);
918 	p->p_psnargv = offsetof(struct ps_strings, ps_nargvstr);
919 	p->p_psenv = offsetof(struct ps_strings, ps_envstr);
920 	p->p_psnenv = offsetof(struct ps_strings, ps_nenvstr);
921 
922 	/* copy out the process's ps_strings structure */
923 	if ((error = copyout(aip, (char *)p->p_psstr,
924 	    sizeof(arginfo))) != 0) {
925 		DPRINTF(("execve: ps_strings copyout %p->%p size %ld failed\n",
926 		       aip, (char *)p->p_psstr, (long)sizeof(arginfo)));
927 		goto exec_abort;
928 	}
929 
930 	fd_closeexec();		/* handle close on exec */
931 	execsigs(p);		/* reset catched signals */
932 
933 	l->l_ctxlink = NULL;	/* reset ucontext link */
934 
935 
936 	p->p_acflag &= ~AFORK;
937 	mutex_enter(p->p_lock);
938 	p->p_flag |= PK_EXEC;
939 	mutex_exit(p->p_lock);
940 
941 	/*
942 	 * Stop profiling.
943 	 */
944 	if ((p->p_stflag & PST_PROFIL) != 0) {
945 		mutex_spin_enter(&p->p_stmutex);
946 		stopprofclock(p);
947 		mutex_spin_exit(&p->p_stmutex);
948 	}
949 
950 	/*
951 	 * It's OK to test PL_PPWAIT unlocked here, as other LWPs have
952 	 * exited and exec()/exit() are the only places it will be cleared.
953 	 */
954 	if ((p->p_lflag & PL_PPWAIT) != 0) {
955 		mutex_enter(proc_lock);
956 		p->p_lflag &= ~PL_PPWAIT;
957 		cv_broadcast(&p->p_pptr->p_waitcv);
958 		mutex_exit(proc_lock);
959 	}
960 
961 	/*
962 	 * Deal with set[ug]id.  MNT_NOSUID has already been used to disable
963 	 * s[ug]id.  It's OK to check for PSL_TRACED here as we have blocked
964 	 * out additional references on the process for the moment.
965 	 */
966 	if ((p->p_slflag & PSL_TRACED) == 0 &&
967 
968 	    (((attr.va_mode & S_ISUID) != 0 &&
969 	      kauth_cred_geteuid(l->l_cred) != attr.va_uid) ||
970 
971 	     ((attr.va_mode & S_ISGID) != 0 &&
972 	      kauth_cred_getegid(l->l_cred) != attr.va_gid))) {
973 		/*
974 		 * Mark the process as SUGID before we do
975 		 * anything that might block.
976 		 */
977 		proc_crmod_enter();
978 		proc_crmod_leave(NULL, NULL, true);
979 
980 		/* Make sure file descriptors 0..2 are in use. */
981 		if ((error = fd_checkstd()) != 0) {
982 			DPRINTF(("execve: fdcheckstd failed %d\n", error));
983 			goto exec_abort;
984 		}
985 
986 		/*
987 		 * Copy the credential so other references don't see our
988 		 * changes.
989 		 */
990 		l->l_cred = kauth_cred_copy(l->l_cred);
991 #ifdef KTRACE
992 		/*
993 		 * If the persistent trace flag isn't set, turn off.
994 		 */
995 		if (p->p_tracep) {
996 			mutex_enter(&ktrace_lock);
997 			if (!(p->p_traceflag & KTRFAC_PERSISTENT))
998 				ktrderef(p);
999 			mutex_exit(&ktrace_lock);
1000 		}
1001 #endif
1002 		if (attr.va_mode & S_ISUID)
1003 			kauth_cred_seteuid(l->l_cred, attr.va_uid);
1004 		if (attr.va_mode & S_ISGID)
1005 			kauth_cred_setegid(l->l_cred, attr.va_gid);
1006 	} else {
1007 		if (kauth_cred_geteuid(l->l_cred) ==
1008 		    kauth_cred_getuid(l->l_cred) &&
1009 		    kauth_cred_getegid(l->l_cred) ==
1010 		    kauth_cred_getgid(l->l_cred))
1011 			p->p_flag &= ~PK_SUGID;
1012 	}
1013 
1014 	/*
1015 	 * Copy the credential so other references don't see our changes.
