xref: /netbsd-src/share/man/man8/MAKEDEV.8 (revision 4e6df137e8e14049b5a701d249962c480449c141) 
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9.\" $NetBSD: MAKEDEV.8,v 1.37 2009/10/27 08:55:44 hubertf Exp $
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38.Dd October 27, 2009
39.Dt MAKEDEV 8
40.Os
41.Sh NAME
42.Nm MAKEDEV
43.Nd create system and device special files
44.Sh SYNOPSIS
45.\" Please keep this in sync with MAKEDEV.local.8
46.Nm
47.Op Fl fMs
48.Op Fl m Ar mknod
49.Op Fl p Ar pax
50.Op Fl t Ar mtree
51.Bro Ar special | device Brc Op Ar ...
52.Sh DESCRIPTION
53.Nm
54is used to create system and device special files.
55As arguments it takes the names of known devices, like
56.Ar sd0 ,
57or of special targets, like
58.Pa all
59or
60.Pa std ,
61which create a collection of device special files,
62or
63.Pa local ,
64which invokes
65.Xr MAKEDEV.local 8
66with the
67.Pa all
68argument.
69.Pp
70The script is in
71.Pa /dev/MAKEDEV .
72Devices are created in the current working directory;
73in normal use,
74.Nm
75should be invoked with
76.Pa /dev
77as the current working directory.
78.Pp
79Supported options are:
80.Bl -tag -width XmXmknodXX
81.It Fl f
82Force permissions to be updated on existing devices.
83This works only if
84.Nm
85invokes
86.Xr mknod 8 ;
87it is not compatible with the
88.Fl p ,
89.Fl s ,
90or
91.Fl t
92options.
93.It Fl M
94Create a memory file system, union mounted over the current directory,
95to contain the device special files.
96The memory file system is created using
97.Xr mount_tmpfs 8
98or
99.Xr mount_mfs 8 ,
100in that order of preference.
101.Pp
102If the
103.Fl M
104flag is specified more than once, then
105.Nm
106assumes that it is being invoked from
107.Xr init 8
108to populate a memory file system for
109.Pa /dev .
110In this case,
111.Nm
112will also redirect its output to the system console.
113.It Fl m Ar mknod
114Force the use of
115.Xr mknod 8 ,
116and specify the name or path to the
117.Xr mknod 8
118program.
119[Usually, $TOOL_MKNOD or mknod.]
120.It Fl p Ar pax
121Force the use of
122.Xr pax 1 ,
123and specify the name or path to the
124.Xr pax 1
125program.
126[Usually, $TOOL_PAX or pax.]
127.It Fl s
128Generate an
129.Xr mtree 8
130specfile instead of creating devices.
131.It Fl t Ar mtree
132Force the use of
133.Xr mtree 8 ,
134and specify the name or path to the
135.Xr mtree 8
136program.
137[Usually, $TOOL_MTREE or mtree.]
138.El
139.Pp
140.Nm
141has several possible methods of creating device nodes:
142.Bl -bullet
143.It
144By invoking the
145.Xr mknod 8
146command once for each device node.
147This is the traditional method, but it is slow because each device node
148is created using a new process.
149.Pp
150The
151.Fl m
152option forces
153.Nm
154to use the
155.Xr mknod 8
156method.
157.It
158By internally creating a specfile in a format usable by
159.Xr mtree 8 ,
160and providing the specfile on standard input to a
161.Xr pax 1
162or
163.Xr mtree 8
164command, invoked with options that request it to create the device nodes
165as well as any necessary subdirectories.
166This is much faster than creating device nodes with
167.Xr mknod 8 ,
168because it requires much fewer processes;
169however, it's not compatible with the
170.Fl f
171option.
172.Pp
173The
174.Fl p
175or
176.Fl t
177options force
178.Nm
179to use the
180.Xr pax 1
181or
182.Xr mtree 8
183methods.
184.It
185If the
186.Fl s
187option is specified, then
188.Nm
189will not create device nodes at all, but will output
190a specfile in a format usable by
191.Xr mtree 8 .
192.El
193.Pp
194The
195.Fl m , Fl p , Fl s ,
196and
197.Fl t
198flags are mutually exclusive.
199If none of these flags is specified, then
200.Nm
201will use
202.Xr mtree 8 ,
203.Xr pax 1 ,
204or
205.Xr mknod 8 ,
206in that order of preference, depending on which commands
207appear to be available and usable.
