xref: /netbsd-src/sys/fs/tmpfs/tmpfs.h (revision f81322cf185a4db50f71fcf7701f20198272620e)
1 /*	$NetBSD: tmpfs.h,v 1.16 2006/02/16 20:17:19 perry Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2006 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
8  * by Julio M. Merino Vidal, developed as part of Google's Summer of Code
9  * 2005 program.
10  *
11  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13  * are met:
14  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
21  *        This product includes software developed by the NetBSD
22  *        Foundation, Inc. and its contributors.
23  * 4. Neither the name of The NetBSD Foundation nor the names of its
24  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
25  *    from this software without specific prior written permission.
26  *
27  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
28  * ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
29  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
30  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
31  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
32  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
33  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
34  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
35  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
36  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
37  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
38  */
39 
40 #ifndef _FS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_
41 #define _FS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_
42 
43 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------
44  * KERNEL-SPECIFIC DEFINITIONS
45  * --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
46 #include <sys/dirent.h>
47 #include <sys/mount.h>
48 #include <sys/queue.h>
49 #include <sys/vnode.h>
50 
51 #include <fs/tmpfs/tmpfs_pool.h>
52 
53 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
54 
55 /*
56  * Internal representation of a tmpfs directory entry.
57  */
58 struct tmpfs_dirent {
59 	TAILQ_ENTRY(tmpfs_dirent)	td_entries;
60 
61 	/* Length of the name stored in this directory entry.  This avoids
62 	 * the need to recalculate it every time the name is used. */
63 	uint16_t			td_namelen;
64 
65 	/* The name of the entry, allocated from a string pool.  This
66 	* string is not required to be zero-terminated; therefore, the
67 	* td_namelen field must always be used when accessing its value. */
68 	char *				td_name;
69 
70 	/* Pointer to the node this entry refers to. */
71 	struct tmpfs_node *		td_node;
72 };
73 
74 /* A directory in tmpfs holds a sorted list of directory entries, which in
75  * turn point to other files (which can be directories themselves).
76  *
77  * In tmpfs, this list is managed by a tail queue, whose head is defined by
78  * the struct tmpfs_dir type.
79  *
80  * It is imporant to notice that directories do not have entries for . and
81  * .. as other file systems do.  These can be generated when requested
82  * based on information available by other means, such as the pointer to
83  * the node itself in the former case or the pointer to the parent directory
84  * in the latter case.  This is done to simplify tmpfs's code and, more
85  * importantly, to remove redundancy. */
86 TAILQ_HEAD(tmpfs_dir, tmpfs_dirent);
87 
88 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE(dirent)	((off_t)(uintptr_t)(dirent))
89 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DOT	0
90 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_DOTDOT	1
91 #define	TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE_EOF	2
92 
93 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
94 
95 /*
96  * Internal representation of a tmpfs file system node.
97  *
98  * This structure is splitted in two parts: one holds attributes common
99  * to all file types and the other holds data that is only applicable to
100  * a particular type.  The code must be careful to only access those
101  * attributes that are actually allowed by the node's type.
102  */
103 struct tmpfs_node {
104 	/* Doubly-linked list entry which links all existing nodes for a
105 	 * single file system.  This is provided to ease the removal of
106 	 * all nodes during the unmount operation. */
107 	LIST_ENTRY(tmpfs_node)	tn_entries;
108 
109 	/* The node's type.  Any of 'VBLK', 'VCHR', 'VDIR', 'VFIFO',
110 	 * 'VLNK', 'VREG' and 'VSOCK' is allowed.  The usage of vnode
111 	 * types instead of a custom enumeration is to make things simpler
112 	 * and faster, as we do not need to convert between two types. */
113 	enum vtype		tn_type;
114 
115 	/* Node identifier. */
116 	ino_t			tn_id;
117 
118 	/* Node's internal status.  This is used by several file system
119 	 * operations to do modifications to the node in a delayed
120 	 * fashion. */
121 	int			tn_status;
122 #define	TMPFS_NODE_ACCESSED	(1 << 1)
123 #define	TMPFS_NODE_MODIFIED	(1 << 2)
124 #define	TMPFS_NODE_CHANGED	(1 << 3)
125 
126 	/* The node size.  It does not necessarily match the real amount
127 	 * of memory consumed by it. */
128 	off_t			tn_size;
129 
130 	/* Generic node attributes. */
131 	uid_t			tn_uid;
132 	gid_t			tn_gid;
133 	mode_t			tn_mode;
134 	int			tn_flags;
135 	nlink_t			tn_links;
136 	struct timespec		tn_atime;
137 	struct timespec		tn_mtime;
138 	struct timespec		tn_ctime;
139 	struct timespec		tn_birthtime;
140 	unsigned long		tn_gen;
141 
142 	/* Head of byte-level lock list (used by tmpfs_advlock). */
143 	struct lockf *		tn_lockf;
144 
145 	/* As there is a single vnode for each active file within the
146 	 * system, care has to be taken to avoid allocating more than one
147 	 * vnode per file.  In order to do this, a bidirectional association
148 	 * is kept between vnodes and nodes.
