1 /* $NetBSD: pmap_bootstrap.c,v 1.89 2010/06/06 04:50:07 mrg Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer 9 * Science Department. 10 * 11 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 12 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 13 * are met: 14 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 15 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 16 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 17 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 18 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 19 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 20 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 21 * without specific prior written permission. 22 * 23 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 24 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 25 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 26 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 27 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 28 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 29 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 30 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 31 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 32 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 33 * SUCH DAMAGE. 34 * 35 * @(#)pmap_bootstrap.c 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/10/93 36 */ 37 38 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 39 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: pmap_bootstrap.c,v 1.89 2010/06/06 04:50:07 mrg Exp $"); 40 41 #include "opt_ddb.h" 42 #include "opt_kgdb.h" 43 #include "opt_m68k_arch.h" 44 45 #include "zsc.h" 46 47 #include <sys/param.h> 48 #include <sys/systm.h> 49 #include <sys/reboot.h> 50 51 #include <uvm/uvm_extern.h> 52 53 #include <machine/pte.h> 54 #include <machine/vmparam.h> 55 #include <machine/cpu.h> 56 #include <machine/pmap.h> 57 #include <machine/autoconf.h> 58 #include <machine/video.h> 59 60 #include <mac68k/mac68k/macrom.h> 61 62 #define PA2VA(v, t) (t)((u_int)(v) - firstpa) 63 64 extern char *etext; 65 extern char *extiobase; 66 67 extern paddr_t avail_start; 68 extern paddr_t avail_end; 69 70 #if NZSC > 0 71 extern int zsinited; 72 #endif 73 74 /* 75 * These are used to map the RAM: 76 */ 77 int numranges; /* = 0 == don't use the ranges */ 78 u_long low[8]; 79 u_long high[8]; 80 u_long maxaddr; /* PA of the last physical page */ 81 int vidlen; 82 #define VIDMAPSIZE btoc(vidlen) 83 static vaddr_t newvideoaddr; 84 85 extern void * ROMBase; 86 87 /* 88 * Special purpose kernel virtual addresses, used for mapping 89 * physical pages for a variety of temporary or permanent purposes: 90 * 91 * CADDR1, CADDR2: pmap zero/copy operations 92 * vmmap: /dev/mem, crash dumps, parity error checking 93 * msgbufaddr: kernel message buffer 94 */ 95 void *CADDR1, *CADDR2; 96 char *vmmap; 97 void *msgbufaddr; 98 99 void pmap_bootstrap(paddr_t, paddr_t); 100 void bootstrap_mac68k(int); 101 102 /* 103 * Bootstrap the VM system. 104 * 105 * This is called with the MMU either on or off. If it's on, we assume 106 * that it's mapped with the same PA <=> LA mapping that we eventually 107 * want. The page sizes and the protections will be wrong, anyway. 108 * 109 * nextpa is the first address following the loaded kernel. On a IIsi 110 * on 12 May 1996, that was 0xf9000 beyond firstpa. 