xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/exec_elf.c (revision 07cd2d7f4155df9bb93647120ce3750eec13203b)
1 /*	$NetBSD: exec_elf.c,v 1.18 2010/03/20 01:52:16 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 1994, 2000, 2005 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Christos Zoulas.
9  *
10  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
11  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
12  * are met:
13  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
15  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
17  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
20  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
21  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
22  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
23  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
24  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
25  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
26  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
27  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
28  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 /*
33  * Copyright (c) 1996 Christopher G. Demetriou
34  * All rights reserved.
35  *
36  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
37  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
38  * are met:
39  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
40  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
41  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
42  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
43  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
44  * 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
45  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission
46  *
47  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
48  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
49  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
50  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
51  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
52  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
53  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
54  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
55  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
56  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
57  */
58 
59 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
60 __KERNEL_RCSID(1, "$NetBSD: exec_elf.c,v 1.18 2010/03/20 01:52:16 christos Exp $");
61 
62 #ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
63 #include "opt_pax.h"
64 #endif /* _KERNEL_OPT */
65 
66 #include <sys/param.h>
67 #include <sys/proc.h>
68 #include <sys/malloc.h>
69 #include <sys/kmem.h>
70 #include <sys/namei.h>
71 #include <sys/vnode.h>
72 #include <sys/exec.h>
73 #include <sys/exec_elf.h>
74 #include <sys/syscall.h>
75 #include <sys/signalvar.h>
76 #include <sys/mount.h>
77 #include <sys/stat.h>
78 #include <sys/kauth.h>
79 #include <sys/bitops.h>
80 
81 #include <sys/cpu.h>
82 #include <machine/reg.h>
83 
84 #include <compat/common/compat_util.h>
85 
86 #include <sys/pax.h>
87 
88 extern struct emul emul_netbsd;
89 
90 #define elf_check_header	ELFNAME(check_header)
91 #define elf_copyargs		ELFNAME(copyargs)
92 #define elf_load_file		ELFNAME(load_file)
93 #define elf_load_psection	ELFNAME(load_psection)
94 #define exec_elf_makecmds	ELFNAME2(exec,makecmds)
95 #define netbsd_elf_signature	ELFNAME2(netbsd,signature)
96 #define netbsd_elf_probe	ELFNAME2(netbsd,probe)
97 #define	coredump		ELFNAMEEND(coredump)
98 
99 int	elf_load_file(struct lwp *, struct exec_package *, char *,
100 	    struct exec_vmcmd_set *, u_long *, struct elf_args *, Elf_Addr *);
101 void	elf_load_psection(struct exec_vmcmd_set *, struct vnode *,
102 	    const Elf_Phdr *, Elf_Addr *, u_long *, int *, int);
103 
104 int	netbsd_elf_signature(struct lwp *, struct exec_package *, Elf_Ehdr *);
105 int	netbsd_elf_probe(struct lwp *, struct exec_package *, void *, char *,
106 	    vaddr_t *);
107 
108 /* round up and down to page boundaries. */
109 #define	ELF_ROUND(a, b)		(((a) + (b) - 1) & ~((b) - 1))
110 #define	ELF_TRUNC(a, b)		((a) & ~((b) - 1))
111 
112 /*
113  * Arbitrary limits to avoid DoS for excessive memory allocation.
114  */
115 #define MAXPHNUM	128
116 #define MAXSHNUM	32768
117 #define MAXNOTESIZE	1024
118 
119 /*
120  * We don't move this code in kern_pax.c because it is compiled twice.
