1 /* $NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.101 1997/06/14 04:18:34 thorpej Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1995 Christopher G. Demetriou. All rights reserved. 5 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993 6 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 7 * (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 8 * All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed 9 * to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph 10 * Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with 11 * the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. 12 * 13 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 14 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 15 * are met: 16 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 18 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 19 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 20 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 21 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 22 * must display the following acknowledgement: 23 * This product includes software developed by the University of 24 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 25 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 26 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 27 * without specific prior written permission. 28 * 29 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 30 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 31 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 32 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 33 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 34 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 35 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 36 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 37 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 38 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 39 * SUCH DAMAGE. 40 * 41 * @(#)init_main.c 8.9 (Berkeley) 1/21/94 42 */ 43 44 #include <sys/param.h> 45 #include <sys/filedesc.h> 46 #include <sys/errno.h> 47 #include <sys/exec.h> 48 #include <sys/kernel.h> 49 #include <sys/mount.h> 50 #include <sys/map.h> 51 #include <sys/proc.h> 52 #include <sys/resourcevar.h> 53 #include <sys/signalvar.h> 54 #include <sys/systm.h> 55 #include <sys/vnode.h> 56 #include <sys/tty.h> 57 #include <sys/conf.h> 58 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 59 #include <sys/buf.h> 60 #ifdef REAL_CLISTS 61 #include <sys/clist.h> 62 #endif 63 #include <sys/device.h> 64 #include <sys/protosw.h> 65 #include <sys/reboot.h> 66 #include <sys/user.h> 67 #ifdef SYSVSHM 68 #include <sys/shm.h> 69 #endif 70 #ifdef SYSVSEM 71 #include <sys/sem.h> 72 #endif 73 #ifdef SYSVMSG 74 #include <sys/msg.h> 75 #endif 76 #include <sys/domain.h> 77 #include <sys/mbuf.h> 78 #include <sys/namei.h> 79 80 #include <sys/syscall.h> 81 #include <sys/syscallargs.h> 82 83 #include <ufs/ufs/quota.h> 84 85 #include <machine/cpu.h> 86 87 #include <vm/vm.h> 88 #include <vm/vm_pageout.h> 89 90 #include <net/if.h> 91 #include <net/raw_cb.h> 92 93 char copyright[] = 94 "Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n\n"; 95 96 /* Components of the first process -- never freed. */ 97 struct session session0; 98 struct pgrp pgrp0; 99 struct proc proc0; 100 struct pcred cred0; 101 struct filedesc0 filedesc0; 102 struct plimit limit0; 103 struct vmspace vmspace0; 104 struct proc *curproc = &proc0; 105 struct proc *initproc, *pageproc; 106 107 int cmask = CMASK; 108 extern struct user *proc0paddr; 109 110 struct vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp; 111 int boothowto; 112 struct timeval boottime; 113 struct timeval runtime; 114 115 static void check_console __P((struct proc *p)); 116 static void start_init __P((struct proc *)); 117 static void start_pagedaemon __P((struct proc *)); 118 void main __P((void *)); 119 120 #ifdef cpu_set_init_frame 121 void *initframep; /* XXX should go