xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/init_main.c (revision 479d8f7d843cc1b22d497efdf1f27a50ee8418d4)
1 /*	$NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.489 2017/01/05 03:22:20 pgoyette Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
17  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
18  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
19  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
20  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
21  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
22  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
23  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
24  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
25  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
26  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 /*
30  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
31  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
32  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
33  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
34  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
35  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
36  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
37  *
38  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
39  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
40  * are met:
41  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
42  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
43  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
44  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
45  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
46  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
47  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
48  *    without specific prior written permission.
49  *
50  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
51  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
52  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
53  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
54  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
55  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
56  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
57  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
58  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
59  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
60  * SUCH DAMAGE.
61  *
62  *	@(#)init_main.c	8.16 (Berkeley) 5/14/95
63  */
64 
65 /*
66  * Copyright (c) 1995 Christopher G. Demetriou.  All rights reserved.
67  *
68  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
69  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
70  * are met:
71  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
72  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
73  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
74  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
75  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
76  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
77  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
78  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
79  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
80  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
81  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
82  *    without specific prior written permission.
83  *
84  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
85  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
86  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
87  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
88  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
89  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
90  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
91  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
92  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
93  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
94  * SUCH DAMAGE.
95  *
96  *	@(#)init_main.c	8.16 (Berkeley) 5/14/95
97  */
98 
99 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
100 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.489 2017/01/05 03:22:20 pgoyette Exp $");
101 
102 #include "opt_ddb.h"
103 #include "opt_inet.h"
104 #include "opt_ipsec.h"
105 #include "opt_modular.h"
106 #include "opt_ntp.h"
107 #include "opt_pipe.h"
108 #include "opt_syscall_debug.h"
109 #include "opt_sysv.h"
110 #include "opt_fileassoc.h"
111 #include "opt_ktrace.h"
112 #include "opt_pax.h"
113 #include "opt_compat_netbsd.h"
114 #include "opt_wapbl.h"
115 #include "opt_ptrace.h"
116 #include "opt_rnd_printf.h"
117 #include "opt_splash.h"
118 #include "opt_kernhist.h"
119 
120 #if defined(SPLASHSCREEN) && defined(makeoptions_SPLASHSCREEN_IMAGE)
121 extern void *_binary_splash_image_start;
122 extern void *_binary_splash_image_end;
123 #endif
124 
125 #include "ksyms.h"
126 
127 #include "veriexec.h"
128 
129 #include <sys/param.h>
130 #include <sys/acct.h>
131 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
132 #include <sys/file.h>
133 #include <sys/errno.h>
134 #include <sys/callout.h>
135 #include <sys/cpu.h>
136 #include <sys/cpufreq.h>
137 #include <sys/spldebug.h>
138 #include <sys/kernel.h>
139 #include <sys/mount.h>
140 #include <sys/proc.h>
141 #include <sys/kthread.h>
142 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
