xref: /netbsd-src/sys/arch/arm/arm32/fault.c (revision ce2c90c7c172d95d2402a5b3d96d8f8e6d138a21)
1 /*	$NetBSD: fault.c,v 1.62 2006/07/23 22:06:04 ad Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright 2003 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Written by Steve C. Woodford for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
8  *
9  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
10  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
11  * are met:
12  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
14  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
15  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
16  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
17  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
18  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
19  *      This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
20  *      Wasabi Systems, Inc.
21  * 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
22  *    or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
23  *    written permission.
24  *
25  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
26  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
27  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
28  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
29  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
30  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
31  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
32  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
33  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
34  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
35  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
36  */
37 /*
38  * Copyright (c) 1994-1997 Mark Brinicombe.
39  * Copyright (c) 1994 Brini.
40  * All rights reserved.
41  *
42  * This code is derived from software written for Brini by Mark Brinicombe
43  *
44  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
45  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
46  * are met:
47  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
48  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
49  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
50  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
51  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
52  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
53  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
54  *	This product includes software developed by Brini.
55  * 4. The name of the company nor the name of the author may be used to
56  *    endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
57  *    prior written permission.
58  *
59  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY BRINI ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
60  * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
61  * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
62  * IN NO EVENT SHALL BRINI OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
63  * INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
64  * (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
65  * SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
66  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
67  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
68  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
69  * SUCH DAMAGE.
70  *
71  * RiscBSD kernel project
72  *
73  * fault.c
74  *
75  * Fault handlers
76  *
77  * Created      : 28/11/94
78  */
79 
80 #include "opt_ddb.h"
81 #include "opt_kgdb.h"
82 
83 #include <sys/types.h>
84 __KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: fault.c,v 1.62 2006/07/23 22:06:04 ad Exp $");
85 
86 #include <sys/param.h>
87 #include <sys/systm.h>
88 #include <sys/proc.h>
89 #include <sys/savar.h>
90 #include <sys/user.h>
91 #include <sys/kernel.h>
92 #include <sys/kauth.h>
93 
94 #include <uvm/uvm_extern.h>
95 #include <uvm/uvm_stat.h>
96 #ifdef UVMHIST
97 #include <uvm/uvm.h>
98 #endif
99 
100 #include <arm/cpuconf.h>
101 
102 #include <machine/frame.h>
103 #include <arm/arm32/katelib.h>
104 #include <machine/cpu.h>
105 #include <machine/intr.h>
106 #if defined(DDB) || defined(KGDB)
107 #include <machine/db_machdep.h>
108 #ifdef KGDB
109 #include <sys/kgdb.h>
110 #endif
111 #if !defined(DDB)
112 #define kdb_trap	kgdb_trap
113 #endif
114 #endif
115 
116 #include <arch/arm/arm/disassem.h>
117 #include <arm/arm32/machdep.h>
118 
119 extern char fusubailout[];
120 
121 #ifdef DEBUG
122 int last_fault_code;	/* For the benefit of pmap_fault_fixup() */
123 #endif
124 
125 #if defined(CPU_ARM3) || defined(CPU_ARM6) || \
126     defined(CPU_ARM7) || defined(CPU_ARM7TDMI)
127 /* These CPUs may need data/prefetch abort fixups */
128 #define	CPU_ABORT_FIXUP_REQUIRED
129 #endif
130 
131 struct data_abort {
