xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/exec_elf.c (revision 9aa0541bdf64142d9a27c2cf274394d60182818f)
1 /*	$NetBSD: exec_elf.c,v 1.32 2011/08/27 17:53:21 reinoud Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1994, 2000, 2005 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Christos Zoulas.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 /*
33  * Copyright (c) 1996 Christopher G. Demetriou
34  * All rights reserved.
35  *
36  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
37  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
38  * are met:
39  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
40  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
41  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
42  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
43  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
44  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
45  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission
46  *
47  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
48  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
49  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
50  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
51  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
52  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
53  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
54  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
55  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
56  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
57  */
58 
59 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
60 __KERNEL_RCSID(1, "$NetBSD: exec_elf.c,v 1.32 2011/08/27 17:53:21 reinoud Exp $");
61 
62 #ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
63 #include "opt_pax.h"
64 #endif /* _KERNEL_OPT */
65 
66 #include <sys/param.h>
67 #include <sys/proc.h>
68 #include <sys/malloc.h>
69 #include <sys/kmem.h>
70 #include <sys/namei.h>
71 #include <sys/vnode.h>
72 #include <sys/exec.h>
73 #include <sys/exec_elf.h>
74 #include <sys/syscall.h>
75 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
76 #include <sys/mount.h>
77 #include <sys/stat.h>
78 #include <sys/kauth.h>
79 #include <sys/bitops.h>
80 
81 #include <sys/cpu.h>
82 #include <machine/reg.h>
83 
84 #include <compat/common/compat_util.h>
85 
86 #include <sys/pax.h>
87 
88 extern struct emul emul_netbsd;
89 
90 #define elf_check_header	ELFNAME(check_header)
91 #define elf_copyargs		ELFNAME(copyargs)
92 #define elf_load_file		ELFNAME(load_file)
93 #define elf_load_psection	ELFNAME(load_psection)
94 #define exec_elf_makecmds	ELFNAME2(exec,makecmds)
95 #define netbsd_elf_signature	ELFNAME2(netbsd,signature)
96 #define netbsd_elf_probe	ELFNAME2(netbsd,probe)
97 #define	coredump		ELFNAMEEND(coredump)
98 
99 int	elf_load_file(struct lwp *, struct exec_package *, char *,
100 	    struct exec_vmcmd_set *, u_long *, struct elf_args *, Elf_Addr *);
101 void	elf_load_psection(struct exec_vmcmd_set *, struct vnode *,
102 	    const Elf_Phdr *, Elf_Addr *, u_long *, int *, int);
103 
104 int	netbsd_elf_signature(struct lwp *, struct exec_package *, Elf_Ehdr *);
105 int	netbsd_elf_probe(struct lwp *, struct exec_package *, void *, char *,
106 	    vaddr_t *);
107 
108 /* round up and down to page boundaries. */
109 #define	ELF_ROUND(a, b)		(((a) + (b) - 1) & ~((b) - 1))
110 #define	ELF_TRUNC(a, b)		((a) & ~((b) - 1))
111 
112 /*
113  * Arbitrary limits to avoid DoS for excessive memory allocation.
114  */
115 #define MAXPHNUM	128
116 #define MAXSHNUM	32768
117 #define MAXNOTESIZE	1024
118 
119 static void
120 elf_placedynexec(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp, Elf_Ehdr *eh,
121     Elf_Phdr *ph)
122 {
123 	Elf_Addr align, offset;
124 	int i;
125 
126 	for (align = i = 0; i < eh->e_phnum; i++)
127 		if (ph[i].p_type == PT_LOAD && ph[i].p_align > align)
128 			align = ph[i].p_align;
129 
130 #ifdef PAX_ASLR
131 	if (pax_aslr_active(l)) {
132 		size_t pax_align, l2, delta;
133 		uint32_t r;
134 
135 		pax_align = align;
136 
137 		r = arc4random();
138 
139 		if (pax_align == 0)
140 			pax_align = PGSHIFT;
141 		l2 = ilog2(pax_align);
142 		delta = PAX_ASLR_DELTA(r, l2, PAX_ASLR_DELTA_EXEC_LEN);
143 		offset = ELF_TRUNC(delta, pax_align) + PAGE_SIZE;
144 #ifdef PAX_ASLR_DEBUG
145 		uprintf("r=0x%x l2=0x%zx PGSHIFT=0x%x Delta=0x%zx\n", r, l2,
146 		    PGSHIFT, delta);
147 		uprintf("pax offset=0x%llx entry=0x%llx\n",
148 		    (unsigned long long)offset,
149 		    (unsigned long long)eh->e_entry);
150 #endif /* PAX_ASLR_DEBUG */
151 	} else
152 #endif /* PAX_ASLR */
153 		offset = MAX(align, PAGE_SIZE);
154 
155 	offset += epp->ep_vm_minaddr;
156 
157 	for (i = 0; i < eh->e_phnum; i++)
158 		ph[i].p_vaddr += offset;
159 	eh->e_entry += offset;
160 }
161 
162 /*
163  * Copy arguments onto the stack in the normal way, but add some
164  * extra information in case of dynamic binding.
