xref: /netbsd-src/sys/dev/i2c/i2c_bitbang.c (revision ce099b40997c43048fb78bd578195f81d2456523)
1 /*	$NetBSD: i2c_bitbang.c,v 1.9 2007/12/11 12:09:21 lukem Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 2003 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Written by Jason R. Thorpe for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
18  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
19  *      This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
20  *      Wasabi Systems, Inc.
21  * 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
22  *    or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
23  *    written permission.
24  *
25  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
26  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
27  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
28  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
29  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
30  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
31  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
32  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
33  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
34  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
35  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
36  */
37 
38 /*
39  * Common module for bit-bang'ing an I2C bus.
40  */
41 
42 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
43 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: i2c_bitbang.c,v 1.9 2007/12/11 12:09:21 lukem Exp $");
44 
45 #include <sys/param.h>
46 
47 #include <dev/i2c/i2cvar.h>
48 #include <dev/i2c/i2c_bitbang.h>
49 
50 #define	SETBITS(x)	ops->ibo_set_bits(v, (x))
51 #define	DIR(x)		ops->ibo_set_dir(v, (x))
52 #define	READ		ops->ibo_read_bits(v)
53 
54 #define	SDA		ops->ibo_bits[I2C_BIT_SDA]	/* i2c signal */
55 #define	SCL		ops->ibo_bits[I2C_BIT_SCL]	/* i2c signal */
56 #define	OUTPUT		ops->ibo_bits[I2C_BIT_OUTPUT]	/* SDA is output */
57 #define	INPUT		ops->ibo_bits[I2C_BIT_INPUT]	/* SDA is input */
58 
59 #ifndef SCL_BAIL_COUNT
60 #define SCL_BAIL_COUNT 1000
61 #endif
62 
63 static inline int i2c_wait_for_scl(void *, i2c_bitbang_ops_t);
64 
65 static inline int
66 i2c_wait_for_scl(void *v, i2c_bitbang_ops_t ops)
67 {
68 	int bail = 0;
69 
70 	DIR(INPUT);
71 
72 	while (((READ & SCL) == 0) && (bail < SCL_BAIL_COUNT)) {
73 
74 		delay(1);
75 		bail++;
76 	}
77 	if (bail == SCL_BAIL_COUNT) {
78 
79 		i2c_bitbang_send_stop(v, 0, ops);
80 		return EIO;
81 	}
82 	return 0;
83 }
84 
85 /*ARGSUSED*/
86 int
87 i2c_bitbang_send_start(void *v, int flags, i2c_bitbang_ops_t ops)
88 {
89 
90 	DIR(OUTPUT);
91 	SETBITS(SDA | SCL);
92 	delay(5);		/* bus free time (4.7 uS) */
93 	SETBITS(      SCL);
94 
95 	if (i2c_wait_for_scl(v, ops) != 0)
96 		return EIO;
97 	delay(4);		/* start hold time (4.0 uS) */
98 
99 	DIR(OUTPUT);
100 	SETBITS(        0);
101 	delay(5);		/* clock low time (4.7 uS) */
102 
103 	return (0);
104 }
105 
106 /*ARGSUSED*/
107 int
108 i2c_bitbang_send_stop(void *v, int flags, i2c_bitbang_ops_t ops)
109 {
110 
111 	DIR(OUTPUT);
112 	SETBITS(      SCL);
113 	delay(4);		/* stop setup time (4.0 uS) */
114 	SETBITS(SDA | SCL);
115 
116 	return (0);
117 }
118 
119 int