208In normal use, it's expected that
209.Xr mtree 8
210will be available, so it will be chosen.
211If
212.Nm
213is invoked by
214.Xr init 8 ,
215it's expected that
216.Xr mtree 8
217will not be available, but
218.Xr pax 1
219may be available.
220.Pp
221The special targets supported on
222.Nx
223are:
224.Pp
225.\" @@@SPECIAL@@@
226.Bl -tag -width 01234567 -compact
227.It Ar all
228Makes all known devices, including local devices. Tries to make the 'standard' number of each type.
229.It Ar init
230A set of devices that is used for MFS /dev by init. May be equal to ``all''.
231.It Ar floppy
232Devices to be put on install floppies
233.It Ar ramdisk
234Devices to be put into INSTALL kernel ramdisks.
235.It Ar std
236Standard devices
237.It Ar local
238Configuration specific devices
239.It Ar wscons
240Make wscons devices
241.It Ar usbs
242Make USB devices
243.It Ar isdns
244Make ISDN devices
245.El
246.Pp
247Please note that any hash marks
248.Pq Dq #
249in the following list of supported device targets must be replaced by
250digits when calling
251.Nm :
252.Pp
253.\" @@@DEVICES@@@
254.Bl -tag -width 01
255.It Tapes :
256. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
257. It Ar st#
258SCSI tapes, see
259.Xr \&st 4
260. It Ar wt#
261QIC-interfaced (e.g. not SCSI) 3M cartridge tape, see
262.Xr \&wt 4
263. It Ar ht#
264MASSBUS TM03 and TU??, see
265.Xr \&vax/ht 4
266. It Ar mt#
267MSCP tapes (e.g. TU81, TK50), see
268.Xr \&vax/mt 4
269. It Ar tm#
270UNIBUS TM11 and TE10 emulations (e.g. Emulex TC-11), see
271.Xr \&vax/tm 4
272. It Ar ts#
273UNIBUS TS11, see
274.Xr \&vax/ts 4
275. It Ar ut#
276UNIBUS TU45 emulations (e.g. si 9700), see
277.Xr \&vax/ut 4
278. It Ar uu#
279TU58 cassettes on DL11 controller, see
280.Xr \&vax/uu 4
281. El
282.It Disks :
283. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
284. It Ar ccd#
285Concatenated disk devices, see
286.Xr \&ccd 4
287. It Ar cd#
288SCSI or ATAPI CD-ROM, see
289.Xr \&cd 4
290. It Ar cgd#
291Cryptographic disk devices, see
292.Xr \&cgd 4
293. It Ar raid#
294RAIDframe disk devices, see
295.Xr \&raid 4
296. It Ar sd#
297SCSI disks, see
298.Xr \&sd 4
299. It Ar wd#
300``winchester'' disk drives (ST506,IDE,ESDI,RLL,...), see
301.Xr \&wd 4
302. It Ar bmd#
303Nereid bank memory disks, see
304.Xr \&x68k/bmd 4
305. It Ar ed#
306IBM PS/2 ESDI disk devices, see
307.Xr \&edc 4
308. It Ar fd#
309``floppy'' disk drives (3 1/2", 5 1/4"), see
310.Xr \&amiga/fdc 4 ,
311.Xr \&i386/fdc 4 ,
312.Xr \&sparc64/fdc 4
313. It Ar fss#
314Files system snapshot devices, see
315.Xr \&fss 4
316. It Ar gdrom#
317Dreamcast ``gigadisc'' CD-ROM drive, see
318.Xr \&dreamcast/gdrom 4
319. It Ar hk#
320UNIBUS RK06 and RK07, see
321.Xr \&vax/hk 4
322. It Ar hp#
323MASSBUS RM??, see
324.Xr \&vax/hp 4
325. It Ar ld#
326Logical disk devices (e.g., hardware RAID), see
327.Xr \&ld 4
328. It Ar mcd#
329Mitsumi CD-ROM, see
330.Xr \&mcd 4
331. It Ar md#
332Memory pseudo-disk devices, see
333.Xr \&md 4
334. It Ar ofdisk#
335OpenFirmware disk devices
336. It Ar ra#
337MSCP disks (RA??, RD??)