165  */
166 int
167 elf_copyargs(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *pack,
168     struct ps_strings *arginfo, char **stackp, void *argp)
169 {
170 	size_t len, vlen;
171 	AuxInfo ai[ELF_AUX_ENTRIES], *a, *execname;
172 	struct elf_args *ap;
173 	int error;
174 
175 	if ((error = copyargs(l, pack, arginfo, stackp, argp)) != 0)
176 		return error;
177 
178 	a = ai;
179 	execname = NULL;
180 
181 	/*
182 	 * Push extra arguments on the stack needed by dynamically
183 	 * linked binaries
184 	 */
185 	if ((ap = (struct elf_args *)pack->ep_emul_arg)) {
186 		struct vattr *vap = pack->ep_vap;
187 
188 		a->a_type = AT_PHDR;
189 		a->a_v = ap->arg_phaddr;
190 		a++;
191 
192 		a->a_type = AT_PHENT;
193 		a->a_v = ap->arg_phentsize;
194 		a++;
195 
196 		a->a_type = AT_PHNUM;
197 		a->a_v = ap->arg_phnum;
198 		a++;
199 
200 		a->a_type = AT_PAGESZ;
201 		a->a_v = PAGE_SIZE;
202 		a++;
203 
204 		a->a_type = AT_BASE;
205 		a->a_v = ap->arg_interp;
206 		a++;
207 
208 		a->a_type = AT_FLAGS;
209 		a->a_v = 0;
210 		a++;
211 
212 		a->a_type = AT_ENTRY;
213 		a->a_v = ap->arg_entry;
214 		a++;
215 
216 		a->a_type = AT_EUID;
217 		if (vap->va_mode & S_ISUID)
218 			a->a_v = vap->va_uid;
219 		else
220 			a->a_v = kauth_cred_geteuid(l->l_cred);
221 		a++;
222 
223 		a->a_type = AT_RUID;
224 		a->a_v = kauth_cred_getuid(l->l_cred);
225 		a++;
226 
227 		a->a_type = AT_EGID;
228 		if (vap->va_mode & S_ISGID)
229 			a->a_v = vap->va_gid;
230 		else
231 			a->a_v = kauth_cred_getegid(l->l_cred);
232 		a++;
233 
234 		a->a_type = AT_RGID;
235 		a->a_v = kauth_cred_getgid(l->l_cred);
236 		a++;
237 
238 		if (pack->ep_path) {
239 			execname = a;
240 			a->a_type = AT_SUN_EXECNAME;
241 			a++;
242 		}
243 
244 		free(ap, M_TEMP);
245 		pack->ep_emul_arg = NULL;
246 	}
247 
248 	a->a_type = AT_NULL;
249 	a->a_v = 0;
250 	a++;
251 
252 	vlen = (a - ai) * sizeof(AuxInfo);
253 
254 	if (execname) {
255 		char *path = pack->ep_path;
256 		execname->a_v = (uintptr_t)(*stackp + vlen);
257 		len = strlen(path) + 1;
258 		if ((error = copyout(path, (*stackp + vlen), len)) != 0)
259 			return error;
260 		len = ALIGN(len);
261 	} else
262 		len = 0;
263 
264 	if ((error = copyout(ai, *stackp, vlen)) != 0)
265 		return error;
266 	*stackp += vlen + len;
267 
268 	return 0;
269 }
270 
271 /*
272  * elf_check_header():
273  *
274  * Check header for validity; return 0 of ok ENOEXEC if error
275  */
276 int
277 elf_check_header(Elf_Ehdr *eh, int type)
278 {
279 
280 	if (memcmp(eh->e_ident, ELFMAG, SELFMAG) != 0 ||
281 	    eh->e_ident[EI_CLASS] != ELFCLASS)