120 i2c_bitbang_initiate_xfer(void *v, i2c_addr_t addr, int flags,
121     i2c_bitbang_ops_t ops)
122 {
123 
124 	if (addr < 0x80) {
125 		uint8_t i2caddr;
126 
127 		/* disallow the 10-bit address prefix */
128 		if ((addr & 0x78) == 0x78)
129 			return EINVAL;
130 		i2caddr = (addr << 1) | ((flags & I2C_F_READ) ? 1 : 0);
131 		(void) i2c_bitbang_send_start(v, flags, ops);
132 
133 		return (i2c_bitbang_write_byte(v, i2caddr,
134 			    flags & ~I2C_F_STOP, ops));
135 
136 	} else if (addr < 0x400) {
137 		uint16_t	i2caddr;
138 		int		rv;
139 
140 		i2caddr = (addr << 1) | ((flags & I2C_F_READ) ? 1 : 0) |
141 		    0xf000;
142 
143 		(void) i2c_bitbang_send_start(v, flags, ops);
144 		rv = i2c_bitbang_write_byte(v, i2caddr >> 8,
145 		    flags & ~I2C_F_STOP, ops);
146 		/* did a slave ack the 10-bit prefix? */
147 		if (rv != 0)
148 			return rv;
149 
150 		/* send the lower 7-bits (+ read/write mode) */
151 		return (i2c_bitbang_write_byte(v, i2caddr & 0xff,
152 			    flags & ~I2C_F_STOP, ops));
153 
154 	} else
155 		return EINVAL;
156 }
157 
158 int
159 i2c_bitbang_read_byte(void *v, uint8_t *valp, int flags,
160     i2c_bitbang_ops_t ops)
161 {
162 	int i;
163 	uint8_t val = 0;
164 	uint32_t bit;
165 
166 	DIR(OUTPUT);
167 	SETBITS(SDA      );
168 
169 	for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
170 		val <<= 1;
171 
172 		DIR(OUTPUT);
173 		SETBITS(SDA | SCL);
174 
175 		if (i2c_wait_for_scl(v, ops) != 0)
176 			return EIO;
177 		delay(4);	/* clock high time (4.0 uS) */
178 
179 		DIR(INPUT);
180 		if (READ & SDA)
181 			val |= 1;
182 
183 		DIR(OUTPUT);
184 		SETBITS(SDA      );
185 		delay(5);	/* clock low time (4.7 uS) */
186 	}
187 
188 	bit = (flags & I2C_F_LAST) ? SDA : 0;
189 
190 	DIR(OUTPUT);
191 	SETBITS(bit      );
192 	delay(1);	/* data setup time (250 nS) */
193 	SETBITS(bit | SCL);
194 
195 	if (i2c_wait_for_scl(v, ops) != 0)
196 		return EIO;
197 	delay(4);	/* clock high time (4.0 uS) */
198 
199 	DIR(OUTPUT);
200 	SETBITS(bit      );
201 	delay(5);	/* clock low time (4.7 uS) */
202 
203 	DIR(INPUT);
204 	SETBITS(SDA      );
205 	delay(5);
206 
207 	if ((flags & (I2C_F_STOP | I2C_F_LAST)) == (I2C_F_STOP | I2C_F_LAST))
208 		(void) i2c_bitbang_send_stop(v, flags, ops);
209 
210 	*valp = val;
211 	return (0);
212 }
213 
214 int
215 i2c_bitbang_write_byte(void *v, uint8_t val, int flags,
216     i2c_bitbang_ops_t ops)
217 {
218 	uint32_t bit;
219 	uint8_t mask;
220 	int error;
221 
222 	for (mask = 0x80; mask != 0; mask >>= 1) {
223 		bit = (val & mask) ? SDA : 0;
224 
225 		DIR(OUTPUT);
226 		SETBITS(bit      );
227 		delay(1);	/* data setup time (250 nS) */
228 		SETBITS(bit | SCL);
229 
230 		if (i2c_wait_for_scl(v, ops))
231 			return EIO;
232 		delay(4);	/* clock high time (4.0 uS) */
233 
234 		DIR(OUTPUT);
235 		SETBITS(bit      );
236 		delay(5);	/* clock low time (4.7 uS) */
237 	}
238 
239 	DIR(OUTPUT);
240 	SETBITS(SDA      );
241 	delay(5);
242 	SETBITS(SDA | SCL);
243 
244 	if (i2c_wait_for_scl(v, ops) != 0)
245 		return EIO;
246 	delay(4);
247 
248 	DIR(INPUT);
249 	error = (READ & SDA) ? EIO : 0;
250 
251 	DIR(OUTPUT);
252 	SETBITS(SDA      );
253 	delay(5);
254 
255 	if (flags & I2C_F_STOP)
256 		(void) i2c_bitbang_send_stop(v, flags, ops);
257 
258 	return (error);
259 }
260