132 	int (*func)(trapframe_t *, u_int, u_int, struct lwp *, ksiginfo_t *);
133 	const char *desc;
134 };
135 
136 static int dab_fatal(trapframe_t *, u_int, u_int, struct lwp *, ksiginfo_t *);
137 static int dab_align(trapframe_t *, u_int, u_int, struct lwp *, ksiginfo_t *);
138 static int dab_buserr(trapframe_t *, u_int, u_int, struct lwp *, ksiginfo_t *);
139 
140 static const struct data_abort data_aborts[] = {
141 	{dab_fatal,	"Vector Exception"},
142 	{dab_align,	"Alignment Fault 1"},
143 	{dab_fatal,	"Terminal Exception"},
144 	{dab_align,	"Alignment Fault 3"},
145 	{dab_buserr,	"External Linefetch Abort (S)"},
146 	{NULL,		"Translation Fault (S)"},
147 	{dab_buserr,	"External Linefetch Abort (P)"},
148 	{NULL,		"Translation Fault (P)"},
149 	{dab_buserr,	"External Non-Linefetch Abort (S)"},
150 	{NULL,		"Domain Fault (S)"},
151 	{dab_buserr,	"External Non-Linefetch Abort (P)"},
152 	{NULL,		"Domain Fault (P)"},
153 	{dab_buserr,	"External Translation Abort (L1)"},
154 	{NULL,		"Permission Fault (S)"},
155 	{dab_buserr,	"External Translation Abort (L2)"},
156 	{NULL,		"Permission Fault (P)"}
157 };
158 
159 /* Determine if a fault came from user mode */
160 #define	TRAP_USERMODE(tf)	((tf->tf_spsr & PSR_MODE) == PSR_USR32_MODE)
161 
162 /* Determine if 'x' is a permission fault */
163 #define	IS_PERMISSION_FAULT(x)					\
164 	(((1 << ((x) & FAULT_TYPE_MASK)) &			\
165 	  ((1 << FAULT_PERM_P) | (1 << FAULT_PERM_S))) != 0)
166 
167 #if 0
168 /* maybe one day we'll do emulations */
169 #define	TRAPSIGNAL(l,k)	(*(l)->l_proc->p_emul->e_trapsignal)((l), (k))
170 #else
171 #define	TRAPSIGNAL(l,k)	trapsignal((l), (k))
172 #endif
173 
174 static inline void
175 call_trapsignal(struct lwp *l, ksiginfo_t *ksi)
176 {
177 
178 	KERNEL_PROC_LOCK(l);
179 	TRAPSIGNAL(l, ksi);
180 	KERNEL_PROC_UNLOCK(l);
181 }
182 
183 static inline int
184 data_abort_fixup(trapframe_t *tf, u_int fsr, u_int far, struct lwp *l)
185 {
186 #ifdef CPU_ABORT_FIXUP_REQUIRED
187 	int error;
188 
189 	/* Call the CPU specific data abort fixup routine */
190 	error = cpu_dataabt_fixup(tf);
191 	if (__predict_true(error != ABORT_FIXUP_FAILED))
192 		return (error);
193 
194 	/*
195 	 * Oops, couldn't fix up the instruction
196 	 */
197 	printf("data_abort_fixup: fixup for %s mode data abort failed.\n",
198 	    TRAP_USERMODE(tf) ? "user" : "kernel");
199 #ifdef THUMB_CODE
200 	if (tf->tf_spsr & PSR_T_bit) {
201 		printf("pc = 0x%08x, opcode 0x%04x, 0x%04x, insn = ",
202 		    tf->tf_pc, *((u_int16 *)(tf->tf_pc & ~1),
203 		    *((u_int16 *)((tf->tf_pc + 2) & ~1));
204 	}
205 	else
206 #endif
207 	{
208 		printf("pc = 0x%08x, opcode 0x%08x, insn = ", tf->tf_pc,
209 		    *((u_int *)tf->tf_pc));
210 	}
211 	disassemble(tf->tf_pc);
212 
213 	/* Die now if this happened in kernel mode */
214 	if (!TRAP_USERMODE(tf))
215 		dab_fatal(tf, fsr, far, l, NULL);
216 
217 	return (error);
218 #else
219 	return (ABORT_FIXUP_OK);
220 #endif /* CPU_ABORT_FIXUP_REQUIRED */
221 }
222 
223 void
224 data_abort_handler(trapframe_t *tf)
225 {
226 	struct vm_map *map;
227 	struct pcb *pcb;
228 	struct lwp *l;
229 	u_int user, far, fsr;
230 	vm_prot_t ftype;
231 	void *onfault;
232 	vaddr_t va;
233 	int error;
234 	ksiginfo_t ksi;
235 
236 	UVMHIST_FUNC("data_abort_handler");
237 
238 	/* Grab FAR/FSR before enabling interrupts */
239 	far = cpu_faultaddress();
240 	fsr = cpu_faultstatus();
241 
242 	UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
243 	/* Update vmmeter statistics */
244 	uvmexp.traps++;
245 
246 	/* Re-enable interrupts if they were enabled previously */
247 	if (__predict_true((tf->tf_spsr & I32_bit) == 0))
248 		enable_interrupts(I32_bit);
249 
250 	/* Get the current lwp structure or lwp0 if there is none */
251 	l = (curlwp != NULL) ? curlwp : &lwp0;
252 
253 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, " (pc=0x%x, l=0x%x, far=0x%x, fsr=0x%x)",
254 	    tf->tf_pc, l, far, fsr);
255 
256 	/* Data abort came from user mode? */
257 	if ((user = TRAP_USERMODE(tf)) != 0)
258 		LWP_CACHE_CREDS(l, l->l_proc);
259 
260 	/* Grab the current pcb */
261 	pcb = &l->l_addr->u_pcb;
262 
263 	/* Invoke the appropriate handler, if necessary */
264 	if (__predict_false(data_aborts[fsr & FAULT_TYPE_MASK].func != NULL)) {
265 		if ((data_aborts[fsr & FAULT_TYPE_MASK].func)(tf, fsr, far,
266 		    l, &ksi))
267 			goto do_trapsignal;
268 		goto out;
269 	}
270 
271 	/*
272 	 * At this point, we're dealing with one of the following data aborts:
273 	 *
274 	 *  FAULT_TRANS_S  - Translation -- Section
275 	 *  FAULT_TRANS_P  - Translation -- Page
276 	 *  FAULT_DOMAIN_S - Domain -- Section
277 	 *  FAULT_DOMAIN_P - Domain -- Page
278 	 *  FAULT_PERM_S   - Permission -- Section
279 	 *  FAULT_PERM_P   - Permission -- Page
280 	 *
281 	 * These are the main virtual memory-related faults signalled by
282 	 * the MMU.