282 		return ENOEXEC;
283 
284 	switch (eh->e_machine) {
285 
286 	ELFDEFNNAME(MACHDEP_ID_CASES)
287 
288 	default:
289 		return ENOEXEC;
290 	}
291 
292 	if (ELF_EHDR_FLAGS_OK(eh) == 0)
293 		return ENOEXEC;
294 
295 	if (eh->e_type != type)
296 		return ENOEXEC;
297 
298 	if (eh->e_shnum > MAXSHNUM || eh->e_phnum > MAXPHNUM)
299 		return ENOEXEC;
300 
301 	return 0;
302 }
303 
304 /*
305  * elf_load_psection():
306  *
307  * Load a psection at the appropriate address
308  */
309 void
310 elf_load_psection(struct exec_vmcmd_set *vcset, struct vnode *vp,
311     const Elf_Phdr *ph, Elf_Addr *addr, u_long *size, int *prot, int flags)
312 {
313 	u_long msize, psize, rm, rf;
314 	long diff, offset;
315 
316 	/*
317 	 * If the user specified an address, then we load there.
318 	 */
319 	if (*addr == ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR))
320 		*addr = ph->p_vaddr;
321 
322 	if (ph->p_align > 1) {
323 		/*
324 		 * Make sure we are virtually aligned as we are supposed to be.
325 		 */
326 		diff = ph->p_vaddr - ELF_TRUNC(ph->p_vaddr, ph->p_align);
327 		KASSERT(*addr - diff == ELF_TRUNC(*addr, ph->p_align));
328 		/*
329 		 * But make sure to not map any pages before the start of the
330 		 * psection by limiting the difference to within a page.
331 		 */
332 		diff &= PAGE_MASK;
333 	} else
334 		diff = 0;
335 
336 	*prot |= (ph->p_flags & PF_R) ? VM_PROT_READ : 0;
337 	*prot |= (ph->p_flags & PF_W) ? VM_PROT_WRITE : 0;
338 	*prot |= (ph->p_flags & PF_X) ? VM_PROT_EXECUTE : 0;
339 
340 	/*
341 	 * Adjust everything so it all starts on a page boundary.
342 	 */
343 	*addr -= diff;
344 	offset = ph->p_offset - diff;
345 	*size = ph->p_filesz + diff;
346 	msize = ph->p_memsz + diff;
347 
348 	if (ph->p_align >= PAGE_SIZE) {
349 		if ((ph->p_flags & PF_W) != 0) {
350 			/*
351 			 * Because the pagedvn pager can't handle zero fill
352 			 * of the last data page if it's not page aligned we
353 			 * map the last page readvn.
354 			 */
355 			psize = trunc_page(*size);
356 		} else {
357 			psize = round_page(*size);
358 		}
359 	} else {
360 		psize = *size;
361 	}
362 
363 	if (psize > 0) {
364 		NEW_VMCMD2(vcset, ph->p_align < PAGE_SIZE ?
365 		    vmcmd_map_readvn : vmcmd_map_pagedvn, psize, *addr, vp,
366 		    offset, *prot, flags);
367 		flags &= VMCMD_RELATIVE;
368 	}
369 	if (psize < *size) {
370 		NEW_VMCMD2(vcset, vmcmd_map_readvn, *size - psize,
371 		    *addr + psize, vp, offset + psize, *prot, flags);
372 	}
373 
374 	/*
375 	 * Check if we need to extend the size of the segment (does
376 	 * bss extend page the next page boundary)?
