xref: /netbsd-src/sys/dev/nand/nand.h (revision 7a6a7ae08ac6c612f0fbb0d4425825c6be2a9050)
1 /*	$NetBSD: nand.h,v 1.6 2011/04/10 12:48:09 ahoka Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2010 Department of Software Engineering,
5  *		      University of Szeged, Hungary
6  * Copyright (c) 2010 Adam Hoka <ahoka@NetBSD.org>
7  * All rights reserved.
8  *
9  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
10  * by the Department of Software Engineering, University of Szeged, Hungary
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
23  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
24  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
25  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
26  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
27  * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
28  * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
29  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef _NAND_H_
35 #define _NAND_H_
36 
37 #include <sys/param.h>
38 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
39 
40 #include <sys/bufq.h>
41 #include <sys/buf.h>
42 #include <sys/time.h>
43 
44 #include <dev/nand/onfi.h>
45 #include <dev/flash/flash.h>
46 
47 #ifdef NAND_DEBUG
48 #define DPRINTF(x)	if (nanddebug) printf x
49 #define DPRINTFN(n,x)	if (nanddebug>(n)) printf x
50 #else
51 #define DPRINTF(x)
52 #define DPRINTFN(n,x)
53 #endif
54 
55 //#define NAND_VERBOSE
56 
57 /* same as in linux for compatibility */
58 enum {
59 	NAND_BAD_MARKER_OFFSET		= 0,
60 	NAND_BAD_MARKER_OFFSET_SMALL	= 5
61 };
62 
63 /* feature flags use in nc_flags */
64 enum {
65 	NC_BUSWIDTH_16		= (1<<0),
66 	NC_SOURCE_SYNC		= (1<<2),
67 	NC_INTERLEAVED_PE	= (1<<1),
68 	NC_INTERLEAVED_R	= (1<<3),
69 	NC_EXTENDED_PARAM	= (1<<4)
70 };
71 
72 /* various quirks used in nc_quirks */
73 enum {
74 	NC_QUIRK_NO_READ_START = (1<<0)
75 };
76 
77 enum {
78 	NAND_ECC_READ,
79 	NAND_ECC_WRITE
80 };
81 
82 enum {
83 	NAND_ECC_OK,
84 	NAND_ECC_CORRECTED,
85 	NAND_ECC_INVALID,
86 	NAND_ECC_TWOBIT
87 };
88 
89 enum {
90 	NAND_ECC_TYPE_HW,
91 	NAND_ECC_TYPE_SW
92 };
93 
94 struct nand_bbt {
95 	uint8_t *nbbt_bitmap;
96 	size_t nbbt_size;
97 };
98 
99 struct nand_ecc {
100 	size_t necc_offset;		/* offset of ecc data in oob */
101 	size_t necc_size;		/* size of ecc data in oob */
102 	size_t necc_block_size;		/* block size used in ecc calc */
103 	size_t necc_code_size;		/* reduntant bytes per block */
104 	int necc_steps;			/* pagesize / code size */
105 	int necc_type;			/* type of the ecc engine */
106 };
107 
108 /**
109  * nand_chip: structure containing the required information
110  *	      about the NAND chip.
