xref: /netbsd-src/sys/arch/amd64/include/pmap.h (revision 7fa608457b817eca6e0977b37f758ae064f3c99c)
1 /*	$NetBSD: pmap.h,v 1.14 2007/10/18 15:28:34 yamt Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  *
5  * Copyright (c) 1997 Charles D. Cranor and Washington University.
6  * All rights reserved.
7  *
8  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
9  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
10  * are met:
11  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
12  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
13  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
14  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
15  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
16  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
17  *    must display the following acknowledgment:
18  *      This product includes software developed by Charles D. Cranor and
19  *      Washington University.
20  * 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
21  *    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
22  *
23  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
24  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
25  * OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
26  * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
27  * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT
28  * NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
29  * DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
30  * THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
31  * (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
32  * THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
33  */
34 
35 /*
36  * Copyright (c) 2001 Wasabi Systems, Inc.
37  * All rights reserved.
38  *
39  * Written by Frank van der Linden for Wasabi Systems, Inc.
40  *
41  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
42  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
43  * are met:
44  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
45  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
46  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
47  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
48  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
49  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
50  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
51  *      This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project by
52  *      Wasabi Systems, Inc.
53  * 4. The name of Wasabi Systems, Inc. may not be used to endorse
54  *    or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
55  *    written permission.
56  *
57  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY WASABI SYSTEMS, INC. ``AS IS'' AND
58  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
59  * TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
60  * PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL WASABI SYSTEMS, INC
61  * BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
62  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
63  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
64  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
65  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
66  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
67  * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
68  */
69 
70 #ifndef	_AMD64_PMAP_H_
71 #define	_AMD64_PMAP_H_
72 
73 #include <machine/pte.h>
74 #include <machine/segments.h>
75 #include <machine/atomic.h>
76 #ifdef _KERNEL
77 #include <machine/cpufunc.h>
78 #endif
79 
80 #include <uvm/uvm_object.h>
81 
82 /*
83  * The x86_64 pmap module closely resembles the i386 one. It uses
84  * the same recursive entry scheme, and the same alternate area
85  * trick for accessing non-current pmaps. See the i386 pmap.h
86  * for a description. The obvious difference is that 3 extra
87  * levels of page table need to be dealt with. The level 1 page
88  * table pages are at:
89  *
90  * l1: 0x00007f8000000000 - 0x00007fffffffffff     (39 bits, needs PML4 entry)
91  *
92  * The alternate space is at:
93  *
94  * l1: 0xffffff8000000000 - 0xffffffffffffffff     (39 bits, needs PML4 entry)
95  *
96  * The rest is kept as physical pages in 3 UVM objects, and is
97  * temporarily mapped for virtual access when needed.
98  *
99  * Note that address space is signed, so the layout for 48 bits is:
100  *
101  *  +---------------------------------+ 0xffffffffffffffff
102  *  |                                 |
103  *  |    alt.L1 table (PTE pages)     |
104  *  |                                 |
105  *  +---------------------------------+ 0xffffff8000000000
106  *  ~                                 ~
107  *  |                                 |
108  *  |         Kernel Space            |
109  *  |                                 |
110  *  |                                 |
111  *  +---------------------------------+ 0xffff800000000000 = 0x0000800000000000
112  *  |                                 |
113  *  |    alt.L1 table (PTE pages)     |
114  *  |                                 |
115  *  +---------------------------------+ 0x00007f8000000000
116  *  ~                                 ~
117  *  |                                 |
118  *  |         User Space              |
119  *  |                                 |
120  *  |                                 |
121  *  +---------------------------------+ 0x0000000000000000
122  *
123  * In other words, there is a 'VA hole' at 0x0000800000000000 -
124  * 0xffff800000000000 which will trap, just as on, for example,
125  * sparcv9.
126  *
127  * The unused space can be used if needed, but it adds a little more
128  * complexity to the calculations.
129  */
130 
131 /*
132  * The first generation of Hammer processors can use 48 bits of
133  * virtual memory, and 40 bits of physical memory. This will be
134  * more for later generations. These defines can be changed to
135  * variable names containing the # of bits, extracted from an
136  * extended cpuid instruction (variables are harder to use during
137  * bootstrap, though)
138  */
139 #define VIRT_BITS	48
140 #define PHYS_BITS	40
141 
142 /*
143  * Mask to get rid of the sign-extended part of addresses.
144  */
145 #define VA_SIGN_MASK		0xffff000000000000
146 #define VA_SIGN_NEG(va)		((va) | VA_SIGN_MASK)
147 /*
148  * XXXfvdl this one's not right.