377 	 */
378 	rm = round_page(*addr + msize);
379 	rf = round_page(*addr + *size);
380 
381 	if (rm != rf) {
382 		NEW_VMCMD2(vcset, vmcmd_map_zero, rm - rf, rf, NULLVP,
383 		    0, *prot, flags & VMCMD_RELATIVE);
384 		*size = msize;
385 	}
386 }
387 
388 /*
389  * elf_load_file():
390  *
391  * Load a file (interpreter/library) pointed to by path
392  * [stolen from coff_load_shlib()]. Made slightly generic
393  * so it might be used externally.
394  */
395 int
396 elf_load_file(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp, char *path,
397     struct exec_vmcmd_set *vcset, u_long *entryoff, struct elf_args *ap,
398     Elf_Addr *last)
399 {
400 	int error, i;
401 	struct vnode *vp;
402 	struct vattr attr;
403 	Elf_Ehdr eh;
404 	Elf_Phdr *ph = NULL;
405 	const Elf_Phdr *ph0;
406 	const Elf_Phdr *base_ph;
407 	const Elf_Phdr *last_ph;
408 	u_long phsize;
409 	Elf_Addr addr = *last;
410 	struct proc *p;
411 
412 	p = l->l_proc;
413 
414 	/*
415 	 * 1. open file
416 	 * 2. read filehdr
417 	 * 3. map text, data, and bss out of it using VM_*
418 	 */
419 	vp = epp->ep_interp;
420 	if (vp == NULL) {
421 		error = emul_find_interp(l, epp, path);
422 		if (error != 0)
423 			return error;
424 		vp = epp->ep_interp;
425 	}
426 	/* We'll tidy this ourselves - otherwise we have locking issues */
427 	epp->ep_interp = NULL;
428 	vn_lock(vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
429 
430 	/*
431 	 * Similarly, if it's not marked as executable, or it's not a regular
432 	 * file, we don't allow it to be used.
433 	 */
434 	if (vp->v_type != VREG) {
435 		error = EACCES;
436 		goto badunlock;
437 	}
438 	if ((error = VOP_ACCESS(vp, VEXEC, l->l_cred)) != 0)
439 		goto badunlock;
440 
441 	/* get attributes */
442 	if ((error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, &attr, l->l_cred)) != 0)
443 		goto badunlock;
444 
445 	/*
446 	 * Check mount point.  Though we're not trying to exec this binary,
447 	 * we will be executing code from it, so if the mount point
448 	 * disallows execution or set-id-ness, we punt or kill the set-id.
449 	 */
450 	if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC) {
451 		error = EACCES;
452 		goto badunlock;
453 	}
454 	if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID)
455 		epp->ep_vap->va_mode &= ~(S_ISUID | S_ISGID);
456 
457 #ifdef notyet /* XXX cgd 960926 */
458 	XXX cgd 960926: (maybe) VOP_OPEN it (and VOP_CLOSE in copyargs?)
459 
460 	XXXps: this problem will make it impossible to use an interpreter
461 	from a file system which actually does something in VOP_OPEN
462 #endif
463 
464 	error = vn_marktext(vp);
465 	if (error)
466 		goto badunlock;
467 
468 	VOP_UNLOCK(vp);
469 
470 	if ((error = exec_read_from(l, vp, 0, &eh, sizeof(eh))) != 0)
471 		goto bad;
472 
473 	if ((error = elf_check_header(&eh, ET_DYN)) != 0)
474 		goto bad;
475 
476 	if (eh.e_phnum > MAXPHNUM || eh.e_phnum == 0) {
477 		error = ENOEXEC;
478 		goto bad;
479 	}
480 
481 	phsize = eh.e_phnum * sizeof(Elf_Phdr);
482 	ph = kmem_alloc(phsize, KM_SLEEP);
483 
484 	if ((error = exec_read_from(l, vp, eh.e_phoff, ph, phsize)) != 0)
485 		goto bad;
486 
487 #ifdef ELF_INTERP_NON_RELOCATABLE
488 	/*
489 	 * Evil hack:  Only MIPS should be non-relocatable, and the
490 	 * psections should have a high address (typically 0x5ffe0000).
491 	 * If it's now relocatable, it should be linked at 0 and the
492 	 * psections should have zeros in the upper part of the address.
493 	 * Otherwise, force the load at the linked address.