143 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
144 #include <sys/systm.h>
145 #include <sys/vnode.h>
146 #include <sys/fstrans.h>
147 #include <sys/tty.h>
148 #include <sys/conf.h>
149 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
150 #include <sys/buf.h>
151 #include <sys/device.h>
152 #include <sys/exec.h>
153 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
154 #include <sys/protosw.h>
155 #include <sys/percpu.h>
156 #include <sys/pserialize.h>
157 #include <sys/pset.h>
158 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
159 #include <sys/reboot.h>
160 #include <sys/event.h>
161 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
162 #include <sys/sched.h>
163 #include <sys/sleepq.h>
164 #include <sys/ipi.h>
165 #include <sys/iostat.h>
166 #include <sys/vmem.h>
167 #include <sys/uuid.h>
168 #include <sys/extent.h>
169 #include <sys/disk.h>
170 #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
171 #include <sys/module.h>
172 #include <sys/event.h>
173 #include <sys/lockf.h>
174 #include <sys/once.h>
175 #include <sys/kcpuset.h>
176 #include <sys/ksyms.h>
177 #include <sys/uidinfo.h>
178 #include <sys/kprintf.h>
179 #include <sys/bufq.h>
180 #ifdef IPSEC
181 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
182 #endif
183 #include <sys/domain.h>
184 #include <sys/namei.h>
185 #include <sys/rnd.h>
186 #include <sys/pipe.h>
187 #if NVERIEXEC > 0
188 #include <sys/verified_exec.h>
189 #endif /* NVERIEXEC > 0 */
190 #ifdef KTRACE
191 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
192 #endif
193 #include <sys/kauth.h>
194 #include <net80211/ieee80211_netbsd.h>
195 #include <sys/cprng.h>
196 
197 #include <sys/syscall.h>
198 #include <sys/syscallargs.h>
199 
200 #include <sys/pax.h>
201 
202 #include <secmodel/secmodel.h>
203 
204 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h>
205 
206 #include <miscfs/genfs/genfs.h>
207 #include <miscfs/specfs/specdev.h>
208 
209 #include <sys/cpu.h>
210 
211 #include <uvm/uvm.h>	/* extern struct uvm uvm */
212 
213 #include <dev/cons.h>
214 #include <dev/splash/splash.h>
215 
216 #include <net/bpf.h>
217 #include <net/if.h>
218 #include <net/raw_cb.h>
219 #include <net/if_llatbl.h>
220 
221 #include <prop/proplib.h>
222 
223 #include <sys/userconf.h>
224 
225 extern struct lwp lwp0;
226 extern time_t rootfstime;
227 
228 #ifndef curlwp
229 struct	lwp *curlwp = &lwp0;
230 #endif
231 struct	proc *initproc;
232 
233 struct	vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp;
234 int	boothowto;
235 int	cold = 1;			/* still working on startup */
236 struct timespec boottime;	        /* time at system startup - will only follow settime deltas */
237 
238 int	start_init_exec;		/* semaphore for start_init() */
239 
240 cprng_strong_t	*kern_cprng;
241 
242 static void check_console(struct lwp *l);
243 static void start_init(void *);
244 static void configure(void);
245 static void configure2(void);
246 static void configure3(void);
247 void main(void);
248 
249 /*
250  * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root
251  * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon.  Most of the
252  * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including
253  * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration.
254  */
255 void
256 main(void)
257 {
258 	struct timespec time;
259 	struct lwp *l;
260 	struct proc *p;
261 	int s, error;
262 #ifdef NVNODE_IMPLICIT
263 	int usevnodes;
264 #endif
265 	CPU_INFO_ITERATOR cii;
266 	struct cpu_info *ci;
267 
268 	l = &lwp0;
269 #ifndef LWP0_CPU_INFO
270 	l->l_cpu = curcpu();
271 #endif
272 	l->l_pflag |= LP_RUNNING;
273 
274 	/*
275 	 * Attempt to find console and initialize
276 	 * in case of early panic or other messages.
277 	 */
278 	consinit();
279 
280 	kernel_lock_init();
281 	once_init();
282 
283 	mi_cpu_init();
284 	kernconfig_lock_init();
285 	kthread_sysinit();
286 
287 	/* Initialize the device switch tables. */
288 	devsw_init();
289 
290 	/* Initialize event counters. */
291 	evcnt_init();
292 
293 	uvm_init();
294 	ubchist_init();
295 	kcpuset_sysinit();
296 
297 	prop_kern_init();
298 
299 #if ((NKSYMS > 0) || (NDDB > 0) || (NMODULAR > 0))
300 	ksyms_init();
301 #endif
302 	kprintf_init();
303 
304 	percpu_init();
305 
306 	/* Initialize lock caches. */
307 	mutex_obj_init();
308 	rw_obj_init();
309 
310 	/* Passive serialization. */
311 	pserialize_init();
312 
313 	/* Initialize the extent manager. */
314 	extent_init();
315 
316 	/* Do machine-dependent initialization. */
317 	cpu_startup();
318 
319 	/* Initialize the sysctl subsystem. */
320 	sysctl_init();
321 
322 	/* Initialize callouts, part 1. */
323 	callout_startup();
324 
325 	/* Initialize the kernel authorization subsystem. */
326 	kauth_init();
327 
328 	secmodel_init();
329 
330 	spec_init();
331 
332 	/*
333 	 * Set BPF op vector.  Can't do this in bpf attach, since
334 	 * network drivers attach before bpf.
335 	 */
336 	bpf_setops();
337 
338 	/* Start module system. */
339 	module_init();
340 
341 	/*
342 	 * Initialize the kernel authorization subsystem and start the
343 	 * default security model, if any. We need to do this early
344 	 * enough so that subsystems relying on any of the aforementioned
345 	 * can work properly. Since the security model may dictate the
346 	 * credential inheritance policy, it is needed at least before
347 	 * any process is created, specifically proc0.