149  */
150 #define VA_SIGN_POS(va)		((va) & ~VA_SIGN_MASK)
151 
152 #define L4_SLOT_PTE		255
153 #define L4_SLOT_KERN		256
154 #define L4_SLOT_KERNBASE	511
155 #define L4_SLOT_APTE		510
156 
157 #define PDIR_SLOT_KERN	L4_SLOT_KERN
158 #define PDIR_SLOT_PTE	L4_SLOT_PTE
159 #define PDIR_SLOT_APTE	L4_SLOT_APTE
160 
161 /*
162  * the following defines give the virtual addresses of various MMU
163  * data structures:
164  * PTE_BASE and APTE_BASE: the base VA of the linear PTE mappings
165  * PTD_BASE and APTD_BASE: the base VA of the recursive mapping of the PTD
166  * PDP_PDE and APDP_PDE: the VA of the PDE that points back to the PDP/APDP
167  *
168  */
169 
170 #define PTE_BASE  ((pt_entry_t *) (L4_SLOT_PTE * NBPD_L4))
171 #define APTE_BASE ((pt_entry_t *) (VA_SIGN_NEG((L4_SLOT_APTE * NBPD_L4))))
172 
173 #define L1_BASE		PTE_BASE
174 #define AL1_BASE	APTE_BASE
175 
176 #define L2_BASE ((pd_entry_t *)((char *)L1_BASE + L4_SLOT_PTE * NBPD_L3))
177 #define L3_BASE ((pd_entry_t *)((char *)L2_BASE + L4_SLOT_PTE * NBPD_L2))
178 #define L4_BASE ((pd_entry_t *)((char *)L3_BASE + L4_SLOT_PTE * NBPD_L1))
179 
180 #define AL2_BASE ((pd_entry_t *)((char *)AL1_BASE + L4_SLOT_PTE * NBPD_L3))
181 #define AL3_BASE ((pd_entry_t *)((char *)AL2_BASE + L4_SLOT_PTE * NBPD_L2))
182 #define AL4_BASE ((pd_entry_t *)((char *)AL3_BASE + L4_SLOT_PTE * NBPD_L1))
183 
184 #define PDP_PDE		(L4_BASE + PDIR_SLOT_PTE)
185 #define APDP_PDE	(L4_BASE + PDIR_SLOT_APTE)
186 
187 #define PDP_BASE	L4_BASE
188 #define APDP_BASE	AL4_BASE
189 
190 #define NKL4_MAX_ENTRIES	(unsigned long)1
191 #define NKL3_MAX_ENTRIES	(unsigned long)(NKL4_MAX_ENTRIES * 512)
192 #define NKL2_MAX_ENTRIES	(unsigned long)(NKL3_MAX_ENTRIES * 512)
193 #define NKL1_MAX_ENTRIES	(unsigned long)(NKL2_MAX_ENTRIES * 512)
194 
195 #define NKL4_KIMG_ENTRIES	1
196 #define NKL3_KIMG_ENTRIES	1
197 #define NKL2_KIMG_ENTRIES	8
198 
199 /*
200  * Since kva space is below the kernel in its entirety, we start off
201  * with zero entries on each level.
202  */
203 #define NKL4_START_ENTRIES	0
204 #define NKL3_START_ENTRIES	0
205 #define NKL2_START_ENTRIES	0
206 #define NKL1_START_ENTRIES	0	/* XXX */
207 
208 #define NTOPLEVEL_PDES		(PAGE_SIZE / (sizeof (pd_entry_t)))
209 
210 #define NPDPG			(PAGE_SIZE / sizeof (pd_entry_t))
211 
212 #define PTP_MASK_INITIALIZER	{ L1_FRAME, L2_FRAME, L3_FRAME, L4_FRAME }
213 #define PTP_SHIFT_INITIALIZER	{ L1_SHIFT, L2_SHIFT, L3_SHIFT, L4_SHIFT }
214 #define NKPTP_INITIALIZER	{ NKL1_START_ENTRIES, NKL2_START_ENTRIES, \
215 				  NKL3_START_ENTRIES, NKL4_START_ENTRIES }
216 #define NKPTPMAX_INITIALIZER	{ NKL1_MAX_ENTRIES, NKL2_MAX_ENTRIES, \
217 				  NKL3_MAX_ENTRIES, NKL4_MAX_ENTRIES }
218 #define NBPD_INITIALIZER	{ NBPD_L1, NBPD_L2, NBPD_L3, NBPD_L4 }
219 #define PDES_INITIALIZER	{ L2_BASE, L3_BASE, L4_BASE }
220 #define APDES_INITIALIZER	{ AL2_BASE, AL3_BASE, AL4_BASE }
221 
222 #define PTP_LEVELS	4
223 
224 /*
225  * PG_AVAIL usage: we make use of the ignored bits of the PTE
226  */
227 
228 #define PG_W		PG_AVAIL1	/* "wired" mapping */
229 #define PG_PVLIST	PG_AVAIL2	/* mapping has entry on pvlist */
230 /* PG_AVAIL3 not used */
231 
232 #define	PG_X		0		/* XXX dummy */
233 
234 /*
235  * Number of PTE's per cache line.  8 byte pte, 64-byte cache line
236  * Used to avoid false sharing of cache lines.
237  */
238 #define NPTECL		8
239 
240 #define pmap_pte_set(p, n)		x86_atomic_testset_u64(p, n)
241 #define pmap_pte_setbits(p, b)		x86_atomic_setbits_u64(p, b)
242 #define pmap_pte_clearbits(p, b)	x86_atomic_clearbits_u64(p, b)
243 #define pmap_cpu_has_pg_n()		(1)
244 #define pmap_cpu_has_invlpg		(1)
245 
246 #include <x86/pmap.h>
247 
248 void pmap_prealloc_lowmem_ptps(void);
249 void pmap_changeprot_local(vaddr_t, vm_prot_t);
250 
251 #endif	/* _AMD64_PMAP_H_ */
252