494 	 */
495 	if (*last == ELF_LINK_ADDR && (ph->p_vaddr & 0xffff0000) == 0)
496 		*last = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
497 #endif
498 
499 	/*
500 	 * If no position to load the interpreter was set by a probe
501 	 * function, pick the same address that a non-fixed mmap(0, ..)
502 	 * would (i.e. something safely out of the way).
503 	 */
504 	if (*last == ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR)) {
505 		u_long limit = 0;
506 		/*
507 		 * Find the start and ending addresses of the psections to
508 		 * be loaded.  This will give us the size.
509 		 */
510 		for (i = 0, ph0 = ph, base_ph = NULL; i < eh.e_phnum;
511 		     i++, ph0++) {
512 			if (ph0->p_type == PT_LOAD) {
513 				u_long psize = ph0->p_vaddr + ph0->p_memsz;
514 				if (base_ph == NULL)
515 					base_ph = ph0;
516 				if (psize > limit)
517 					limit = psize;
518 			}
519 		}
520 
521 		if (base_ph == NULL) {
522 			error = ENOEXEC;
523 			goto bad;
524 		}
525 
526 		/*
527 		 * Now compute the size and load address.
528 		 */
529 		addr = (*epp->ep_esch->es_emul->e_vm_default_addr)(p,
530 		    epp->ep_daddr,
531 		    round_page(limit) - trunc_page(base_ph->p_vaddr));
532 	} else
533 		addr = *last; /* may be ELF_LINK_ADDR */
534 
535 	/*
536 	 * Load all the necessary sections
537 	 */
538 	for (i = 0, ph0 = ph, base_ph = NULL, last_ph = NULL;
539 	     i < eh.e_phnum; i++, ph0++) {
540 		switch (ph0->p_type) {
541 		case PT_LOAD: {
542 			u_long size;
543 			int prot = 0;
544 			int flags;
545 
546 			if (base_ph == NULL) {
547 				/*
548 				 * First encountered psection is always the
549 				 * base psection.  Make sure it's aligned
550 				 * properly (align down for topdown and align
551 				 * upwards for not topdown).
552 				 */
553 				base_ph = ph0;
554 				flags = VMCMD_BASE;
555 				if (addr == ELF_LINK_ADDR)
556 					addr = ph0->p_vaddr;
557 				if (p->p_vmspace->vm_map.flags & VM_MAP_TOPDOWN)
558 					addr = ELF_TRUNC(addr, ph0->p_align);
559 				else
560 					addr = ELF_ROUND(addr, ph0->p_align);
561 			} else {
562 				u_long limit = round_page(last_ph->p_vaddr
563 				    + last_ph->p_memsz);
564 				u_long base = trunc_page(ph0->p_vaddr);
565 
566 				/*
567 				 * If there is a gap in between the psections,
568 				 * map it as inaccessible so nothing else
569 				 * mmap'ed will be placed there.
570 				 */
571 				if (limit != base) {
572 					NEW_VMCMD2(vcset, vmcmd_map_zero,
573 					    base - limit,
574 					    limit - base_ph->p_vaddr, NULLVP,
575 					    0, VM_PROT_NONE, VMCMD_RELATIVE);
576 				}
577 
578 				addr = ph0->p_vaddr - base_ph->p_vaddr;
579 				flags = VMCMD_RELATIVE;
580 			}
581 			last_ph = ph0;
582 			elf_load_psection(vcset, vp, &ph[i], &addr,
583 			    &size, &prot, flags);
584 			/*
585 			 * If entry is within this psection then this
586 			 * must contain the .text section.  *entryoff is
587 			 * relative to the base psection.
588 			 */
589 			if (eh.e_entry >= ph0->p_vaddr &&
590 			    eh.e_entry < (ph0->p_vaddr + size)) {
591 				*entryoff = eh.e_entry - base_ph->p_vaddr;
592 			}
593 			addr += size;
594 			break;
595 		}
596 
597 		case PT_DYNAMIC:
598 		case PT_PHDR:
599 			break;
600 
601 		case PT_NOTE:
602 			break;
603 
604 		default:
605 			break;
606 		}
607 	}
608 
609 	kmem_free(ph, phsize);
610 	/*
611 	 * This value is ignored if TOPDOWN.