121  */
122 static void
123 elf_placedynexec(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp, Elf_Ehdr *eh,
124     Elf_Phdr *ph)
125 {
126 	size_t offset, i;
127 
128 #ifdef PAX_ASLR
129 	if (pax_aslr_active(l)) {
130 		size_t pax_align, l2, delta;
131 		uint32_t r;
132 
133 		/*
134 		 * find align XXX: not all sections might have the same
135 		 * alignment
136 		 */
137 		for (pax_align = i = 0; i < eh->e_phnum; i++)
138 			if (ph[i].p_type == PT_LOAD) {
139 				pax_align = ph[i].p_align;
140 				break;
141 			}
142 
143 		r = arc4random();
144 
145 		if (pax_align == 0)
146 			pax_align = PGSHIFT;
147 		l2 = ilog2(pax_align);
148 		delta = PAX_ASLR_DELTA(r, l2, PAX_ASLR_DELTA_EXEC_LEN);
149 		offset = ELF_TRUNC(delta, pax_align) + PAGE_SIZE;
150 #ifdef PAX_ASLR_DEBUG
151 		uprintf("r=0x%x l2=0x%zx PGSHIFT=0x%x Delta=0x%zx\n", r, l2,
152 		    PGSHIFT, delta);
153 		uprintf("pax offset=0x%zx entry=0x%llx\n",
154 		    offset, (unsigned long long)eh->e_entry);
155 #endif /* PAX_ASLR_DEBUG */
156 	} else
157 #endif /* PAX_ASLR */
158 		offset = PAGE_SIZE;
159 
160 	for (i = 0; i < eh->e_phnum; i++)
161 		ph[i].p_vaddr += offset;
162 	eh->e_entry += offset;
163 }
164 
165 /*
166  * Copy arguments onto the stack in the normal way, but add some
167  * extra information in case of dynamic binding.
168  */
169 int
170 elf_copyargs(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *pack,
171     struct ps_strings *arginfo, char **stackp, void *argp)
172 {
173 	size_t len, vlen;
174 	AuxInfo ai[ELF_AUX_ENTRIES], *a, *execname;
175 	struct elf_args *ap;
176 	int error;
177 
178 	if ((error = copyargs(l, pack, arginfo, stackp, argp)) != 0)
179 		return error;
180 
181 	a = ai;
182 	execname = NULL;
183 
184 	/*
185 	 * Push extra arguments on the stack needed by dynamically
186 	 * linked binaries
187 	 */
188 	if ((ap = (struct elf_args *)pack->ep_emul_arg)) {
189 		struct vattr *vap = pack->ep_vap;
190 
191 		a->a_type = AT_PHDR;
192 		a->a_v = ap->arg_phaddr;
193 		a++;
194 
195 		a->a_type = AT_PHENT;
196 		a->a_v = ap->arg_phentsize;
197 		a++;
198 
199 		a->a_type = AT_PHNUM;
200 		a->a_v = ap->arg_phnum;
201 		a++;
202 
203 		a->a_type = AT_PAGESZ;
204 		a->a_v = PAGE_SIZE;
205 		a++;
206 
207 		a->a_type = AT_BASE;
208 		a->a_v = ap->arg_interp;
209 		a++;
210 
211 		a->a_type = AT_FLAGS;
212 		a->a_v = 0;
213 		a++;
214 
215 		a->a_type = AT_ENTRY;
216 		a->a_v = ap->arg_entry;
217 		a++;
218 
219 		a->a_type = AT_EUID;
220 		if (vap->va_mode & S_ISUID)
221 			a->a_v = vap->va_uid;
222 		else
223 			a->a_v = kauth_cred_geteuid(l->l_cred);
224 		a++;
225 
226 		a->a_type = AT_RUID;
227 		a->a_v = kauth_cred_getuid(l->l_cred);
228 		a++;
229 
230 		a->a_type = AT_EGID;
231 		if (vap->va_mode & S_ISGID)
232 			a->a_v = vap->va_gid;
233 		else
234 			a->a_v = kauth_cred_getegid(l->l_cred);
235 		a++;
236 
237 		a->a_type = AT_RGID;
238 		a->a_v = kauth_cred_getgid(l->l_cred);
239 		a++;
240 
241 		if (pack->ep_path) {
242 			execname = a;
243 			a->a_type = AT_SUN_EXECNAME;
244 			a++;
245 		}
246 
247 		free(ap, M_TEMP);
248 		pack->ep_emul_arg = NULL;
249 	}
250 
251 	a->a_type = AT_NULL;
252 	a->a_v = 0;
253 	a++;
254 
255 	vlen = (a - ai) * sizeof(AuxInfo);
256 
257 	if (execname) {