283 	 */
284 
285 	/* fusubailout is used by [fs]uswintr to avoid page faulting */
286 	if (__predict_false(pcb->pcb_onfault == fusubailout)) {
287 		tf->tf_r0 = EFAULT;
288 		tf->tf_pc = (register_t)(intptr_t) pcb->pcb_onfault;
289 		return;
290 	}
291 
292 	if (user)
293 		l->l_addr->u_pcb.pcb_tf = tf;
294 
295 	/*
296 	 * Make sure the Program Counter is sane. We could fall foul of
297 	 * someone executing Thumb code, in which case the PC might not
298 	 * be word-aligned. This would cause a kernel alignment fault
299 	 * further down if we have to decode the current instruction.
300 	 */
301 #ifdef THUMB_CODE
302 	/*
303 	 * XXX: It would be nice to be able to support Thumb in the kernel
304 	 * at some point.
305 	 */
306 	if (__predict_false(!user && (tf->tf_pc & 3) != 0)) {
307 		printf("\ndata_abort_fault: Misaligned Kernel-mode "
308 		    "Program Counter\n");
309 		dab_fatal(tf, fsr, far, l, NULL);
310 	}
311 #else
312 	if (__predict_false((tf->tf_pc & 3) != 0)) {
313 		if (user) {
314 			/*
315 			 * Give the user an illegal instruction signal.
316 			 */
317 			/* Deliver a SIGILL to the process */
318 			KSI_INIT_TRAP(&ksi);
319 			ksi.ksi_signo = SIGILL;
320 			ksi.ksi_code = ILL_ILLOPC;
321 			ksi.ksi_addr = (u_int32_t *)(intptr_t) far;
322 			ksi.ksi_trap = fsr;
323 			goto do_trapsignal;
324 		}
325 
326 		/*
327 		 * The kernel never executes Thumb code.
328 		 */
329 		printf("\ndata_abort_fault: Misaligned Kernel-mode "
330 		    "Program Counter\n");
331 		dab_fatal(tf, fsr, far, l, NULL);
332 	}
333 #endif
334 
335 	/* See if the CPU state needs to be fixed up */
336 	switch (data_abort_fixup(tf, fsr, far, l)) {
337 	case ABORT_FIXUP_RETURN:
338 		return;
339 	case ABORT_FIXUP_FAILED:
340 		/* Deliver a SIGILL to the process */
341 		KSI_INIT_TRAP(&ksi);
342 		ksi.ksi_signo = SIGILL;
343 		ksi.ksi_code = ILL_ILLOPC;
344 		ksi.ksi_addr = (u_int32_t *)(intptr_t) far;
345 		ksi.ksi_trap = fsr;
346 		goto do_trapsignal;
347 	default:
348 		break;
349 	}
350 
351 	va = trunc_page((vaddr_t)far);
352 
353 	/*
354 	 * It is only a kernel address space fault iff:
355 	 *	1. user == 0  and
356 	 *	2. pcb_onfault not set or
357 	 *	3. pcb_onfault set and not LDRT/LDRBT/STRT/STRBT instruction.
358 	 */
359 	if (user == 0 && (va >= VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS ||
360 	    (va < VM_MIN_ADDRESS && vector_page == ARM_VECTORS_LOW)) &&
361 	    __predict_true((pcb->pcb_onfault == NULL ||
362 	     (ReadWord(tf->tf_pc) & 0x05200000) != 0x04200000))) {
363 		map = kernel_map;
364 
365 		/* Was the fault due to the FPE/IPKDB ? */
366 		if (__predict_false((tf->tf_spsr & PSR_MODE)==PSR_UND32_MODE)) {
367 			KSI_INIT_TRAP(&ksi);
368 			ksi.ksi_signo = SIGSEGV;
369 			ksi.ksi_code = SEGV_ACCERR;
370 			ksi.ksi_addr = (u_int32_t *)(intptr_t) far;
371 			ksi.ksi_trap = fsr;
372 
373 			/*
374 			 * Force exit via userret()
375 			 * This is necessary as the FPE is an extension to
376 			 * userland that actually runs in a priveledged mode
377 			 * but uses USR mode permissions for its accesses.