612 	 */
613 	*last = addr;
614 	vrele(vp);
615 	return 0;
616 
617 badunlock:
618 	VOP_UNLOCK(vp);
619 
620 bad:
621 	if (ph != NULL)
622 		kmem_free(ph, phsize);
623 #ifdef notyet /* XXX cgd 960926 */
624 	(maybe) VOP_CLOSE it
625 #endif
626 	vrele(vp);
627 	return error;
628 }
629 
630 /*
631  * exec_elf_makecmds(): Prepare an Elf binary's exec package
632  *
633  * First, set of the various offsets/lengths in the exec package.
634  *
635  * Then, mark the text image busy (so it can be demand paged) or error
636  * out if this is not possible.  Finally, set up vmcmds for the
637  * text, data, bss, and stack segments.
638  */
639 int
640 exec_elf_makecmds(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp)
641 {
642 	Elf_Ehdr *eh = epp->ep_hdr;
643 	Elf_Phdr *ph, *pp;
644 	Elf_Addr phdr = 0, computed_phdr = 0, pos = 0, end_text = 0;
645 	int error, i, nload;
646 	char *interp = NULL;
647 	u_long phsize;
648 	struct proc *p;
649 	struct elf_args *ap = NULL;
650 	bool is_dyn;
651 
652 	if (epp->ep_hdrvalid < sizeof(Elf_Ehdr))
653 		return ENOEXEC;
654 
655 	is_dyn = elf_check_header(eh, ET_DYN) == 0;
656 	/*
657 	 * XXX allow for executing shared objects. It seems silly
658 	 * but other ELF-based systems allow it as well.
659 	 */
660 	if (elf_check_header(eh, ET_EXEC) != 0 && !is_dyn)
661 		return ENOEXEC;
662 
663 	if (eh->e_phnum > MAXPHNUM || eh->e_phnum == 0)
664 		return ENOEXEC;
665 
666 	error = vn_marktext(epp->ep_vp);
667 	if (error)
668 		return error;
669 
670 	/*
671 	 * Allocate space to hold all the program headers, and read them
672 	 * from the file
673 	 */
674 	p = l->l_proc;
675 	phsize = eh->e_phnum * sizeof(Elf_Phdr);
676 	ph = kmem_alloc(phsize, KM_SLEEP);
677 
678 	if ((error = exec_read_from(l, epp->ep_vp, eh->e_phoff, ph, phsize)) !=
679 	    0)
680 		goto bad;
681 
682 	epp->ep_taddr = epp->ep_tsize = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
683 	epp->ep_daddr = epp->ep_dsize = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
684 
685 	for (i = 0; i < eh->e_phnum; i++) {
686 		pp = &ph[i];
687 		if (pp->p_type == PT_INTERP) {
688 			if (pp->p_filesz >= MAXPATHLEN) {
689 				error = ENOEXEC;
690 				goto bad;
691 			}
692 			interp = PNBUF_GET();
693 			interp[0] = '\0';
694 			if ((error = exec_read_from(l, epp->ep_vp,
695 			    pp->p_offset, interp, pp->p_filesz)) != 0)
696 				goto bad;
697 			break;
698 		}
699 	}
700 
701 	/*
702 	 * On the same architecture, we may be emulating different systems.
703 	 * See which one will accept this executable.
704 	 *
705 	 * Probe functions would normally see if the interpreter (if any)
706 	 * exists. Emulation packages may possibly replace the interpreter in
707 	 * interp[] with a changed path (/emul/xxx/<path>).
708 	 */
709 	pos = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
710 	if (epp->ep_esch->u.elf_probe_func) {
711 		vaddr_t startp = (vaddr_t)pos;
712 
713 		error = (*epp->ep_esch->u.elf_probe_func)(l, epp, eh, interp,
714 							  &startp);
715 		if (error)
716 			goto bad;
717 		pos = (Elf_Addr)startp;
718 	}
719 
720 #if defined(PAX_MPROTECT) || defined(PAX_SEGVGUARD) || defined(PAX_ASLR)
721 	p->p_pax = epp->ep_pax_flags;
722 #endif /* PAX_MPROTECT || PAX_SEGVGUARD || PAX_ASLR */
723 
724 	if (is_dyn)
725 		elf_placedynexec(l, epp, eh, ph);
726 
727 	/*
728 	 * Load all the necessary sections
729 	 */
730 	for (i = nload = 0; i < eh->e_phnum; i++) {
731 		Elf_Addr  addr = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
732 		u_long size = 0;
733 		int prot = 0;
734 
735 		pp = &ph[i];
736 
737 		switch (ph[i].p_type) {
738 		case PT_LOAD:
739 			elf_load_psection(&epp->ep_vmcmds, epp->ep_vp,
740 			    &ph[i], &addr, &size, &prot, VMCMD_FIXED);
741 
742 			/*
743 			 * Consider this as text segment, if it is executable.