258 		char *path = pack->ep_path;
259 		execname->a_v = (uintptr_t)(*stackp + vlen);
260 		len = strlen(path) + 1;
261 		if ((error = copyout(path, (*stackp + vlen), len)) != 0)
262 			return error;
263 		len = ALIGN(len);
264 	} else
265 		len = 0;
266 
267 	if ((error = copyout(ai, *stackp, vlen)) != 0)
268 		return error;
269 	*stackp += vlen + len;
270 
271 	return 0;
272 }
273 
274 /*
275  * elf_check_header():
276  *
277  * Check header for validity; return 0 of ok ENOEXEC if error
278  */
279 int
280 elf_check_header(Elf_Ehdr *eh, int type)
281 {
282 
283 	if (memcmp(eh->e_ident, ELFMAG, SELFMAG) != 0 ||
284 	    eh->e_ident[EI_CLASS] != ELFCLASS)
285 		return ENOEXEC;
286 
287 	switch (eh->e_machine) {
288 
289 	ELFDEFNNAME(MACHDEP_ID_CASES)
290 
291 	default:
292 		return ENOEXEC;
293 	}
294 
295 	if (ELF_EHDR_FLAGS_OK(eh) == 0)
296 		return ENOEXEC;
297 
298 	if (eh->e_type != type)
299 		return ENOEXEC;
300 
301 	if (eh->e_shnum > MAXSHNUM || eh->e_phnum > MAXPHNUM)
302 		return ENOEXEC;
303 
304 	return 0;
305 }
306 
307 /*
308  * elf_load_psection():
309  *
310  * Load a psection at the appropriate address
311  */
312 void
313 elf_load_psection(struct exec_vmcmd_set *vcset, struct vnode *vp,
314     const Elf_Phdr *ph, Elf_Addr *addr, u_long *size, int *prot, int flags)
315 {
316 	u_long msize, psize, rm, rf;
317 	long diff, offset;
318 
319 	/*
320 	 * If the user specified an address, then we load there.
321 	 */
322 	if (*addr == ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR))
323 		*addr = ph->p_vaddr;
324 
325 	if (ph->p_align > 1) {
326 		/*
327 		 * Make sure we are virtually aligned as we are supposed to be.
328 		 */
329 		diff = ph->p_vaddr - ELF_TRUNC(ph->p_vaddr, ph->p_align);
330 		KASSERT(*addr - diff == ELF_TRUNC(*addr, ph->p_align));
331 		/*
332 		 * But make sure to not map any pages before the start of the
333 		 * psection by limiting the difference to within a page.
334 		 */
335 		diff &= PAGE_MASK;
336 	} else
337 		diff = 0;
338 
339 	*prot |= (ph->p_flags & PF_R) ? VM_PROT_READ : 0;
340 	*prot |= (ph->p_flags & PF_W) ? VM_PROT_WRITE : 0;
341 	*prot |= (ph->p_flags & PF_X) ? VM_PROT_EXECUTE : 0;
342 
343 	/*
344 	 * Adjust everything so it all starts on a page boundary.
345 	 */
346 	*addr -= diff;
347 	offset = ph->p_offset - diff;
348 	*size = ph->p_filesz + diff;
349 	msize = ph->p_memsz + diff;
350 
351 	if (ph->p_align >= PAGE_SIZE) {
352 		if ((ph->p_flags & PF_W) != 0) {
353 			/*
354 			 * Because the pagedvn pager can't handle zero fill
355 			 * of the last data page if it's not page aligned we
356 			 * map the last page readvn.
357 			 */
358 			psize = trunc_page(*size);
359 		} else {
360 			psize = round_page(*size);
361 		}
362 	} else {
363 		psize = *size;
364 	}
365 
366 	if (psize > 0) {
367 		NEW_VMCMD2(vcset, ph->p_align < PAGE_SIZE ?
368 		    vmcmd_map_readvn : vmcmd_map_pagedvn, psize, *addr, vp,
369 		    offset, *prot, flags);
370 		flags &= VMCMD_RELATIVE;
371 	}
372 	if (psize < *size) {
373 		NEW_VMCMD2(vcset, vmcmd_map_readvn, *size - psize,
374 		    *addr + psize, vp, offset + psize, *prot, flags);
375 	}
376 
377 	/*
378 	 * Check if we need to extend the size of the segment (does
379 	 * bss extend page the next page boundary)?