1016 	 * Test to see if this is necessary first, since in the common case
1017 	 * we won't need a private reference.
1018 	 */
1019 	if (kauth_cred_geteuid(l->l_cred) != kauth_cred_getsvuid(l->l_cred) ||
1020 	    kauth_cred_getegid(l->l_cred) != kauth_cred_getsvgid(l->l_cred)) {
1021 		l->l_cred = kauth_cred_copy(l->l_cred);
1022 		kauth_cred_setsvuid(l->l_cred, kauth_cred_geteuid(l->l_cred));
1023 		kauth_cred_setsvgid(l->l_cred, kauth_cred_getegid(l->l_cred));
1024 	}
1025 
1026 	/* Update the master credentials. */
1027 	if (l->l_cred != p->p_cred) {
1028 		kauth_cred_t ocred;
1029 
1030 		kauth_cred_hold(l->l_cred);
1031 		mutex_enter(p->p_lock);
1032 		ocred = p->p_cred;
1033 		p->p_cred = l->l_cred;
1034 		mutex_exit(p->p_lock);
1035 		kauth_cred_free(ocred);
1036 	}
1037 
1038 #if defined(__HAVE_RAS)
1039 	/*
1040 	 * Remove all RASs from the address space.
1041 	 */
1042 	ras_purgeall();
1043 #endif
1044 
1045 	doexechooks(p);
1046 
1047 	/* setup new registers and do misc. setup. */
1048 	(*pack.ep_esch->es_emul->e_setregs)(l, &pack, (u_long) stack);
1049 	if (pack.ep_esch->es_setregs)
1050 		(*pack.ep_esch->es_setregs)(l, &pack, (u_long) stack);
1051 
1052 	/* map the process's signal trampoline code */
1053 	if (exec_sigcode_map(p, pack.ep_esch->es_emul)) {
1054 		DPRINTF(("execve: map sigcode failed %d\n", error));
1055 		goto exec_abort;
1056 	}
1057 
1058 	pool_put(&exec_pool, argp);
1059 
1060 	PNBUF_PUT(nid.ni_cnd.cn_pnbuf);
1061 
1062 	/* notify others that we exec'd */
1063 	KNOTE(&p->p_klist, NOTE_EXEC);
1064 
1065 	kmem_free(pack.ep_hdr, pack.ep_hdrlen);
1066 
1067 	/* The emulation root will usually have been found when we looked
1068 	 * for the elf interpreter (or similar), if not look now. */
1069 	if (pack.ep_esch->es_emul->e_path != NULL && pack.ep_emul_root == NULL)
1070 		emul_find_root(l, &pack);
1071 
1072 	/* Any old emulation root got removed by fdcloseexec */
1073 	rw_enter(&p->p_cwdi->cwdi_lock, RW_WRITER);
1074 	p->p_cwdi->cwdi_edir = pack.ep_emul_root;
1075 	rw_exit(&p->p_cwdi->cwdi_lock);
1076 	pack.ep_emul_root = NULL;
1077 	if (pack.ep_interp != NULL)
1078 		vrele(pack.ep_interp);
1079 
1080 	/*
1081 	 * Call emulation specific exec hook. This can setup per-process
1082 	 * p->p_emuldata or do any other per-process stuff an emulation needs.
1083 	 *
1084 	 * If we are executing process of different emulation than the
1085 	 * original forked process, call e_proc_exit() of the old emulation
1086 	 * first, then e_proc_exec() of new emulation. If the emulation is
1087 	 * same, the exec hook code should deallocate any old emulation
1088 	 * resources held previously by this process.
1089 	 */
1090 	if (p->p_emul && p->p_emul->e_proc_exit
1091 	    && p->p_emul != pack.ep_esch->es_emul)
1092 		(*p->p_emul->e_proc_exit)(p);
1093 
1094 	/*
1095 	 * Call exec hook. Emulation code may NOT store reference to anything
1096 	 * from &pack.
