1.\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.8 2003/08/07 10:31:25 agc Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. 4.\" All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 7.\" the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer 8.\" Science Department. 9.\" 10.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12.\" are met: 13.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" From: 35.\" @(#)boot_hp300.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94 36.\" 37.Dd July 1, 1995 38.Dt BOOT 8 mac68k 39.Os 40.Sh NAME 41.Nm boot 42.Nd 43system bootstrapping procedures 44.Sh DESCRIPTION 45.Sy Power fail and crash recovery 46Normally, the 47.Nx 48kernel on the mac68k architecture is booted from the native operating 49system by means of an application program. When the kernel takes over, 50it initializes itself and proceeds to boot the system. An automatic 51consistency check of the file systems takes place, and unless this 52fails, the system comes up to multi-user operations. The proper way 53to shut the system down is with the 54.Xr shutdown 8 55command. 56.Pp 57If the system crashes, it will enter the kernel debugger, 58.Xr ddb 4 , 59if it is configured in the kernel. If the debugger is not present, 60or the debugger is exited, the system will attempt a dump to the 61configured dump device (which will be automatically recovered with 62.Xr savecore 8 63during the next boot cycle). After the dump is complete (successful 64or not), the system will attempt a reboot. 65.Pp 66On most mac68k machines with "soft-power" after the IIcx, the power 67switch can be physically rotated and locked in the 'on' position. 68The native OS can be configured to automatically start the 69.Nx 70boot program. Additionally, the 71.Nx 72boot program can be configured to boot 73.Nx 74without intervention. When a system is so configured, it can crash 75or lose power and reboot back to a fully multi-user state without 76any intervention. 77.Pp 78.Sy The boot application 79The boot application runs in the native OS on the system. It has a 80dialog where booting preferences may be changed and an option whereby 81these options may be saved. The preferences are stored in the program 82itself, not in a preferences folder--thus allowing two separate copies 83of the program to be configured differently (e.g. to boot different 84netbsd or netbsd.test, or to boot from two different drives). 85.Pp 86One option that may be specified is a boot to single-user mode. This 87stops the boot process very early on and allows system maintenance. 88If one wishes to provide some security at this phase of the boot, remove 89the 90.Ql secure 91option from ttye0 in the 92.Xr ttys 5 93file. 94.Pp 95Another useful option that may be specified is the "serial console" 96option. This will allow a serial device (terminal or computer) to 97act as a console for the system. This device must be configured to 98use 9600 baud, eight bits, no parity, and one stop bit (9600-N81). 99Either the printer port or the modem port (tty01 and tty00, 100respectively) may be used for this. 101.Pp 102It is sometimes useful to boot a kernel that resides in a folder 103in native OS rather than from the usual location in the 104.Nx 105file system. A radio button is supplied for this purpose. Note that 106some programs will not run properly if the kernel is not found as 107.Ar /netbsd 108within the 109.Nx 110file system. 111.Sh FILES 112.Bl -tag -width /netbsd -compact 113.It Pa /netbsd 114system kernel 115.El 116.Sh SEE ALSO 117.Xr ddb 4 , 118.Xr ttys 5 , 119.Xr savecore 8 , 120.Xr shutdown 8 121