away */ 122 #endif 123 124 extern char sigcode[], esigcode[]; 125 #ifdef SYSCALL_DEBUG 126 extern char *syscallnames[]; 127 #endif 128 129 struct emul emul_netbsd = { 130 "netbsd", 131 NULL, 132 sendsig, 133 SYS_syscall, 134 SYS_MAXSYSCALL, 135 sysent, 136 #ifdef SYSCALL_DEBUG 137 syscallnames, 138 #else 139 NULL, 140 #endif 141 0, 142 copyargs, 143 setregs, 144 sigcode, 145 esigcode, 146 }; 147 148 /* 149 * System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root 150 * filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the 151 * hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including 152 * startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration. 153 */ 154 void 155 main(framep) 156 void *framep; /* XXX should go away */ 157 { 158 register struct proc *p; 159 register struct pdevinit *pdev; 160 register int i; 161 int s, error; 162 register_t rval[2]; 163 extern struct pdevinit pdevinit[]; 164 extern void roundrobin __P((void *)); 165 extern void schedcpu __P((void *)); 166 extern void disk_init __P((void)); 167 #if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFS) 168 extern void nfs_init __P((void)); 169 #endif 170 171 /* 172 * Initialize the current process pointer (curproc) before 173 * any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing. 174 */ 175 p = &proc0; 176 curproc = p; 177 /* 178 * Attempt to find console and initialize 179 * in case of early panic or other messages. 180 */ 181 consinit(); 182 printf(copyright); 183 184 vm_mem_init(); 185 kmeminit(); 186 disk_init(); /* must come before autoconfiguration */ 187 tty_init(); /* initialise tty list */ 188 config_init(); /* init autoconfiguration data structures */ 189 cpu_startup(); 190 191 /* 192 * Initialize process and pgrp structures. 193 */ 194 procinit(); 195 196 /* 197 * Create process 0 (the swapper). 198 */ 199 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list); 200 p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0; 201 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash); 202 LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members); 203 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist); 204 205 pgrp0.pg_session = &session0; 206 session0.s_count = 1; 207 session0.s_leader = p; 208 209 p->p_flag = P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; 210 p->p_stat = SRUN; 211 p->p_nice = NZERO; 212 p->p_emul = &emul_netbsd; 213 bcopy("swapper", p->p_comm, sizeof ("swapper")); 214 215 /* Create credentials. */ 216 cred0.p_refcnt = 1; 217 p->p_cred = &cred0; 218 p->p_ucred = crget(); 219 p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */ 220 221 /* Create the file descriptor table. */ 222 p->p_fd = &filedesc0.fd_fd; 223 filedesc0.fd_fd.fd_refcnt = 1; 224 filedesc0.fd_fd.fd_cmask = cmask; 225 filedesc0.fd_fd.fd_ofiles = filedesc0.fd_dfiles; 226 filedesc0.fd_fd.fd_ofileflags = filedesc0.fd_dfileflags; 227 filedesc0.fd_fd.fd_nfiles = NDFILE; 228 229 /* Create the limits structures. */ 230 p->p_limit = &limit0; 231 for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++) 232 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur = 233 limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY; 234 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur = NOFILE; 235 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur = MAXUPRC; 236 i = ptoa(cnt.v_free_count); 237 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = i; 238 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = i; 239 limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = i / 3; 240 limit0.p_refcnt = 1; 241 242 /* Allocate a prototype map so we have something to fork. */ 243 p->p_vmspace = vmspace_alloc(round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS), 244 trunc_page(VM_MAX_ADDRESS), TRUE); 245 246 p->p_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */ 247 248 /* 249 * We continue to place resource usage info and signal 250 * actions in the user struct so they're pageable. 