348 	 */
349 	module_init_class(MODULE_CLASS_SECMODEL);
350 
351 	/* Initialize the buffer cache */
352 	bufinit();
353 	biohist_init();
354 
355 #ifdef KERNHIST
356 	sysctl_kernhist_init();
357 #endif
358 
359 
360 #if defined(SPLASHSCREEN) && defined(SPLASHSCREEN_IMAGE)
361 	size_t splash_size = (&_binary_splash_image_end -
362 	    &_binary_splash_image_start) * sizeof(void *);
363 	splash_setimage(&_binary_splash_image_start, splash_size);
364 #endif
365 
366 	/* Initialize sockets. */
367 	soinit();
368 
369 	/*
370 	 * The following things must be done before autoconfiguration.
371 	 */
372 	rnd_init();		/* initialize entropy pool */
373 
374 	cprng_init();		/* initialize cryptographic PRNG */
375 
376 	/* Initialize process and pgrp structures. */
377 	procinit();
378 	lwpinit();
379 
380 	/* Initialize signal-related data structures. */
381 	signal_init();
382 
383 	/* Initialize resource management. */
384 	resource_init();
385 
386 	/* Create process 0. */
387 	proc0_init();
388 	lwp0_init();
389 
390 	/* Disable preemption during boot. */
391 	kpreempt_disable();
392 
393 	/* Initialize the UID hash table. */
394 	uid_init();
395 
396 	/* Charge root for one process. */
397 	(void)chgproccnt(0, 1);
398 
399 	/* Initialize timekeeping. */
400 	time_init();
401 
402 	/* Initialize the run queues, turnstiles and sleep queues. */
403 	sched_rqinit();
404 	turnstile_init();
405 	sleeptab_init(&sleeptab);
406 
407 	sched_init();
408 
409 	/* Initialize processor-sets */
410 	psets_init();
411 
412 	/* Initialize cpufreq(9) */
413 	cpufreq_init();
414 
415 	/* MI initialization of the boot cpu */
416 	error = mi_cpu_attach(curcpu());
417 	KASSERT(error == 0);
418 
419 	/* Initialize timekeeping, part 2. */
420 	time_init2();
421 
422 	/*
423 	 * Initialize mbuf's.  Do this now because we might attempt to
424 	 * allocate mbufs or mbuf clusters during autoconfiguration.
425 	 */
426 	mbinit();
427 
428 	/* Initialize I/O statistics. */
429 	iostat_init();
430 
431 	/* Initialize the log device. */
432 	loginit();
433 
434 	/* Second part of module system initialization. */
435 	module_start_unload_thread();
436 
437 	/* Initialize the file systems. */
438 #ifdef NVNODE_IMPLICIT
439 	/*
440 	 * If maximum number of vnodes in namei vnode cache is not explicitly
441 	 * defined in kernel config, adjust the number such as we use roughly
442 	 * 10% of memory for vnodes and associated data structures in the
443 	 * assumed worst case.  Do not provide fewer than NVNODE vnodes.
