xref: /netbsd-src/sys/dev/nand/nand.h (revision 56bb44cae5b13a6b74792381ba1e6d930b26aa67)
1 /*	$NetBSD: nand.h,v 1.1 2011/02/26 18:07:31 ahoka Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*-
4  * Copyright (c) 2010 Department of Software Engineering,
5  *		      University of Szeged, Hungary
6  * Copyright (c) 2010 Adam Hoka <ahoka@NetBSD.org>
7  * All rights reserved.
8  *
9  * This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
10  * by the Department of Software Engineering, University of Szeged, Hungary
11  *
12  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
13  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
14  * are met:
15  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
16  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
17  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
18  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
19  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
20  *
21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
22  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
23  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
24  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
25  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
26  * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
27  * LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
28  * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
29  * OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
32  */
33 
34 #ifndef _NAND_H_
35 #define _NAND_H_
36 
37 #include <sys/param.h>
38 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
39 
40 #include <sys/bufq.h>
41 #include <sys/buf.h>
42 #include <sys/time.h>
43 
44 #include <dev/flash/flash.h>
45 
46 /* flash interface implementation */
47 int nand_flash_isbad(device_t, uint64_t);
48 int nand_flash_markbad(device_t, uint64_t);
49 int nand_flash_write(device_t, off_t, size_t, size_t *, const u_char *);
50 int nand_flash_read(device_t, off_t, size_t, size_t *, uint8_t *);
51 int nand_flash_erase(device_t, struct flash_erase_instruction *);
52 
53 /* nand specific functions */
54 int nand_erase_block(device_t, size_t);
55 
56 int nand_io_submit(device_t, struct buf *);
57 void nand_sync_thread(void *);
58 int nand_sync_thread_start(device_t);
59 void nand_sync_thread_stop(device_t);
60 
61 bool nand_isfactorybad(device_t, flash_addr_t);
62 bool nand_iswornoutbad(device_t, flash_addr_t);
63 bool nand_isbad(device_t, flash_addr_t);
64 void nand_markbad(device_t, size_t);
65 
66 int nand_read_page(device_t, size_t, uint8_t *);
67 int nand_read_oob(device_t self, size_t page, void *oob);
68 
69 /*
70  * default functions for driver development
71  */
72 void nand_default_select(device_t, bool);
73 int nand_default_ecc_compute(device_t, const uint8_t *, uint8_t *);
74 int nand_default_ecc_correct(device_t, uint8_t *, const uint8_t *,
75     const uint8_t *);
76 
77 static inline void nand_busy(device_t);
78 static inline void nand_select(device_t, bool);
79 static inline void nand_command(device_t, uint8_t);
80 static inline void nand_address(device_t, uint32_t);
81 static inline void nand_read_buf_byte(device_t, void *, size_t);
82 static inline void nand_read_buf_word(device_t, void *, size_t);
83 static inline void nand_read_byte(device_t, uint8_t *);
84 static inline void nand_write_buf_byte(device_t, const void *, size_t);
85 static inline void nand_write_buf_word(device_t, const void *, size_t);
86 //static inline bool nand_block_isbad(device_t, off_t);
87 //static inline void nand_block_markbad(device_t, off_t);
88 //static inline bool nand_isbusy(device_t);
89 
90 //#define NAND_DEBUG 1
91 #ifdef NAND_DEBUG
92 #define DPRINTF(x)	if (nanddebug) printf x
93 #define DPRINTFN(n,x)	if (nanddebug>(n)) printf x
94 #else
95 #define DPRINTF(x)
96 #define DPRINTFN(n,x)
97 #endif
98 
99 #define NAND_VERBOSE
100 
101 /* same as in linux for compatibility */
102 enum {
103 	NAND_BAD_MARKER_OFFSET		= 0,
104 	NAND_BAD_MARKER_OFFSET_SMALL	= 5
105 };
106 
107 /* feature flags use in nc_flags */
108 enum {
109 	NC_BUSWIDTH_16		= (1<<0),
110 	NC_SOURCE_SYNC		= (1<<2),
111 	NC_INTERLEAVED_PE	= (1<<1),
112 	NC_INTERLEAVED_R	= (1<<3),
113 	NC_EXTENDED_PARAM	= (1<<4)
114 };
115 
116 /* various quirks used in nc_quirks */
117 enum {
118 	NC_QUIRK_NO_READ_START = (1<<0)
119 };
120 
121 enum {
122 	NAND_ECC_READ,
123 	NAND_ECC_WRITE
124 };
125 
126 enum {
127 	NAND_ECC_OK,
128 	NAND_ECC_CORRECTED,
129 	NAND_ECC_INVALID,
130 	NAND_ECC_TWOBIT
131 };
132 
133 enum {
134 	NAND_ECC_TYPE_HW,
135 	NAND_ECC_TYPE_SW
136 };
137 
138 struct nand_bbt {
139 	uint8_t *nbbt_bitmap;
140 	size_t nbbt_size;
141 };
142 
143 struct nand_ecc {
144 	size_t necc_offset;		/* offset of ecc data in oob */
145 	size_t necc_size;		/* size of ecc data in oob */
146 	size_t necc_block_size;		/* block size used in ecc calc */
147 	size_t necc_code_size;		/* reduntant bytes per block */
148 	int necc_steps;			/* pagesize / code size */
149 	int necc_type;			/* type of the ecc engine */
150 };
151 
152 /**
153  * nand_chip: structure containing the required information
154  *	      about the NAND chip.
