xref: /netbsd-src/sys/kern/core_elf32.c (revision e89934bbf778a6d6d6894877c4da59d0c7835b0f)
1 /*	$NetBSD: core_elf32.c,v 1.51 2017/01/25 17:55:47 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2001 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Written by Jason R. Thorpe for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
18  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
19  *	This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
20  *	Wasabi Systems, Inc.
21  * 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
22  *    or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
23  *    written permission.
24  *
25  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
26  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
27  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
28  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
29  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
30  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
31  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
32  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
33  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
34  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
35  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
36  */
37 
38 /*
39  * core_elf32.c/core_elf64.c: Support for the Elf32/Elf64 core file format.
40  */
41 
42 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
43 __KERNEL_RCSID(1, "$NetBSD: core_elf32.c,v 1.51 2017/01/25 17:55:47 christos Exp $");
44 
45 #ifdef _KERNEL_OPT
46 #include "opt_coredump.h"
47 #include "opt_compat_netbsd32.h"
48 #endif
49 
50 #ifndef ELFSIZE
51 #define	ELFSIZE		32
52 #endif
53 
54 #include <sys/param.h>
55 #include <sys/systm.h>
56 #include <sys/proc.h>
57 #include <sys/vnode.h>
58 #include <sys/exec.h>
59 #include <sys/exec_elf.h>
60 #include <sys/ptrace.h>
61 #include <sys/kmem.h>
62 #include <sys/kauth.h>
63 
64 #include <machine/reg.h>
65 
66 #include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
67 
68 #ifdef COREDUMP
69 
70 struct writesegs_state {
71 	Elf_Phdr *psections;
72 	proc_t   *p;
73 	off_t	 secoff;
74 	size_t   npsections;
75 };
76 
77 /*
78  * We need to know how big the 'notes' are before we write the main header.
79  * To avoid problems with double-processing we save the data.
80  */
81 struct note_buf {
82 	struct note_buf  *nb_next;
83 	unsigned char    nb_data[4096 - sizeof (void *)];
84 };
85 
86 struct note_state {
87 	struct note_buf  *ns_first;
88 	struct note_buf  *ns_last;
89 	unsigned int     ns_count;       /* Of full buffers */
90 	unsigned int     ns_offset;      /* Write point in last buffer */
91 };
92 
93 static int	ELFNAMEEND(coredump_getseghdrs)(struct uvm_coredump_state *);
94 
95 static int	ELFNAMEEND(coredump_notes)(struct lwp *, struct note_state *);
96 static int	ELFNAMEEND(coredump_note)(struct lwp *, struct note_state *);
97 
98 /* The 'note' section names and data are always 4-byte aligned. */
99 #define	ELFROUNDSIZE	4	/* XXX Should it be sizeof(Elf_Word)? */
100 
101 #define elf_process_read_regs	CONCAT(process_read_regs, ELFSIZE)
102 #define elf_process_read_fpregs	CONCAT(process_read_fpregs, ELFSIZE)
103 #define elf_reg			CONCAT(process_reg, ELFSIZE)
104 #define elf_fpreg		CONCAT(process_fpreg, ELFSIZE)
105 
106 int
107 ELFNAMEEND(coredump)(struct lwp *l, struct coredump_iostate *cookie)
108 {
109 	Elf_Ehdr ehdr;
110 	Elf_Shdr shdr;
111 	Elf_Phdr *psections;
112 	size_t psectionssize;
113 	int npsections;
114 	struct writesegs_state ws;
115 	off_t notestart;
116 	size_t notesize;
117 	int error, i;
118 
119 	struct note_state ns;
120 	struct note_buf *nb;
121 
122 	psections = NULL;
123 
124 	/* Get all of the notes (mostly all the registers). */
125 	ns.ns_first = kmem_alloc(sizeof *ns.ns_first, KM_SLEEP);
126 	ns.ns_last = ns.ns_first;
127 	ns.ns_count = 0;
128 	ns.ns_offset = 0;
129 	error = ELFNAMEEND(coredump_notes)(l, &ns);
130 	ns.ns_last->nb_next = NULL;
131 	if (error)
132 		goto out;
133 	notesize = ns.ns_count * sizeof nb->nb_data + ns.ns_offset;
134 
135 	/*
136 	 * We have to make a total of 3 passes across the map:
137 	 *
138 	 *	1. Count the number of map entries (the number of
139 	 *	   PT_LOAD sections in the dump).
