1The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD 2--------------------------------------------- 3 4First Edition (V1) 5 | 6Second Edition (V2) 7 | 8Third Edition (V3) 9 | 10Fourth Edition (V4) 11 | 12Fifth Edition (V5) 13 | 14Sixth Edition (V6) -----* 15 \ | 16 \ | 17 \ | 18Seventh Edition (V7) | 19 \ | 20 \ 1BSD 21 32V | 22 \ 2BSD---------------* 23 \ / | 24 \ / | 25 \/ | 26 3BSD | 27 | | 28 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD 29 | | 30 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD 31 | | 32 4.1aBSD -----------\ | 33 | \ | 34 4.1bBSD \ | 35 | \ | 36 *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD 37 / | | 38Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo 39 | | | 40 +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD 41 | | | 42 +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD 43 | | / | 44Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD 45 | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ | 46 | | \ | 47 | | \ | 48 v | 2.11BSD 49Tenth Edition | | 50 | 2.11BSD rev #430 51 4.3BSD NET/1 | 52 | v 53 4.3BSD Reno 54 | 55 *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------* 56 | | | | 57386BSD 0.0 | | | 58 | | | | 59386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSDI 1.0 60 | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha | 61 | 386BSD 1.0 | | | 62 | | 4.4BSD | 63 | | / | | 64 | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | | 65 | NetBSD 0.8 | | 66 | | | | 67FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | | 68 | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite --> BSDI 2.0 69FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | | 70 | | / / | BSDI 2.0.1 71FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | | 72 | / | / 4.4BSD Lite2 -> BSDI 2.1 73FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / / | | \ | 74 | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' / | | \ | 75 | / | / | | `-BSDI 3.0 76FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | FreeBSD 3.0 | | | 77 | \ NetBSD 1.3 | v 78FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ OpenBSD 2.3 79 | \ 80 | \ 81FreeBSD 2.1 | 82 | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. 83 | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | \ 84 | | NetBSD 1.2 \ 85 | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | \ OpenBSD 2.0 86 | | | \ | 87 | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | \ | 88 | | | \ | 89 | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | 90 | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | 91 | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | 92 | | | 93 | | | 94 *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | 95 | \ | | 96 | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | 97 | | | | 98 | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | OpenBSD 2.1 99 | | | | 100 | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | 101 | | | OpenBSD 2.2 102 | | NetBSD 1.3 | 103 | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | 104 | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | 105 | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 106 | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | 107 | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | 108 | | | | | 109 | v | | | 110 | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | 111 | | | | 112 | | | OpenBSD 2.4 113FreeBSD 3.0 | v | 114 | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | 115 *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | 116 | | | | 117 | FreeBSD 3.2 NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 118 | | | | | 119 | FreeBSD 3.3 | NetBSD 1.4.1 | 120 | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 121 | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | 122 | | | | | 123FreeBSD 4.0 | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | 124 | | | | 125 | | | | 126 | FreeBSD 3.5 | OpenBSD 2.7 127 | | | | 128 | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | 129 | | | 130 *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | 131 | | | | 132 | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | 133 | | | | 134 | v | | 135 | | | 136 | | | 137FreeBSD 5.0-current NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current 138 | | | 139 v v v 140 141 142Time 143---------------- 144 145Time tolerance +/- 6 month, depend on which book/article you read; if 146it was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape. 147 148[44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, 149 and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of 150 the 4.4BSD Operating System. 151[DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape. 152[QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. 153[U25] Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. 154[USE] Usenet announcement. 155[KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz. 156 Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software 157 Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983. 158[KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources, 159 Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987. 160[KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement. 161 comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988. 162[SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11. 163[FBD] FreeBSD Project, The. 164[NBD] NetBSD Project, The. 165[OBD] OpenBSD Project, The. 166[dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail 167 168 169Multics 1965 170UNIX Summer 1969 171 DEC PDP-7 172First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU] 173 DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler 174Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU] 175 10 UNIX installations 176Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU] 177 Pipes, 16 installations 178Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU] 179 rewriting in C effected, 180 above 30 installations 181Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU] 182 above 50 installations 183Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU] 184 port to DEC Vax 185Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU] 186 first portable UNIX 187Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU] 188 VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr] 189 descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr] 190 descended from 4.1 BSD [44B] 191 scooping-out and replacement of the character-device 192 and networking part by the streams mechanism 193 194Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU] 195Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU] 196 1971BSD late 1977 198 1978-03-09 [QCU] 199 PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1) 200 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out 201 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU] 2022BSD mid 1978 [QCU] 203 75 2BSD tapes shipped 2042.7.9BSD ?? [SMS] 2052.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ] 206 2072.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU] 208 set of performance improvements 2092.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ] 2102.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx 2112.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS] 2122.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK] 2132.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS] 2142.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS] 2152.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS] 216 21732V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU] 2183BSD late 1979 [QCU] 219 virtual memory, page replacement, 220 demand paging 2214.0BSD 1980-10-xx 2224.1BSD 1981-06-xx 2234.1aBSD 1982-04-xx 224 alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B] 2254.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B] 2264.1cBSD late 1982 227 beta release, IPC [44B] 2284.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU] 2294.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU] 230 1986-04-xx [KB] 2314.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-xx [QCU] 2324.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU] 2334.3BSD Reno 1990-06-xx [QCU], [DOC] 2344.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-xx [QCU] 235386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC] 236386BSD 0.1 1992-07-xx [DOC] 2374.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07 238NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD] 2394.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE] 240NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD] 241FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-xx [FOO] 2424.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE] 243FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD] 244FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD] 245 supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release. 246NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD] 247386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE] 248FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD] 249FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-xx [FBD] 2504.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B] 251 the true final distribution from the CSRG 252NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD] 253FreeBSD 2.1 1995-12-xx [FBD] 254FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-08-xx [FBD] 255NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD] 256OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD] 257FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-12-xx [FBD] 258FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-xx [FBD] 259FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-04-xx [FBD] 260NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release) 261OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD] 262FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-06-xx [FBD] 263FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-11-xx [FBD] 264OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD] 265NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD] 266FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-xx [FBD] 267NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release) 268OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD] 269NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release) 270FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-xx [FBD] 271FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD] 272 FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current, 273 while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which 274 was branched quite some time after 3.0-release 275FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD] 276OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD] 277NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release) 278FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD] 279NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD] 280FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD] 281OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD] 282NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release) 283FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD] 284OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD] 285FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD] 286FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD] 287NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release) 288OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD] 289FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD] 290FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD] 291FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD] 292FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release) 293 294 295Bibliography 296------------------------ 297 298Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John 299Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating 300System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1 301 302Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing 303Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5 304 305McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John 306Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating 307System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4 308 309Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader. 310 311Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix. 312Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the 313Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993. 314 315Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994. 316URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm 317 318Andreas Klemm, Lars K�ller. If you're going to San Francisco ... 319Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff. 320 321BSD Release Announcements collection. 322URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/ 323 324BSD Hypertext Man Pages 325http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi 326 327UNIX history graphing project 328http://minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au/Unix_History/index.html 329 330UNIX history 331http://perso.wanadoo.fr/levenez/unix/ 332 333Acknowledgments 334--------------- 335 336Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old 337original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes. 338 339Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages. 340 341-- 342Copyright (c) 1997-1999 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG> 343URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/FreeBSD-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 344 345$FreeBSD: src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.30 2000/10/02 11:26:59 itojun Exp $ 346 347$NetBSD: bsd-family-tree,v 1.6 2000/10/02 11:28:22 itojun Exp $ 348