338. It Ar rb#
339730 IDC w/ RB80 and/or RB02
340. It Ar rd#
341HDC9224 RD disks on VS2000, see
342.Xr \&hp300/rd 4
343. It Ar rl#
344UNIBUS RL02, see
345.Xr \&vax/rl 4
346. It Ar rx#
347MSCP floppy disk (RX33/50/...)
348. It Ar up#
349Other UNIBUS devices (e.g. on Emulex SC-21V controller), see
350.Xr \&vax/up 4
351. It Ar vnd#
352``file'' pseudo-disks, see
353.Xr \&vnd 4
354. It Ar xbd#
355Xen virtual disks
356. It Ar xd#
357Xylogic 753/7053 disks, see
358.Xr \&sparc/xd 4
359. It Ar xy#
360Xylogic 450/451 disks, see
361.Xr \&sparc/xy 4
362. El
363.It Pointing devices :
364. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
365. It Ar wsmouse#
366wscons mouse events, see
367.Xr \&wsmouse 4
368. It Ar lms#
369Logitech bus mouse, see
370.Xr \&i386/lms 4
371. It Ar mms#
372Microsoft bus mouse, see
373.Xr \&dreamcast/mms 4 ,
374.Xr \&i386/mms 4
375. It Ar qms#
376``quadrature mouse'', see
377.Xr \&acorn32/qms 4
378. It Ar pms#
379PS/2 mouse
380. It Ar mouse
381Mouse (provides events, for X11)
382. El
383.It Keyboard devices :
384. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
385. It Ar wskbd#
386wscons keyboard events, see
387.Xr \&wskbd 4
388. It Ar kbd
389Raw keyboard (provides events, for X11), see
390.Xr \&sparc/kbd 4 ,
391.Xr \&sun2/kbd 4 ,
392.Xr \&sun3/kbd 4
393. It Ar kbdctl
394Keyboard control
395. El
396.It Terminals/Console ports :
397. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
398. It Ar tty[01]#
399Standard serial ports, see
400.Xr \&tty 4
401. It Ar tty0#
402SB1250 (``sbscn'') serial ports (sbmips), see
403.Xr \&tty 4
404. It Ar ttyE#
405wscons - Workstation console (``wscons'') glass-tty emulators
406. It Ar ttyCZ?
407Cyclades-Z multiport serial boards. Each ``unit'' makes 64 ports., see
408.Xr \&cz 4
409. It Ar ttyCY?
410Cyclom-Y multiport serial boards. Each ``unit'' makes 32 ports., see
411.Xr \&cy 4
412. It Ar ttye#
413ITE bitmapped consoles, see
414.Xr \&amiga/ite 4 ,
415.Xr \&hp300/ite 4
416. It Ar ttyv0
417pccons
418. It Ar ttyC?
419NS16550 (``com'') serial ports
420. It Ar ttyS#
421SA1110 serial port (hpcarm)
422. It Ar ttyTX?
423TX39 internal serial ports (hpcmips)
424. It Ar ttyB?
425DEC 3000 ZS8530 (``scc'') serial ports (alpha), see
426.Xr \&scc 4
427. It Ar ttyA#
428Mfc serial ports (amiga)
429. It Ar ttyB#
430Msc serial ports (amiga)
431. It Ar ttyC#
432Com style serial ports (DraCo, HyperCom) (amiga) On the DraCo, units 0 and 1 are the built-in ``modem'' and ``mouse'' ports, if configured.
433. It Ar ttyA0
4348530 Channel A (formerly ser02) (atari)
435. It Ar ttyA1
4368530 Channel B (formerly mdm02) (atari)
437. It Ar ttyB0
438UART on first 68901 (formerly mdm01) (atari)
439. It Ar ixpcom
440IXP12x0 COM ports
441. It Ar epcom
442EP93xx COM ports
443. It Ar ttyM?
444HP200/300 4 port serial mux interface (hp300)
445. It Ar ttya
446``ttya'' system console (luna68k)
447. It Ar ttyb
448Second system serial port (luna68k)
449. It Ar tty#
450Onboard serial ports (mvme68k) On the mvme147 these are: ttyZ1, ttyZ2 and ttyZ3. On the mvme167, and '177: ttyC1, ttyC2 and ttyC3. Note that tty[CZ]0 is grabbed by the console device so is not created by default, see
451.Xr \&tty 4
452. It Ar dc#
453PMAX 4 channel serial interface (kbd, mouse, modem, printer)
454. It Ar scc#
45582530 serial interface (pmax), see
456.Xr \&scc 4
457. It Ar ttyZ#
458Zilog 8530 (``zstty'') serial ports, see
459.Xr \&zstty 4
460. It Ar tty[abcd]
461Built-in serial ports (sparc)
462. It Ar tty#
463Z88530 serial controllers (sparc64), see
464.Xr \&tty 4
465. It Ar ttyh#
466SAB82532 serial controllers (sparc64), see
467.Xr \&sparc64/sab 4
468. It Ar tty[a-j]
469Built-in serial ports (sun2, sun3)
