1 /* $NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.71 1994/12/19 14:36:46 cgd Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 7 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 8 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 9 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 10 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 11 * 12 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 13 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 14 * are met: 15 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 17 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 18 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 19 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 20 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 21 * must display the following acknowledgement: 22 * This product includes software developed by the University of 23 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 24 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 25 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 26 * without specific prior written permission. 27 * 28 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 29 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 30 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 31 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 32 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 33 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 34 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 35 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 36 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 37 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 38 * SUCH DAMAGE. 39 * 40 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 41 */ 42 43 #include <sys/param.h> 44 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 45 #include <sys/errno.h> 46 #include <sys/exec.h> 47 #include <sys/kernel.h> 48 #include <sys/mount.h> 49 #include <sys/map.h> 50 #include <sys/proc.h> 51 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 52 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 53 #include <sys/systm.h> 54 #include <sys/vnode.h> 55 #include <sys/conf.h> 56 #include <sys/buf.h> 57 #ifdef REAL_CLISTS 58 #include <sys/clist.h> 59 #endif 60 #include <sys/device.h> 61 #include <sys/protosw.h> 62 #include <sys/reboot.h> 63 #include <sys/user.h> 64 65 #include <sys/syscallargs.h> 66 67 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h> 68 69 #include <machine/cpu.h> 70 71 #include <vm/vm.h> 72 73 char copyright[] = 74 "Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n\tThe Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n\n"; 75 76 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 77 struct session session0; 78 struct pgrp pgrp0; 79 struct proc proc0; 80 struct pcred cred0; 81 struct filedesc0 filedesc0; 82 struct plimit limit0; 83 struct vmspace vmspace0; 84 struct proc *curproc = &proc0; 85 struct proc *initproc, *pageproc; 86 87 int cmask = CMASK; 88 extern struct user *proc0paddr; 89 90 struct vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp; 91 int boothowto; 92 struct timeval boottime; 93 struct timeval runtime; 94 95 static void start_init __P((struct proc *p, void *framep)); 96 97 /* 98 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 99 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 100 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 101 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 102 */ 103 main(framep) 104 void *framep; 105 { 106 register struct proc *p; 107 register struct filedesc0 *fdp; 108 register struct pdevinit *pdev; 109 register int i; 110 int s; 111 register_t rval[2]; 112 extern int (*mountroot) __P((void)); 113 extern struct pdevinit pdevinit[]; 114 extern void roundrobin __P((void *)); 115 extern void schedcpu __P((void *)); 116 117 /* 118 * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before 119 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing. 120 */ 121 p = &proc0; 122 curproc = p; 123 /* 124 * Attempt to find console and initialize 125 * in case of early panic or other messages. 126 */ 127 consinit(); 128 printf(copyright); 129 130 vm_mem_init(); 131 kmeminit(); 132 cpu_startup(); 133 134 /* 135 * Initialize process and pgrp structures. 136 */ 137 procinit(); 138 139 /* 140 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 141 */ 142 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 143 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 144 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 145 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 146 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 147 148 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 149 session0.s_count = 1; 150 session0.s_leader = p; 151 152 p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 153 p->p_stat = SRUN; 154 p->p_nice = NZERO; 155 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 156 157 /* Create credentials. */ 158 cred0.p_refcnt = 1; 159 p->p_cred = &cred0; 160 p->p_ucred = crget(); 161 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 162 163 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 164 fdp = &filedesc0; 165 p->p_fd = &fdp->fd_fd; 166 fdp->fd_fd.fd_refcnt = 1; 167 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cmask = cmask; 168 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofiles = fdp->fd_dfiles; 169 fdp->fd_fd.fd_ofileflags = fdp->fd_dfileflags; 170 fdp->fd_fd.fd_nfiles = NDFILE; 171 172 /* Create the limits structures. */ 173 p->p_limit = &limit0; 174 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++) 175 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = 176 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; 177 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = NOFILE; 178 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = MAXUPRC; 179 i = ptoa(cnt.v_free_count); 180 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = i; 181 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = i; 182 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = i / 3; 183 limit0.p_refcnt = 1; 184 185 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 186 p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0; 187 vmspace0.vm_refcnt = 1; 188 pmap_pinit(&vmspace0.vm_pmap); 189 vm_map_init(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), 190 trunc_page(VM_MAX_ADDRESS), TRUE); 191 vmspace0.vm_map.pmap = &vmspace0.vm_pmap; 192 p->p_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */ 193 194 /* 195 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal 196 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable. 197 */ 198 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; 199 p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts; 200 201 /* 202 * Charge root for one process. 