1097 	 */
1098         if (pack.ep_esch->es_emul->e_proc_exec)
1099                 (*pack.ep_esch->es_emul->e_proc_exec)(p, &pack);
1100 
1101 	/* update p_emul, the old value is no longer needed */
1102 	p->p_emul = pack.ep_esch->es_emul;
1103 
1104 	/* ...and the same for p_execsw */
1105 	p->p_execsw = pack.ep_esch;
1106 
1107 #ifdef __HAVE_SYSCALL_INTERN
1108 	(*p->p_emul->e_syscall_intern)(p);
1109 #endif
1110 	ktremul();
1111 
1112 	/* Allow new references from the debugger/procfs. */
1113 	rw_exit(&p->p_reflock);
1114 	rw_exit(&exec_lock);
1115 
1116 	mutex_enter(proc_lock);
1117 
1118 	if ((p->p_slflag & (PSL_TRACED|PSL_SYSCALL)) == PSL_TRACED) {
1119 		KSI_INIT_EMPTY(&ksi);
1120 		ksi.ksi_signo = SIGTRAP;
1121 		ksi.ksi_lid = l->l_lid;
1122 		kpsignal(p, &ksi, NULL);
1123 	}
1124 
1125 	if (p->p_sflag & PS_STOPEXEC) {
1126 		KERNEL_UNLOCK_ALL(l, &l->l_biglocks);
1127 		p->p_pptr->p_nstopchild++;
1128 		p->p_pptr->p_waited = 0;
1129 		mutex_enter(p->p_lock);
1130 		ksiginfo_queue_init(&kq);
1131 		sigclearall(p, &contsigmask, &kq);
1132 		lwp_lock(l);
1133 		l->l_stat = LSSTOP;
1134 		p->p_stat = SSTOP;
1135 		p->p_nrlwps--;
1136 		mutex_exit(p->p_lock);
1137 		mutex_exit(proc_lock);
1138 		mi_switch(l);
1139 		ksiginfo_queue_drain(&kq);
1140 		KERNEL_LOCK(l->l_biglocks, l);
1141 	} else {
1142 		mutex_exit(proc_lock);
1143 	}
1144 
1145 	PNBUF_PUT(pathbuf);
1146 	return (EJUSTRETURN);
1147 
1148  bad:
1149 	/* free the vmspace-creation commands, and release their references */
1150 	kill_vmcmds(&pack.ep_vmcmds);
1151 	/* kill any opened file descriptor, if necessary */
1152 	if (pack.ep_flags & EXEC_HASFD) {
1153 		pack.ep_flags &= ~EXEC_HASFD;
1154 		fd_close(pack.ep_fd);
1155 	}
1156 	/* close and put the exec'd file */
1157 	vn_lock(pack.ep_vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
1158 	VOP_CLOSE(pack.ep_vp, FREAD, l->l_cred);
1159 	vput(pack.ep_vp);
1160 	PNBUF_PUT(nid.ni_cnd.cn_pnbuf);
1161 	pool_put(&exec_pool, argp);
1162 
1163  freehdr:
1164 	kmem_free(pack.ep_hdr, pack.ep_hdrlen);
1165 	if (pack.ep_emul_root != NULL)
1166 		vrele(pack.ep_emul_root);
1167 	if (pack.ep_interp != NULL)
1168 		vrele(pack.ep_interp);
1169 
1170 	rw_exit(&exec_lock);
1171 
1172  clrflg:
1173 	lwp_lock(l);
1174 	l->l_flag |= oldlwpflags;
1175 	lwp_unlock(l);
1176 	PNBUF_PUT(pathbuf);
1177 	rw_exit(&p->p_reflock);
1178 
1179 	if (modgen != module_gen && error == ENOEXEC) {
1180 		modgen = module_gen;
1181 		exec_autoload();
1182 		goto retry;
1183 	}
1184 
1185 	return error;
1186 
1187  exec_abort:
1188 	PNBUF_PUT(pathbuf);
1189 	rw_exit(&p->p_reflock);
1190 	rw_exit(&exec_lock);
1191 
1192 	/*
1193 	 * the old process doesn't exist anymore.  exit gracefully.