470. It Ar ttyC?
471pccons (arc)
472. It Ar dz#
473UNIBUS DZ11 and DZ32 (vax), see
474.Xr \&vax/dz 4
475. It Ar dh#
476UNIBUS DH11 and emulations (e.g. Able DMAX, Emulex CS-11) (vax), see
477.Xr \&vax/dh 4
478. It Ar dmf#
479UNIBUS DMF32 (vax), see
480.Xr \&vax/dmf 4
481. It Ar dhu#
482UNIBUS DHU11 (vax), see
483.Xr \&vax/dhu 4
484. It Ar dmz#
485UNIBUS DMZ32 (vax), see
486.Xr \&vax/dmz 4
487. It Ar dl#
488UNIBUS DL11 (vax), see
489.Xr \&vax/dl 4
490. It Ar xencons
491Xen virtual console
492. El
493.It Terminal multiplexors :
494. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
495. It Ar dc#
4964 channel serial interface (keyboard, mouse, modem, printer)
497. It Ar dh#
498UNIBUS DH11 and emulations (e.g. Able DMAX, Emulex CS-11), see
499.Xr \&vax/dh 4
500. It Ar dhu#
501UNIBUS DHU11, see
502.Xr \&vax/dhu 4
503. It Ar dl#
504UNIBUS DL11, see
505.Xr \&vax/dl 4
506. It Ar dmf#
507UNIBUS DMF32, see
508.Xr \&vax/dmf 4
509. It Ar dmz#
510UNIBUS DMZ32, see
511.Xr \&vax/dmz 4
512. It Ar dz#
513UNIBUS DZ11 and DZ32, see
514.Xr \&vax/dz 4
515. It Ar scc#
51682530 serial interface, see
517.Xr \&scc 4
518. El
519.It Call units :
520. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
521. It Ar dn#
522UNIBUS DN11 and emulations (e.g. Able Quadracall), see
523.Xr \&vax/dn 4
524. El
525.It Pseudo terminals :
526. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
527. It Ar ptm
528Pty multiplexor device, and pts directory, see
529.Xr \&ptm 4
530. It Ar pty#
531Set of 16 master and slave pseudo terminals, see
532.Xr \&pty 4
533. It Ar opty
534First 16 ptys, to save inodes on install media
535. It Ar ipty
536First 2 ptys, for install media use only
537. El
538.It Printers :
539. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
540. It Ar arcpp#
541Archimedes parallel port
542. It Ar lpt#
543Stock lp, see
544.Xr \&lpt 4 ,
545.Xr \&acorn32/lpt 4 ,
546.Xr \&i386/lpt 4 ,
547.Xr \&mvme68k/lpt 4
548. It Ar lpa#
549Interruptless lp
550. It Ar par#
551Amiga motherboard parallel port
552. It Ar cpi#
553Macintosh Nubus CSI parallel printer card, see
554.Xr \&mac68k/cpi 4
555. El
556.It USB devices :
557. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
558. It Ar usb#
559USB control devices, see
560.Xr \&usb 4
561. It Ar uhid#
562USB generic HID devices, see
563.Xr \&uhid 4
564. It Ar ulpt#
565USB printer devices, see
566.Xr \&ulpt 4
567. It Ar ugen#
568USB generic devices, see
569.Xr \&ugen 4
570. It Ar urio#
571USB Diamond Rio 500 devices, see
572.Xr \&urio 4
573. It Ar uscanner#
574USB scanners, see
575.Xr \&uscanner 4
576. It Ar ttyU#
577USB modems, see
578.Xr \&ucom 4
579. It Ar ttyY#
580USB serial adapters
581. El
582.It ISDN devices :
583. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
584. It Ar isdn
585Communication between userland isdnd and kernel, see
586.Xr \&isdn 4
587. It Ar isdnctl
588Control device, see
589.Xr \&isdnctl 4
590. It Ar isdnbchan#
591Raw b-channel access, see
592.Xr \&isdnbchan 4
593. It Ar isdntel#
594Telephony device, see
595.Xr \&isdntel 4
596. It Ar isdnteld#
597Telephony dialout device
598. It Ar isdntrc#
599Trace device, see