378 			 */
379 			user = 1;
380 			goto do_trapsignal;
381 		}
382 	} else {
383 		map = &l->l_proc->p_vmspace->vm_map;
384 		if (l->l_flag & L_SA) {
385 			l->l_savp->savp_faultaddr = (vaddr_t)far;
386 			l->l_flag |= L_SA_PAGEFAULT;
387 		}
388 	}
389 
390 	/*
391 	 * We need to know whether the page should be mapped
392 	 * as R or R/W. The MMU does not give us the info as
393 	 * to whether the fault was caused by a read or a write.
394 	 *
395 	 * However, we know that a permission fault can only be
396 	 * the result of a write to a read-only location, so
397 	 * we can deal with those quickly.
398 	 *
399 	 * Otherwise we need to disassemble the instruction
400 	 * responsible to determine if it was a write.
401 	 */
402 	if (IS_PERMISSION_FAULT(fsr))
403 		ftype = VM_PROT_WRITE;
404 	else {
405 #ifdef THUMB_CODE
406 		/* Fast track the ARM case.  */
407 		if (__predict_false(tf->tf_spsr & PSR_T_bit)) {
408 			u_int insn = fusword((void *)(tf->tf_pc & ~1));
409 			u_int insn_f8 = insn & 0xf800;
410 			u_int insn_fe = insn & 0xfe00;
411 
412 			if (insn_f8 == 0x6000 || /* STR(1) */
413 			    insn_f8 == 0x7000 || /* STRB(1) */
414 			    insn_f8 == 0x8000 || /* STRH(1) */
415 			    insn_f8 == 0x9000 || /* STR(3) */
416 			    insn_f8 == 0xc000 || /* STM */
417 			    insn_fe == 0x5000 || /* STR(2) */
418 			    insn_fe == 0x5200 || /* STRH(2) */
419 			    insn_fe == 0x5400)   /* STRB(2) */
420 				ftype = VM_PROT_WRITE;
421 			else
422 				ftype = VM_PROT_READ;
423 		}
424 		else
425 #endif
426 		{
427 			u_int insn = ReadWord(tf->tf_pc);
428 
429 			if (((insn & 0x0c100000) == 0x04000000) || /* STR[B] */
430 			    ((insn & 0x0e1000b0) == 0x000000b0) || /* STR[HD]*/
431 			    ((insn & 0x0a100000) == 0x08000000))   /* STM/CDT*/
432 				ftype = VM_PROT_WRITE;
433 			else if ((insn & 0x0fb00ff0) == 0x01000090)/* SWP */
434 				ftype = VM_PROT_READ | VM_PROT_WRITE;
435 			else
436 				ftype = VM_PROT_READ;
437 		}
438 	}
439 
440 	/*
441 	 * See if the fault is as a result of ref/mod emulation,
442 	 * or domain mismatch.
443 	 */
444 #ifdef DEBUG
445 	last_fault_code = fsr;
446 #endif
447 	if (pmap_fault_fixup(map->pmap, va, ftype, user)) {
448 		if (map != kernel_map)
449 			l->l_flag &= ~L_SA_PAGEFAULT;
450 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, " <- ref/mod emul", 0, 0, 0, 0);
451 		goto out;
452 	}
453 
454 	if (__predict_false(current_intr_depth > 0)) {
455 		if (pcb->pcb_onfault) {
456 			tf->tf_r0 = EINVAL;
457 			tf->tf_pc = (register_t)(intptr_t) pcb->pcb_onfault;
458 			return;
459 		}
460 		printf("\nNon-emulated page fault with intr_depth > 0\n");
461 		dab_fatal(tf, fsr, far, l, NULL);
462 	}
463 
464 	onfault = pcb->pcb_onfault;
465 	pcb->pcb_onfault = NULL;
466 	error = uvm_fault(map, va, ftype);
467 	pcb->pcb_onfault = onfault;
468 
469 	if (map != kernel_map)
470 		l->l_flag &= ~L_SA_PAGEFAULT;
471 
472 	if (__predict_true(error == 0)) {
473 		if (user)
474 			uvm_grow(l->l_proc, va); /* Record any stack growth */
475 		UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, " <- uvm", 0, 0, 0, 0);
476 		goto out;
477 	}
478 
479 	if (user == 0) {
480 		if (pcb->pcb_onfault) {
481 			tf->tf_r0 = error;
482 			tf->tf_pc = (register_t)(intptr_t) pcb->pcb_onfault;
483 			return;
484 		}
485 
486 		printf("\nuvm_fault(%p, %lx, %x) -> %x\n", map, va, ftype,
487 		    error);
488 		dab_fatal(tf, fsr, far, l, NULL);
489 	}
490 
491 	KSI_INIT_TRAP(&ksi);
492 
493 	if (error == ENOMEM) {
494 		printf("UVM: pid %d (%s), uid %d killed: "
495 		    "out of swap\n", l->l_proc->p_pid, l->l_proc->p_comm,
496 		    l->l_cred ? kauth_cred_geteuid(l->l_cred) : -1);
497 		ksi.ksi_signo = SIGKILL;
498 	} else
499 		ksi.ksi_signo = SIGSEGV;
500 
501 	ksi.ksi_code = (error == EACCES) ? SEGV_ACCERR : SEGV_MAPERR;
502 	ksi.ksi_addr = (u_int32_t *)(intptr_t) far;
503 	ksi.ksi_trap = fsr;
504 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, " <- erorr (%d)", error, 0, 0, 0);
505 
506 do_trapsignal:
507 	call_trapsignal(l, &ksi);
508 out:
509 	/* If returning to user mode, make sure to invoke userret() */
510 	if (user)
511 		userret(l);
512 }
513 
514 /*
515  * dab_fatal() handles the following data aborts:
516  *
517  *  FAULT_WRTBUF_0 - Vector Exception
518  *  FAULT_WRTBUF_1 - Terminal Exception
519  *
520  * We should never see these on a properly functioning system.