155  */
156 struct nand_chip {
157 	uint8_t	*nc_oob_cache;		/* buffer for oob cache */
158 	uint8_t *nc_page_cache;		/* buffer for page cache */
159 	uint8_t *nc_ecc_cache;
160 	size_t nc_size;			/* storage size in bytes */
161 	size_t nc_page_size;		/* page size in bytes */
162 	size_t nc_block_pages;		/* block size in pages */
163 	size_t nc_block_size;		/* block size in bytes */
164 	size_t nc_spare_size;		/* spare (oob) size in bytes */
165 	uint32_t nc_flags;		/* bitfield flags */
166 	uint32_t nc_quirks;		/* bitfield quirks */
167 	unsigned int nc_page_shift;	/* page shift for page alignment */
168 	unsigned int nc_page_mask;	/* page mask for page alignment */
169 	unsigned int nc_block_shift;	/* write shift */
170 	unsigned int nc_block_mask;	/* write mask */
171 	uint8_t nc_manf_id;		/* manufacturer id */
172 	uint8_t nc_dev_id;		/* device id  */
173 	uint8_t nc_addr_cycles_row;	/* row cycles for addressing */
174 	uint8_t nc_addr_cycles_column;	/* column cycles for addressing */
175 	uint8_t nc_badmarker_offs;	/* offset for marking bad blocks */
176 
177 	struct nand_ecc *nc_ecc;
178 };
179 
180 struct nand_write_cache {
181 	struct bintime nwc_creation;
182 	struct bintime nwc_last_write;
183 	struct bufq_state *nwc_bufq;
184 	uint8_t *nwc_data;
185 	daddr_t nwc_block;
186 	kmutex_t nwc_lock;
187 	bool nwc_write_pending;
188 };
189 
190 /* driver softc for nand */
191 struct nand_softc {
192 	device_t sc_dev;
193 	device_t nand_dev;
194 	struct nand_interface *nand_if;
195 	void *nand_softc;
196 	struct nand_chip sc_chip;
197 	struct nand_bbt sc_bbt;
198 	size_t sc_part_offset;
199 	size_t sc_part_size;
200 	kmutex_t sc_device_lock; /* serialize access to chip */
201 
202 	/* for the i/o thread */
203 	struct lwp *sc_sync_thread;
204 	struct nand_write_cache sc_cache;
205 	kmutex_t sc_io_lock;
206 	kmutex_t sc_waitq_lock;
207 	kcondvar_t sc_io_cv;
208 	bool sc_io_running;
209 };
210 
211 /* structure holding the nand api */
212 struct nand_interface
213 {
214 	void (*select) (device_t, bool);
215 	void (*command) (device_t, uint8_t);
216 	void (*address) (device_t, uint8_t);
217 	void (*read_buf_byte) (device_t, void *, size_t);
218 	void (*read_buf_word) (device_t, void *, size_t);
219 	void (*read_byte) (device_t, uint8_t *);
220 	void (*read_word) (device_t, uint16_t *);
221 	void (*write_buf_byte) (device_t, const void *, size_t);
222 	void (*write_buf_word) (device_t, const void *, size_t);
223 	void (*write_byte) (device_t, uint8_t);
224 	void (*write_word) (device_t, uint16_t);
225 	void (*busy) (device_t);
226 
227 	/* functions specific to ecc computation */
228 	int (*ecc_prepare)(device_t, int);
229 	int (*ecc_compute)(device_t, const uint8_t *, uint8_t *);
230 	int (*ecc_correct)(device_t, uint8_t *, const uint8_t *,
231 	    const uint8_t *);
232 
233 	struct nand_ecc ecc;
234 
235 	/* flash partition information */
236 	const struct flash_partition *part_info;
237 	int part_num;
238 };
239 
240 /* attach args */
241 struct nand_attach_args {
242 	struct nand_interface *naa_nand_if;
243 };
244 
245 device_t nand_attach_mi(struct nand_interface *nand_if, device_t dev);
246 
247 static inline void
248 nand_busy(device_t device)
249 {
250 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(device);
251 
252 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->select != NULL);
253 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
254 
255 	sc->nand_if->select(sc->nand_dev, true);
256 
257 	if (sc->nand_if->busy != NULL) {
258 		sc->nand_if->busy(sc->nand_dev);
259 	}
260 
261 	sc->nand_if->select(sc->nand_dev, false);
262 }
263 
264 static inline void
265 nand_select(device_t self, bool enable)
266 {
267 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
268 
269 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->select != NULL);
270 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
271 
272 	sc->nand_if->select(sc->nand_dev, enable);
273 }
274 
275 static inline void
276 nand_address(device_t self, uint32_t address)
277 {
278 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
279 
280 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->address != NULL);
281 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
282 
283 	sc->nand_if->address(sc->nand_dev, address);
284 }
285 
286 static inline void
287 nand_command(device_t self, uint8_t command)
288 {
289 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
290 
291 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->command != NULL);
292 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
293 
294 	sc->nand_if->command(sc->nand_dev, command);
295 }
296 
297 static inline void
298 nand_read_byte(device_t self, uint8_t *data)
299 {
300 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
301 
302 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->read_byte != NULL);
303 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