600.Xr \&isdntrc 4
601. El
602.It Video devices :
603. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
604. It Ar bwtwo#
605Monochromatic frame buffer, see
606.Xr \&sparc/bwtwo 4 ,
607.Xr \&sun2/bwtwo 4 ,
608.Xr \&sun3/bwtwo 4
609. It Ar cgtwo#
6108-bit color frame buffer, see
611.Xr \&sparc/cgtwo 4 ,
612.Xr \&sun3/cgtwo 4
613. It Ar cgthree#
6148-bit color frame buffer, see
615.Xr \&sparc/cgthree 4
616. It Ar cgfour#
6178-bit color frame buffer, see
618.Xr \&sparc/cgfour 4 ,
619.Xr \&sun3/cgfour 4
620. It Ar cgsix#
621Accelerated 8-bit color frame buffer, see
622.Xr \&sparc/cgsix 4
623. It Ar cgeight#
62424-bit color frame buffer, see
625.Xr \&sparc/cgeight 4
626. It Ar etvme
627Tseng et-compatible cards on VME (atari)
628. It Ar ik#
629UNIBUS interface to Ikonas frame buffer, see
630.Xr \&vax/ik 4
631. It Ar leo
632Circad Leonardo VME-bus true color (atari)
633. It Ar ps#
634UNIBUS interface to Picture System 2, see
635.Xr \&vax/ps 4
636. It Ar qv#
637QVSS (MicroVAX) display
638. It Ar tcx#
639Accelerated 8/24-bit color frame buffer, see
640.Xr \&sparc/tcx 4
641. El
642.It Maple bus devices :
643. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
644. It Ar maple
645Maple bus control devices, see
646.Xr \&dreamcast/maple 4
647. It Ar mlcd#
648Maple bus LCD devices, see
649.Xr \&dreamcast/mlcd 4
650. It Ar mmem#
651Maple bus storage devices, see
652.Xr \&dreamcast/mmem 4
653. El
654.It IEEE1394 bus devices :
655. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
656. It Ar fw#
657IEEE1394 bus generic node access devices
658. It Ar fwmem#
659IEEE1394 bus physical memory of the remote node access devices
660. El
661.It Special purpose devices :
662. Bl -tag -width 0123456789 -compact
663. It Ar ad#
664UNIBUS interface to Data Translation A/D converter, see
665.Xr \&vax/ad 4
666. It Ar agp#
667AGP GART devices, see
668.Xr \&agp 4
669. It Ar altq
670ALTQ control interface
671. It Ar amr#
672AMI MegaRaid control device, see
673.Xr \&amr 4
674. It Ar apm
675Power management device, see
676.Xr \&i386/apm 4
677. It Ar audio#
678Audio devices, see
679.Xr \&audio 4
680. It Ar bell#
681OPM bell device (x68k)
682. It Ar bktr
683Brooktree 848/849/878/879 based TV cards, see
684.Xr \&bktr 4
685. It Ar bpf
686Packet filter, see
687.Xr \&bpf 4
688. It Ar bthub
689Bluetooth Device Hub control interface, see
690.Xr \&bthub 4
691. It Ar cfs#
692Coda file system device
693. It Ar ch#
694SCSI media changer, see
695.Xr \&ch 4
696. It Ar cir#
697Consumer IR, see
698.Xr \&cir 4
699. It Ar clockctl
700Clock control for non root users, see
701.Xr \&clockctl 4
702. It Ar cpuctl
703CPU control
704. It Ar crypto
705Hardware crypto access driver, see
706.Xr \&crypto 4
707. It Ar dmoverio
708Hardware-assisted data movers, see
709.Xr \&dmoverio 4
710. It Ar dpt#
711DPT/Adaptec EATA RAID management interface, see
712.Xr \&dpt 4
713. It Ar dpti#
714DPT/Adaptec I2O RAID management interface, see
715.Xr \&dpti 4
716. It Ar drm#
717Direct Rendering Manager interface, see
718.Xr \&drm 4
719. It Ar fb#
720PMAX generic framebuffer pseudo-device
721. It Ar fd
722File descriptors
723. It Ar grf#
