xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/init_main.c (revision 3816d47b2c42fcd6e549e3407f842a5b1a1d23ad)
1 /*	$NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.413 2009/12/23 00:21:38 elad Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2008, 2009 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
17  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
18  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
19  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
20  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
21  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
22  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
23  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
24  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
25  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
26  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 /*
30  * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
31  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
32  * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
33  * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
34  * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
35  * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
36  * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
37  *
38  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
39  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
40  * are met:
41  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
42  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
43  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
44  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
45  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
46  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
47  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
48  *    without specific prior written permission.
49  *
50  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
51  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
52  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
53  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
54  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
55  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
56  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
57  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
58  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
59  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
60  * SUCH DAMAGE.
61  *
62  *	@(#)init_main.c	8.16 (Berkeley) 5/14/95
63  */
64 
65 /*
66  * Copyright (c) 1995 Christopher G. Demetriou.  All rights reserved.
67  *
68  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
69  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
70  * are met:
71  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
72  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
73  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
74  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
75  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
76  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
77  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
78  *	This product includes software developed by the University of
79  *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
80  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
81  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
82  *    without specific prior written permission.
83  *
84  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
85  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
86  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
87  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
88  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
89  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
90  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
91  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
92  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
93  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
94  * SUCH DAMAGE.
95  *
96  *	@(#)init_main.c	8.16 (Berkeley) 5/14/95
97  */
98 
99 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
100 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.413 2009/12/23 00:21:38 elad Exp $");
101 
102 #include "opt_ddb.h"
103 #include "opt_ipsec.h"
104 #include "opt_modular.h"
105 #include "opt_ntp.h"
106 #include "opt_pipe.h"
107 #include "opt_sa.h"
108 #include "opt_syscall_debug.h"
109 #include "opt_sysv.h"
110 #include "opt_fileassoc.h"
111 #include "opt_ktrace.h"
112 #include "opt_pax.h"
113 #include "opt_compat_netbsd.h"
114 #include "opt_wapbl.h"
115 #include "opt_ptrace.h"
116 
117 #include "drvctl.h"
118 #include "ksyms.h"
119 #include "rnd.h"
120 #include "sysmon_envsys.h"