111 */ 112 void 113 pmap_bootstrap(paddr_t nextpa, paddr_t firstpa) 114 { 115 paddr_t kstpa, kptpa, kptmpa, lwp0upa; 116 u_int nptpages, kstsize; 117 paddr_t avail_next; 118 int avail_remaining; 119 int avail_range; 120 int i; 121 st_entry_t protoste, *ste, *este; 122 pt_entry_t protopte, *pte, *epte; 123 u_int stfree = 0; /* XXX: gcc -Wuninitialized */ 124 extern char start[]; 125 126 vidlen = m68k_round_page(mac68k_video.mv_height * 127 mac68k_video.mv_stride + m68k_page_offset(mac68k_video.mv_phys)); 128 129 /* 130 * Calculate important physical addresses: 131 * 132 * lwp0upa lwp 0 u-area UPAGES pages 133 * 134 * kstpa kernel segment table 1 page (!040) 135 * N pages (040) 136 * 137 * kptmpa kernel PT map 1 page 138 * 139 * kptpa statically allocated 140 * kernel PT pages Sysptsize+ pages 141 * 142 * [ Sysptsize is the number of pages of PT, IIOMAPSIZE and 143 * NBMAPSIZE are the number of PTEs, hence we need to round 144 * the total to a page boundary with IO maps at the end. ] 145 * 146 */ 147 lwp0upa = nextpa; 148 nextpa += USPACE; 149 if (mmutype == MMU_68040) 150 kstsize = MAXKL2SIZE / (NPTEPG/SG4_LEV2SIZE); 151 else 152 kstsize = 1; 153 kstpa = nextpa; 154 nextpa += kstsize * PAGE_SIZE; 155 kptmpa = nextpa; 156 nextpa += PAGE_SIZE; 157 kptpa = nextpa; 158 nptpages = Sysptsize + 159 (IIOMAPSIZE + ROMMAPSIZE + VIDMAPSIZE + NPTEPG - 1) / NPTEPG; 160 nextpa += nptpages * PAGE_SIZE; 161 162 for (i = 0; i < numranges; i++) 163 if (low[i] <= firstpa && firstpa < high[i]) 164 break; 165 if (i >= numranges || nextpa > high[i]) { 166 if (mac68k_machine.do_graybars) { 167 printf("Failure in NetBSD boot; "); 168 if (i < numranges) 169 printf("nextpa=0x%lx, high[%d]=0x%lx.\n", 170 nextpa, i, high[i]); 171 else 172 printf("can't find kernel RAM segment.\n"); 173 printf("You're hosed! Try booting with 32-bit "); 174 printf("addressing enabled in the memory control "); 175 printf("panel.\n"); 176 printf("Older machines may need Mode32 to get that "); 177 printf("option.\n"); 178 } 179 panic("Cannot work with the current memory mappings."); 180 } 181 182 /* 183 * Initialize segment table and kernel page table map. 184 * 185 * On 68030s and earlier MMUs the two are identical except for 186 * the valid bits so both are initialized with essentially the 187 * same values. On the 68040, which has a mandatory 3-level 188 * structure, the segment table holds the level 1 table and part 189 * (or all) of the level 2 table and hence is considerably 190 * different. Here the first level consists of 128 descriptors 191 * (512 bytes) each mapping 32mb of address space. Each of these 192 * points to blocks of 128 second level descriptors (512 bytes) 193 * each mapping 256kb. Note that there may be additional "segment 194 * table" pages depending on how large MAXKL2SIZE is. 195 * 196 * XXX cramming two levels of mapping into the single "segment" 197 * table on the 68040 is intended as a temporary hack to get things 198 * working. The 224mb of address space that this allows will most 199 * likely be insufficient in the future (at least for the kernel). 200 */ 201 if (mmutype == MMU_68040) { 202 int nl1desc, nl2desc; 203 204 /* 205 * First invalidate the entire "segment table" pages 206 * (levels 1 and 2 have the same "invalid" value). 