1194 	 * get rid of the (new) address space we have created, if any, get rid
1195 	 * of our namei data and vnode, and exit noting failure
1196 	 */
1197 	uvm_deallocate(&vm->vm_map, VM_MIN_ADDRESS,
1198 		VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS - VM_MIN_ADDRESS);
1199 	if (pack.ep_emul_arg)
1200 		free(pack.ep_emul_arg, M_TEMP);
1201 	PNBUF_PUT(nid.ni_cnd.cn_pnbuf);
1202 	pool_put(&exec_pool, argp);
1203 	kmem_free(pack.ep_hdr, pack.ep_hdrlen);
1204 	if (pack.ep_emul_root != NULL)
1205 		vrele(pack.ep_emul_root);
1206 	if (pack.ep_interp != NULL)
1207 		vrele(pack.ep_interp);
1208 
1209 	/* Acquire the sched-state mutex (exit1() will release it). */
1210 	mutex_enter(p->p_lock);
1211 	exit1(l, W_EXITCODE(error, SIGABRT));
1212 
1213 	/* NOTREACHED */
1214 	return 0;
1215 }
1216 
1217 
1218 int
1219 copyargs(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *pack, struct ps_strings *arginfo,
1220     char **stackp, void *argp)
1221 {
1222 	char	**cpp, *dp, *sp;
1223 	size_t	len;
1224 	void	*nullp;
1225 	long	argc, envc;
1226 	int	error;
1227 
1228 	cpp = (char **)*stackp;
1229 	nullp = NULL;
1230 	argc = arginfo->ps_nargvstr;
1231 	envc = arginfo->ps_nenvstr;
1232 	if ((error = copyout(&argc, cpp++, sizeof(argc))) != 0)
1233 		return error;
1234 
1235 	dp = (char *) (cpp + argc + envc + 2 + pack->ep_esch->es_arglen);
1236 	sp = argp;
1237 
1238 	/* XXX don't copy them out, remap them! */
1239 	arginfo->ps_argvstr = cpp; /* remember location of argv for later */
1240 
1241 	for (; --argc >= 0; sp += len, dp += len)
1242 		if ((error = copyout(&dp, cpp++, sizeof(dp))) != 0 ||
1243 		    (error = copyoutstr(sp, dp, ARG_MAX, &len)) != 0)
1244 			return error;
1245 
1246 	if ((error = copyout(&nullp, cpp++, sizeof(nullp))) != 0)
1247 		return error;
1248 
1249 	arginfo->ps_envstr = cpp; /* remember location of envp for later */
1250 
1251 	for (; --envc >= 0; sp += len, dp += len)
1252 		if ((error = copyout(&dp, cpp++, sizeof(dp))) != 0 ||
1253 		    (error = copyoutstr(sp, dp, ARG_MAX, &len)) != 0)
1254 			return error;
1255 
1256 	if ((error = copyout(&nullp, cpp++, sizeof(nullp))) != 0)
1257 		return error;
1258 
1259 	*stackp = (char *)cpp;
1260 	return 0;
1261 }
1262 
1263 
1264 /*
1265  * Add execsw[] entries.
1266  */
1267 int
1268 exec_add(struct execsw *esp, int count)
1269 {
1270 	struct exec_entry	*it;
1271 	int			i;
1272 
1273 	if (count == 0) {
1274 		return 0;
1275 	}
1276 
1277 	/* Check for duplicates. */
1278 	rw_enter(&exec_lock, RW_WRITER);
1279 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1280 		LIST_FOREACH(it, &ex_head, ex_list) {
1281 			/* assume unique (makecmds, probe_func, emulation) */
1282 			if (it->ex_sw->es_makecmds == esp[i].es_makecmds &&
1283 			    it->ex_sw->u.elf_probe_func ==
1284 			    esp[i].u.elf_probe_func &&
1285 			    it->ex_sw->es_emul == esp[i].es_emul) {
1286 				rw_exit(&exec_lock);
1287 				return EEXIST;
1288 			}
1289 		}
1290 	}
1291 
1292 	/* Allocate new entries. */
1293 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1294 		it = kmem_alloc(sizeof(*it), KM_SLEEP);
1295 		it->ex_sw = &esp[i];
1296 		LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&ex_head, it, ex_list);
1297 	}
1298 
1299 	/* update execsw[] */
1300 	exec_init(0);
1301 	rw_exit(&exec_lock);
1302 	return 0;
1303 }
1304 
1305 /*
1306  * Remove execsw[] entry.