121 #include "sysmon_power.h"
122 #include "sysmon_taskq.h"
123 #include "sysmon_wdog.h"
124 #include "veriexec.h"
125 
126 #include <sys/param.h>
127 #include <sys/acct.h>
128 #include <sys/filedesc.h>
129 #include <sys/file.h>
130 #include <sys/errno.h>
131 #include <sys/callout.h>
132 #include <sys/cpu.h>
133 #include <sys/spldebug.h>
134 #include <sys/kernel.h>
135 #include <sys/mount.h>
136 #include <sys/proc.h>
137 #include <sys/kthread.h>
138 #include <sys/resourcevar.h>
139 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
140 #include <sys/systm.h>
141 #include <sys/vnode.h>
142 #include <sys/fstrans.h>
143 #include <sys/tty.h>
144 #include <sys/conf.h>
145 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
146 #include <sys/buf.h>
147 #include <sys/device.h>
148 #include <sys/exec.h>
149 #include <sys/socketvar.h>
150 #include <sys/protosw.h>
151 #include <sys/percpu.h>
152 #include <sys/pset.h>
153 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
154 #include <sys/reboot.h>
155 #include <sys/event.h>
156 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
157 #include <sys/sched.h>
158 #include <sys/sleepq.h>
159 #include <sys/iostat.h>
160 #include <sys/vmem.h>
161 #include <sys/uuid.h>
162 #include <sys/extent.h>
163 #include <sys/disk.h>
164 #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
165 #include <sys/module.h>
166 #include <sys/event.h>
167 #include <sys/lockf.h>
168 #include <sys/once.h>
169 #include <sys/ksyms.h>
170 #include <sys/uidinfo.h>
171 #include <sys/kprintf.h>
172 #ifdef FAST_IPSEC
173 #include <netipsec/ipsec.h>
174 #endif
175 #ifdef SYSVSHM
176 #include <sys/shm.h>
177 #endif
178 #ifdef SYSVSEM
179 #include <sys/sem.h>
180 #endif
181 #ifdef SYSVMSG
182 #include <sys/msg.h>
183 #endif
184 #include <sys/domain.h>
185 #include <sys/namei.h>
186 #if NRND > 0
187 #include <sys/rnd.h>
188 #endif
189 #include <sys/pipe.h>
190 #if NVERIEXEC > 0
191 #include <sys/verified_exec.h>
192 #endif /* NVERIEXEC > 0 */
193 #ifdef KTRACE
194 #include <sys/ktrace.h>
195 #endif
196 #include <sys/kauth.h>
197 #ifdef WAPBL
198 #include <sys/wapbl.h>
199 #endif
200 #ifdef KERN_SA
201 #include <sys/savar.h>
202 #endif
203 #include <net80211/ieee80211_netbsd.h>
204 #ifdef PTRACE
205 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
206 #endif /* PTRACE */
207 
208 #include <sys/syscall.h>
209 #include <sys/syscallargs.h>
210 
211 #if defined(PAX_MPROTECT) || defined(PAX_SEGVGUARD) || defined(PAX_ASLR)
212 #include <sys/pax.h>
213 #endif /* PAX_MPROTECT || PAX_SEGVGUARD || PAX_ASLR */
214 
215 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h>
216 
217 #include <miscfs/genfs/genfs.h>
218 #include <miscfs/syncfs/syncfs.h>
219 #include <miscfs/specfs/specdev.h>
220 
221 #include <sys/cpu.h>
222 
223 #include <uvm/uvm.h>
224 
225 #if NSYSMON_TASKQ > 0
226 #include <dev/sysmon/sysmon_taskq.h>
227 #endif
228 
229 #include <dev/cons.h>
230 
231 #if NSYSMON_ENVSYS > 0 || NSYSMON_POWER > 0 || NSYSMON_WDOG > 0
232 #include <dev/sysmon/sysmonvar.h>
233 #endif
234 
235 #include <net/if.h>
236 #include <net/raw_cb.h>
237 
238 #include <prop/proplib.h>
239 
240 #ifdef COMPAT_50
241 #include <compat/sys/time.h>
242 struct timeval50 boottime50;
243 #endif
244 
245 #ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
246 #include "opt_userconf.h"
247 #endif
248 #ifdef USERCONF
249 #include <sys/userconf.h>
250 #endif
251 
252 extern struct proc proc0;
253 extern struct lwp lwp0;
254 extern time_t rootfstime;
255 
256 #ifndef curlwp
257 struct	lwp *curlwp = &lwp0;
258 #endif
259 struct	proc *initproc;
260 
261 struct	vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp;
262 int	boothowto;
263 int	cold = 1;			/* still working on startup */
264 struct timespec boottime;	        /* time at system startup - will only follow settime deltas */
265 
266 int	start_init_exec;		/* semaphore for start_init() */
267 
268 static void check_console(struct lwp *l);
269 static void start_init(void *);
270 static void configure(void);
271 static void configure2(void);
272 void main(void);
273 
274 /*
275  * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root
276  * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon.  Most of the
277  * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including
278  * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration.
279  */
280 void
281 main(void)
282 {
283 	struct timespec time;
284 	struct lwp *l;
285 	struct proc *p;
286 	int s, error;
287 #ifdef NVNODE_IMPLICIT
288 	int usevnodes;
289 #endif
290 	CPU_INFO_ITERATOR cii;
291 	struct cpu_info *ci;
292 
293 	l = &lwp0;
294 #ifndef LWP0_CPU_INFO
295 	l->l_cpu = curcpu();
296 #endif
297 	l->l_pflag |= LP_RUNNING;
298 
299 	/*
300 	 * Attempt to find console and initialize
301 	 * in case of early panic or other messages.