521  *
522  * This function is also called by the other handlers if they
523  * detect a fatal problem.
524  *
525  * Note: If 'l' is NULL, we assume we're dealing with a prefetch abort.
526  */
527 static int
528 dab_fatal(trapframe_t *tf, u_int fsr, u_int far, struct lwp *l, ksiginfo_t *ksi)
529 {
530 	const char *mode;
531 
532 	mode = TRAP_USERMODE(tf) ? "user" : "kernel";
533 
534 	if (l != NULL) {
535 		printf("Fatal %s mode data abort: '%s'\n", mode,
536 		    data_aborts[fsr & FAULT_TYPE_MASK].desc);
537 		printf("trapframe: %p\nFSR=%08x, FAR=", tf, fsr);
538 		if ((fsr & FAULT_IMPRECISE) == 0)
539 			printf("%08x, ", far);
540 		else
541 			printf("Invalid,  ");
542 		printf("spsr=%08x\n", tf->tf_spsr);
543 	} else {
544 		printf("Fatal %s mode prefetch abort at 0x%08x\n",
545 		    mode, tf->tf_pc);
546 		printf("trapframe: %p, spsr=%08x\n", tf, tf->tf_spsr);
547 	}
548 
549 	printf("r0 =%08x, r1 =%08x, r2 =%08x, r3 =%08x\n",
550 	    tf->tf_r0, tf->tf_r1, tf->tf_r2, tf->tf_r3);
551 	printf("r4 =%08x, r5 =%08x, r6 =%08x, r7 =%08x\n",
552 	    tf->tf_r4, tf->tf_r5, tf->tf_r6, tf->tf_r7);
553 	printf("r8 =%08x, r9 =%08x, r10=%08x, r11=%08x\n",
554 	    tf->tf_r8, tf->tf_r9, tf->tf_r10, tf->tf_r11);
555 	printf("r12=%08x, ", tf->tf_r12);
556 
557 	if (TRAP_USERMODE(tf))
558 		printf("usp=%08x, ulr=%08x",
559 		    tf->tf_usr_sp, tf->tf_usr_lr);
560 	else
561 		printf("ssp=%08x, slr=%08x",
562 		    tf->tf_svc_sp, tf->tf_svc_lr);
563 	printf(", pc =%08x\n\n", tf->tf_pc);
564 
565 #if defined(DDB) || defined(KGDB)
566 	kdb_trap(T_FAULT, tf);
567 #endif
568 	panic("Fatal abort");
569 	/*NOTREACHED*/
570 }
571 
572 /*
573  * dab_align() handles the following data aborts:
574  *
575  *  FAULT_ALIGN_0 - Alignment fault
576  *  FAULT_ALIGN_0 - Alignment fault
577  *
578  * These faults are fatal if they happen in kernel mode. Otherwise, we
579  * deliver a bus error to the process.
580  */
581 static int
582 dab_align(trapframe_t *tf, u_int fsr, u_int far, struct lwp *l, ksiginfo_t *ksi)
583 {
584 
585 	/* Alignment faults are always fatal if they occur in kernel mode */
586 	if (!TRAP_USERMODE(tf))
587 		dab_fatal(tf, fsr, far, l, NULL);
588 
589 	/* pcb_onfault *must* be NULL at this point */
590 	KDASSERT(l->l_addr->u_pcb.pcb_onfault == NULL);
591 
592 	/* See if the CPU state needs to be fixed up */
593 	(void) data_abort_fixup(tf, fsr, far, l);
594 
595 	/* Deliver a bus error signal to the process */
596 	KSI_INIT_TRAP(ksi);
597 	ksi->ksi_signo = SIGBUS;
598 	ksi->ksi_code = BUS_ADRALN;
599 	ksi->ksi_addr = (u_int32_t *)(intptr_t)far;
600 	ksi->ksi_trap = fsr;
601 
602 	l->l_addr->u_pcb.pcb_tf = tf;
603 
604 	return (1);
605 }
606 
607 /*
608  * dab_buserr() handles the following data aborts:
609  *
610  *  FAULT_BUSERR_0 - External Abort on Linefetch -- Section
611  *  FAULT_BUSERR_1 - External Abort on Linefetch -- Page
612  *  FAULT_BUSERR_2 - External Abort on Non-linefetch -- Section
613  *  FAULT_BUSERR_3 - External Abort on Non-linefetch -- Page
614  *  FAULT_BUSTRNL1 - External abort on Translation -- Level 1
615  *  FAULT_BUSTRNL2 - External abort on Translation -- Level 2
616  *
617  * If pcb_onfault is set, flag the fault and return to the handler.