444 	 */
445 	usevnodes = calc_cache_size(vmem_size(kmem_arena, VMEM_FREE|VMEM_ALLOC),
446 	    10, VNODE_KMEM_MAXPCT) / VNODE_COST;
447 	if (usevnodes > desiredvnodes)
448 		desiredvnodes = usevnodes;
449 #endif
450 	vfsinit();
451 	lf_init();
452 
453 	/* Initialize fstrans. */
454 	fstrans_init();
455 
456 	/* Initialize the file descriptor system. */
457 	fd_sys_init();
458 
459 	/* Initialize cwd structures */
460 	cwd_sys_init();
461 
462 	/* Initialize kqueue. */
463 	kqueue_init();
464 
465 	inittimecounter();
466 	ntp_init();
467 
468 	/* Initialize tty subsystem. */
469 	tty_init();
470 	ttyldisc_init();
471 
472 	/* Initialize the buffer cache, part 2. */
473 	bufinit2();
474 
475 	/* Initialize the disk wedge subsystem. */
476 	dkwedge_init();
477 
478 	/* Initialize the kernel strong PRNG. */
479 	kern_cprng = cprng_strong_create("kernel", IPL_VM,
480 					 CPRNG_INIT_ANY|CPRNG_REKEY_ANY);
481 
482 	/* Initialize interfaces. */
483 	ifinit1();
484 
485 	spldebug_start();
486 
487 	/* Initialize sockets thread(s) */
488 	soinit1();
489 
490 	/*
491 	 * Initialize the bufq strategy sub-system and any built-in
492 	 * strategy modules - they may be needed by some devices during
493 	 * auto-configuration
494 	 */
495 	bufq_init();
496 	module_init_class(MODULE_CLASS_BUFQ);
497 
498 	/* Configure the system hardware.  This will enable interrupts. */
499 	configure();
500 
501 	/* Once all CPUs are detected, initialize the per-CPU cprng_fast.  */
502 	cprng_fast_init();
503 
504 	ssp_init();
505 
506 	ubc_init();		/* must be after autoconfig */
507 
508 	mm_init();
509 
510 	configure2();
511 
512 	ipi_sysinit();
513 
514 	/* Now timer is working.  Enable preemption. */
515 	kpreempt_enable();
516 
517 	/* Get the threads going and into any sleeps before continuing. */
518 	yield();
519 
520 	/* Enable deferred processing of RNG samples */
521 	rnd_init_softint();
522 
523 #ifdef RND_PRINTF
524 	/* Enable periodic injection of console output into entropy pool */
525 	kprintf_init_callout();
526 #endif
527 
528 	vmem_rehash_start();	/* must be before exec_init */
529 
530 	/* Initialize exec structures */
531 	exec_init(1);		/* seminit calls exithook_establish() */
532 
533 #if NVERIEXEC > 0
534 	/*
535 	 * Initialise the Veriexec subsystem.
536 	 */
537 	veriexec_init();
538 #endif /* NVERIEXEC > 0 */
539 
540 	pax_init();
541 
542 #ifdef	IPSEC
543 	/* Attach network crypto subsystem */
544 	ipsec_attach();
545 #endif
546 
547 	/*
548 	 * Initialize protocols.  Block reception of incoming packets
549 	 * until everything is ready.
550 	 */
551 	s = splnet();
552 	ifinit();
553 #if defined(INET) || defined(INET6)
554 	lltableinit();
555 #endif
556 	domaininit(true);
557 	if_attachdomain();
558 	splx(s);
559 
560 #ifdef GPROF
561 	/* Initialize kernel profiling. */
562 	kmstartup();
563 #endif
564 
565 	/* Initialize system accounting. */
566 	acct_init();
567 
568 #ifndef PIPE_SOCKETPAIR
569 	/* Initialize pipes. */
570 	pipe_init();
571 #endif
572 
573 #ifdef KTRACE
574 	/* Initialize ktrace. */
575 	ktrinit();
576 #endif
577 
578 	machdep_init();
579 
580 	procinit_sysctl();
581 
582 	scdebug_init();
583 
584 	/*
585 	 * Create process 1 (init(8)).  We do this now, as Unix has
586 	 * historically had init be process 1, and changing this would
587 	 * probably upset a lot of people.
588 	 *
589 	 * Note that process 1 won't immediately exec init(8), but will
590 	 * wait for us to inform it that the root file system has been
591 	 * mounted.
592 	 */
593 	if (fork1(l, 0, SIGCHLD, NULL, 0, start_init, NULL, NULL, &initproc))
594 		panic("fork init");
595 
596 	/*
597 	 * Load any remaining builtin modules, and hand back temporary
598 	 * storage to the VM system.  Then require force when loading any
599 	 * remaining un-init'ed built-in modules to avoid later surprises.
600 	 */
601 	module_init_class(MODULE_CLASS_ANY);
602 	module_builtin_require_force();
603 
604 	/*
605 	 * Finalize configuration now that all real devices have been
606 	 * found.  This needs to be done before the root device is
607 	 * selected, since finalization may create the root device.
608 	 */
609 	config_finalize();
610 
611 	sysctl_finalize();
612 
613 	/*
614 	 * Now that autoconfiguration has completed, we can determine
615 	 * the root and dump devices.