302 	 */
303 	consinit();
304 
305 	kernel_lock_init();
306 	once_init();
307 	mutex_init(&cpu_lock, MUTEX_DEFAULT, IPL_NONE);
308 
309 	/* Initialize the device switch tables. */
310 	devsw_init();
311 
312 	uvm_init();
313 
314 	prop_kern_init();
315 
316 #if ((NKSYMS > 0) || (NDDB > 0) || (NMODULAR > 0))
317 	ksyms_init();
318 #endif
319 	kprintf_init();
320 
321 	percpu_init();
322 
323 	/* Initialize lock caches. */
324 	mutex_obj_init();
325 	rw_obj_init();
326 
327 	/* Initialize the extent manager. */
328 	extent_init();
329 
330 	/* Do machine-dependent initialization. */
331 	cpu_startup();
332 
333 	/* Initialize the sysctl subsystem. */
334 	sysctl_init();
335 
336 	/* Initialize callouts, part 1. */
337 	callout_startup();
338 
339 	/* Initialize the kernel authorization subsystem. */
340 	kauth_init();
341 
342 	spec_init();
343 
344 	/* Start module system. */
345 	module_init();
346 
347 	/*
348 	 * Initialize the kernel authorization subsystem and start the
349 	 * default security model, if any. We need to do this early
350 	 * enough so that subsystems relying on any of the aforementioned
351 	 * can work properly. Since the security model may dictate the
352 	 * credential inheritance policy, it is needed at least before
353 	 * any process is created, specifically proc0.
354 	 */
355 	module_init_class(MODULE_CLASS_SECMODEL);
356 
357 	/* Initialize the buffer cache */
358 	bufinit();
359 
360 	/* Initialize sockets. */
361 	soinit();
362 
363 	/*
364 	 * The following things must be done before autoconfiguration.
365 	 */
366 	evcnt_init();		/* initialize event counters */
367 #if NRND > 0
368 	rnd_init();		/* initialize random number generator */
369 #endif
370 
371 	/* Initialize process and pgrp structures. */
372 #ifdef KERN_SA
373 	sa_init();
374 #endif
375 	procinit();
376 	lwpinit();
377 
378 	/* Initialize signal-related data structures. */
379 	signal_init();
380 
381 	/* Initialize resource management. */
382 	resource_init();
383 
384 	/* Create process 0. */
385 	proc0_init();
386 
387 	/* Disable preemption during boot. */
388 	kpreempt_disable();
389 
390 	/* Initialize the UID hash table. */
391 	uid_init();
392 
393 	/* Charge root for one process. */
394 	(void)chgproccnt(0, 1);
395 
396 	/* Initialize timekeeping. */
397 	time_init();
398 
399 	/* Initialize the run queues, turnstiles and sleep queues. */
400 	sched_rqinit();
401 	turnstile_init();
402 	sleeptab_init(&sleeptab);
403 
404 	sched_init();
405 
406 	/* Initialize processor-sets */
407 	psets_init();
408 
409 	/* MI initialization of the boot cpu */
410 	error = mi_cpu_attach(curcpu());
411 	KASSERT(error == 0);
412 
413 	/* Initialize timekeeping, part 2. */
414 	time_init2();
415 
416 	/*
417 	 * Initialize mbuf's.  Do this now because we might attempt to
418 	 * allocate mbufs or mbuf clusters during autoconfiguration.
419 	 */
420 	mbinit();
421 
422 	/* Initialize I/O statistics. */
423 	iostat_init();
424 
425 	/* Initialize the log device. */
426 	loginit();
427 
428 	/* Second part of module system initialization. */
429 	module_init2();
430 
431 	/* Initialize the file systems. */
432 #ifdef NVNODE_IMPLICIT
433 	/*
434 	 * If maximum number of vnodes in namei vnode cache is not explicitly
435 	 * defined in kernel config, adjust the number such as we use roughly
436 	 * 10% of memory for vnodes and associated data structures in the
437 	 * assumed worst case.  Do not provide fewer than NVNODE vnodes.