618  * If the fault occurred in user mode, give the process a SIGBUS.
619  *
620  * Note: On XScale, FAULT_BUSERR_0, FAULT_BUSERR_1, and FAULT_BUSERR_2
621  * can be flagged as imprecise in the FSR. This causes a real headache
622  * since some of the machine state is lost. In this case, tf->tf_pc
623  * may not actually point to the offending instruction. In fact, if
624  * we've taken a double abort fault, it generally points somewhere near
625  * the top of "data_abort_entry" in exception.S.
626  *
627  * In all other cases, these data aborts are considered fatal.
628  */
629 static int
630 dab_buserr(trapframe_t *tf, u_int fsr, u_int far, struct lwp *l,
631     ksiginfo_t *ksi)
632 {
633 	struct pcb *pcb = &l->l_addr->u_pcb;
634 
635 #ifdef __XSCALE__
636 	if ((fsr & FAULT_IMPRECISE) != 0 &&
637 	    (tf->tf_spsr & PSR_MODE) == PSR_ABT32_MODE) {
638 		/*
639 		 * Oops, an imprecise, double abort fault. We've lost the
640 		 * r14_abt/spsr_abt values corresponding to the original
641 		 * abort, and the spsr saved in the trapframe indicates
642 		 * ABT mode.
643 		 */
644 		tf->tf_spsr &= ~PSR_MODE;
645 
646 		/*
647 		 * We use a simple heuristic to determine if the double abort
648 		 * happened as a result of a kernel or user mode access.
649 		 * If the current trapframe is at the top of the kernel stack,
650 		 * the fault _must_ have come from user mode.
651 		 */
652 		if (tf != ((trapframe_t *)pcb->pcb_un.un_32.pcb32_sp) - 1) {
653 			/*
654 			 * Kernel mode. We're either about to die a
655 			 * spectacular death, or pcb_onfault will come
656 			 * to our rescue. Either way, the current value
657 			 * of tf->tf_pc is irrelevant.
658 			 */
659 			tf->tf_spsr |= PSR_SVC32_MODE;
660 			if (pcb->pcb_onfault == NULL)
661 				printf("\nKernel mode double abort!\n");
662 		} else {
663 			/*
664 			 * User mode. We've lost the program counter at the
665 			 * time of the fault (not that it was accurate anyway;
666 			 * it's not called an imprecise fault for nothing).
667 			 * About all we can do is copy r14_usr to tf_pc and
668 			 * hope for the best. The process is about to get a
669 			 * SIGBUS, so it's probably history anyway.
670 			 */
671 			tf->tf_spsr |= PSR_USR32_MODE;
672 			tf->tf_pc = tf->tf_usr_lr;
673 #ifdef THUMB_CODE
674 			tf->tf_spsr &= ~PSR_T_bit;
675 			if (tf->tf_usr_lr & 1)
676 				tf->tf_spsr |= PSR_T_bit;
677 #endif
678 		}
679 	}
680 
681 	/* FAR is invalid for imprecise exceptions */
682 	if ((fsr & FAULT_IMPRECISE) != 0)
683 		far = 0;
684 #endif /* __XSCALE__ */
685 
686 	if (pcb->pcb_onfault) {
687 		KDASSERT(TRAP_USERMODE(tf) == 0);
688 		tf->tf_r0 = EFAULT;
689 		tf->tf_pc = (register_t)(intptr_t) pcb->pcb_onfault;
690 		return (0);
691 	}
692 
693 	/* See if the CPU state needs to be fixed up */
694 	(void) data_abort_fixup(tf, fsr, far, l);
695 
696 	/*
697 	 * At this point, if the fault happened in kernel mode, we're toast
698 	 */
699 	if (!TRAP_USERMODE(tf))
700 		dab_fatal(tf, fsr, far, l, NULL);
701 
702 	/* Deliver a bus error signal to the process */
703 	KSI_INIT_TRAP(ksi);
704 	ksi->ksi_signo = SIGBUS;
705 	ksi->ksi_code = BUS_ADRERR;
706 	ksi->ksi_addr = (u_int32_t *)(intptr_t)far;
707 	ksi->ksi_trap = fsr;
708 
709 	l->l_addr->u_pcb.pcb_tf = tf;
710 
711 	return (1);
712 }
713 
714 static inline int
715 prefetch_abort_fixup(trapframe_t *tf)
716 {
717 #ifdef CPU_ABORT_FIXUP_REQUIRED
718 	int error;
719 
720 	/* Call the CPU specific prefetch abort fixup routine */
721 	error = cpu_prefetchabt_fixup(tf);