1307  */
1308 int
1309 exec_remove(struct execsw *esp, int count)
1310 {
1311 	struct exec_entry	*it, *next;
1312 	int			i;
1313 	const struct proclist_desc *pd;
1314 	proc_t			*p;
1315 
1316 	if (count == 0) {
1317 		return 0;
1318 	}
1319 
1320 	/* Abort if any are busy. */
1321 	rw_enter(&exec_lock, RW_WRITER);
1322 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1323 		mutex_enter(proc_lock);
1324 		for (pd = proclists; pd->pd_list != NULL; pd++) {
1325 			PROCLIST_FOREACH(p, pd->pd_list) {
1326 				if (p->p_execsw == &esp[i]) {
1327 					mutex_exit(proc_lock);
1328 					rw_exit(&exec_lock);
1329 					return EBUSY;
1330 				}
1331 			}
1332 		}
1333 		mutex_exit(proc_lock);
1334 	}
1335 
1336 	/* None are busy, so remove them all. */
1337 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1338 		for (it = LIST_FIRST(&ex_head); it != NULL; it = next) {
1339 			next = LIST_NEXT(it, ex_list);
1340 			if (it->ex_sw == &esp[i]) {
1341 				LIST_REMOVE(it, ex_list);
1342 				kmem_free(it, sizeof(*it));
1343 				break;
1344 			}
1345 		}
1346 	}
1347 
1348 	/* update execsw[] */
1349 	exec_init(0);
1350 	rw_exit(&exec_lock);
1351 	return 0;
1352 }
1353 
1354 /*
1355  * Initialize exec structures. If init_boot is true, also does necessary
1356  * one-time initialization (it's called from main() that way).
1357  * Once system is multiuser, this should be called with exec_lock held,
1358  * i.e. via exec_{add|remove}().
1359  */
1360 int
1361 exec_init(int init_boot)
1362 {
1363 	const struct execsw 	**sw;
1364 	struct exec_entry	*ex;
1365 	SLIST_HEAD(,exec_entry)	first;
1366 	SLIST_HEAD(,exec_entry)	any;
1367 	SLIST_HEAD(,exec_entry)	last;
1368 	int			i, sz;
1369 
1370 	if (init_boot) {
1371 		/* do one-time initializations */
1372 		rw_init(&exec_lock);
1373 		mutex_init(&sigobject_lock, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
1374 		pool_init(&exec_pool, NCARGS, 0, 0, PR_NOALIGN|PR_NOTOUCH,
1375 		    "execargs", &exec_palloc, IPL_NONE);
1376 		pool_sethardlimit(&exec_pool, maxexec, "should not happen", 0);
1377 	} else {
1378 		KASSERT(rw_write_held(&exec_lock));
1379 	}
1380 
1381 	/* Sort each entry onto the appropriate queue. */
1382 	SLIST_INIT(&first);
1383 	SLIST_INIT(&any);
1384 	SLIST_INIT(&last);
1385 	sz = 0;
1386 	LIST_FOREACH(ex, &ex_head, ex_list) {
1387 		switch(ex->ex_sw->es_prio) {
1388 		case EXECSW_PRIO_FIRST:
1389 			SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&first, ex, ex_slist);
1390 			break;
1391 		case EXECSW_PRIO_ANY:
1392 			SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&any, ex, ex_slist);
1393 			break;
1394 		case EXECSW_PRIO_LAST:
1395 			SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(&last, ex, ex_slist);
1396 			break;
1397 		default:
1398 			panic("exec_init");
1399 			break;
1400 		}
1401 		sz++;
1402 	}
1403 
1404 	/*
1405 	 * Create new execsw[].  Ensure we do not try a zero-sized
1406 	 * allocation.