438 	 */
439 	usevnodes =
440 	    calc_cache_size(kernel_map, 10, VNODE_VA_MAXPCT) / VNODE_COST;
441 	if (usevnodes > desiredvnodes)
442 		desiredvnodes = usevnodes;
443 #endif
444 	vfsinit();
445 	lf_init();
446 
447 	/* Initialize fstrans. */
448 	fstrans_init();
449 
450 	/* Initialize the file descriptor system. */
451 	fd_sys_init();
452 
453 	/* Initialize cwd structures */
454 	cwd_sys_init();
455 
456 	/* Initialize kqueue. */
457 	kqueue_init();
458 
459 	/* Initialize the system monitor subsystems. */
460 #if NSYSMON_TASKQ > 0
461 	sysmon_task_queue_preinit();
462 #endif
463 
464 #if NSYSMON_ENVSYS > 0
465 	sysmon_envsys_init();
466 #endif
467 
468 #if NSYSMON_POWER > 0
469 	sysmon_power_init();
470 #endif
471 
472 #if NSYSMON_WDOG > 0
473 	sysmon_wdog_init();
474 #endif
475 
476 	inittimecounter();
477 	ntp_init();
478 
479 	/* Initialize tty subsystem. */
480 	tty_init();
481 	ttyldisc_init();
482 
483 	/* Initialize the buffer cache, part 2. */
484 	bufinit2();
485 
486 	/* Initialize the disk wedge subsystem. */
487 	dkwedge_init();
488 
489 	/* Initialize interfaces. */
490 	ifinit1();
491 
492 	spldebug_start();
493 
494 	/* Configure the system hardware.  This will enable interrupts. */
495 	configure();
496 
497 	ssp_init();
498 
499 	configure2();
500 	/* Now timer is working.  Enable preemption. */
501 	kpreempt_enable();
502 
503 	ubc_init();		/* must be after autoconfig */
504 
505 #ifdef SYSVSHM
506 	/* Initialize System V style shared memory. */
507 	shminit();
508 #endif
509 
510 #ifdef SYSVSEM
511 	/* Initialize System V style semaphores. */
512 	seminit();
513 #endif
514 
515 #ifdef SYSVMSG
516 	/* Initialize System V style message queues. */
517 	msginit();
518 #endif
519 
520 #if NVERIEXEC > 0
521 	/*
522 	 * Initialise the Veriexec subsystem.
523 	 */
524 	veriexec_init();
525 #endif /* NVERIEXEC > 0 */
526 
527 #if defined(PAX_MPROTECT) || defined(PAX_SEGVGUARD) || defined(PAX_ASLR)
528 	pax_init();
529 #endif /* PAX_MPROTECT || PAX_SEGVGUARD || PAX_ASLR */
530 
531 #ifdef	FAST_IPSEC
532 	/* Attach network crypto subsystem */
533 	ipsec_attach();
534 #endif
535 
536 	/*
537 	 * Initialize protocols.  Block reception of incoming packets
538 	 * until everything is ready.
539 	 */
540 	s = splnet();
541 	ifinit();
542 	domaininit(true);
543 	if_attachdomain();
544 	splx(s);
545 
546 #ifdef GPROF
547 	/* Initialize kernel profiling. */
548 	kmstartup();
549 #endif
550 
551 	/* Initialize system accounting. */
552 	acct_init();
553 
554 #ifndef PIPE_SOCKETPAIR
555 	/* Initialize pipes. */
556 	pipe_init();
557 #endif
558 
559 #ifdef KTRACE
560 	/* Initialize ktrace. */
561 	ktrinit();
562 #endif
563 
564 #ifdef PTRACE
565 	/* Initialize ptrace. */
566 	ptrace_init();
567 #endif /* PTRACE */
568 
569 	/* Initialize the UUID system calls. */
570 	uuid_init();
571 
572 #ifdef WAPBL
573 	/* Initialize write-ahead physical block logging. */
574 	wapbl_init();
575 #endif
576 
577 	machdep_init();
578 
579 	/*
580 	 * Create process 1 (init(8)).  We do this now, as Unix has
581 	 * historically had init be process 1, and changing this would
582 	 * probably upset a lot of people.