251 */ 252 p->p_stats = &p->p_addr->u_stats; 253 p->p_sigacts = &p->p_addr->u_sigacts; 254 255 /* 256 * Charge root for one process. 257 */ 258 (void)chgproccnt(0, 1); 259 260 rqinit(); 261 262 /* Configure virtual memory system, set vm rlimits. */ 263 vm_init_limits(p); 264 265 /* Initialize the file systems. */ 266 #if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFS) 267 nfs_init(); /* initialize server/shared data */ 268 #endif 269 vfsinit(); 270 271 /* Start real time and statistics clocks. */ 272 initclocks(); 273 274 /* Initialize mbuf's. */ 275 mbinit(); 276 277 #ifdef REAL_CLISTS 278 /* Initialize clists. */ 279 clist_init(); 280 #endif 281 282 #ifdef SYSVSHM 283 /* Initialize System V style shared memory. */ 284 shminit(); 285 #endif 286 287 #ifdef SYSVSEM 288 /* Initialize System V style semaphores. */ 289 seminit(); 290 #endif 291 292 #ifdef SYSVMSG 293 /* Initialize System V style message queues. */ 294 msginit(); 295 #endif 296 297 /* Attach pseudo-devices. */ 298 for (pdev = pdevinit; pdev->pdev_attach != NULL; pdev++) 299 (*pdev->pdev_attach)(pdev->pdev_count); 300 301 /* 302 * Initialize protocols. Block reception of incoming packets 303 * until everything is ready. 304 */ 305 s = splimp(); 306 ifinit(); 307 domaininit(); 308 splx(s); 309 310 #ifdef GPROF 311 /* Initialize kernel profiling. */ 312 kmstartup(); 313 #endif 314 315 /* Kick off timeout driven events by calling first time. */ 316 roundrobin(NULL); 317 schedcpu(NULL); 318 319 /* Determine the root and dump devices. */ 320 cpu_rootconf(); 321 cpu_dumpconf(); 322 323 /* Mount the root file system. */ 324 do { 325 domountroothook(); 326 if ((error = vfs_mountroot())) { 327 printf("cannot mount root, error = %d\n", error); 328 boothowto |= RB_ASKNAME; 329 setroot(root_device, 330 (rootdev != NODEV) ? DISKPART(rootdev) : 0, NULL); 331 } 332 } while (error != 0); 333 mountroothook_destroy(); 334 335 mountlist.cqh_first->mnt_flag |= MNT_ROOTFS; 336 mountlist.cqh_first->mnt_op->vfs_refcount++; 337 338 /* Get the vnode for '/'. Set filedesc0.fd_fd.fd_cdir to reference it. */ 339 if (VFS_ROOT(mountlist.cqh_first, &rootvnode)) 340 panic("cannot find root vnode"); 341 filedesc0.fd_fd.fd_cdir = rootvnode; 342 VREF(filedesc0.fd_fd.fd_cdir); 343 VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode); 344 filedesc0.fd_fd.fd_rdir = NULL; 345 swapinit(); 346 347 /* 348 * Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time 349 * from the file system. Reset p->p_rtime as it may have been 350 * munched in mi_switch() after the time got set. 351 */ 352 p->p_stats->p_start = runtime = mono_time = boottime = time; 353 p->p_rtime.tv_sec = p->p_rtime.tv_usec = 0; 354 355 /* Initialize signal state for process 0. */ 356 siginit(p); 357 358 /* Create process 1 (init(8)). */ 359 if (sys_fork(p, NULL, rval)) 360 panic("fork init"); 361 #ifdef cpu_set_init_frame /* XXX should go away */ 362 if (rval[1]) { 363 /* 364 * Now in process 1. 365 */ 366 initframep = framep; 367 start_init(curproc); 368 return; 369 } 370 #else 371 cpu_set_kpc(pfind(1), start_init); 372 #endif 373 374 /* Create process 2 (the pageout daemon). */ 375 if (sys_fork(p, NULL, rval)) 376 panic("fork pager"); 377 #ifdef cpu_set_init_frame /* XXX should go away */ 378 if (rval[1]) { 379 /* 380 * Now in process 2. 381 */ 382 start_pagedaemon(curproc); 383 } 384 #else 385 cpu_set_kpc(pfind(2), start_pagedaemon); 386 #endif 387 388 /* The scheduler is an infinite loop. */ 389 scheduler(); 390 /* NOTREACHED */ 391 } 392 393 static void 394 check_console(p) 395 struct proc *p; 396 { 397 struct nameidata nd; 398 int error; 399 400 NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, FOLLOW, UIO_SYSSPACE, "/dev/console", p); 401 error = namei(&nd); 402 if (error == 0) 403 vrele(nd.ni_vp); 404 else if (error == ENOENT) 405 printf("warning: no /dev/console\n"); 406 else 407 printf("warning: lookup /dev/console: error %d\n", error); 408 } 409 410 /* 411 * List of paths to try when searching for "init". 