616 	 */
617 	cpu_rootconf();
618 	cpu_dumpconf();
619 
620 	/* Mount the root file system. */
621 	do {
622 		domountroothook(root_device);
623 		if ((error = vfs_mountroot())) {
624 			printf("cannot mount root, error = %d\n", error);
625 			boothowto |= RB_ASKNAME;
626 			setroot(root_device,
627 			    (rootdev != NODEV) ? DISKPART(rootdev) : 0);
628 		}
629 	} while (error != 0);
630 	mountroothook_destroy();
631 
632 	configure3();
633 
634 	/*
635 	 * Initialise the time-of-day clock, passing the time recorded
636 	 * in the root filesystem (if any) for use by systems that
637 	 * don't have a non-volatile time-of-day device.
638 	 */
639 	inittodr(rootfstime);
640 
641 	/*
642 	 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time
643 	 * from the file system.  Reset l->l_rtime as it may have been
644 	 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set.
645 	 */
646 	getnanotime(&time);
647 	boottime = time;
648 
649 	mutex_enter(proc_lock);
650 	LIST_FOREACH(p, &allproc, p_list) {
651 		KASSERT((p->p_flag & PK_MARKER) == 0);
652 		mutex_enter(p->p_lock);
653 		TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&p->p_stats->p_start, &time);
654 		LIST_FOREACH(l, &p->p_lwps, l_sibling) {
655 			lwp_lock(l);
656 			memset(&l->l_rtime, 0, sizeof(l->l_rtime));
657 			lwp_unlock(l);
658 		}
659 		mutex_exit(p->p_lock);
660 	}
661 	mutex_exit(proc_lock);
662 	binuptime(&curlwp->l_stime);
663 
664 	for (CPU_INFO_FOREACH(cii, ci)) {
665 		ci->ci_schedstate.spc_lastmod = time_second;
666 	}
667 
668 	/* Create the pageout daemon kernel thread. */
669 	uvm_swap_init();
670 	if (kthread_create(PRI_PGDAEMON, KTHREAD_MPSAFE, NULL, uvm_pageout,
671 	    NULL, NULL, "pgdaemon"))
672 		panic("fork pagedaemon");
673 
674 	/* Create the filesystem syncer kernel thread. */
675 	if (kthread_create(PRI_IOFLUSH, KTHREAD_MPSAFE, NULL, sched_sync,
676 	    NULL, NULL, "ioflush"))
677 		panic("fork syncer");
678 
679 	/* Create the aiodone daemon kernel thread. */
680 	if (workqueue_create(&uvm.aiodone_queue, "aiodoned",
681 	    uvm_aiodone_worker, NULL, PRI_VM, IPL_NONE, WQ_MPSAFE))
682 		panic("fork aiodoned");
683 
684 	/* Wait for final configure threads to complete. */
685 	config_finalize_mountroot();
686 
687 	/*
688 	 * Okay, now we can let init(8) exec!  It's off to userland!
689 	 */
690 	mutex_enter(proc_lock);
691 	start_init_exec = 1;
692 	cv_broadcast(&lbolt);
693 	mutex_exit(proc_lock);
694 
695 	/* The scheduler is an infinite loop. */
696 	uvm_scheduler();
697 	/* NOTREACHED */
698 }
699 
700 /*
701  * Configure the system's hardware.
702  */
703 static void
704 configure(void)
705 {
706 
707 	/* Initialize autoconf data structures. */
708 	config_init_mi();
709 	/*
710 	 * XXX
711 	 * callout_setfunc() requires mutex(9) so it can't be in config_init()
712 	 * on amiga and atari which use config_init() and autoconf(9) fucntions
713 	 * to initialize console devices.
714 	 */
715 	config_twiddle_init();
716 
717 	pmf_init();
718 
719 	/* Initialize driver modules */
720 	module_init_class(MODULE_CLASS_DRIVER);
721 
722 	userconf_init();
723 	if (boothowto & RB_USERCONF)
724 		userconf_prompt();
725 
726 	if ((boothowto & (AB_SILENT|AB_VERBOSE)) == AB_SILENT) {
727 		printf_nolog("Detecting hardware...");
728 	}
729 
730 	/*
731 	 * Do the machine-dependent portion of autoconfiguration.  This
732 	 * sets the configuration machinery here in motion by "finding"
733 	 * the root bus.  When this function returns, we expect interrupts
734 	 * to be enabled.
735 	 */
736 	cpu_configure();
737 }
738 
739 static void
740 configure2(void)
741 {
742 	CPU_INFO_ITERATOR cii;
743 	struct cpu_info *ci;
744 	int s;
745 
746 	/*
747 	 * Now that we've found all the hardware, start the real time
748 	 * and statistics clocks.