380 	 */
381 	rm = round_page(*addr + msize);
382 	rf = round_page(*addr + *size);
383 
384 	if (rm != rf) {
385 		NEW_VMCMD2(vcset, vmcmd_map_zero, rm - rf, rf, NULLVP,
386 		    0, *prot, flags & VMCMD_RELATIVE);
387 		*size = msize;
388 	}
389 }
390 
391 /*
392  * elf_load_file():
393  *
394  * Load a file (interpreter/library) pointed to by path
395  * [stolen from coff_load_shlib()]. Made slightly generic
396  * so it might be used externally.
397  */
398 int
399 elf_load_file(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp, char *path,
400     struct exec_vmcmd_set *vcset, u_long *entryoff, struct elf_args *ap,
401     Elf_Addr *last)
402 {
403 	int error, i;
404 	struct vnode *vp;
405 	struct vattr attr;
406 	Elf_Ehdr eh;
407 	Elf_Phdr *ph = NULL;
408 	const Elf_Phdr *ph0;
409 	const Elf_Phdr *base_ph;
410 	const Elf_Phdr *last_ph;
411 	u_long phsize;
412 	Elf_Addr addr = *last;
413 	struct proc *p;
414 
415 	p = l->l_proc;
416 
417 	/*
418 	 * 1. open file
419 	 * 2. read filehdr
420 	 * 3. map text, data, and bss out of it using VM_*
421 	 */
422 	vp = epp->ep_interp;
423 	if (vp == NULL) {
424 		error = emul_find_interp(l, epp, path);
425 		if (error != 0)
426 			return error;
427 		vp = epp->ep_interp;
428 	}
429 	/* We'll tidy this ourselves - otherwise we have locking issues */
430 	epp->ep_interp = NULL;
431 	vn_lock(vp, LK_EXCLUSIVE | LK_RETRY);
432 
433 	/*
434 	 * Similarly, if it's not marked as executable, or it's not a regular
435 	 * file, we don't allow it to be used.
436 	 */
437 	if (vp->v_type != VREG) {
438 		error = EACCES;
439 		goto badunlock;
440 	}
441 	if ((error = VOP_ACCESS(vp, VEXEC, l->l_cred)) != 0)
442 		goto badunlock;
443 
444 	/* get attributes */
445 	if ((error = VOP_GETATTR(vp, &attr, l->l_cred)) != 0)
446 		goto badunlock;
447 
448 	/*
449 	 * Check mount point.  Though we're not trying to exec this binary,
450 	 * we will be executing code from it, so if the mount point
451 	 * disallows execution or set-id-ness, we punt or kill the set-id.
452 	 */
453 	if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOEXEC) {
454 		error = EACCES;
455 		goto badunlock;
456 	}
457 	if (vp->v_mount->mnt_flag & MNT_NOSUID)
458 		epp->ep_vap->va_mode &= ~(S_ISUID | S_ISGID);
459 
460 #ifdef notyet /* XXX cgd 960926 */
461 	XXX cgd 960926: (maybe) VOP_OPEN it (and VOP_CLOSE in copyargs?)
462 #endif
463 
464 	error = vn_marktext(vp);
465 	if (error)
466 		goto badunlock;
467 
468 	VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0);
469 
470 	if ((error = exec_read_from(l, vp, 0, &eh, sizeof(eh))) != 0)
471 		goto bad;
472 
473 	if ((error = elf_check_header(&eh, ET_DYN)) != 0)
474 		goto bad;
475 
476 	if (eh.e_phnum > MAXPHNUM || eh.e_phnum == 0) {
477 		error = ENOEXEC;
478 		goto bad;
479 	}
480 
481 	phsize = eh.e_phnum * sizeof(Elf_Phdr);
482 	ph = kmem_alloc(phsize, KM_SLEEP);
483 
484 	if ((error = exec_read_from(l, vp, eh.e_phoff, ph, phsize)) != 0)
485 		goto bad;
486 
487 #ifdef ELF_INTERP_NON_RELOCATABLE
488 	/*
489 	 * Evil hack:  Only MIPS should be non-relocatable, and the
490 	 * psections should have a high address (typically 0x5ffe0000).