412 */ 413 static char *initpaths[] = { 414 "/sbin/init", 415 "/sbin/oinit", 416 "/sbin/init.bak", 417 NULL, 418 }; 419 420 /* 421 * Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths". 422 * The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags. 423 */ 424 static void 425 start_init(p) 426 struct proc *p; 427 { 428 vm_offset_t addr; 429 struct sys_execve_args /* { 430 syscallarg(char *) path; 431 syscallarg(char * const *) argp; 432 syscallarg(char * const *) envp; 433 } */ args; 434 int options, i, error; 435 register_t retval[2]; 436 char flags[4], *flagsp; 437 char **pathp, *path, *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1 = NULL; 438 439 /* 440 * Now in process 1. 441 */ 442 initproc = p; 443 444 #ifdef cpu_set_init_frame /* XXX should go away */ 445 /* 446 * We need to set the system call frame as if we were entered through 447 * a syscall() so that when we call sys_execve() below, it will be able 448 * to set the entry point (see setregs) when it tries to exec. The 449 * startup code in "locore.s" has allocated space for the frame and 450 * passed a pointer to that space as main's argument. 451 */ 452 cpu_set_init_frame(p, initframep); 453 #endif 454 455 /* 456 * This is not the right way to do this. We really should 457 * hand-craft a descriptor onto /dev/console to hand to init, 458 * but that's a _lot_ more work, and the benefit from this easy 459 * hack makes up for the "good is the enemy of the best" effect. 460 */ 461 check_console(p); 462 463 /* 464 * Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments. 465 */ 466 addr = USRSTACK - PAGE_SIZE; 467 if (vm_allocate(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, (vm_size_t)PAGE_SIZE, 468 FALSE) != 0) 469 panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space"); 470 p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)addr; 471 472 for (pathp = &initpaths[0]; (path = *pathp) != NULL; pathp++) { 473 ucp = (char *)(addr + PAGE_SIZE); 474 475 /* 476 * Construct the boot flag argument. 477 */ 478 flagsp = flags; 479 *flagsp++ = '-'; 480 options = 0; 481 482 if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) { 483 *flagsp++ = 's'; 484 options = 1; 485 } 486 #ifdef notyet 487 if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) { 488 *flagsp++ = 'f'; 489 options = 1; 490 } 491 #endif 492 493 /* 494 * Move out the flags (arg 1), if necessary. 495 */ 496 if (options != 0) { 497 *flagsp++ = '\0'; 498 i = flagsp - flags; 499 #ifdef DEBUG 500 printf("init: copying out flags `%s' %d\n", flags, i); 501 #endif 502 (void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i); 503 arg1 = ucp; 504 } 505 506 /* 507 * Move out the file name (also arg 0). 508 */ 509 i = strlen(path) + 1; 510 #ifdef DEBUG 511 printf("init: copying out path `%s' %d\n", path, i); 512 #endif 513 (void)copyout((caddr_t)path, (caddr_t)(ucp -= i), i); 514 arg0 = ucp; 515 516 /* 517 * Move out the arg pointers. 518 */ 519 uap = (char **)((long)ucp & ~ALIGNBYTES); 520 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, 0); /* terminator */ 521 if (options != 0) 522 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)arg1); 523 (void)suword((caddr_t)--uap, (long)arg0); 524 525 /* 526 * Point at the arguments. 527 */ 528 SCARG(&args, path) = arg0; 529 SCARG(&args, argp) = uap; 530 SCARG(&args, envp) = NULL; 531 532 /* 533 * Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason 534 * other than it doesn't exist, complain. 535 */ 536 if ((error = sys_execve(p, &args, retval)) == 0) 537 return; 538 if (error != ENOENT) 539 printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error); 540 } 541 printf("init: not found\n"); 542 panic("no init"); 543 } 544 545 static void 546 start_pagedaemon(p) 547 struct proc *p; 548 { 549 550 /* 551 * Now in process 2. 552 */ 553 pageproc = p; 554 p->p_flag |= P_INMEM | P_SYSTEM; /* XXX */ 555 bcopy("pagedaemon", curproc->p_comm, sizeof ("pagedaemon")); 556 vm_pageout(); 557 /* NOTREACHED */ 558 } 559