744 			 * If there is more than one text segment, pick the
745 			 * largest.
746 			 */
747 			if (ph[i].p_flags & PF_X) {
748 				if (epp->ep_taddr == ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR) ||
749 				    size > epp->ep_tsize) {
750 					epp->ep_taddr = addr;
751 					epp->ep_tsize = size;
752 				}
753 				end_text = addr + size;
754 			} else {
755 				epp->ep_daddr = addr;
756 				epp->ep_dsize = size;
757 			}
758 			if (ph[i].p_offset == 0) {
759 				computed_phdr = ph[i].p_vaddr + eh->e_phoff;
760 			}
761 			break;
762 
763 		case PT_SHLIB:
764 			/* SCO has these sections. */
765 		case PT_INTERP:
766 			/* Already did this one. */
767 		case PT_DYNAMIC:
768 			break;
769 		case PT_NOTE:
770 			break;
771 		case PT_PHDR:
772 			/* Note address of program headers (in text segment) */
773 			phdr = pp->p_vaddr;
774 			break;
775 
776 		default:
777 			/*
778 			 * Not fatal; we don't need to understand everything.
779 			 */
780 			break;
781 		}
782 	}
783 	if (interp || (epp->ep_flags & EXEC_FORCEAUX) != 0) {
784 		ap = malloc(sizeof(struct elf_args), M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
785 		ap->arg_interp = (vaddr_t)NULL;
786 	}
787 
788 	if (epp->ep_daddr == ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR)) {
789 		epp->ep_daddr = round_page(end_text);
790 		epp->ep_dsize = 0;
791 	}
792 
793 	/*
794 	 * Check if we found a dynamically linked binary and arrange to load
795 	 * its interpreter
796 	 */
797 	if (interp) {
798 		int j = epp->ep_vmcmds.evs_used;
799 		u_long interp_offset;
800 
801 		if ((error = elf_load_file(l, epp, interp,
802 		    &epp->ep_vmcmds, &interp_offset, ap, &pos)) != 0) {
803 			goto bad;
804 		}
805 		ap->arg_interp = epp->ep_vmcmds.evs_cmds[j].ev_addr;
806 		epp->ep_entry = ap->arg_interp + interp_offset;
807 		PNBUF_PUT(interp);
808 	} else
809 		epp->ep_entry = eh->e_entry;
810 
811 	if (ap) {
812 		ap->arg_phaddr = phdr ? phdr : computed_phdr;
813 		ap->arg_phentsize = eh->e_phentsize;
814 		ap->arg_phnum = eh->e_phnum;
815 		ap->arg_entry = eh->e_entry;
816 		epp->ep_emul_arg = ap;
817 	}
818 
819 #ifdef ELF_MAP_PAGE_ZERO
820 	/* Dell SVR4 maps page zero, yeuch! */
821 	NEW_VMCMD(&epp->ep_vmcmds, vmcmd_map_readvn, PAGE_SIZE, 0,
822 	    epp->ep_vp, 0, VM_PROT_READ);
823 #endif
824 	kmem_free(ph, phsize);
825 	return (*epp->ep_esch->es_setup_stack)(l, epp);
826 
827 bad:
828 	if (interp)
829 		PNBUF_PUT(interp);
830 	if (ap)
831 		free(ap, M_TEMP);
832 	kmem_free(ph, phsize);
833 	kill_vmcmds(&epp->ep_vmcmds);
834 	return error;
835 }
836 
837 int
838 netbsd_elf_signature(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp,
839     Elf_Ehdr *eh)
840 {
841 	size_t i;
842 	Elf_Shdr *sh;
843 	Elf_Nhdr *np;
844 	size_t shsize;
845 	int error;
846 	int isnetbsd = 0;
847 	char *ndata;
848 
849 	epp->ep_pax_flags = 0;
850 	if (eh->e_shnum > MAXSHNUM || eh->e_shnum == 0)
851 		return ENOEXEC;
852 
853 	shsize = eh->e_shnum * sizeof(Elf_Shdr);
854 	sh = kmem_alloc(shsize, KM_SLEEP);
855 	error = exec_read_from(l, epp->ep_vp, eh->e_shoff, sh, shsize);
856 	if (error)
857 		goto out;
858 
859 	np = kmem_alloc(MAXNOTESIZE, KM_SLEEP);