749 	 */
750 	initclocks();
751 
752 	cold = 0;	/* clocks are running, we're warm now! */
753 	s = splsched();
754 	curcpu()->ci_schedstate.spc_flags |= SPCF_RUNNING;
755 	splx(s);
756 
757 	/* Boot the secondary processors. */
758 	for (CPU_INFO_FOREACH(cii, ci)) {
759 		uvm_cpu_attach(ci);
760 	}
761 	mp_online = true;
762 #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR)
763 	cpu_boot_secondary_processors();
764 #endif
765 
766 	/* Setup the runqueues and scheduler. */
767 	runq_init();
768 	synch_init();
769 
770 	/*
771 	 * Bus scans can make it appear as if the system has paused, so
772 	 * twiddle constantly while config_interrupts() jobs are running.
773 	 */
774 	config_twiddle_fn(NULL);
775 
776 	/*
777 	 * Create threads to call back and finish configuration for
778 	 * devices that want interrupts enabled.
779 	 */
780 	config_create_interruptthreads();
781 }
782 
783 static void
784 configure3(void)
785 {
786 
787 	/*
788 	 * Create threads to call back and finish configuration for
789 	 * devices that want the mounted root file system.
790 	 */
791 	config_create_mountrootthreads();
792 
793 	/* Get the threads going and into any sleeps before continuing. */
794 	yield();
795 }
796 
797 static void
798 rootconf_handle_wedges(void)
799 {
800 	struct disklabel label;
801 	struct partition *p;
802 	struct vnode *vp;
803 	daddr_t startblk;
804 	uint64_t nblks;
805 	device_t dev;
806 	int error;
807 
808 	if (booted_nblks) {
809 		/*
810 		 * bootloader passed geometry
811 		 */
812 		dev      = booted_device;
813 		startblk = booted_startblk;
814 		nblks    = booted_nblks;
815 
816 		/*
817 		 * keep booted_device and booted_partition
818 		 * in case the kernel doesn't identify a wedge
819 		 */
820 	} else {
821 		/*
822 		 * bootloader passed partition number
823 		 *
824 		 * We cannot ask the partition device directly when it is
825 		 * covered by a wedge. Instead we look up the geometry in
826 		 * the disklabel.
827 		 */
828 		vp = opendisk(booted_device);
829 
830 		if (vp == NULL)
831 			return;
832 
833 		error = VOP_IOCTL(vp, DIOCGDINFO, &label, FREAD, NOCRED);
834 		VOP_CLOSE(vp, FREAD, NOCRED);
835 		vput(vp);
836 		if (error)
837 			return;
838 
839 		KASSERT(booted_partition >= 0
840 			&& booted_partition < MAXPARTITIONS);
841 
842 		p = &label.d_partitions[booted_partition];
843 
844 		dev      = booted_device;
845 		startblk = p->p_offset;
846 		nblks    = p->p_size;
847 	}
848 
849 	dev = dkwedge_find_partition(dev, startblk, nblks);
850 	if (dev != NULL) {
851 		booted_device = dev;
852 		booted_partition = 0;
853 	}
854 }
855 
856 void
857 rootconf(void)
858 {
859 	if (booted_device != NULL)
860 		rootconf_handle_wedges();
861 
862 	setroot(booted_device, booted_partition);
863 }
864 
865 static void
866 check_console(struct lwp *l)
867 {
868 	struct vnode *vp;
869 	int error;
870 
871 	error = namei_simple_kernel("/dev/console",
872 				NSM_FOLLOW_NOEMULROOT, &vp);
873 	if (error == 0)
874 		vrele(vp);
875 	else if (error == ENOENT)
876 		printf("warning: no /dev/console\n");
877 	else
878 		printf("warning: lookup /dev/console: error %d\n", error);
879 }
880 
881 /*
882  * List of paths to try when searching for "init".
883  */
884 static const char * const initpaths[] = {
885 	"/sbin/init",
886 	"/sbin/oinit",
887 	"/sbin/init.bak",
888 	"/rescue/init",
889 	NULL,
890 };
891 
892 /*
893  * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths".
894  * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags.
