1.\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.8 2003/05/01 18:44:11 fair Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1992, 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 15.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 16.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 17.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 18.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" @(#)boot_sparc.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 35.\" 36.Dd April 30, 2003 37.Dt BOOT 8 sparc64 38.Os 39.Sh NAME 40.Nm boot 41.Nd system bootstrapping procedures 42.Sh SYNOPSIS 43.Nm boot 44.Op Fl adqsv 45.Oo 46.Ar -- 47.Aq Ar boot string 48.Oc 49.Sh DESCRIPTION 50.Tn Sun 51.Tn UltraSPARC 52systems support booting from locally attached storage media 53.Pq e.g. hard disk, Tn CD-ROM , 54and booting over 55.Tn Ethernet 56networks using 57.Tn BOOTP . 58.Ss Power fail and crash recovery 59Normally, the system will reboot itself at power-up or after crashes. 60An automatic consistency check of the file systems will be performed 61as described in 62.Xr fsck 8 , 63and unless this fails, the system will resume multi-user operations. 64.Ss Cold starts 65The 66.Tn Sun 67Open Firmware performs a Power On Self Test 68.Pq Tn POST , 69and then will boot an operating system according to 70configuration in Open Firmware environment variables. 71.Ss Boot program options 72.Bl -tag -width xxx 73.It Fl a 74Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump 75device, and the path to 76.Xr init 8 . 77.It Fl d 78Bring the system up in debug mode. 79Here it waits for a kernel debugger connect; see 80.Xr gdb 1 . 81.It Fl q 82Boot the system in quiet mode. 83.It Fl s 84Bring the system up in single-user mode. 85.It Fl v 86Boot the system in verbose mode. 87.El 88.Pp 89Any extra flags or arguments, or the 90.Aq Ar boot string 91after the -- separator are passed to the boot PROM. 92Other flags are currently ignored. 93.Pp 94At any time you can halt the running system and get back to the Open Firmware. 95If the console is the 96.Tn Sun 97framebuffer and keyboard, 98press the 99.Sq STOP 100and 101.Sq A 102keys at the same time on the keyboard. 103On older models of 104.Tn Sun 105keyboards, the 106.Sq STOP 107key is labelled 108.Sq L1 . 109.Pp 110If the console is a serial port the same is 111achieved by sending a 112.Sq BREAK . 113.Pp 114If you do this accidentally, you can continue whatever was in progress 115with the 116.Ic go 117command. 118.Sh BOOT DEVICES 119Since machines vary greatly in the way their devices are connected, 120there are aliases defined by the firmware. 121You can either use the fully qualified 122Open Firmware path of a device node, or the alias. 123.Pp 124A typical list of usable boot devices (extracted from the output of 125the Open Firmware command 126.Ic devalias ) 127is: 128.Bd -literal -offset indent 129net /sbus/SUNW,hme@e,8c00000 130disk /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@0,0 131cdrom /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@6,0:f 132disk6 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@6,0 133disk5 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@5,0 134disk4 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@4,0 135disk3 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@3,0 136disk2 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@2,0 137disk1 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@1,0 138disk0 /sbus/SUNW,fas@e,8800000/sd@0,0 139.Ed 140.Pp 141If a device specification includes a partition letter (for example 142.Em cdrom 143in above list), that partition is used by default, otherwise the first (a) 144partition is used. 145If booting from the net device, there is no partition involved. 146.Pp 147The boot device is an optional first part of the boot string, if no device 148is specified the default device is used (see below). 149.Sh FIRMWARE ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES 150All Open Firmware environment variables can be printed with the 151.Ic printenv 152command and changed with the 153.Ic setenv 154command. 155The boot process relevant variables and their suggested value for 156booting 157.Nx 158are: 159.Bd -literal -offset indent 160boot-command boot 161auto-boot? true 162boot-file 163boot-device disk 164diag-switch? false 165.Ed 166.Pp 167Of course you may select any other boot device, 168if you do not want to boot from the device aliased to 169.Em disk , 170see the discussion on devices above. 171.Sh FILES 172.Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/ofwboot.netxx -compact 173.It Pa /netbsd 174system code 175.It Pa /ofwboot 176system bootstrap 177.It Pa /usr/mdec/ofwboot.net 178alternate bootstrap when booting from the network, see 179.Xr diskless 8 180for details. 181.El 182.Sh EXAMPLES 183Boot from 184.Tn CD-ROM : 185.Pp 186.Bd -literal -offset indent 187boot cdrom 188.Ed 189.Pp 190Note that some multi-architecture CDs are not able to use the 191default sparc64 partition for 192.Tn CD-ROMs 193.Pq f , 194so they may require an explicit partition letter, for example 195.Bd -literal -offset indent 196boot cdrom:c 197.Ed 198.Pp 199When using external 200.Tn SCSI 201.Tn CD-ROM 202drives it is important to know two things: the 203.Tn Sun 204firmware expects the 205.Tn SCSI 206ID to be six, and the drive must support 512-byte block reads, 207in addition to the standard 2048-byte reads. 208.Pp 209Use 210.Bd -literal -offset indent 211boot net -sd 212.Ed 213.Pp 214to boot single user from network and break into the kernel debugger as 215soon as possible. 216.Pp 217During installation from a different operating system 218.Bd -literal -offset indent 219boot disk:b 220.Ed 221.Pp 222is used to boot a 223.Dq miniroot 224filesystem from the swap partition. 225.Sh SEE ALSO 226.Xr disklabel 8 , 227.Xr diskless 8 , 228.Xr fsck 8 , 229.Xr halt 8 , 230.Xr init 8 , 231.Xr installboot 8 , 232.Xr rc 8 , 233.Xr shutdown 8 , 234.Xr syslogd 8 235.Sh STANDARDS 236.Tn Sun 237developed its firmware and promoted it to become 238.St - IEEE 1275 Open Firmware . 239.Pp 240.Pa http://playground.sun.com/1275/ 241.Sh BUGS 242.Nx 243provides no way to boot 244.Tn UltraSPARC 245systems from floppy disks. 246This is unlikely to change, due to very low demand for this feature. 247