111  */
112 struct nand_chip {
113 	struct nand_ecc *nc_ecc; 	/* ecc information */
114 	uint8_t	*nc_oob_cache;		/* buffer for oob cache */
115 	uint8_t *nc_page_cache;		/* buffer for page cache */
116 	uint8_t *nc_ecc_cache;
117 	size_t nc_size;			/* storage size in bytes */
118 	size_t nc_page_size;		/* page size in bytes */
119 	size_t nc_block_pages;		/* block size in pages */
120 	size_t nc_block_size;		/* block size in bytes */
121 	size_t nc_spare_size;		/* spare (oob) size in bytes */
122 	uint32_t nc_lun_blocks;		/* LUN size in blocks */
123 	uint32_t nc_flags;		/* bitfield flags */
124 	uint32_t nc_quirks;		/* bitfield quirks */
125 	unsigned int nc_page_shift;	/* page shift for page alignment */
126 	unsigned int nc_page_mask;	/* page mask for page alignment */
127 	unsigned int nc_block_shift;	/* write shift */
128 	unsigned int nc_block_mask;	/* write mask */
129 	uint8_t nc_num_luns;		/* number of LUNs */
130 	uint8_t nc_manf_id;		/* manufacturer id */
131 	uint8_t nc_dev_id;		/* device id  */
132 	uint8_t nc_addr_cycles_row;	/* row cycles for addressing */
133 	uint8_t nc_addr_cycles_column;	/* column cycles for addressing */
134 	uint8_t nc_badmarker_offs;	/* offset for marking bad blocks */
135 	bool nc_isonfi;			/* if the device is onfi compliant */
136 };
137 
138 struct nand_write_cache {
139 	struct bintime nwc_creation;
140 	struct bintime nwc_last_write;
141 	struct bufq_state *nwc_bufq;
142 	uint8_t *nwc_data;
143 	daddr_t nwc_block;
144 	kmutex_t nwc_lock;
145 	bool nwc_write_pending;
146 };
147 
148 /* driver softc for nand */
149 struct nand_softc {
150 	device_t sc_dev;
151 	device_t controller_dev;
152 	struct nand_interface *nand_if;
153 	void *nand_softc;
154 	struct nand_chip sc_chip;
155 	struct nand_bbt sc_bbt;
156 	size_t sc_part_offset;
157 	size_t sc_part_size;
158 	kmutex_t sc_device_lock; /* serialize access to chip */
159 
160 	/* for the i/o thread */
161 	struct lwp *sc_sync_thread;
162 	struct nand_write_cache sc_cache;
163 	kmutex_t sc_io_lock;
164 	kmutex_t sc_waitq_lock;
165 	kcondvar_t sc_io_cv;
166 	bool sc_io_running;
167 };
168 
169 /* structure holding the nand api */
170 struct nand_interface
171 {
172 	/* basic nand controller commands */
173 	void (*select) (device_t, bool); /* optional */
174 	void (*command) (device_t, uint8_t);
175 	void (*address) (device_t, uint8_t);
176 	void (*read_buf_byte) (device_t, void *, size_t);
177 	void (*read_buf_word) (device_t, void *, size_t);
178 	void (*read_byte) (device_t, uint8_t *);
179 	void (*read_word) (device_t, uint16_t *);
180 	void (*write_buf_byte) (device_t, const void *, size_t);
181 	void (*write_buf_word) (device_t, const void *, size_t);
182 	void (*write_byte) (device_t, uint8_t);
183 	void (*write_word) (device_t, uint16_t);
184 	void (*busy) (device_t);
185 
186 	/* "smart" controllers may override read/program functions */
187 	int (*read_page) (device_t, size_t, uint8_t *); /* optional */
188 	int (*program_page) (device_t, size_t, const uint8_t *); /* optional */
189 
190 	/* functions specific to ecc computation */
191 	int (*ecc_prepare)(device_t, int); /* optional */
192 	int (*ecc_compute)(device_t, const uint8_t *, uint8_t *);
193 	int (*ecc_correct)(device_t, uint8_t *, const uint8_t *,
194 	    const uint8_t *);
195 
196 	/* information for the ecc engine */
197 	struct nand_ecc ecc;
198 
199 	/* flash partition information */
200 	const struct flash_partition *part_info;
201 	int part_num;
202 };
203 
204 /* attach args */
205 struct nand_attach_args {
206 	struct nand_interface *naa_nand_if;
207 };
208 
209 static inline void
210 nand_busy(device_t device)
211 {
212 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(device);
213 
214 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->select != NULL);
215 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
216 
217 	sc->nand_if->select(sc->controller_dev, true);
218 
219 	if (sc->nand_if->busy != NULL) {
220 		sc->nand_if->busy(sc->controller_dev);
221 	}
222 
223 	sc->nand_if->select(sc->controller_dev, false);
224 }
225 
226 static inline void
227 nand_select(device_t self, bool enable)
228 {
229 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
230 
231 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->select != NULL);
232 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
233 
234 	sc->nand_if->select(sc->controller_dev, enable);
235 }
236 
237 static inline void
238 nand_address(device_t self, uint32_t address)
239 {
240 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
241 