491 	 * If it's now relocatable, it should be linked at 0 and the
492 	 * psections should have zeros in the upper part of the address.
493 	 * Otherwise, force the load at the linked address.
494 	 */
495 	if (*last == ELF_LINK_ADDR && (ph->p_vaddr & 0xffff0000) == 0)
496 		*last = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
497 #endif
498 
499 	/*
500 	 * If no position to load the interpreter was set by a probe
501 	 * function, pick the same address that a non-fixed mmap(0, ..)
502 	 * would (i.e. something safely out of the way).
503 	 */
504 	if (*last == ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR)) {
505 		u_long limit = 0;
506 		/*
507 		 * Find the start and ending addresses of the psections to
508 		 * be loaded.  This will give us the size.
509 		 */
510 		for (i = 0, ph0 = ph, base_ph = NULL; i < eh.e_phnum;
511 		     i++, ph0++) {
512 			if (ph0->p_type == PT_LOAD) {
513 				u_long psize = ph0->p_vaddr + ph0->p_memsz;
514 				if (base_ph == NULL)
515 					base_ph = ph0;
516 				if (psize > limit)
517 					limit = psize;
518 			}
519 		}
520 
521 		if (base_ph == NULL) {
522 			error = ENOEXEC;
523 			goto bad;
524 		}
525 
526 		/*
527 		 * Now compute the size and load address.
528 		 */
529 		addr = (*epp->ep_esch->es_emul->e_vm_default_addr)(p,
530 		    epp->ep_daddr,
531 		    round_page(limit) - trunc_page(base_ph->p_vaddr));
532 	} else
533 		addr = *last; /* may be ELF_LINK_ADDR */
534 
535 	/*
536 	 * Load all the necessary sections
537 	 */
538 	for (i = 0, ph0 = ph, base_ph = NULL, last_ph = NULL;
539 	     i < eh.e_phnum; i++, ph0++) {
540 		switch (ph0->p_type) {
541 		case PT_LOAD: {
542 			u_long size;
543 			int prot = 0;
544 			int flags;
545 
546 			if (base_ph == NULL) {
547 				/*
548 				 * First encountered psection is always the
549 				 * base psection.  Make sure it's aligned
550 				 * properly (align down for topdown and align
551 				 * upwards for not topdown).
552 				 */
553 				base_ph = ph0;
554 				flags = VMCMD_BASE;
555 				if (addr == ELF_LINK_ADDR)
556 					addr = ph0->p_vaddr;
557 				if (p->p_vmspace->vm_map.flags & VM_MAP_TOPDOWN)
558 					addr = ELF_TRUNC(addr, ph0->p_align);
559 				else
560 					addr = ELF_ROUND(addr, ph0->p_align);
561 			} else {
562 				u_long limit = round_page(last_ph->p_vaddr
563 				    + last_ph->p_memsz);
564 				u_long base = trunc_page(ph0->p_vaddr);
565 
566 				/*
567 				 * If there is a gap in between the psections,
568 				 * map it as inaccessible so nothing else
569 				 * mmap'ed will be placed there.
570 				 */
571 				if (limit != base) {
572 					NEW_VMCMD2(vcset, vmcmd_map_zero,
573 					    base - limit,
574 					    limit - base_ph->p_vaddr, NULLVP,
575 					    0, VM_PROT_NONE, VMCMD_RELATIVE);
576 				}
577 
578 				addr = ph0->p_vaddr - base_ph->p_vaddr;
579 				flags = VMCMD_RELATIVE;
580 			}
581 			last_ph = ph0;
582 			elf_load_psection(vcset, vp, &ph[i], &addr,
583 			    &size, &prot, flags);
584 			/*
585 			 * If entry is within this psection then this
586 			 * must contain the .text section.  *entryoff is
587 			 * relative to the base psection.