207 */ 208 ste = PA2VA(kstpa, st_entry_t *); 209 este = &ste[kstsize * NPTEPG]; 210 while (ste < este) 211 *ste++ = SG_NV; 212 /* 213 * Initialize level 2 descriptors (which immediately 214 * follow the level 1 table). We need: 215 * NPTEPG / SG4_LEV3SIZE 216 * level 2 descriptors to map each of the nptpages 217 * pages of PTEs. Note that we set the "used" bit 218 * now to save the HW the expense of doing it. 219 */ 220 nl2desc = nptpages * (NPTEPG / SG4_LEV3SIZE); 221 ste = PA2VA(kstpa, st_entry_t *); 222 ste = &ste[SG4_LEV1SIZE]; 223 este = &ste[nl2desc]; 224 protoste = kptpa | SG_U | SG_RW | SG_V; 225 while (ste < este) { 226 *ste++ = protoste; 227 protoste += (SG4_LEV3SIZE * sizeof(st_entry_t)); 228 } 229 /* 230 * Initialize level 1 descriptors. We need: 231 * howmany(nl2desc, SG4_LEV2SIZE) 232 * level 1 descriptors to map the `nl2desc' level 2's. 233 */ 234 nl1desc = howmany(nl2desc, SG4_LEV2SIZE); 235 ste = PA2VA(kstpa, u_int *); 236 este = &ste[nl1desc]; 237 protoste = (paddr_t)&ste[SG4_LEV1SIZE] | SG_U | SG_RW | SG_V; 238 while (ste < este) { 239 *ste++ = protoste; 240 protoste += (SG4_LEV2SIZE * sizeof(st_entry_t)); 241 } 242 /* 243 * Initialize the final level 1 descriptor to map the next 244 * block of level 2 descriptors for Sysptmap. 245 */ 246 ste = PA2VA(kstpa, st_entry_t *); 247 ste = &ste[SG4_LEV1SIZE - 1]; 248 *ste = protoste; 249 /* 250 * Now initialize the final portion of that block of 251 * descriptors to map Sysmap. 252 */ 253 i = SG4_LEV1SIZE + (nl1desc * SG4_LEV2SIZE); 254 ste = PA2VA(kstpa, st_entry_t *); 255 ste = &ste[i + SG4_LEV2SIZE - (NPTEPG / SG4_LEV3SIZE)]; 256 este = &ste[NPTEPG / SG4_LEV3SIZE]; 257 protoste = kptmpa | SG_U | SG_RW | SG_V; 258 while (ste < este) { 259 *ste++ = protoste; 260 protoste += (SG4_LEV3SIZE * sizeof(st_entry_t)); 261 } 262 /* 263 * Calculate the free level 2 descriptor mask 264 * noting that we have used: 265 * 0: level 1 table 266 * 1 to nl1desc: map page tables 267 * nl1desc + 1: maps kptmpa and last-page page table 268 */ 269 /* mark an entry for level 1 table */ 270 stfree = ~l2tobm(0); 271 /* mark entries for map page tables */ 272 for (i = 1; i <= nl1desc; i++) 273 stfree &= ~l2tobm(i); 274 /* mark an entry for kptmpa and lkptpa */ 275 stfree &= ~l2tobm(i); 276 /* mark entries not available */ 277 for (i = MAXKL2SIZE; i < sizeof(stfree) * NBBY; i++) 278 stfree &= ~l2tobm(i); 279 280 /* 281 * Initialize Sysptmap 282 */ 283 pte = PA2VA(kptmpa, pt_entry_t *); 284 epte = &pte[nptpages]; 285 protopte = kptpa | PG_RW | PG_CI | PG_V; 286 while (pte < epte) { 287 *pte++ = protopte; 288 protopte += PAGE_SIZE; 289 } 290 /* 291 * Invalidate all remaining entries. 292 */ 293 epte = PA2VA(kptmpa, pt_entry_t *); 294 epte = &epte[TIB_SIZE]; 295 while (pte < epte) { 296 *pte++ = PG_NV; 297 } 298 /* 299 * Initialize the last one to point to Sysptmap. 300 */ 301 pte = PA2VA(kptmpa, pt_entry_t *); 302 pte = &pte[SYSMAP_VA >> SEGSHIFT]; 303 *pte = kptmpa | PG_RW | PG_CI | PG_V; 304 } else { 305 /* 306 * Map the page table pages in both the HW segment table 307 * and the software Sysptmap. 308 */ 309 ste = PA2VA(kstpa, st_entry_t *); 310 pte = PA2VA(kptmpa, pt_entry_t *); 311 epte = &pte[nptpages]; 312 protoste = kptpa | SG_RW | SG_V; 313 protopte = kptpa | PG_RW | PG_CI | PG_V; 314 while (pte < epte) { 315 *ste++ = protoste; 316 *pte++ = protopte; 317 protoste += PAGE_SIZE; 318 protopte += PAGE_SIZE; 319 } 320 /* 321 * Invalidate all remaining entries in both. 322 */ 323 este = PA2VA(kstpa, st_entry_t *); 324 este = &este[TIA_SIZE]; 325 while (ste < este) 326 *ste++ = SG_NV; 327 epte = PA2VA(kptmpa, pt_entry_t *); 328 epte = &epte[TIB_SIZE]; 329 while (pte < epte) 330 *pte++ = PG_NV; 331 /* 332 * Initialize the last one to point to Sysptmap. 