860 	for (i = 0; i < eh->e_shnum; i++) {
861 		Elf_Shdr *shp = &sh[i];
862 
863 		if (shp->sh_type != SHT_NOTE ||
864 		    shp->sh_size > MAXNOTESIZE ||
865 		    shp->sh_size < sizeof(Elf_Nhdr) + ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_NAMESZ)
866 			continue;
867 
868 		error = exec_read_from(l, epp->ep_vp, shp->sh_offset, np,
869 		    shp->sh_size);
870 		if (error)
871 			continue;
872 
873 		ndata = (char *)(np + 1);
874 		switch (np->n_type) {
875 		case ELF_NOTE_TYPE_NETBSD_TAG:
876 			if (np->n_namesz != ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_NAMESZ ||
877 			    np->n_descsz != ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_DESCSZ ||
878 			    memcmp(ndata, ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_NAME,
879 			    ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_NAMESZ))
880 				goto bad;
881 			isnetbsd = 1;
882 			break;
883 
884 		case ELF_NOTE_TYPE_PAX_TAG:
885 			if (np->n_namesz != ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ ||
886 			    np->n_descsz != ELF_NOTE_PAX_DESCSZ ||
887 			    memcmp(ndata, ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAME,
888 			    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ)) {
889 bad:
890 			    /*
891 			     * Ignore GNU tags
892 			     */
893 			    if (np->n_namesz == ELF_NOTE_GNU_NAMESZ &&
894 				memcmp(ndata, ELF_NOTE_GNU_NAME,
895 				ELF_NOTE_GNU_NAMESZ) == 0)
896 					break;
897 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
898 				printf("%s: bad tag %d: "
899 				    "[%d %d, %d %d, %*.*s %*.*s]\n",
900 				    epp->ep_kname,
901 				    np->n_type,
902 				    np->n_namesz, ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
903 				    np->n_descsz, ELF_NOTE_PAX_DESCSZ,
904 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
905 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
906 				    ndata,
907 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
908 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
909 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAME);
910 #endif
911 				continue;
912 			}
913 			(void)memcpy(&epp->ep_pax_flags,
914 			    ndata + ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
915 			    sizeof(epp->ep_pax_flags));
916 			break;
917 
918 		case ELF_NOTE_TYPE_SUSE_TAG:
919 			break;
920 
921 		default:
922 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
923 			printf("%s: unknown note type %d\n", epp->ep_kname,
924 			    np->n_type);
925 #endif
926 			break;
927 		}
928 	}
929 	kmem_free(np, MAXNOTESIZE);
930 
931 	error = isnetbsd ? 0 : ENOEXEC;
932 out:
933 	kmem_free(sh, shsize);
934 	return error;
935 }
936 
937 int
938 netbsd_elf_probe(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp, void *eh, char *itp,
939     vaddr_t *pos)
940 {
941 	int error;
942 
943 	if ((error = netbsd_elf_signature(l, epp, eh)) != 0)
944 		return error;
945 #ifdef ELF_MD_PROBE_FUNC
946 	if ((error = ELF_MD_PROBE_FUNC(l, epp, eh, itp, pos)) != 0)
947 		return error;
948 #elif defined(ELF_INTERP_NON_RELOCATABLE)
949 	*pos = ELF_LINK_ADDR;
950 #endif
951 	epp->ep_flags |= EXEC_FORCEAUX;
952 	return 0;
953 }
954