242 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->address != NULL);
243 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
244 
245 	sc->nand_if->address(sc->controller_dev, address);
246 }
247 
248 static inline void
249 nand_command(device_t self, uint8_t command)
250 {
251 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
252 
253 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->command != NULL);
254 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
255 
256 	sc->nand_if->command(sc->controller_dev, command);
257 }
258 
259 static inline void
260 nand_read_byte(device_t self, uint8_t *data)
261 {
262 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
263 
264 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->read_byte != NULL);
265 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
266 
267 	sc->nand_if->read_byte(sc->controller_dev, data);
268 }
269 
270 static inline void
271 nand_write_byte(device_t self, uint8_t data)
272 {
273 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
274 
275 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->write_byte != NULL);
276 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
277 
278 	sc->nand_if->write_byte(sc->controller_dev, data);
279 }
280 
281 static inline void
282 nand_read_word(device_t self, uint16_t *data)
283 {
284 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
285 
286 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->read_word != NULL);
287 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
288 
289 	sc->nand_if->read_word(sc->controller_dev, data);
290 }
291 
292 static inline void
293 nand_write_word(device_t self, uint16_t data)
294 {
295 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
296 
297 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->write_word != NULL);
298 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
299 
300 	sc->nand_if->write_word(sc->controller_dev, data);
301 }
302 
303 static inline void
304 nand_read_buf_byte(device_t self, void *buf, size_t size)
305 {
306 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
307 
308 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->read_buf_byte != NULL);
309 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
310 
311 	sc->nand_if->read_buf_byte(sc->controller_dev, buf, size);
312 }
313 
314 static inline void
315 nand_read_buf_word(device_t self, void *buf, size_t size)
316 {
317 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
318 
319 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->read_buf_word != NULL);
320 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
321 
322 	sc->nand_if->read_buf_word(sc->controller_dev, buf, size);
323 }
324 
325 static inline void
326 nand_write_buf_byte(device_t self, const void *buf, size_t size)
327 {
328 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
329 
330 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->write_buf_byte != NULL);
331 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
332 
333 	sc->nand_if->write_buf_byte(sc->controller_dev, buf, size);
334 }
335 
336 static inline void
337 nand_write_buf_word(device_t self, const void *buf, size_t size)
338 {
339 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
340 
341 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->write_buf_word != NULL);
342 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
343 
344 	sc->nand_if->write_buf_word(sc->controller_dev, buf, size);
345 }
346 
347 static inline int
348 nand_ecc_correct(device_t self, uint8_t *data, const uint8_t *oldcode,
349     const uint8_t *newcode)
350 {
351 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
352 
353 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->ecc_correct != NULL);
354 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
355 
356 	return sc->nand_if->ecc_correct(sc->controller_dev, data, oldcode, newcode);
357 }
358 
359 static inline void
360 nand_ecc_compute(device_t self, const uint8_t *data, uint8_t *code)
361 {
362 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
363 
364 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->ecc_compute != NULL);
365 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
366 
367 	sc->nand_if->ecc_compute(sc->controller_dev, data, code);
368 }
369 
370 static inline void
371 nand_ecc_prepare(device_t self, int mode)
372 {
373 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
374 
375 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
376 
377 	if (sc->nand_if->ecc_prepare != NULL)
378 		sc->nand_if->ecc_prepare(sc->controller_dev, mode);