895  */
896 static void
897 start_init(void *arg)
898 {
899 	struct lwp *l = arg;
900 	struct proc *p = l->l_proc;
901 	vaddr_t addr;
902 	struct sys_execve_args /* {
903 		syscallarg(const char *) path;
904 		syscallarg(char * const *) argp;
905 		syscallarg(char * const *) envp;
906 	} */ args;
907 	int options, i, error;
908 	register_t retval[2];
909 	char flags[4], *flagsp;
910 	const char *path, *slash;
911 	char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1, *argv[3];
912 	char ipath[129];
913 	int ipx, len;
914 
915 	/*
916 	 * Now in process 1.
917 	 */
918 	strncpy(p->p_comm, "init", MAXCOMLEN);
919 
920 	/*
921 	 * Wait for main() to tell us that it's safe to exec.
922 	 */
923 	mutex_enter(proc_lock);
924 	while (start_init_exec == 0)
925 		cv_wait(&lbolt, proc_lock);
926 	mutex_exit(proc_lock);
927 
928 	/*
929 	 * This is not the right way to do this.  We really should
930 	 * hand-craft a descriptor onto /dev/console to hand to init,
931 	 * but that's a _lot_ more work, and the benefit from this easy
932 	 * hack makes up for the "good is the enemy of the best" effect.
933 	 */
934 	check_console(l);
935 
936 	/*
937 	 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments.
938 	 */
939 	addr = (vaddr_t)STACK_ALLOC(USRSTACK, PAGE_SIZE);
940 	if (uvm_map(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, PAGE_SIZE,
941 	    NULL, UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET, 0,
942 	    UVM_MAPFLAG(UVM_PROT_RW, UVM_PROT_RW, UVM_INH_COPY,
943 	    UVM_ADV_NORMAL,
944 	    UVM_FLAG_FIXED|UVM_FLAG_OVERLAY|UVM_FLAG_COPYONW)) != 0)
945 		panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space");
946 	p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (void *)STACK_MAX(addr, PAGE_SIZE);
947 
948 	ipx = 0;
949 	while (1) {
950 		if (boothowto & RB_ASKNAME) {
951 			printf("init path");
952 			if (initpaths[ipx])
953 				printf(" (default %s)", initpaths[ipx]);
954 			printf(": ");
955 			len = cngetsn(ipath, sizeof(ipath)-1);
956 			if (len == 4 && strcmp(ipath, "halt") == 0) {
957 				cpu_reboot(RB_HALT, NULL);
958 			} else if (len == 6 && strcmp(ipath, "reboot") == 0) {
959 				cpu_reboot(0, NULL);
960 #if defined(DDB)
961 			} else if (len == 3 && strcmp(ipath, "ddb") == 0) {
962 				console_debugger();
963 				continue;
964 #endif
965 			} else if (len > 0 && ipath[0] == '/') {
966 				ipath[len] = '\0';
967 				path = ipath;
968 			} else if (len == 0 && initpaths[ipx] != NULL) {
969 				path = initpaths[ipx++];
970 			} else {
971 				printf("use absolute path, ");
972 #if defined(DDB)
973 				printf("\"ddb\", ");
974 #endif
975 				printf("\"halt\", or \"reboot\"\n");
976 				continue;
977 			}
978 		} else {
979 			if ((path = initpaths[ipx++]) == NULL) {
980 				ipx = 0;
981 				boothowto |= RB_ASKNAME;
982 				continue;
983 			}
984 		}
985 
986 		ucp = (char *)USRSTACK;
987 
988 		/*
989 		 * Construct the boot flag argument.
990 		 */
991 		flagsp = flags;
992 		*flagsp++ = '-';
993 		options = 0;
994 
995 		if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
996 			*flagsp++ = 's';
997 			options = 1;
998 		}
999 #ifdef notyet
1000 		if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) {
1001 			*flagsp++ = 'f';
1002 			options = 1;
1003 		}
1004 #endif
1005 
1006 		/*
1007 		 * Move out the flags (arg 1), if necessary.
1008 		 */
1009 		if (options != 0) {
1010 			*flagsp++ = '\0';
1011 			i = flagsp - flags;
1012 #ifdef DEBUG
1013 			aprint_normal("init: copying out flags `%s' %d\n", flags, i);
1014 #endif
1015 			arg1 = STACK_ALLOC(ucp, i);
1016 			ucp = STACK_MAX(arg1, i);
1017 			if ((error = copyout((void *)flags, arg1, i)) != 0)
1018 				goto copyerr;
1019 		} else
1020 			arg1 = NULL;
1021 
1022 		/*
1023 		 * Move out the file name (also arg 0).