140 	 *
141 	 *	2. Write the P-section headers.
142 	 *
143 	 *	3. Write the P-sections.
144 	 */
145 
146 	/* Pass 1: count the entries. */
147 	npsections = uvm_coredump_count_segs(l->l_proc);
148 	/* Allow for the PT_NOTE section. */
149 	npsections++;
150 
151 	/* Build the main elf header */
152 	memset(&ehdr.e_ident[EI_PAD], 0, sizeof(ehdr.e_ident) - EI_PAD);
153 	memcpy(ehdr.e_ident, ELFMAG, SELFMAG);
154 #if ELFSIZE == 32
155 	ehdr.e_ident[EI_CLASS] = ELFCLASS32;
156 #elif ELFSIZE == 64
157 	ehdr.e_ident[EI_CLASS] = ELFCLASS64;
158 #endif
159 	ehdr.e_ident[EI_DATA] = ELFDEFNNAME(MACHDEP_ENDIANNESS);
160 	ehdr.e_ident[EI_VERSION] = EV_CURRENT;
161 	/* XXX Should be the OSABI/ABI version of the executable. */
162 	ehdr.e_ident[EI_OSABI] = ELFOSABI_SYSV;
163 	ehdr.e_ident[EI_ABIVERSION] = 0;
164 
165 	ehdr.e_type = ET_CORE;
166 	/* XXX This should be the e_machine of the executable. */
167 	ehdr.e_machine = ELFDEFNNAME(MACHDEP_ID);
168 	ehdr.e_version = EV_CURRENT;
169 	ehdr.e_entry = 0;
170 	ehdr.e_flags = 0;
171 	ehdr.e_ehsize = sizeof(ehdr);
172 	ehdr.e_phentsize = sizeof(Elf_Phdr);
173 	if (npsections < PN_XNUM) {
174 		ehdr.e_phnum = npsections;
175 		ehdr.e_shentsize = 0;
176 		ehdr.e_shnum = 0;
177 		ehdr.e_shoff = 0;
178 		ehdr.e_phoff = sizeof(ehdr);
179 	} else {
180 		ehdr.e_phnum = PN_XNUM;
181 		ehdr.e_shentsize = sizeof(Elf_Shdr);
182 		ehdr.e_shnum = 1;
183 		ehdr.e_shoff = sizeof(ehdr);
184 		ehdr.e_phoff = sizeof(ehdr) + sizeof(shdr);
185 	}
186 	ehdr.e_shstrndx = 0;
187 
188 #ifdef ELF_MD_COREDUMP_SETUP
189 	ELF_MD_COREDUMP_SETUP(l, &ehdr);
190 #endif
191 
192 	/* Write out the ELF header. */
193 	error = coredump_write(cookie, UIO_SYSSPACE, &ehdr, sizeof(ehdr));
194 	if (error)
195 		goto out;
196 
197 	/* Write out sections, if needed */
198 	if (npsections >= PN_XNUM) {
199 		memset(&shdr, 0, sizeof(shdr));
200 		shdr.sh_type = SHT_NULL;
201 		shdr.sh_info = npsections;
202 		error = coredump_write(cookie, UIO_SYSSPACE, &shdr,
203 		    sizeof(shdr));
204 		if (error)
205 			goto out;
206 	}
207 
208 	psectionssize = npsections * sizeof(*psections);
209 	notestart = ehdr.e_phoff + psectionssize;
210 
211 	psections = kmem_zalloc(psectionssize, KM_SLEEP);
212 
213 	/* Pass 2: now find the P-section headers. */
214 	ws.secoff = notestart + notesize;
215 	ws.psections = psections;
216 	ws.npsections = npsections - 1;
217 	ws.p = l->l_proc;
218 	error = uvm_coredump_walkmap(l->l_proc, ELFNAMEEND(coredump_getseghdrs),
219 	    &ws);
220 	if (error)
221 		goto out;
222 	if (ws.npsections != 0) {
223 		/* A section went away */
224 		error = ENOMEM;
225 		goto out;
226 	}
227 
228 	/* Add the PT_NOTE header after the P-section headers. */
229 	ws.psections->p_type = PT_NOTE;
230 	ws.psections->p_offset = notestart;
231 	ws.psections->p_vaddr = 0;
232 	ws.psections->p_paddr = 0;
233 	ws.psections->p_filesz = notesize;
234 	ws.psections->p_memsz = 0;
235 	ws.psections->p_flags = PF_R;
236 	ws.psections->p_align = ELFROUNDSIZE;
237 
238 	/* Write the P-section headers followed by the PT_NOTE header */
239 	error = coredump_write(cookie, UIO_SYSSPACE, psections, psectionssize);
240 	if (error)
241 		goto out;
242 
243 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
244 	if (coredump_offset(cookie) != notestart)
245 		panic("coredump: offset %lld != notestart %lld",