588 			 */
589 			if (eh.e_entry >= ph0->p_vaddr &&
590 			    eh.e_entry < (ph0->p_vaddr + size)) {
591 				*entryoff = eh.e_entry - base_ph->p_vaddr;
592 			}
593 			addr += size;
594 			break;
595 		}
596 
597 		case PT_DYNAMIC:
598 		case PT_PHDR:
599 			break;
600 
601 		case PT_NOTE:
602 			break;
603 
604 		default:
605 			break;
606 		}
607 	}
608 
609 	kmem_free(ph, phsize);
610 	/*
611 	 * This value is ignored if TOPDOWN.
612 	 */
613 	*last = addr;
614 	vrele(vp);
615 	return 0;
616 
617 badunlock:
618 	VOP_UNLOCK(vp, 0);
619 
620 bad:
621 	if (ph != NULL)
622 		kmem_free(ph, phsize);
623 #ifdef notyet /* XXX cgd 960926 */
624 	(maybe) VOP_CLOSE it
625 #endif
626 	vrele(vp);
627 	return error;
628 }
629 
630 /*
631  * exec_elf_makecmds(): Prepare an Elf binary's exec package
632  *
633  * First, set of the various offsets/lengths in the exec package.
634  *
635  * Then, mark the text image busy (so it can be demand paged) or error
636  * out if this is not possible.  Finally, set up vmcmds for the
637  * text, data, bss, and stack segments.
638  */
639 int
640 exec_elf_makecmds(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp)
641 {
642 	Elf_Ehdr *eh = epp->ep_hdr;
643 	Elf_Phdr *ph, *pp;
644 	Elf_Addr phdr = 0, pos = 0;
645 	int error, i, nload;
646 	char *interp = NULL;
647 	u_long phsize;
648 	struct proc *p;
649 	bool is_dyn;
650 
651 	if (epp->ep_hdrvalid < sizeof(Elf_Ehdr))
652 		return ENOEXEC;
653 
654 	is_dyn = elf_check_header(eh, ET_DYN) == 0;
655 	/*
656 	 * XXX allow for executing shared objects. It seems silly
657 	 * but other ELF-based systems allow it as well.
658 	 */
659 	if (elf_check_header(eh, ET_EXEC) != 0 && !is_dyn)
660 		return ENOEXEC;
661 
662 	if (eh->e_phnum > MAXPHNUM || eh->e_phnum == 0)
663 		return ENOEXEC;
664 
665 	error = vn_marktext(epp->ep_vp);
666 	if (error)
667 		return error;
668 
669 	/*
670 	 * Allocate space to hold all the program headers, and read them
671 	 * from the file
672 	 */
673 	p = l->l_proc;
674 	phsize = eh->e_phnum * sizeof(Elf_Phdr);
675 	ph = kmem_alloc(phsize, KM_SLEEP);
676 
677 	if ((error = exec_read_from(l, epp->ep_vp, eh->e_phoff, ph, phsize)) !=
678 	    0)
679 		goto bad;
680 
681 	epp->ep_taddr = epp->ep_tsize = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
682 	epp->ep_daddr = epp->ep_dsize = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
683 
684 	for (i = 0; i < eh->e_phnum; i++) {
685 		pp = &ph[i];
686 		if (pp->p_type == PT_INTERP) {
687 			if (pp->p_filesz >= MAXPATHLEN) {
688 				error = ENOEXEC;
689 				goto bad;
690 			}
691 			interp = PNBUF_GET();
692 			interp[0] = '\0';
693 			if ((error = exec_read_from(l, epp->ep_vp,
694 			    pp->p_offset, interp, pp->p_filesz)) != 0)
695 				goto bad;
696 			break;
697 		}
698 	}
699 
700 	/*
701 	 * On the same architecture, we may be emulating different systems.
702 	 * See which one will accept this executable.
703 	 *
704 	 * Probe functions would normally see if the interpreter (if any)
705 	 * exists. Emulation packages may possibly replace the interpreter in
706 	 * interp[] with a changed path (/emul/xxx/<path>).