379 }
380 
381 static inline int
382 nand_program_page(device_t self, size_t offset, const uint8_t *data)
383 {
384 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
385 
386 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->program_page != NULL);
387 
388 	return sc->nand_if->program_page(self, offset, data);
389 }
390 
391 static inline int
392 nand_read_page(device_t self, size_t offset, uint8_t *data)
393 {
394 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
395 
396 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->read_page != NULL);
397 
398 	return sc->nand_if->read_page(self, offset, data);
399 }
400 
401 #if 0
402 static inline bool
403 nand_block_isbad(device_t self, flash_off_t block)
404 {
405 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
406 
407 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->block_isbad != NULL);
408 	KASSERT(sc->controller_dev != NULL);
409 
410 	return sc->nand_if->block_isbad(sc->controller_dev, block);
411 }
412 #endif
413 
414 /* Manufacturer IDs defined by JEDEC */
415 enum {
416 	NAND_MFR_UNKNOWN	= 0x00,
417 	NAND_MFR_AMD		= 0x01,
418 	NAND_MFR_FUJITSU	= 0x04,
419 	NAND_MFR_RENESAS	= 0x07,
420 	NAND_MFR_STMICRO	= 0x20,
421 	NAND_MFR_MICRON		= 0x2c,
422 	NAND_MFR_NATIONAL	= 0x8f,
423 	NAND_MFR_TOSHIBA	= 0x98,
424 	NAND_MFR_HYNIX		= 0xad,
425 	NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG	= 0xec
426 };
427 
428 struct nand_manufacturer {
429 	int id;
430 	const char *name;
431 };
432 
433 extern const struct nand_manufacturer nand_mfrs[];
434 
435 /*
436  * Manufacturer specific parameter functions
437  */
438 int nand_read_parameters_micron(device_t, struct nand_chip *);
439 
440 /* debug inlines */
441 
442 static inline void
443 nand_dump_data(const char *name, void *data, size_t len)
444 {
445 	uint8_t *dump = data;
446 	int i;
447 
448 	printf("dumping %s\n--------------\n", name);
449 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
450 		printf("0x%.2hhx ", *dump);
451 		dump++;
452 	}
453 	printf("\n--------------\n");
454 }
455 
456 /* flash interface implementation */
457 int nand_flash_isbad(device_t, flash_off_t, bool *);
458 int nand_flash_markbad(device_t, flash_off_t);
459 int nand_flash_write(device_t, flash_off_t, size_t, size_t *, const u_char *);
460 int nand_flash_read(device_t, flash_off_t, size_t, size_t *, uint8_t *);
461 int nand_flash_erase(device_t, struct flash_erase_instruction *);
462 
463 /* nand specific functions */
464 int nand_erase_block(device_t, size_t);
465 
466 int nand_io_submit(device_t, struct buf *);
467 void nand_sync_thread(void *);
468 int nand_sync_thread_start(device_t);
469 void nand_sync_thread_stop(device_t);
470 
471 bool nand_isfactorybad(device_t, flash_off_t);
472 bool nand_iswornoutbad(device_t, flash_off_t);
473 bool nand_isbad(device_t, flash_off_t);
474 void nand_markbad(device_t, size_t);
475 
476 //int nand_read_page(device_t, size_t, uint8_t *);
477 int nand_read_oob(device_t, size_t, uint8_t *);
478 //int nand_program_page(device_t, size_t, const uint8_t *);
479 
480 device_t nand_attach_mi(struct nand_interface *, device_t);
481 void nand_init_interface(struct nand_interface *);
482 
483 /* controller drivers may use these functions to get info about the chip */
484 void nand_read_id(device_t, uint8_t *, uint8_t *);
485 int nand_read_parameter_page(device_t, struct onfi_parameter_page *);
486 
487 /*
488  * default functions for driver development
489  */
490 void nand_default_select(device_t, bool);
491 int nand_default_ecc_compute(device_t, const uint8_t *, uint8_t *);
492 int nand_default_ecc_correct(device_t, uint8_t *, const uint8_t *,
493     const uint8_t *);
494 int nand_default_read_page(device_t, size_t, uint8_t *);
495 int nand_default_program_page(device_t, size_t, const uint8_t *);
496 
497 static inline void nand_busy(device_t);
498 static inline void nand_select(device_t, bool);
499 static inline void nand_command(device_t, uint8_t);
500 static inline void nand_address(device_t, uint32_t);
501 static inline void nand_read_buf_byte(device_t, void *, size_t);
502 static inline void nand_read_buf_word(device_t, void *, size_t);
503 static inline void nand_read_byte(device_t, uint8_t *);
504 static inline void nand_write_buf_byte(device_t, const void *, size_t);
505 static inline void nand_write_buf_word(device_t, const void *, size_t);
506 //static inline bool nand_block_isbad(device_t, off_t);
507 //static inline void nand_block_markbad(device_t, off_t);
508 //static inline bool nand_isbusy(device_t);
509 
510 #endif	/* _NAND_H_ */
511