149 	 *
150 	 * Whenever a vnode is allocated, its v_data field is updated to
151 	 * point to the node it references.  At the same time, the node's
152 	 * tn_vnode field is modified to point to the new vnode representing
153 	 * it.  Further attempts to allocate a vnode for this same node will
154 	 * result in returning a new reference to the value stored in
155 	 * tn_vnode.
156 	 *
157 	 * May be NULL when the node is unused (that is, no vnode has been
158 	 * allocated for it or it has been reclaimed). */
159 	struct vnode *		tn_vnode;
160 
161 	/* Pointer to the node returned by tmpfs_lookup() after doing a
162 	 * delete or a rename lookup; its value is only valid in these two
163 	 * situations.  In case we were looking up . or .., it holds a null
164 	 * pointer. */
165 	struct tmpfs_dirent *	tn_lookup_dirent;
166 
167 	union {
168 		/* Valid when tn_type == VBLK || tn_type == VCHR. */
169 		struct {
170 			dev_t			tn_rdev;
171 		} tn_dev;
172 
173 		/* Valid when tn_type == VDIR. */
174 		struct {
175 			/* Pointer to the parent directory.  The root
176 			 * directory has a pointer to itself in this field;
177 			 * this property identifies the root node. */
178 			struct tmpfs_node *	tn_parent;
179 
180 			/* Head of a tail-queue that links the contents of
181 			 * the directory together.  See above for a
182 			 * description of its contents. */
183 			struct tmpfs_dir	tn_dir;
184 
185 			/* Number and pointer of the first directory entry
186 			 * returned by the readdir operation if it were
187 			 * called again to continue reading data from the
188 			 * same directory as before.  This is used to speed
189 			 * up reads of long directories, assuming that no
190 			 * more than one read is in progress at a given time.
191 			 * Otherwise, these values are discarded and a linear
192 			 * scan is performed from the beginning up to the
193 			 * point where readdir starts returning values. */
194 			off_t			tn_readdir_lastn;
195 			struct tmpfs_dirent *	tn_readdir_lastp;
196 		} tn_dir;
197 
198 		/* Valid when tn_type == VLNK. */
199 		struct tn_lnk {
200 			/* The link's target, allocated from a string pool. */
201 			char *			tn_link;
202 		} tn_lnk;
203 
204 		/* Valid when tn_type == VREG. */
205 		struct tn_reg {
206 			/* The contents of regular files stored in a tmpfs
207 			 * file system are represented by a single anonymous
208 			 * memory object (aobj, for short).  The aobj provides
209 			 * direct access to any position within the file,
210 			 * because its contents are always mapped in a
211 			 * contiguous region of virtual memory.  It is a task
212 			 * of the memory management subsystem (see uvm(9)) to
213 			 * issue the required page ins or page outs whenever
214 			 * a position within the file is accessed. */
215 			struct uvm_object *	tn_aobj;
216 			size_t			tn_aobj_pages;
217 		} tn_reg;
218 	} tn_spec;
219 };
220 LIST_HEAD(tmpfs_node_list, tmpfs_node);
221 
222 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
223 
224 /*
225  * Internal representation of a tmpfs mount point.
226  */
227 struct tmpfs_mount {
228 	/* Maximum number of memory pages available for use by the file
229 	 * system, set during mount time.  This variable must never be
230 	 * used directly as it may be bigger that the current amount of
231 	 * free memory; in the extreme case, it will hold the SIZE_MAX
232 	 * value.  Instead, use the TMPFS_PAGES_MAX macro. */
233 	size_t			tm_pages_max;
234 
235 	/* Number of pages in use by the file system.  Cannot be bigger
236 	 * than the value returned by TMPFS_PAGES_MAX in any case. */
237 	size_t			tm_pages_used;
238 
239 	/* Pointer to the node representing the root directory of this
240 	 * file system. */
241 	struct tmpfs_node *	tm_root;
242 
243 	/* Maximum number of possible nodes for this file system; set
244 	 * during mount time.  We need a hard limit on the maximum number
245 	 * of nodes to avoid allocating too much of them; their objects
246 	 * cannot be released until the file system is unmounted.
247 	 * Otherwise, we could easily run out of memory by creating lots
248 	 * of empty files and then simply removing them. */
249 	ino_t			tm_nodes_max;
250 
251 	/* Number of nodes currently allocated.  This number only grows.