1024 		 */
1025 		i = strlen(path) + 1;
1026 #ifdef DEBUG
1027 		aprint_normal("init: copying out path `%s' %d\n", path, i);
1028 #else
1029 		if (boothowto & RB_ASKNAME || path != initpaths[0])
1030 			printf("init: trying %s\n", path);
1031 #endif
1032 		arg0 = STACK_ALLOC(ucp, i);
1033 		ucp = STACK_MAX(arg0, i);
1034 		if ((error = copyout(path, arg0, i)) != 0)
1035 			goto copyerr;
1036 
1037 		/*
1038 		 * Move out the arg pointers.
1039 		 */
1040 		ucp = (void *)STACK_ALIGN(ucp, STACK_ALIGNBYTES);
1041 		uap = (char **)STACK_ALLOC(ucp, sizeof(argv));
1042 		SCARG(&args, path) = arg0;
1043 		SCARG(&args, argp) = uap;
1044 		SCARG(&args, envp) = NULL;
1045 		slash = strrchr(path, '/');
1046 
1047 		argv[0] = slash ? arg0 + (slash + 1 - path) : arg0;
1048 		argv[1] = arg1;
1049 		argv[2] = NULL;
1050 		if ((error = copyout(argv, uap, sizeof(argv))) != 0)
1051 			goto copyerr;
1052 
1053 		/*
1054 		 * Now try to exec the program.  If it can't for any reason
1055 		 * other than it doesn't exist, complain.
1056 		 */
1057 		error = sys_execve(l, &args, retval);
1058 		if (error == 0 || error == EJUSTRETURN) {
1059 			KERNEL_UNLOCK_LAST(l);
1060 			return;
1061 		}
1062 		printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error);
1063 	}
1064 	printf("init: not found\n");
1065 	panic("no init");
1066 copyerr:
1067 	panic("copyout %d", error);
1068 }
1069 
1070 /*
1071  * calculate cache size (in bytes) from physmem and vsize.
1072  */
1073 vaddr_t
1074 calc_cache_size(vsize_t vsize, int pct, int va_pct)
1075 {
1076 	paddr_t t;
1077 
1078 	/* XXX should consider competing cache if any */
1079 	/* XXX should consider submaps */
1080 	t = (uintmax_t)physmem * pct / 100 * PAGE_SIZE;
1081 	if (vsize != 0) {
1082 		vsize = (uintmax_t)vsize * va_pct / 100;
1083 		if (t > vsize) {
1084 			t = vsize;
1085 		}
1086 	}
1087 	return t;
1088 }
1089 
1090 /*
1091  * Print the system start up banner.
1092  *
1093  * - Print a limited banner if AB_SILENT.
1094  * - Always send normal banner to the log.
1095  */
1096 #define MEM_PBUFSIZE	sizeof("99999 MB")
1097 
1098 void
1099 banner(void)
1100 {
1101 	static char notice[] = " Notice: this software is "
1102 	    "protected by copyright";
1103 	char pbuf[81];
1104 	void (*pr)(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
1105 	int i;
1106 
1107 	if ((boothowto & AB_SILENT) != 0) {
1108 		snprintf(pbuf, sizeof(pbuf), "%s %s (%s)",
1109 		    ostype, osrelease, kernel_ident);
1110 		printf_nolog("%s", pbuf);
1111 		for (i = 80 - strlen(pbuf) - sizeof(notice); i > 0; i--)
1112 			printf(" ");
1113 		printf_nolog("%s\n", notice);
1114 		pr = aprint_normal;
1115 	} else {
1116 		pr = printf;
1117 	}
1118 
1119 	memset(pbuf, 0, sizeof(pbuf));
1120 	(*pr)("%s%s", copyright, version);
1121 	format_bytes(pbuf, MEM_PBUFSIZE, ctob((uint64_t)physmem));
1122 	(*pr)("total memory = %s\n", pbuf);
1123 	format_bytes(pbuf, MEM_PBUFSIZE, ctob((uint64_t)uvmexp.free));
1124 	(*pr)("avail memory = %s\n", pbuf);
1125 }
1126