246 		    (long long) coredump_offset(cookie),
247 		    (long long) notestart);
248 #endif
249 
250 	/* Write out the notes. */
251 	for (nb = ns.ns_first; nb != NULL; nb = nb->nb_next) {
252 		error = coredump_write(cookie, UIO_SYSSPACE, nb->nb_data,
253 		    nb->nb_next == NULL ? ns.ns_offset : sizeof nb->nb_data);
254 		if (error)
255 			goto out;
256 	}
257 
258 	/* Finally, write the sections themselves. */
259 	for (i = 0; i < npsections - 1; i++) {
260 		if (psections[i].p_filesz == 0)
261 			continue;
262 
263 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
264 		if (coredump_offset(cookie) != psections[i].p_offset)
265 			panic("coredump: offset %lld != p_offset[%d] %lld",
266 			    (long long) coredump_offset(cookie), i,
267 			    (long long) psections[i].p_filesz);
268 #endif
269 
270 		error = coredump_write(cookie, UIO_USERSPACE,
271 		    (void *)(vaddr_t)psections[i].p_vaddr,
272 		    psections[i].p_filesz);
273 		if (error)
274 			goto out;
275 	}
276 
277   out:
278 	if (psections)
279 		kmem_free(psections, psectionssize);
280 	while ((nb = ns.ns_first) != NULL) {
281 		ns.ns_first = nb->nb_next;
282 		kmem_free(nb, sizeof *nb);
283 	}
284 	return (error);
285 }
286 
287 static int
288 ELFNAMEEND(coredump_getseghdrs)(struct uvm_coredump_state *us)
289 {
290 	struct writesegs_state *ws = us->cookie;
291 	Elf_Phdr phdr;
292 	vsize_t size, realsize;
293 	vaddr_t end;
294 	int error;
295 
296 	/* Don't overrun if there are more sections */
297 	if (ws->npsections == 0)
298 		return ENOMEM;
299 	ws->npsections--;
300 
301 	size = us->end - us->start;
302 	realsize = us->realend - us->start;
303 	end = us->realend;
304 
305 	/* Don't bother writing out trailing zeros */
306 	while (realsize > 0) {
307 		long buf[1024 / sizeof(long)];
308 		size_t slen = realsize > sizeof(buf) ? sizeof(buf) : realsize;
309 		const long *ep;
310 		int i;
311 
312 		end -= slen;
313 		if ((error = copyin_proc(ws->p, (void *)end, buf, slen)) != 0)
314 			return error;
315 
316 		ep = (const long *) &buf[slen / sizeof(buf[0])];
317 		for (i = 0, ep--; buf <= ep; ep--, i++) {
318 			if (*ep)
319 				break;
320 		}
321 		realsize -= i * sizeof(buf[0]);
322 		if (i * sizeof(buf[0]) < slen)
323 			break;
324 	}
325 
326 	phdr.p_type = PT_LOAD;
327 	phdr.p_offset = ws->secoff;
328 	phdr.p_vaddr = us->start;
329 	phdr.p_paddr = 0;
330 	phdr.p_filesz = realsize;
331 	phdr.p_memsz = size;
332 	phdr.p_flags = 0;
333 	if (us->prot & VM_PROT_READ)
334 		phdr.p_flags |= PF_R;
335 	if (us->prot & VM_PROT_WRITE)
336 		phdr.p_flags |= PF_W;
337 	if (us->prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE)
338 		phdr.p_flags |= PF_X;
339 	phdr.p_align = PAGE_SIZE;
340 
341 	ws->secoff += phdr.p_filesz;
342 	*ws->psections++ = phdr;
343 
344 	return (0);
345 }
346 
347 static void
348 coredump_note_procinfo(struct lwp *l, struct note_state *ns)
349 {
350 	struct proc *p;
351 	struct netbsd_elfcore_procinfo cpi;
352 	struct lwp *l0;
353 	sigset_t ss1, ss2;
354 
355 	p = l->l_proc;
356 
357 	/* First, write an elfcore_procinfo. */
358 	cpi.cpi_version = NETBSD_ELFCORE_PROCINFO_VERSION;
359 	cpi.cpi_cpisize = sizeof(cpi);
360 	cpi.cpi_signo = p->p_sigctx.ps_info._signo;
361 	cpi.cpi_sigcode = p->p_sigctx.ps_info._code;
362 	cpi.cpi_siglwp = p->p_sigctx.ps_lwp;
363 
364 	/*
365 	 * XXX This should be per-LWP.