252 	 * When it reaches tm_nodes_max, no more new nodes can be allocated.
253 	 * Of course, the old, unused ones can be reused. */
254 	ino_t			tm_nodes_last;
255 
256 	/* Nodes are organized in two different lists.  The used list
257 	 * contains all nodes that are currently used by the file system;
258 	 * i.e., they refer to existing files.  The available list contains
259 	 * all nodes that are currently available for use by new files.
260 	 * Nodes must be kept in this list (instead of deleting them)
261 	 * because we need to keep track of their generation number (tn_gen
262 	 * field).
263 	 *
264 	 * Note that nodes are lazily allocated: if the available list is
265 	 * empty and we have enough space to create more nodes, they will be
266 	 * created and inserted in the used list.  Once these are released,
267 	 * they will go into the available list, remaining alive until the
268 	 * file system is unmounted. */
269 	struct tmpfs_node_list	tm_nodes_used;
270 	struct tmpfs_node_list	tm_nodes_avail;
271 
272 	/* Pools used to store file system meta data.  These are not shared
273 	 * across several instances of tmpfs for the reasons described in
274 	 * tmpfs_pool.c. */
275 	struct tmpfs_pool	tm_dirent_pool;
276 	struct tmpfs_pool	tm_node_pool;
277 	struct tmpfs_str_pool	tm_str_pool;
278 };
279 
280 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
281 
282 /*
283  * This structure maps a file identifier to a tmpfs node.  Used by the
284  * NFS code.
285  */
286 struct tmpfs_fid {
287 	uint16_t		tf_len;
288 	uint16_t		tf_pad;
289 	ino_t			tf_id;
290 	unsigned long		tf_gen;
291 };
292 
293 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
294 
295 #ifdef _KERNEL
296 /*
297  * Prototypes for tmpfs_subr.c.
298  */
299 
300 int	tmpfs_alloc_node(struct tmpfs_mount *, enum vtype,
301 	    uid_t uid, gid_t gid, mode_t mode, struct tmpfs_node *,
302 	    char *, dev_t, struct proc *, struct tmpfs_node **);
303 void	tmpfs_free_node(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_node *);
304 int	tmpfs_alloc_dirent(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_node *,
305 	    const char *, uint16_t, struct tmpfs_dirent **);
306 void	tmpfs_free_dirent(struct tmpfs_mount *, struct tmpfs_dirent *,
307 	    boolean_t);
308 int	tmpfs_alloc_vp(struct mount *, struct tmpfs_node *, struct vnode **);
309 void	tmpfs_free_vp(struct vnode *);
310 int	tmpfs_alloc_file(struct vnode *, struct vnode **, struct vattr *,
311 	    struct componentname *, char *);
312 void	tmpfs_dir_attach(struct vnode *, struct tmpfs_dirent *);
313 void	tmpfs_dir_detach(struct vnode *, struct tmpfs_dirent *);
314 struct tmpfs_dirent *	tmpfs_dir_lookup(struct tmpfs_node *node,
315 			    struct componentname *cnp);
316 int	tmpfs_dir_getdotdent(struct tmpfs_node *, struct uio *);
317 int	tmpfs_dir_getdotdotdent(struct tmpfs_node *, struct uio *);
318 struct tmpfs_dirent *	tmpfs_dir_lookupbycookie(struct tmpfs_node *, off_t);
319 int	tmpfs_dir_getdents(struct tmpfs_node *, struct uio *, off_t *);
320 int	tmpfs_reg_resize(struct vnode *, off_t);
321 size_t	tmpfs_mem_info(boolean_t);
322 int	tmpfs_chflags(struct vnode *, int, struct ucred *, struct proc *);
323 int	tmpfs_chmod(struct vnode *, mode_t, struct ucred *, struct proc *);
324 int	tmpfs_chown(struct vnode *, uid_t, gid_t, struct ucred *,
325 	    struct proc *);
326 int	tmpfs_chsize(struct vnode *, u_quad_t, struct ucred *, struct proc *);
327 int	tmpfs_chtimes(struct vnode *, struct timespec *, struct timespec *,
328 	    int, struct ucred *, struct lwp *);
329 void	tmpfs_itimes(struct vnode *, const struct timespec *,
330 	    const struct timespec *);
331 
332 void	tmpfs_update(struct vnode *, const struct timespec *,
333 	    const struct timespec *, int);
334 int	tmpfs_truncate(struct vnode *, off_t);
335 
336 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
337 
338 /*
339  * Convenience macros to simplify some logical expressions.
340  */
341 #define IMPLIES(a, b) (!(a) || (b))
342 #define IFF(a, b) (IMPLIES(a, b) && IMPLIES(b, a))
343 
344 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
345 
346 /*
347  * Checks that the directory entry pointed by 'de' matches the name 'name'
348  * with a length of 'len'.