707 	 */
708 	pos = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
709 	if (epp->ep_esch->u.elf_probe_func) {
710 		vaddr_t startp = (vaddr_t)pos;
711 
712 		error = (*epp->ep_esch->u.elf_probe_func)(l, epp, eh, interp,
713 							  &startp);
714 		if (error)
715 			goto bad;
716 		pos = (Elf_Addr)startp;
717 	}
718 
719 #if defined(PAX_MPROTECT) || defined(PAX_SEGVGUARD) || defined(PAX_ASLR)
720 	p->p_pax = epp->ep_pax_flags;
721 #endif /* PAX_MPROTECT || PAX_SEGVGUARD || PAX_ASLR */
722 
723 	if (is_dyn)
724 		elf_placedynexec(l, epp, eh, ph);
725 
726 	/*
727 	 * Load all the necessary sections
728 	 */
729 	for (i = nload = 0; i < eh->e_phnum; i++) {
730 		Elf_Addr  addr = ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR);
731 		u_long size = 0;
732 		int prot = 0;
733 
734 		pp = &ph[i];
735 
736 		switch (ph[i].p_type) {
737 		case PT_LOAD:
738 			/*
739 			 * XXX
740 			 * Can handle only 2 sections: text and data
741 			 */
742 			if (nload++ == 2) {
743 				error = ENOEXEC;
744 				goto bad;
745 			}
746 			elf_load_psection(&epp->ep_vmcmds, epp->ep_vp,
747 			    &ph[i], &addr, &size, &prot, VMCMD_FIXED);
748 
749 			/*
750 			 * Decide whether it's text or data by looking
751 			 * at the entry point.
752 			 */
753 			if (eh->e_entry >= addr &&
754 			    eh->e_entry < (addr + size)) {
755 				epp->ep_taddr = addr;
756 				epp->ep_tsize = size;
757 				if (epp->ep_daddr == ELFDEFNNAME(NO_ADDR)) {
758 					epp->ep_daddr = addr;
759 					epp->ep_dsize = size;
760 				}
761 			} else {
762 				epp->ep_daddr = addr;
763 				epp->ep_dsize = size;
764 			}
765 			break;
766 
767 		case PT_SHLIB:
768 			/* SCO has these sections. */
769 		case PT_INTERP:
770 			/* Already did this one. */
771 		case PT_DYNAMIC:
772 			break;
773 		case PT_NOTE:
774 			break;
775 		case PT_PHDR:
776 			/* Note address of program headers (in text segment) */
777 			phdr = pp->p_vaddr;
778 			break;
779 
780 		default:
781 			/*
782 			 * Not fatal; we don't need to understand everything.
783 			 */
784 			break;
785 		}
786 	}
787 
788 	/*
789 	 * Check if we found a dynamically linked binary and arrange to load
790 	 * its interpreter
791 	 */
792 	if (interp) {
793 		struct elf_args *ap;
794 		int j = epp->ep_vmcmds.evs_used;
795 		u_long interp_offset;
796 
797 		ap = (struct elf_args *)malloc(sizeof(struct elf_args),
798 		    M_TEMP, M_WAITOK);
799 		if ((error = elf_load_file(l, epp, interp,
800 		    &epp->ep_vmcmds, &interp_offset, ap, &pos)) != 0) {
801 			free(ap, M_TEMP);
802 			goto bad;
803 		}
804 		ap->arg_interp = epp->ep_vmcmds.evs_cmds[j].ev_addr;
805 		epp->ep_entry = ap->arg_interp + interp_offset;
806 		ap->arg_phaddr = phdr;
807 
808 		ap->arg_phentsize = eh->e_phentsize;
809 		ap->arg_phnum = eh->e_phnum;
810 		ap->arg_entry = eh->e_entry;
811 
812 		epp->ep_emul_arg = ap;
813 
814 		PNBUF_PUT(interp);
815 	} else
816 		epp->ep_entry = eh->e_entry;
817 
818 #ifdef ELF_MAP_PAGE_ZERO
819 	/* Dell SVR4 maps page zero, yeuch! */
820 	NEW_VMCMD(&epp->ep_vmcmds, vmcmd_map_readvn, PAGE_SIZE, 0,
821 	    epp->ep_vp, 0, VM_PROT_READ);
822 #endif
823 	kmem_free(ph, phsize);
824 	return (*epp->ep_esch->es_setup_stack)(l, epp);
825 
826 bad:
827 	if (interp)
828 		PNBUF_PUT(interp);
829 	kmem_free(ph, phsize);
830 	kill_vmcmds(&epp->ep_vmcmds);
831 	return error;
832 }
833 
834 int