333 */ 334 ste = PA2VA(kstpa, st_entry_t *); 335 ste = &ste[SYSMAP_VA >> SEGSHIFT]; 336 *ste = kptmpa | SG_RW | SG_V; 337 pte = PA2VA(kptmpa, pt_entry_t *); 338 pte = &pte[SYSMAP_VA >> SEGSHIFT]; 339 *pte = kptmpa | PG_RW | PG_CI | PG_V; 340 } 341 342 /* 343 * Initialize kernel page table. 344 * Start by invalidating the `nptpages' that we have allocated. 345 */ 346 pte = PA2VA(kptpa, pt_entry_t *); 347 epte = &pte[nptpages * NPTEPG]; 348 while (pte < epte) 349 *pte++ = PG_NV; 350 351 /* 352 * Validate PTEs for kernel text (RO). 353 * Pages up to "start" must be writable for the ROM. 354 */ 355 pte = PA2VA(kptpa, pt_entry_t *); 356 pte = &pte[m68k_btop(KERNBASE)]; 357 /* XXX why KERNBASE relative? */ 358 epte = &pte[m68k_btop(m68k_round_page(start))]; 359 protopte = firstpa | PG_RW | PG_V; 360 while (pte < epte) { 361 *pte++ = protopte; 362 protopte += PAGE_SIZE; 363 } 364 /* XXX why KERNBASE relative? */ 365 epte = &pte[m68k_btop(m68k_trunc_page(&etext))]; 366 protopte = (protopte & ~PG_PROT) | PG_RO; 367 while (pte < epte) { 368 *pte++ = protopte; 369 protopte += PAGE_SIZE; 370 } 371 /* 372 * Validate PTEs for kernel data/bss, dynamic data allocated 373 * by us so far (nextpa - firstpa bytes), and pages for lwp0 374 * u-area and page table allocated below (RW). 375 */ 376 epte = PA2VA(kptpa, pt_entry_t *); 377 epte = &epte[m68k_btop(nextpa - firstpa)]; 378 protopte = (protopte & ~PG_PROT) | PG_RW; 379 /* 380 * Enable copy-back caching of data pages 381 */ 382 if (mmutype == MMU_68040) 383 protopte |= PG_CCB; 384 while (pte < epte) { 385 *pte++ = protopte; 386 protopte += PAGE_SIZE; 387 } 388 389 #define PTE2VA(pte) m68k_ptob(pte - PA2VA(kptpa, pt_entry_t *)) 390 391 protopte = IOBase | PG_RW | PG_CI | PG_V; 392 IOBase = PTE2VA(pte); 393 epte = &pte[IIOMAPSIZE]; 394 while (pte < epte) { 395 *pte++ = protopte; 396 protopte += PAGE_SIZE; 397 } 398 399 protopte = (pt_entry_t)ROMBase | PG_RO | PG_V; 400 ROMBase = (void *)PTE2VA(pte); 401 epte = &pte[ROMMAPSIZE]; 402 while (pte < epte) { 403 *pte++ = protopte; 404 protopte += PAGE_SIZE; 405 } 406 407 if (vidlen) { 408 protopte = m68k_trunc_page(mac68k_video.mv_phys) | 409 PG_RW | PG_V | PG_CI; 410 newvideoaddr = PTE2VA(pte) 411 + m68k_page_offset(mac68k_video.mv_phys); 412 epte = &pte[VIDMAPSIZE]; 413 while (pte < epte) { 414 *pte++ = protopte; 415 protopte += PAGE_SIZE; 416 } 417 } 418 virtual_avail = PTE2VA(pte); 419 420 /* 421 * Calculate important exported kernel addresses and related values. 422 */ 423 /* 424 * Sysseg: base of kernel segment table 425 */ 426 Sysseg = PA2VA(kstpa, st_entry_t *); 427 Sysseg_pa = PA2VA(kstpa, paddr_t); 428 #if defined(M68040) 429 if (mmutype == MMU_68040) 430 protostfree = stfree; 431 #endif 432 /* 433 * Sysptmap: base of kernel page table map 434 */ 435 Sysptmap = PA2VA(kptmpa, pt_entry_t *); 436 /* 437 * Sysmap: kernel page table (as mapped through Sysptmap) 438 * Allocated at the end of KVA space. 439 */ 440 Sysmap = (pt_entry_t *)SYSMAP_VA; 441 442 /* 443 * Remember the u-area address so it can be loaded in the lwp0 444 * via uvm_lwp_setuarea() later in pmap_bootstrap_finalize(). 445 */ 446 lwp0uarea = PA2VA(lwp0upa, vaddr_t); 447 448 /* 449 * VM data structures are now initialized, set up data for 450 * the pmap module. 