1.\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.10 2003/08/07 10:31:27 agc Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1992, 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 15.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 16.\" without specific prior written permission. 17.\" 18.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 19.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 20.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 21.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 22.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 23.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 24.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 25.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 26.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 27.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 28.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 29.\" 30.\" @(#)boot_sparc.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 31.\" 32.Dd April 30, 2003 33.Dt BOOT 8 sparc64 34.Os 35.Sh NAME 36.Nm boot 37.Nd system bootstrapping procedures 38.Sh SYNOPSIS 39.Nm boot 40.Op Fl adqsv 41.Oo 42.Ar -- 43.Aq Ar boot string 44.Oc 45.Sh DESCRIPTION 46.Tn Sun 47.Tn UltraSPARC 48systems support booting from locally attached storage media 49.Pq e.g. hard disk, Tn CD-ROM , 50and booting over 51.Tn Ethernet 52networks using 53.Tn BOOTP . 54.Ss Power fail and crash recovery 55Normally, the system will reboot itself at power-up or after crashes. 56An automatic consistency check of the file systems will be performed 57as described in 58.Xr fsck 8 , 59and unless this fails, the system will resume multi-user operations. 60.Ss Cold starts 61The 62.Tn Sun 63Open Firmware performs a Power On Self Test 64.Pq Tn POST , 65and then will boot an operating system according to 66configuration in Open Firmware environment variables. 67.Ss Boot program options 68.Bl -tag -width xxx 69.It Fl a 70Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump 71device, and the path to 72.Xr init 8 . 73.It Fl d 74Bring the system up in debug mode. 75Here it waits for a kernel debugger connect; see 76.Xr gdb 1 . 77.It Fl q 78Boot the system in quiet mode. 79.It Fl s 80Bring the system up in single-user mode. 81.It Fl v 82Boot the system in verbose mode. 83.El 84.Pp 85Any extra flags or arguments, or the 86.Aq Ar boot string 87after the -- separator are passed to the boot PROM. 88Other flags are currently ignored. 89.Pp 90At any time you can halt the running system and get back to the Open Firmware. 91If the console is the 92.Tn Sun 93framebuffer and keyboard, 94press the 95.Sq STOP 96and 97.Sq A 98keys at the same time on the keyboard. 99On older models of 100.Tn Sun 101keyboards, the 102.Sq STOP 103key is labelled 104.Sq L1 . 105.Pp 106If the console is a serial port the same is 107achieved by sending a 108.Sq BREAK . 109.Pp 110If you do this accidentally, you can continue whatever was in progress 111with the 112.Ic go 113command. 114.Sh BOOT DEVICES 115Since machines vary greatly in the way their devices are connected, 116there are aliases defined by the firmware. 117You can either use the fully qualified 118Open Firmware path of a device node, or the alias. 119.Pp 120A typical list of usable boot devices (extracted from the output of 121the Open Firmware command 122.Ic devalias ) 123is: 124.Bd -literal -offset indent 125net /sbus/SUNW,hme@e,8c00000 126disk /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@0,0 127cdrom /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@6,0:f 128disk6 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@6,0 129disk5 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@5,0 130disk4 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@4,0 131disk3 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@3,0 132disk2 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@2,0 133disk1 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@1,0 134disk0 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@0,0 135.Ed 136.Pp 137If a device specification includes a partition letter (for example 138.Em cdrom 139in above list), that partition is used by default, otherwise the first (a) 140partition is used. 141If booting from the net device, there is no partition involved. 142.Pp 143The boot device is an optional first part of the boot string, if no device 144is specified the default device is used (see below). 145.Sh FIRMWARE ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES 146All Open Firmware environment variables can be printed with the 147.Ic printenv 148command and changed with the 149.Ic setenv 150command. 151The boot process relevant variables and their suggested value for 152booting 153.Nx 154are: 155.Bd -literal -offset indent 156boot-command boot 157auto-boot? true 158boot-file 159boot-device disk 160diag-switch? false 161.Ed 162.Pp 163Of course you may select any other boot device, 164if you do not want to boot from the device aliased to 165.Em disk , 166see the discussion on devices above. 167.Sh FILES 168.Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/ofwboot.netxx -compact 169.It Pa /netbsd 170system code 171.It Pa /ofwboot 172system bootstrap 173.It Pa /usr/mdec/ofwboot.net 174alternate bootstrap when booting from the network, see 175.Xr diskless 8 176for details. 177.El 178.Sh EXAMPLES 179Boot from 180.Tn CD-ROM : 181.Pp 182.Bd -literal -offset indent 183boot cdrom 184.Ed 185.Pp 186Note that some multi-architecture CDs are not able to use the 187default sparc64 partition for 188.Tn CD-ROMs 189.Pq f , 190so they may require an explicit partition letter, for example 191.Bd -literal -offset indent 192boot cdrom:c 193.Ed 194.Pp 195When using external 196.Tn SCSI 197.Tn CD-ROM 198drives it is important to know two things: the 199.Tn Sun 200firmware expects the 201.Tn SCSI 202ID to be six, and the drive must support 512-byte block reads, 203in addition to the standard 2048-byte reads. 204.Pp 205Use 206.Bd -literal -offset indent 207boot net -sd 208.Ed 209.Pp 210to boot single user from network and break into the kernel debugger as 211soon as possible. 212.Pp 213During installation from a different operating system 214.Bd -literal -offset indent 215boot disk:b 216.Ed 217.Pp 218is used to boot a 219.Dq miniroot 220filesystem from the swap partition. 221.Sh SEE ALSO 222.Xr disklabel 8 , 223.Xr diskless 8 , 224.Xr fsck 8 , 225.Xr halt 8 , 226.Xr init 8 , 227.Xr installboot 8 , 228.Xr rc 8 , 229.Xr shutdown 8 , 230.Xr syslogd 8 231.Sh STANDARDS 232.Tn Sun 233developed its firmware and promoted it to become 234.St -ieee1275-94 . 235.Pp 236.Pa http://playground.sun.com/1275/ 237.Sh BUGS 238.Nx 239provides no way to boot 240.Tn UltraSPARC 241systems from floppy disks. 242This is unlikely to change, due to very low demand for this feature. 243