722 	if (__predict_true(error != ABORT_FIXUP_FAILED))
723 		return (error);
724 
725 	/*
726 	 * Oops, couldn't fix up the instruction
727 	 */
728 	printf(
729 	    "prefetch_abort_fixup: fixup for %s mode prefetch abort failed.\n",
730 	    TRAP_USERMODE(tf) ? "user" : "kernel");
731 #ifdef THUMB_CODE
732 	if (tf->tf_spsr & PSR_T_bit) {
733 		printf("pc = 0x%08x, opcode 0x%04x, 0x%04x, insn = ",
734 		    tf->tf_pc, *((u_int16 *)(tf->tf_pc & ~1),
735 		    *((u_int16 *)((tf->tf_pc + 2) & ~1));
736 	}
737 	else
738 #endif
739 	{
740 		printf("pc = 0x%08x, opcode 0x%08x, insn = ", tf->tf_pc,
741 		    *((u_int *)tf->tf_pc));
742 	}
743 	disassemble(tf->tf_pc);
744 
745 	/* Die now if this happened in kernel mode */
746 	if (!TRAP_USERMODE(tf))
747 		dab_fatal(tf, 0, tf->tf_pc, NULL, NULL);
748 
749 	return (error);
750 #else
751 	return (ABORT_FIXUP_OK);
752 #endif /* CPU_ABORT_FIXUP_REQUIRED */
753 }
754 
755 /*
756  * void prefetch_abort_handler(trapframe_t *tf)
757  *
758  * Abort handler called when instruction execution occurs at
759  * a non existent or restricted (access permissions) memory page.
760  * If the address is invalid and we were in SVC mode then panic as
761  * the kernel should never prefetch abort.
762  * If the address is invalid and the page is mapped then the user process
763  * does no have read permission so send it a signal.
764  * Otherwise fault the page in and try again.
765  */
766 void
767 prefetch_abort_handler(trapframe_t *tf)
768 {
769 	struct lwp *l;
770 	struct vm_map *map;
771 	vaddr_t fault_pc, va;
772 	ksiginfo_t ksi;
773 	int error, user;
774 
775 	UVMHIST_FUNC("prefetch_abort_handler"); UVMHIST_CALLED(maphist);
776 
777 	/* Update vmmeter statistics */
778 	uvmexp.traps++;
779 
780 	l = curlwp;
781 
782 	if ((user = TRAP_USERMODE(tf)) != 0)
783 		LWP_CACHE_CREDS(l, l->l_proc);
784 
785 	/*
786 	 * Enable IRQ's (disabled by the abort) This always comes
787 	 * from user mode so we know interrupts were not disabled.
788 	 * But we check anyway.
789 	 */
790 	if (__predict_true((tf->tf_spsr & I32_bit) == 0))
791 		enable_interrupts(I32_bit);
792 
793 	/* See if the CPU state needs to be fixed up */
794 	switch (prefetch_abort_fixup(tf)) {
795 	case ABORT_FIXUP_RETURN:
796 		return;
797 	case ABORT_FIXUP_FAILED:
798 		/* Deliver a SIGILL to the process */
799 		KSI_INIT_TRAP(&ksi);
800 		ksi.ksi_signo = SIGILL;
801 		ksi.ksi_code = ILL_ILLOPC;
802 		ksi.ksi_addr = (u_int32_t *)(intptr_t) tf->tf_pc;
803 		l->l_addr->u_pcb.pcb_tf = tf;
804 		goto do_trapsignal;
805 	default:
806 		break;
807 	}
808 
809 	/* Prefetch aborts cannot happen in kernel mode */
810 	if (__predict_false(!user))
811 		dab_fatal(tf, 0, tf->tf_pc, NULL, NULL);
812 
813 	/* Get fault address */
814 	fault_pc = tf->tf_pc;
815 	l = curlwp;
816 	l->l_addr->u_pcb.pcb_tf = tf;
817 	UVMHIST_LOG(maphist, " (pc=0x%x, l=0x%x, tf=0x%x)", fault_pc, l, tf,
818 	    0);
819 
820 	/* Ok validate the address, can only execute in USER space */
821 	if (__predict_false(fault_pc >= VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS ||
822 	    (fault_pc < VM_MIN_ADDRESS && vector_page == ARM_VECTORS_LOW))) {
823 		KSI_INIT_TRAP(&ksi);
824 		ksi.ksi_signo = SIGSEGV;
825 		ksi.ksi_code = SEGV_ACCERR;
826 		ksi.ksi_addr = (u_int32_t *)(intptr_t) fault_pc;
827 		ksi.ksi_trap = fault_pc;
828 		goto do_trapsignal;
829 	}
830 
831 	map = &l->l_proc->p_vmspace->vm_map;
832 	va = trunc_page(fault_pc);
833 
834 	/*
835 	 * See if the pmap can handle this fault on its own...