583 	 *
584 	 * Note that process 1 won't immediately exec init(8), but will
585 	 * wait for us to inform it that the root file system has been
586 	 * mounted.
587 	 */
588 	if (fork1(l, 0, SIGCHLD, NULL, 0, start_init, NULL, NULL, &initproc))
589 		panic("fork init");
590 
591 	/*
592 	 * Load any remaining builtin modules, and hand back temporary
593 	 * storage to the VM system.
594 	 */
595 	module_init_class(MODULE_CLASS_ANY);
596 
597 	/*
598 	 * Finalize configuration now that all real devices have been
599 	 * found.  This needs to be done before the root device is
600 	 * selected, since finalization may create the root device.
601 	 */
602 	config_finalize();
603 
604 	sysctl_finalize();
605 
606 	/*
607 	 * Now that autoconfiguration has completed, we can determine
608 	 * the root and dump devices.
609 	 */
610 	cpu_rootconf();
611 	cpu_dumpconf();
612 
613 	/* Mount the root file system. */
614 	do {
615 		domountroothook();
616 		if ((error = vfs_mountroot())) {
617 			printf("cannot mount root, error = %d\n", error);
618 			boothowto |= RB_ASKNAME;
619 			setroot(root_device,
620 			    (rootdev != NODEV) ? DISKPART(rootdev) : 0);
621 		}
622 	} while (error != 0);
623 	mountroothook_destroy();
624 
625 	/*
626 	 * Initialise the time-of-day clock, passing the time recorded
627 	 * in the root filesystem (if any) for use by systems that
628 	 * don't have a non-volatile time-of-day device.
629 	 */
630 	inittodr(rootfstime);
631 
632 	/*
633 	 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time
634 	 * from the file system.  Reset l->l_rtime as it may have been
635 	 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set.
636 	 */
637 	getnanotime(&time);
638 	boottime = time;
639 #ifdef COMPAT_50
640 	{
641 		struct timeval tv;
642 		TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&tv, &time);
643 		timeval_to_timeval50(&tv, &boottime50);
644 	}
645 #endif
646 	mutex_enter(proc_lock);
647 	LIST_FOREACH(p, &allproc, p_list) {
648 		KASSERT((p->p_flag & PK_MARKER) == 0);
649 		mutex_enter(p->p_lock);
650 		TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&p->p_stats->p_start, &time);
651 		LIST_FOREACH(l, &p->p_lwps, l_sibling) {
652 			lwp_lock(l);
653 			memset(&l->l_rtime, 0, sizeof(l->l_rtime));
654 			lwp_unlock(l);
655 		}
656 		mutex_exit(p->p_lock);
657 	}
658 	mutex_exit(proc_lock);
659 	binuptime(&curlwp->l_stime);
660 
661 	for (CPU_INFO_FOREACH(cii, ci)) {
662 		ci->ci_schedstate.spc_lastmod = time_second;
663 	}
664 
665 	/* Create the pageout daemon kernel thread. */
666 	uvm_swap_init();
667 	if (kthread_create(PRI_PGDAEMON, KTHREAD_MPSAFE, NULL, uvm_pageout,
668 	    NULL, NULL, "pgdaemon"))
669 		panic("fork pagedaemon");
670 
671 	/* Create the filesystem syncer kernel thread. */
672 	if (kthread_create(PRI_IOFLUSH, KTHREAD_MPSAFE, NULL, sched_sync,
673 	    NULL, NULL, "ioflush"))
674 		panic("fork syncer");
675 
676 	/* Create the aiodone daemon kernel thread. */
677 	if (workqueue_create(&uvm.aiodone_queue, "aiodoned",
678 	    uvm_aiodone_worker, NULL, PRI_VM, IPL_NONE, WQ_MPSAFE))
679 		panic("fork aiodoned");
680 
681 	vmem_rehash_start();
682 
683 	/* Initialize exec structures */
684 	exec_init(1);
685 
686 	/*
687 	 * Okay, now we can let init(8) exec!  It's off to userland!