304 
305 	sc->nand_if->read_byte(sc->nand_dev, data);
306 }
307 
308 static inline void
309 nand_write_byte(device_t self, uint8_t data)
310 {
311 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
312 
313 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->write_byte != NULL);
314 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
315 
316 	sc->nand_if->write_byte(sc->nand_dev, data);
317 }
318 
319 static inline void
320 nand_read_word(device_t self, uint16_t *data)
321 {
322 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
323 
324 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->read_word != NULL);
325 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
326 
327 	sc->nand_if->read_word(sc->nand_dev, data);
328 }
329 
330 static inline void
331 nand_write_word(device_t self, uint16_t data)
332 {
333 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
334 
335 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->write_word != NULL);
336 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
337 
338 	sc->nand_if->write_word(sc->nand_dev, data);
339 }
340 
341 static inline void
342 nand_read_buf_byte(device_t self, void *buf, size_t size)
343 {
344 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
345 
346 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->read_buf_byte != NULL);
347 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
348 
349 	sc->nand_if->read_buf_byte(sc->nand_dev, buf, size);
350 }
351 
352 static inline void
353 nand_read_buf_word(device_t self, void *buf, size_t size)
354 {
355 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
356 
357 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->read_buf_word != NULL);
358 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
359 
360 	sc->nand_if->read_buf_word(sc->nand_dev, buf, size);
361 }
362 
363 static inline void
364 nand_write_buf_byte(device_t self, const void *buf, size_t size)
365 {
366 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
367 
368 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->write_buf_byte != NULL);
369 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
370 
371 	sc->nand_if->write_buf_byte(sc->nand_dev, buf, size);
372 }
373 
374 static inline void
375 nand_write_buf_word(device_t self, const void *buf, size_t size)
376 {
377 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
378 
379 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->write_buf_word != NULL);
380 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
381 
382 	sc->nand_if->write_buf_word(sc->nand_dev, buf, size);
383 }
384 
385 static inline int
386 nand_ecc_correct(device_t self, uint8_t *data, const uint8_t *oldcode,
387     const uint8_t *newcode)
388 {
389 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
390 
391 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->ecc_correct != NULL);
392 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
393 
394 	return sc->nand_if->ecc_correct(sc->nand_dev, data, oldcode, newcode);
395 }
396 
397 static inline void
398 nand_ecc_compute(device_t self, const uint8_t *data, uint8_t *code)
399 {
400 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
401 
402 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->ecc_compute != NULL);
403 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
404 
405 	sc->nand_if->ecc_compute(sc->nand_dev, data, code);
406 }
407 
408 static inline void
409 nand_ecc_prepare(device_t self, int mode)
410 {
411 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
412 
413 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
414 
415 	if (sc->nand_if->ecc_prepare != NULL)
416 		sc->nand_if->ecc_prepare(sc->nand_dev, mode);
417 }
418 
419 #if 0
420 static inline bool
421 nand_block_isbad(device_t self, off_t block)
422 {
423 	struct nand_softc *sc = device_private(self);
424 
425 	KASSERT(sc->nand_if->block_isbad != NULL);
426 	KASSERT(sc->nand_dev != NULL);
427 
428 	return sc->nand_if->block_isbad(sc->nand_dev, block);
429 }
430 #endif
431 
432 /* Manufacturer IDs defined by JEDEC */
433 enum {
434 	NAND_MFR_UNKNOWN	= 0x00,
435 	NAND_MFR_AMD		= 0x01,
436 	NAND_MFR_FUJITSU	= 0x04,
437 	NAND_MFR_RENESAS	= 0x07,
438 	NAND_MFR_STMICRO	= 0x20,
439 	NAND_MFR_MICRON		= 0x2c,
440 	NAND_MFR_NATIONAL	= 0x8f,
441 	NAND_MFR_TOSHIBA	= 0x98,
442 	NAND_MFR_HYNIX		= 0xad,
443 	NAND_MFR_SAMSUNG	= 0xec
444 };
445 
446 struct nand_manufacturer {
447 	int id;
448 	const char *name;
449 };
450 
451 extern const struct nand_manufacturer nand_mfrs[];
452 
453 static inline void
454 nand_dump_data(const char *name, void *data, size_t len)
455 {
456 	printf("dumping %s\n--------------\n", name);
457 	uint8_t *dump = data;
458 	for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
459 		printf("0x%.2hhx ", *dump);
460 		dump++;
461 	}
462 	printf("\n--------------\n");
463 }
464 
465 #endif	/* _NAND_H_ */
466