836 	 */
837 #ifdef DEBUG
838 	last_fault_code = -1;
839 #endif
840 	if (pmap_fault_fixup(map->pmap, va, VM_PROT_READ, 1)) {
841 		UVMHIST_LOG (maphist, " <- emulated", 0, 0, 0, 0);
842 		goto out;
843 	}
844 
845 #ifdef DIAGNOSTIC
846 	if (__predict_false(current_intr_depth > 0)) {
847 		printf("\nNon-emulated prefetch abort with intr_depth > 0\n");
848 		dab_fatal(tf, 0, tf->tf_pc, NULL, NULL);
849 	}
850 #endif
851 	if (map != kernel_map && l->l_flag & L_SA) {
852 		l->l_savp->savp_faultaddr = fault_pc;
853 		l->l_flag |= L_SA_PAGEFAULT;
854 	}
855 
856 	error = uvm_fault(map, va, VM_PROT_READ);
857 
858 	if (map != kernel_map)
859 		l->l_flag &= ~L_SA_PAGEFAULT;
860 
861 	if (__predict_true(error == 0)) {
862 		UVMHIST_LOG (maphist, " <- uvm", 0, 0, 0, 0);
863 		goto out;
864 	}
865 	KSI_INIT_TRAP(&ksi);
866 
867 	UVMHIST_LOG (maphist, " <- fatal (%d)", error, 0, 0, 0);
868 	if (error == ENOMEM) {
869 		printf("UVM: pid %d (%s), uid %d killed: "
870 		    "out of swap\n", l->l_proc->p_pid, l->l_proc->p_comm,
871 		    l->l_cred ? kauth_cred_geteuid(l->l_cred) : -1);
872 		ksi.ksi_signo = SIGKILL;
873 	} else
874 		ksi.ksi_signo = SIGSEGV;
875 
876 	ksi.ksi_code = SEGV_MAPERR;
877 	ksi.ksi_addr = (u_int32_t *)(intptr_t) fault_pc;
878 	ksi.ksi_trap = fault_pc;
879 
880 do_trapsignal:
881 	call_trapsignal(l, &ksi);
882 
883 out:
884 	userret(l);
885 }
886 
887 /*
888  * Tentatively read an 8, 16, or 32-bit value from 'addr'.
889  * If the read succeeds, the value is written to 'rptr' and zero is returned.
890  * Else, return EFAULT.
891  */
892 int
893 badaddr_read(void *addr, size_t size, void *rptr)
894 {
895 	extern int badaddr_read_1(const uint8_t *, uint8_t *);
896 	extern int badaddr_read_2(const uint16_t *, uint16_t *);
897 	extern int badaddr_read_4(const uint32_t *, uint32_t *);
898 	union {
899 		uint8_t v1;
900 		uint16_t v2;
901 		uint32_t v4;
902 	} u;
903 	struct pcb *curpcb_save;
904 	int rv, s;
905 
906 	cpu_drain_writebuf();
907 
908 	/*
909 	 * We might be called at interrupt time, so arrange to steal
910 	 * lwp0's PCB temporarily, if required, so that pcb_onfault
911 	 * handling works correctly.
912 	 */
913 	s = splhigh();
914 	if ((curpcb_save = curpcb) == NULL)
915 		curpcb = &lwp0.l_addr->u_pcb;
916 
917 	/* Read from the test address. */
918 	switch (size) {
919 	case sizeof(uint8_t):
920 		rv = badaddr_read_1(addr, &u.v1);
921 		if (rv == 0 && rptr)
922 			*(uint8_t *) rptr = u.v1;
923 		break;
924 
925 	case sizeof(uint16_t):
926 		rv = badaddr_read_2(addr, &u.v2);
927 		if (rv == 0 && rptr)
928 			*(uint16_t *) rptr = u.v2;
929 		break;
930 
931 	case sizeof(uint32_t):
932 		rv = badaddr_read_4(addr, &u.v4);
933 		if (rv == 0 && rptr)
934 			*(uint32_t *) rptr = u.v4;
935 		break;
936 
937 	default:
938 		curpcb = curpcb_save;
939 		panic("badaddr: invalid size (%lu)", (u_long) size);
940 	}
941 
942 	/* Restore curpcb */
943 	curpcb = curpcb_save;
944 	splx(s);
945 
946 	/* Return EFAULT if the address was invalid, else zero */
947 	return (rv);
948 }
949