349  */
350 #define TMPFS_DIRENT_MATCHES(de, name, len) \
351     (de->td_namelen == (uint16_t)len && \
352     memcmp((de)->td_name, (name), (de)->td_namelen) == 0)
353 
354 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
355 
356 /*
357  * Ensures that the node pointed by 'node' is a directory and that its
358  * contents are consistent with respect to directories.
359  */
360 #define TMPFS_VALIDATE_DIR(node) \
361     KASSERT((node)->tn_type == VDIR); \
362     KASSERT((node)->tn_size % sizeof(struct tmpfs_dirent) == 0); \
363     KASSERT((node)->tn_spec.tn_dir.tn_readdir_lastp == NULL || \
364         TMPFS_DIRCOOKIE((node)->tn_spec.tn_dir.tn_readdir_lastp) == \
365         (node)->tn_spec.tn_dir.tn_readdir_lastn);
366 
367 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
368 
369 /*
370  * Memory management stuff.
371  */
372 
373 /* Amount of memory pages to reserve for the system (e.g., to not use by
374  * tmpfs).
375  * XXX: Should this be tunable through sysctl, for instance? */
376 #define TMPFS_PAGES_RESERVED (4 * 1024 * 1024 / PAGE_SIZE)
377 
378 /* Returns the maximum size allowed for a tmpfs file system.  This macro
379  * must be used instead of directly retrieving the value from tm_pages_max.
380  * The reason is that the size of a tmpfs file system is dynamic: it lets
381  * the user store files as long as there is enough free memory (including
382  * physical memory and swap space).  Therefore, the amount of memory to be
383  * used is either the limit imposed by the user during mount time or the
384  * amount of available memory, whichever is lower.  To avoid consuming all
385  * the memory for a given mount point, the system will always reserve a
386  * minimum of TMPFS_PAGES_RESERVED pages, which is also taken into account
387  * by this macro (see above). */
388 static __inline size_t
389 TMPFS_PAGES_MAX(struct tmpfs_mount *tmp)
390 {
391 	size_t freepages;
392 
393 	freepages = tmpfs_mem_info(FALSE);
394 	if (freepages < TMPFS_PAGES_RESERVED)
395 		freepages = 0;
396 	else
397 		freepages -= TMPFS_PAGES_RESERVED;
398 
399 	return MIN(tmp->tm_pages_max, freepages + tmp->tm_pages_used);
400 }
401 
402 /* Returns the available space for the given file system. */
403 #define TMPFS_PAGES_AVAIL(tmp) (TMPFS_PAGES_MAX(tmp) - (tmp)->tm_pages_used)
404 
405 #endif
406 
407 /* --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
408 
409 /*
410  * Macros/functions to convert from generic data structures to tmpfs
411  * specific ones.
412  */
413 
414 static __inline
415 struct tmpfs_mount *
416 VFS_TO_TMPFS(struct mount *mp)
417 {
418 	struct tmpfs_mount *tmp;
419 
420 #ifdef KASSERT
421 	KASSERT((mp) != NULL && (mp)->mnt_data != NULL);
422 #endif
423 	tmp = (struct tmpfs_mount *)(mp)->mnt_data;
424 	return tmp;
425 }
426 
427 static __inline
428 struct tmpfs_node *
429 VP_TO_TMPFS_NODE(struct vnode *vp)
430 {
431 	struct tmpfs_node *node;
432 
433 #ifdef KASSERT
434 	KASSERT((vp) != NULL && (vp)->v_data != NULL);
435 #endif
436 	node = (struct tmpfs_node *)vp->v_data;
437 	return node;
438 }
439 
440 static __inline
441 struct tmpfs_node *
442 VP_TO_TMPFS_DIR(struct vnode *vp)
443 {
444 	struct tmpfs_node *node;
445 
446 	node = VP_TO_TMPFS_NODE(vp);
447 #ifdef KASSERT
448 	TMPFS_VALIDATE_DIR(node);
449 #endif
450 	return node;
451 }
452 
453 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------
454  * USER AND KERNEL DEFINITIONS
455  * --------------------------------------------------------------------- */
456 
457 /*
458  * This structure is used to communicate mount parameters between userland
459  * and kernel space.
460  */
461 #define TMPFS_ARGS_VERSION	1
462 struct tmpfs_args {
463 	int			ta_version;
464 
465 	/* Size counters. */
466 	ino_t			ta_nodes_max;
467 	off_t			ta_size_max;
468 
469 	/* Root node attributes. */
470 	uid_t			ta_root_uid;
471 	gid_t			ta_root_gid;
472 	mode_t			ta_root_mode;
473 };
474 #endif /* _FS_TMPFS_TMPFS_H_ */
475