1407 	 */
1408 	sw = kmem_alloc(sz * sizeof(struct execsw *) + 1, KM_SLEEP);
1409 	i = 0;
1410 	SLIST_FOREACH(ex, &first, ex_slist) {
1411 		sw[i++] = ex->ex_sw;
1412 	}
1413 	SLIST_FOREACH(ex, &any, ex_slist) {
1414 		sw[i++] = ex->ex_sw;
1415 	}
1416 	SLIST_FOREACH(ex, &last, ex_slist) {
1417 		sw[i++] = ex->ex_sw;
1418 	}
1419 
1420 	/* Replace old execsw[] and free used memory. */
1421 	if (execsw != NULL) {
1422 		kmem_free(__UNCONST(execsw),
1423 		    nexecs * sizeof(struct execsw *) + 1);
1424 	}
1425 	execsw = sw;
1426 	nexecs = sz;
1427 
1428 	/* Figure out the maximum size of an exec header. */
1429 	exec_maxhdrsz = sizeof(int);
1430 	for (i = 0; i < nexecs; i++) {
1431 		if (execsw[i]->es_hdrsz > exec_maxhdrsz)
1432 			exec_maxhdrsz = execsw[i]->es_hdrsz;
1433 	}
1434 
1435 	return 0;
1436 }
1437 
1438 static int
1439 exec_sigcode_map(struct proc *p, const struct emul *e)
1440 {
1441 	vaddr_t va;
1442 	vsize_t sz;
1443 	int error;
1444 	struct uvm_object *uobj;
1445 
1446 	sz = (vaddr_t)e->e_esigcode - (vaddr_t)e->e_sigcode;
1447 
1448 	if (e->e_sigobject == NULL || sz == 0) {
1449 		return 0;
1450 	}
1451 
1452 	/*
1453 	 * If we don't have a sigobject for this emulation, create one.
1454 	 *
1455 	 * sigobject is an anonymous memory object (just like SYSV shared
1456 	 * memory) that we keep a permanent reference to and that we map
1457 	 * in all processes that need this sigcode. The creation is simple,
1458 	 * we create an object, add a permanent reference to it, map it in
1459 	 * kernel space, copy out the sigcode to it and unmap it.
1460 	 * We map it with PROT_READ|PROT_EXEC into the process just
1461 	 * the way sys_mmap() would map it.
1462 	 */
1463 
1464 	uobj = *e->e_sigobject;
1465 	if (uobj == NULL) {
1466 		mutex_enter(&sigobject_lock);
1467 		if ((uobj = *e->e_sigobject) == NULL) {
1468 			uobj = uao_create(sz, 0);
1469 			(*uobj->pgops->pgo_reference)(uobj);
1470 			va = vm_map_min(kernel_map);
1471 			if ((error = uvm_map(kernel_map, &va, round_page(sz),
1472 			    uobj, 0, 0,
1473 			    UVM_MAPFLAG(UVM_PROT_RW, UVM_PROT_RW,
1474 			    UVM_INH_SHARE, UVM_ADV_RANDOM, 0)))) {
1475 				printf("kernel mapping failed %d\n", error);
1476 				(*uobj->pgops->pgo_detach)(uobj);
1477 				mutex_exit(&sigobject_lock);
1478 				return (error);
1479 			}
1480 			memcpy((void *)va, e->e_sigcode, sz);
1481 #ifdef PMAP_NEED_PROCWR
1482 			pmap_procwr(&proc0, va, sz);
1483 #endif
1484 			uvm_unmap(kernel_map, va, va + round_page(sz));
1485 			*e->e_sigobject = uobj;
1486 		}
1487 		mutex_exit(&sigobject_lock);
1488 	}
1489 
1490 	/* Just a hint to uvm_map where to put it. */
1491 	va = e->e_vm_default_addr(p, (vaddr_t)p->p_vmspace->vm_daddr,
1492 	    round_page(sz));
1493 
1494 #ifdef __alpha__
1495 	/*
1496 	 * Tru64 puts /sbin/loader at the end of user virtual memory,
1497 	 * which causes the above calculation to put the sigcode at
1498 	 * an invalid address.  Put it just below the text instead.
1499 	 */
1500 	if (va == (vaddr_t)vm_map_max(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map)) {
1501 		va = (vaddr_t)p->p_vmspace->vm_taddr - round_page(sz);
1502 	}
1503 #endif
1504 
1505 	(*uobj->pgops->pgo_reference)(uobj);
1506 	error = uvm_map(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &va, round_page(sz),
1507 			uobj, 0, 0,
1508 			UVM_MAPFLAG(UVM_PROT_RX, UVM_PROT_RX, UVM_INH_SHARE,
1509 				    UVM_ADV_RANDOM, 0));
1510 	if (error) {
1511 		(*uobj->pgops->pgo_detach)(uobj);
1512 		return (error);
1513 	}
1514 	p->p_sigctx.ps_sigcode = (void *)va;
1515 	return (0);
1516 }
1517