203 */ 204 (void)chgproccnt(0, 1); 205 206 rqinit(); 207 208 /* Configure virtual memory system, set vm rlimits. */ 209 vm_init_limits(p); 210 211 /* Initialize the file systems. */ 212 vfsinit(); 213 214 /* Start real time and statistics clocks. */ 215 initclocks(); 216 217 /* Initialize mbuf's. */ 218 mbinit(); 219 220 #ifdef REAL_CLISTS 221 /* Initialize clists. */ 222 clist_init(); 223 #endif 224 225 #ifdef SYSVSHM 226 /* Initialize System V style shared memory. */ 227 shminit(); 228 #endif 229 230 #ifdef SYSVSEM 231 /* Initialize System V style semaphores. */ 232 seminit(); 233 #endif 234 235 #ifdef SYSVMSG 236 /* Initialize System V style message queues. */ 237 msginit(); 238 #endif 239 240 /* Attach pseudo-devices. */ 241 for (pdev = pdevinit; pdev->pdev_attach != NULL; pdev++) 242 (*pdev->pdev_attach)(pdev->pdev_count); 243 244 /* 245 * Initialize protocols. Block reception of incoming packets 246 * until everything is ready. 247 */ 248 s = splimp(); 249 ifinit(); 250 domaininit(); 251 splx(s); 252 253 #ifdef GPROF 254 /* Initialize kernel profiling. */ 255 kmstartup(); 256 #endif 257 258 /* Kick off timeout driven events by calling first time. */ 259 roundrobin(NULL); 260 schedcpu(NULL); 261 262 /* Mount the root file system. */ 263 if ((*mountroot)()) 264 panic("cannot mount root"); 265 mountlist.tqh_first->mnt_op->vfs_refcount++; 266 267 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir to reference it. */ 268 if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist.tqh_first, &rootvnode)) 269 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 270 fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir = rootvnode; 271 VREF(fdp->fd_fd.fd_cdir); 272 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode); 273 fdp->fd_fd.fd_rdir = NULL; 274 swapinit(); 275 276 /* 277 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time 278 * from the file system. Reset p->p_rtime as it may have been 279 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set. 280 */ 281 p->p_stats->p_start = runtime = mono_time = boottime = time; 282 p->p_rtime.tv_sec = p->p_rtime.tv_usec = 0; 283 284 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 285 siginit(p); 286 287 /* Create process 1 (init(8)). */ 288 if (fork(p, NULL, rval)) 289 panic("fork init"); 290 if (rval[1]) { 291 start_init(curproc, framep); 292 return; 293 } 294 295 /* Create process 2 (the pageout daemon). */ 296 if (fork(p, NULL, rval)) 297 panic("fork pager"); 298 if (rval[1]) { 299 /* 300 * Now in process 2. 301 */ 302 p = curproc; 303 pageproc = p; 304 p->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; /* XXX */ 305 bcopy("pagedaemon", curproc->p_comm, sizeof ("pagedaemon")); 306 vm_pageout(); 307 /* NOTREACHED */ 308 } 309 310 /* The scheduler is an infinite loop. */ 311 scheduler(); 312 /* NOTREACHED */ 313 } 314 315 /* 316 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 317 */ 318 static char *initpaths[] = { 319 "/sbin/init", 320 "/sbin/oinit", 321 "/sbin/init.bak", 322 NULL, 323 }; 324 325 #ifdef DEBUG 326 /* Print things out while trying to start init if startinit_verbose != 0. */ 327 int startinit_verbose = 0; 328 #endif 329 330 /* 331 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths". 332 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 333 */ 334 static void 335 start_init(p, framep) 336 struct proc *p; 337 void *framep; 338 { 339 vm_offset_t addr; 340 struct execve_args /* { 341 syscallarg(char *) path; 342 syscallarg(char **) argp; 343 syscallarg(char **) envp; 344 } */ args; 345 int options, i, error; 346 register_t retval[2]; 347 char flags[4], *flagsp; 348 char **pathp, *path, *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1; 349 350 initproc = p; 351 352 /* 353 * We need to set the system call frame as if we were entered through 354 * a syscall() so that when we call execve() below, it will be able 355 * to set the entry point (see setregs) when it tries to exec. The 356 * startup code in "locore.s" has allocated space for the frame and 357 * passed a pointer to that space as main's argument. 358 */ 359 cpu_set_init_frame(p, framep); 360 361 /* 362 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 363 */ 364 addr = USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE; 365 if (vm_allocate(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, (vm_size_t)PAGE_SIZE, 366 FALSE) != 0) 367 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 368 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 369 370 for (pathp = &initpaths[0]; (path = *pathp) != NULL; pathp++) { 371 ucp = (char *)(addr + PAGE_SIZE); 372 373 /* 374 * Construct the boot flag argument. 375 */ 376 flagsp = flags; 377 *flagsp++ = '-'; 378 options = 0; 379 380 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 381 *flagsp++ = 's'; 382 options = 1; 383 } 384 #ifdef notyet 385 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 386 *flagsp++ = 'f'; 387 options = 1; 388 } 389 #endif 390 391 /* 392 * Move out the flags (arg 1), if necessary. 393 */ 394 if (options != 0) { 395 *flagsp++ = '\0'; 396 i = flagsp - flags; 397 #ifdef DEBUG 398 if (startinit_verbose) 399 printf("init: copying out flags `%s' %d\n", 400 flags, i); 401 #endif 402 (void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i); 403 arg1 = ucp; 404 } 405 406 /* 407 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 408 */ 409 i = strlen(path) + 1; 410 #ifdef DEBUG 411 if (startinit_verbose) 412 printf("init: copying out path `%s' %d\n", path, i); 413 #endif 414 (void)copyout((caddr_t)path, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i); 415 arg0 = ucp; 416 417 /* 418 * Move out the arg pointers. 419 */ 420 uap = (char **)((int)ucp & ~ALIGNBYTES); 421 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, 0); /* terminator */ 422 if (options != 0) 423 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)arg1); 424 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)arg0); 425 426 /* 427 * Point at the arguments. 428 */ 429 SCARG(&args, path) = arg0; 430 SCARG(&args, argp) = uap; 431 SCARG(&args, envp) = NULL; 432 433 /* 434 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 435 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 436 */ 437 if ((error = execve(p, &args, retval)) == 0) 438 return; 439 #ifdef DEBUG 440 if (error != ENOENT || startinit_verbose) 441 #else 442 if (error != ENOENT) 443 #endif 444 printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error); 445 } 446 printf("init: not found\n"); 447 panic("no init"); 448 } 449