366 	 */
367 	ss1 = p->p_sigpend.sp_set;
368 	sigemptyset(&ss2);
369 	LIST_FOREACH(l0, &p->p_lwps, l_sibling) {
370 		sigplusset(&l0->l_sigpend.sp_set, &ss1);
371 		sigplusset(&l0->l_sigmask, &ss2);
372 	}
373 	memcpy(&cpi.cpi_sigpend, &ss1, sizeof(cpi.cpi_sigpend));
374 	memcpy(&cpi.cpi_sigmask, &ss2, sizeof(cpi.cpi_sigmask));
375 	memcpy(&cpi.cpi_sigignore, &p->p_sigctx.ps_sigignore,
376 	    sizeof(cpi.cpi_sigignore));
377 	memcpy(&cpi.cpi_sigcatch, &p->p_sigctx.ps_sigcatch,
378 	    sizeof(cpi.cpi_sigcatch));
379 
380 	cpi.cpi_pid = p->p_pid;
381 	mutex_enter(proc_lock);
382 	cpi.cpi_ppid = p->p_pptr->p_pid;
383 	cpi.cpi_pgrp = p->p_pgid;
384 	cpi.cpi_sid = p->p_session->s_sid;
385 	mutex_exit(proc_lock);
386 
387 	cpi.cpi_ruid = kauth_cred_getuid(l->l_cred);
388 	cpi.cpi_euid = kauth_cred_geteuid(l->l_cred);
389 	cpi.cpi_svuid = kauth_cred_getsvuid(l->l_cred);
390 
391 	cpi.cpi_rgid = kauth_cred_getgid(l->l_cred);
392 	cpi.cpi_egid = kauth_cred_getegid(l->l_cred);
393 	cpi.cpi_svgid = kauth_cred_getsvgid(l->l_cred);
394 
395 	cpi.cpi_nlwps = p->p_nlwps;
396 	(void)strncpy(cpi.cpi_name, p->p_comm, sizeof(cpi.cpi_name));
397 	cpi.cpi_name[sizeof(cpi.cpi_name) - 1] = '\0';
398 
399 	ELFNAMEEND(coredump_savenote)(ns, ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_CORE_PROCINFO,
400 	    ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_CORE_NAME, &cpi, sizeof(cpi));
401 }
402 
403 static int
404 coredump_note_auxv(struct lwp *l, struct note_state *ns)
405 {
406 	struct ps_strings pss;
407 	int error;
408 	struct proc *p = l->l_proc;
409 	void *uauxv, *kauxv;
410 
411 	if ((error = copyin_psstrings(p, &pss)) != 0)
412 		return error;
413 
414 	if (pss.ps_envstr == NULL)
415 		return EIO;
416 
417 	size_t ptrsz = PROC_PTRSZ(p);
418 	uauxv = (void *)((char *)pss.ps_envstr + (pss.ps_nenvstr + 1) * ptrsz);
419 	size_t len = p->p_execsw->es_arglen;
420 
421 	kauxv = kmem_alloc(len, KM_SLEEP);
422 	error = copyin_proc(p, uauxv, kauxv, len);
423 	if (error == 0) {
424 		ELFNAMEEND(coredump_savenote)(ns, ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_CORE_AUXV,
425 		    ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_CORE_NAME, kauxv, len);
426 	}
427 
428 	kmem_free(kauxv, len);
429 	return error;
430 }
431 
432 static int
433 ELFNAMEEND(coredump_notes)(struct lwp *l, struct note_state *ns)
434 {
435 	int error;
436 	struct lwp *l0;
437 	struct proc *p = l->l_proc;
438 
439 	coredump_note_procinfo(l, ns);
440 	error = coredump_note_auxv(l, ns);
441 	if (error)
442 		return error;
443 
444 	/* XXX Add hook for machdep per-proc notes. */
445 
446 	/*
447 	 * Now write the register info for the thread that caused the
448 	 * coredump.