451 * 452 * Note about avail_end: msgbuf is initialized just after 453 * avail_end in machdep.c. Since the last page is used 454 * for rebooting the system (code is copied there and 455 * excution continues from copied code before the MMU 456 * is disabled), the msgbuf will get trounced between 457 * reboots if it's placed in the last physical page. 458 * To work around this, we move avail_end back one more 459 * page so the msgbuf can be preserved. 460 */ 461 avail_next = avail_start = m68k_round_page(nextpa); 462 avail_remaining = 0; 463 avail_range = -1; 464 for (i = 0; i < numranges; i++) { 465 if (low[i] <= avail_next && avail_next < high[i]) { 466 avail_range = i; 467 avail_remaining = high[i] - avail_next; 468 } else if (avail_range != -1) { 469 avail_remaining += (high[i] - low[i]); 470 } 471 } 472 physmem = m68k_btop(avail_remaining + nextpa - firstpa); 473 474 maxaddr = high[numranges - 1] - m68k_ptob(1); 475 high[numranges - 1] -= (m68k_round_page(MSGBUFSIZE) + m68k_ptob(1)); 476 avail_end = high[numranges - 1]; 477 mem_size = m68k_ptob(physmem); 478 virtual_end = VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS; 479 480 /* 481 * Allocate some fixed, special purpose kernel virtual addresses 482 */ 483 { 484 vaddr_t va = virtual_avail; 485 486 CADDR1 = (void *)va; 487 va += PAGE_SIZE; 488 CADDR2 = (void *)va; 489 va += PAGE_SIZE; 490 vmmap = (void *)va; 491 va += PAGE_SIZE; 492 msgbufaddr = (void *)va; 493 va += m68k_round_page(MSGBUFSIZE); 494 virtual_avail = va; 495 } 496 } 497 498 void 499 bootstrap_mac68k(int tc) 500 { 501 #if NZSC > 0 502 extern void zs_init(void); 503 #endif 504 extern int *esym; 505 paddr_t nextpa; 506 void *oldROMBase; 507 508 if (mac68k_machine.do_graybars) 509 printf("Bootstrapping NetBSD/mac68k.\n"); 510 511 oldROMBase = ROMBase; 512 mac68k_video.mv_phys = mac68k_video.mv_kvaddr; 513 514 if (((tc & 0x80000000) && (mmutype == MMU_68030)) || 515 ((tc & 0x8000) && (mmutype == MMU_68040))) { 516 if (mac68k_machine.do_graybars) 517 printf("Getting mapping from MMU.\n"); 518 (void) get_mapping(); 519 if (mac68k_machine.do_graybars) 520 printf("Done.\n"); 521 } else { 522 /* MMU not enabled. Fake up ranges. */ 523 numranges = 1; 524 low[0] = 0; 525 high[0] = mac68k_machine.mach_memsize * (1024 * 1024); 526 if (mac68k_machine.do_graybars) 527 printf("Faked range to byte 0x%lx.\n", high[0]); 528 } 529 nextpa = load_addr + m68k_round_page(esym); 530 531 if (mac68k_machine.do_graybars) 532 printf("Bootstrapping the pmap system.\n"); 533 534 pmap_bootstrap(nextpa, load_addr); 535 536 if (mac68k_machine.do_graybars) 537 printf("Pmap bootstrapped.\n"); 538 539 if (!vidlen) 540 panic("Don't know how to relocate video!"); 541 542 if (mac68k_machine.do_graybars) 543 printf("Moving ROMBase from %p to %p.\n", oldROMBase, ROMBase); 544 545 mrg_fixupROMBase(oldROMBase, ROMBase); 546 547 if (mac68k_machine.do_graybars) 548 printf("Video address 0x%p -> 0x%p.\n", 549 (void *)mac68k_video.mv_kvaddr, (void *)newvideoaddr); 550 551 mac68k_set_io_offsets(IOBase); 552 553 /* 554 * If the serial ports are going (for console or 'echo'), then 555 * we need to make sure the IO change gets propagated properly. 556 * This resets the base addresses for the 8530 (serial) driver. 557 * 558 * WARNING!!! No printfs() (etc) BETWEEN zs_init() and the end 559 * of this function (where we start using the MMU, so the new 560 * address is correct. 561 */ 562 #if NZSC > 0 563 if (zsinited != 0) 564 zs_init(); 565 #endif 566 567 mac68k_video.mv_kvaddr = newvideoaddr; 568 } 569