835 netbsd_elf_signature(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp,
836     Elf_Ehdr *eh)
837 {
838 	size_t i;
839 	Elf_Shdr *sh;
840 	Elf_Nhdr *np;
841 	size_t shsize;
842 	int error;
843 	int isnetbsd = 0;
844 	char *ndata;
845 
846 	epp->ep_pax_flags = 0;
847 	if (eh->e_shnum > MAXSHNUM || eh->e_shnum == 0)
848 		return ENOEXEC;
849 
850 	shsize = eh->e_shnum * sizeof(Elf_Shdr);
851 	sh = kmem_alloc(shsize, KM_SLEEP);
852 	error = exec_read_from(l, epp->ep_vp, eh->e_shoff, sh, shsize);
853 	if (error)
854 		goto out;
855 
856 	np = kmem_alloc(MAXNOTESIZE, KM_SLEEP);
857 	for (i = 0; i < eh->e_shnum; i++) {
858 		Elf_Shdr *shp = &sh[i];
859 
860 		if (shp->sh_type != SHT_NOTE ||
861 		    shp->sh_size > MAXNOTESIZE ||
862 		    shp->sh_size < sizeof(Elf_Nhdr) + ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_NAMESZ)
863 			continue;
864 
865 		error = exec_read_from(l, epp->ep_vp, shp->sh_offset, np,
866 		    shp->sh_size);
867 		if (error)
868 			continue;
869 
870 		ndata = (char *)(np + 1);
871 		switch (np->n_type) {
872 		case ELF_NOTE_TYPE_NETBSD_TAG:
873 			if (np->n_namesz != ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_NAMESZ ||
874 			    np->n_descsz != ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_DESCSZ ||
875 			    memcmp(ndata, ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_NAME,
876 			    ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_NAMESZ))
877 				goto bad;
878 			isnetbsd = 1;
879 			break;
880 
881 		case ELF_NOTE_TYPE_PAX_TAG:
882 			if (np->n_namesz != ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ ||
883 			    np->n_descsz != ELF_NOTE_PAX_DESCSZ ||
884 			    memcmp(ndata, ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAME,
885 			    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ)) {
886 bad:
887 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
888 				printf("%s: bad tag %d: "
889 				    "[%d %d, %d %d, %*.*s %*.*s]\n",
890 				    epp->ep_name,
891 				    np->n_type,
892 				    np->n_namesz, ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
893 				    np->n_descsz, ELF_NOTE_PAX_DESCSZ,
894 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
895 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
896 				    ndata,
897 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
898 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
899 				    ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAME);
900 #endif
901 				continue;
902 			}
903 			(void)memcpy(&epp->ep_pax_flags,
904 			    ndata + ELF_NOTE_PAX_NAMESZ,
905 			    sizeof(epp->ep_pax_flags));
906 			break;
907 
908 		default:
909 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
910 			printf("%s: unknown note type %d\n", epp->ep_name,
911 			    np->n_type);
912 #endif
913 			break;
914 		}
915 	}
916 	kmem_free(np, MAXNOTESIZE);
917 
918 	error = isnetbsd ? 0 : ENOEXEC;
919 out:
920 	kmem_free(sh, shsize);
921 	return error;
922 }
923 
924 int
925 netbsd_elf_probe(struct lwp *l, struct exec_package *epp, void *eh, char *itp,
926     vaddr_t *pos)
927 {
928 	int error;
929 
930 	if ((error = netbsd_elf_signature(l, epp, eh)) != 0)
931 		return error;
932 #ifdef ELF_MD_PROBE_FUNC
933 	if ((error = ELF_MD_PROBE_FUNC(l, epp, eh, itp, pos)) != 0)
934 		return error;
935 #elif defined(ELF_INTERP_NON_RELOCATABLE)
936 	*pos = ELF_LINK_ADDR;
937 #endif
938 	return 0;
939 }
940