688 	 */
689 	mutex_enter(proc_lock);
690 	start_init_exec = 1;
691 	cv_broadcast(&lbolt);
692 	mutex_exit(proc_lock);
693 
694 	/* The scheduler is an infinite loop. */
695 	uvm_scheduler();
696 	/* NOTREACHED */
697 }
698 
699 /*
700  * Configure the system's hardware.
701  */
702 static void
703 configure(void)
704 {
705 
706 	/* Initialize autoconf data structures. */
707 	config_init_mi();
708 	/*
709 	 * XXX
710 	 * callout_setfunc() requires mutex(9) so it can't be in config_init()
711 	 * on amiga and atari which use config_init() and autoconf(9) fucntions
712 	 * to initialize console devices.
713 	 */
714 	config_twiddle_init();
715 
716 	pmf_init();
717 #if NDRVCTL > 0
718 	drvctl_init();
719 #endif
720 
721 #ifdef USERCONF
722 	if (boothowto & RB_USERCONF)
723 		user_config();
724 #endif
725 
726 	if ((boothowto & (AB_SILENT|AB_VERBOSE)) == AB_SILENT) {
727 		printf_nolog("Detecting hardware...");
728 	}
729 
730 	/*
731 	 * Do the machine-dependent portion of autoconfiguration.  This
732 	 * sets the configuration machinery here in motion by "finding"
733 	 * the root bus.  When this function returns, we expect interrupts
734 	 * to be enabled.
735 	 */
736 	cpu_configure();
737 }
738 
739 static void
740 configure2(void)
741 {
742 	CPU_INFO_ITERATOR cii;
743 	struct cpu_info *ci;
744 	int s;
745 
746 	/*
747 	 * Now that we've found all the hardware, start the real time
748 	 * and statistics clocks.
749 	 */
750 	initclocks();
751 
752 	cold = 0;	/* clocks are running, we're warm now! */
753 	s = splsched();
754 	curcpu()->ci_schedstate.spc_flags |= SPCF_RUNNING;
755 	splx(s);
756 
757 	/* Boot the secondary processors. */
758 	for (CPU_INFO_FOREACH(cii, ci)) {
759 		uvm_cpu_attach(ci);
760 	}
761 	mp_online = true;
762 #if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR)
763 	cpu_boot_secondary_processors();
764 #endif
765 
766 	/* Setup the runqueues and scheduler. */
767 	runq_init();
768 	synch_init();
769 
770 	/*
771 	 * Bus scans can make it appear as if the system has paused, so
772 	 * twiddle constantly while config_interrupts() jobs are running.
773 	 */
774 	config_twiddle_fn(NULL);
775 
776 	/*
777 	 * Create threads to call back and finish configuration for
778 	 * devices that want interrupts enabled.
779 	 */
780 	config_create_interruptthreads();
781 
782 	/* Get the threads going and into any sleeps before continuing. */
783 	yield();
784 }
785 
786 static void
787 check_console(struct lwp *l)
788 {
789 	struct vnode *vp;
790 	int error;
791 
792 	error = namei_simple_kernel("/dev/console",
793 				NSM_FOLLOW_NOEMULROOT, &vp);
794 	if (error == 0)
795 		vrele(vp);
796 	else if (error == ENOENT)
797 		printf("warning: no /dev/console\n");
798 	else
799 		printf("warning: lookup /dev/console: error %d\n", error);
800 }
801 
802 /*
803  * List of paths to try when searching for "init".
804  */
805 static const char * const initpaths[] = {
806 	"/sbin/init",
807 	"/sbin/oinit",
808 	"/sbin/init.bak",
809 	NULL,
810 };
811 
812 /*
813  * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths".
814  * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags.
815  */
816 static void
817 start_init(void *arg)
818 {
819 	struct lwp *l = arg;
820 	struct proc *p = l->l_proc;
821 	vaddr_t addr;
822 	struct sys_execve_args /* {
823 		syscallarg(const char *) path;
824 		syscallarg(char * const *) argp;
825 		syscallarg(char * const *) envp;
826 	} */ args;
827 	int options, i, error;
828 	register_t retval[2];
829 	char flags[4], *flagsp;
830 	const char *path, *slash;
831 	char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1 = NULL;
832 	char ipath[129];
833 	int ipx, len;
834 
835 	/*
836 	 * Now in process 1.