449 	 */
450 	error = ELFNAMEEND(coredump_note)(l, ns);
451 	if (error)
452 		return error;
453 
454 	/*
455 	 * Now, for each LWP, write the register info and any other
456 	 * per-LWP notes.
457 	 * Lock in case this is a gcore requested dump.
458 	 */
459 	mutex_enter(p->p_lock);
460 	LIST_FOREACH(l0, &p->p_lwps, l_sibling) {
461 		if (l0 == l)		/* we've taken care of this thread */
462 			continue;
463 		error = ELFNAMEEND(coredump_note)(l0, ns);
464 		if (error)
465 			break;
466 	}
467 	mutex_exit(p->p_lock);
468 
469 	return error;
470 }
471 
472 static int
473 ELFNAMEEND(coredump_note)(struct lwp *l, struct note_state *ns)
474 {
475 	int error;
476 	char name[64];
477 	elf_reg intreg;
478 #ifdef PT_GETFPREGS
479 	elf_fpreg freg;
480 	size_t freglen;
481 #endif
482 
483 	snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%s@%d",
484 	    ELF_NOTE_NETBSD_CORE_NAME, l->l_lid);
485 
486 	error = elf_process_read_regs(l, &intreg);
487 	if (error)
488 		return (error);
489 
490 	ELFNAMEEND(coredump_savenote)(ns, PT_GETREGS, name, &intreg,
491 	    sizeof(intreg));
492 
493 #ifdef PT_GETFPREGS
494 	freglen = sizeof(freg);
495 	error = elf_process_read_fpregs(l, &freg, &freglen);
496 	if (error)
497 		return (error);
498 
499 	ELFNAMEEND(coredump_savenote)(ns, PT_GETFPREGS, name, &freg, freglen);
500 #endif
501 	/* XXX Add hook for machdep per-LWP notes. */
502 	return (0);
503 }
504 
505 static void
506 save_note_bytes(struct note_state *ns, const void *data, size_t len)
507 {
508 	struct note_buf *nb = ns->ns_last;
509 	size_t copylen;
510 	unsigned char *wp;
511 
512 	/*
513 	 * Just copy the data into a buffer list.
514 	 * All but the last buffer is full.
515 	 */
516 	for (;;) {
517 		copylen = min(len, sizeof nb->nb_data - ns->ns_offset);
518 		wp = nb->nb_data + ns->ns_offset;
519 		memcpy(wp, data, copylen);
520 		if (copylen == len)
521 			break;
522 		nb->nb_next = kmem_alloc(sizeof *nb->nb_next, KM_SLEEP);
523 		nb = nb->nb_next;
524 		ns->ns_last = nb;
525 		ns->ns_count++;
526 		ns->ns_offset = 0;
527 		len -= copylen;
528 		data = (const unsigned char *)data + copylen;
529 	}
530 
531 	while (copylen & (ELFROUNDSIZE - 1))
532 	    wp[copylen++] = 0;
533 
534 	ns->ns_offset += copylen;
535 }
536 
537 void
538 ELFNAMEEND(coredump_savenote)(struct note_state *ns, unsigned int type,
539     const char *name, void *data, size_t data_len)
540 {
541 	Elf_Nhdr nhdr;
542 
543 	nhdr.n_namesz = strlen(name) + 1;
544 	nhdr.n_descsz = data_len;
545 	nhdr.n_type = type;
546 
547 	save_note_bytes(ns, &nhdr, sizeof (nhdr));
548 	save_note_bytes(ns, name, nhdr.n_namesz);
549 	save_note_bytes(ns, data, data_len);
550 }
551 
552 #else	/* COREDUMP */
553 
554 int
555 ELFNAMEEND(coredump)(struct lwp *l, struct coredump_iostate *cookie)
556 {
557 
558 	return ENOSYS;
559 }
560 
561 #endif	/* COREDUMP */
562