837 	 */
838 	strncpy(p->p_comm, "init", MAXCOMLEN);
839 
840 	/*
841 	 * Wait for main() to tell us that it's safe to exec.
842 	 */
843 	mutex_enter(proc_lock);
844 	while (start_init_exec == 0)
845 		cv_wait(&lbolt, proc_lock);
846 	mutex_exit(proc_lock);
847 
848 	/*
849 	 * This is not the right way to do this.  We really should
850 	 * hand-craft a descriptor onto /dev/console to hand to init,
851 	 * but that's a _lot_ more work, and the benefit from this easy
852 	 * hack makes up for the "good is the enemy of the best" effect.
853 	 */
854 	check_console(l);
855 
856 	/*
857 	 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments.
858 	 */
859 	addr = (vaddr_t)STACK_ALLOC(USRSTACK, PAGE_SIZE);
860 	if (uvm_map(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, PAGE_SIZE,
861                     NULL, UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET, 0,
862                     UVM_MAPFLAG(UVM_PROT_ALL, UVM_PROT_ALL, UVM_INH_COPY,
863 		    UVM_ADV_NORMAL,
864                     UVM_FLAG_FIXED|UVM_FLAG_OVERLAY|UVM_FLAG_COPYONW)) != 0)
865 		panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space");
866 	p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (void *)STACK_MAX(addr, PAGE_SIZE);
867 
868 	ipx = 0;
869 	while (1) {
870 		if (boothowto & RB_ASKNAME) {
871 			printf("init path");
872 			if (initpaths[ipx])
873 				printf(" (default %s)", initpaths[ipx]);
874 			printf(": ");
875 			len = cngetsn(ipath, sizeof(ipath)-1);
876 			if (len == 4 && strcmp(ipath, "halt") == 0) {
877 				cpu_reboot(RB_HALT, NULL);
878 			} else if (len == 6 && strcmp(ipath, "reboot") == 0) {
879 				cpu_reboot(0, NULL);
880 #if defined(DDB)
881 			} else if (len == 3 && strcmp(ipath, "ddb") == 0) {
882 				console_debugger();
883 				continue;
884 #endif
885 			} else if (len > 0 && ipath[0] == '/') {
886 				ipath[len] = '\0';
887 				path = ipath;
888 			} else if (len == 0 && initpaths[ipx] != NULL) {
889 				path = initpaths[ipx++];
890 			} else {
891 				printf("use absolute path, ");
892 #if defined(DDB)
893 				printf("\"ddb\", ");
894 #endif
895 				printf("\"halt\", or \"reboot\"\n");
896 				continue;
897 			}
898 		} else {
899 			if ((path = initpaths[ipx++]) == NULL) {
900 				ipx = 0;
901 				boothowto |= RB_ASKNAME;
902 				continue;
903 			}
904 		}
905 
906 		ucp = (char *)USRSTACK;
907 
908 		/*
909 		 * Construct the boot flag argument.
910 		 */
911 		flagsp = flags;
912 		*flagsp++ = '-';
913 		options = 0;
914 
915 		if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
916 			*flagsp++ = 's';
917 			options = 1;
918 		}
919 #ifdef notyet
920 		if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) {
921 			*flagsp++ = 'f';
922 			options = 1;
923 		}
924 #endif
925 
926 		/*
927 		 * Move out the flags (arg 1), if necessary.
928 		 */
929 		if (options != 0) {
930 			*flagsp++ = '\0';
931 			i = flagsp - flags;
932 #ifdef DEBUG
933 			printf("init: copying out flags `%s' %d\n", flags, i);
934 #endif
935 			arg1 = STACK_ALLOC(ucp, i);
936 			ucp = STACK_MAX(arg1, i);
937 			(void)copyout((void *)flags, arg1, i);
938 		}
939 
940 		/*
941 		 * Move out the file name (also arg 0).
942 		 */
943 		i = strlen(path) + 1;
944 #ifdef DEBUG
945 		printf("init: copying out path `%s' %d\n", path, i);
946 #else
947 		if (boothowto & RB_ASKNAME || path != initpaths[0])
948 			printf("init: trying %s\n", path);
949 #endif
950 		arg0 = STACK_ALLOC(ucp, i);
951 		ucp = STACK_MAX(arg0, i);
952 		(void)copyout(path, arg0, i);
953 
954 		/*
955 		 * Move out the arg pointers.
956 		 */
957 		ucp = (void *)STACK_ALIGN(ucp, ALIGNBYTES);
958 		uap = (char **)STACK_ALLOC(ucp, sizeof(char *) * 3);
959 		SCARG(&args, path) = arg0;
960 		SCARG(&args, argp) = uap;
961 		SCARG(&args, envp) = NULL;
962 		slash = strrchr(path, '/');
963 		if (slash)
964 			(void)suword((void *)uap++,
965 			    (long)arg0 + (slash + 1 - path));
966 		else
967 			(void)suword((void *)uap++, (long)arg0);
968 		if (options != 0)
969 			(void)suword((void *)uap++, (long)arg1);
970 		(void)suword((void *)uap++, 0);	/* terminator */
971 
972 		/*
973 		 * Now try to exec the program.  If can't for any reason
974 		 * other than it doesn't exist, complain.
975 		 */
976 		error = sys_execve(l, &args, retval);
977 		if (error == 0 || error == EJUSTRETURN) {
978 			KERNEL_UNLOCK_LAST(l);
979 			return;
980 		}
981 		printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error);
982 	}
983 	printf("init: not found\n");
984 	panic("no init");
985 }
986 
987 /*
988  * calculate cache size from physmem and vm_map size.
989  */
990 vaddr_t
991 calc_cache_size(struct vm_map *map, int pct, int va_pct)
992 {
993 	paddr_t t;
994 
995 	/* XXX should consider competing cache if any */
996 	/* XXX should consider submaps */
997 	t = (uintmax_t)physmem * pct / 100 * PAGE_SIZE;
998 	if (map != NULL) {
999 		vsize_t vsize;
1000 
1001 		vsize = vm_map_max(map) - vm_map_min(map);
1002 		vsize = (uintmax_t)vsize * va_pct / 100;
1003 		if (t > vsize) {
1004 			t = vsize;
1005 		}
1006 	}
1007 	return t;
1008 }
1009 
1010 /*
1011  * Print the system start up banner.
1012  *
1013  * - Print a limited banner if AB_SILENT.
1014  * - Always send normal banner to the log.
1015  */
1016 #define MEM_PBUFSIZE	sizeof("99999 MB")
1017 
1018 void
1019 banner(void)
1020 {
1021 	static char notice[] = " Notice: this software is "
1022 	    "protected by copyright";
1023 	char pbuf[81];
1024 	void (*pr)(const char *, ...);
1025 	int i;
1026 
1027 	if ((boothowto & AB_SILENT) != 0) {
1028 		snprintf(pbuf, sizeof(pbuf), "%s %s (%s)",
1029 		    ostype, osrelease, kernel_ident);
1030 		printf_nolog("%s", pbuf);
1031 		for (i = 80 - strlen(pbuf) - sizeof(notice); i > 0; i--)
1032 			printf(" ");
1033 		printf_nolog("%s\n", notice);
1034 		pr = aprint_normal;
1035 	} else {
1036 		pr = printf;
1037 	}
1038 
1039 	memset(pbuf, 0, sizeof(pbuf));
1040 	(*pr)("%s%s", copyright, version);
1041 	format_bytes(pbuf, MEM_PBUFSIZE, ctob((uint64_t)physmem));
1042 	(*pr)("total memory = %s\n", pbuf);
1043 	format_bytes(pbuf, MEM_PBUFSIZE, ctob((uint64_t)uvmexp.free));
1044 	(*pr)("avail memory = %s\n", pbuf);
1045 }
1046