724Graphics frame buffer device, see
725.Xr \&amiga/grf 4 ,
726.Xr \&hp300/grf 4
727. It Ar hdaudio#
728High Definition audio control device, see
729.Xr \&hdaudio 4
730. It Ar hil
731HP300 HIL input devices, see
732.Xr \&hp300/hil 4
733. It Ar icp
734ICP-Vortex/Intel RAID control interface, see
735.Xr \&icp 4
736. It Ar iic#
737IIC bus device, see
738.Xr \&iic 4
739. It Ar io
740X86 IOPL access for COMPAT_10, COMPAT_FREEBSD, see
741.Xr \&hp700/io 4 ,
742.Xr \&i386/io 4
743. It Ar iop#
744I2O IOP control interface, see
745.Xr \&iop 4
746. It Ar ipl
747IP Filter
748. It Ar irframe#
749IrDA physical frame, see
750.Xr \&irframe 4
751. It Ar ite#
752Terminal emulator interface to HP300 graphics devices, see
753.Xr \&amiga/ite 4 ,
754.Xr \&hp300/ite 4
755. It Ar joy#
756Joystick device, see
757.Xr \&joy 4
758. It Ar kttcp
759Kernel ttcp helper device, see
760.Xr \&kttcp 4
761. It Ar lockstat
762Kernel locking statistics
763. It Ar magma#
764Magma multiport serial/parallel cards, see
765.Xr \&sparc/magma 4
766. It Ar midi#
767MIDI, see
768.Xr \&midi 4
769. It Ar mlx#
770Mylex DAC960 control interface, see
771.Xr \&mlx 4
772. It Ar mly#
773Mylex AcceleRAID/eXtremeRAID control interface, see
774.Xr \&mly 4
775. It Ar np#
776UNIBUS Ethernet co-processor interface, for downloading., see
777.Xr \&vax/np 4
778. It Ar nsmb#
779SMB requester, see
780.Xr \&nsmb 4
781. It Ar openfirm
782OpenFirmware accessor
783. It Ar pad#
784Pseudo-audio device driver, see
785.Xr \&pad 4
786. It Ar pci#
787PCI bus access devices, see
788.Xr \&pci 4
789. It Ar pf
790PF packet filter
791. It Ar pow#
792Power management device (x68k), see
793.Xr \&x68k/pow 4
794. It Ar putter
795Pass-to-Userspace Transporter
796. It Ar px#
797PixelStamp Xserver access, see
798.Xr \&px 4
799. It Ar radio#
800Radio devices, see
801.Xr \&radio 4
802. It Ar random
803Random number generator, see
804.Xr \&rnd 4
805. It Ar rtc#
806RealTimeClock, see
807.Xr \&atari/rtc 4 ,
808.Xr \&evbppc/rtc 4 ,
809.Xr \&hp300/rtc 4
810. It Ar satlink#
811PlanetConnect satellite receiver driver
812. It Ar scsibus#
813SCSI busses, see
814.Xr \&scsi 4
815. It Ar se#
816SCSI Ethernet, see
817.Xr \&se 4
818. It Ar ses#
819SES/SAF-TE SCSI Devices, see
820.Xr \&ses 4
821. It Ar speaker
822PC speaker, see
823.Xr \&speaker 4
824. It Ar sram
825Battery backuped memory (x68k)
826. It Ar ss#
827SCSI scanner, see
828.Xr \&ss 4
829. It Ar stic#
830PixelStamp interface chip
831. It Ar sysmon
832System Monitoring hardware, see
833.Xr \&envsys 4
834. It Ar tap#
835Virtual Ethernet device, see
836.Xr \&tap 4
837. It Ar tun#
838Network tunnel driver, see
839.Xr \&tun 4
840. It Ar twa
8413ware Apache control interface, see
842.Xr \&twa 4
843. It Ar twe
8443ware Escalade control interface, see
845.Xr \&twe 4
846. It Ar uk#
847Unknown SCSI device, see
848.Xr \&uk 4
849. It Ar veriexec
850Veriexec fingerprint loader, see
851.Xr \&veriexec 4
852. It Ar video#
853Video capture devices, see
854.Xr \&video 4
855. It Ar view#
856Generic interface to graphic displays (Amiga)
857. It Ar vmegen#
858Generic VME access
859. It Ar wsfont#
860Console font control, see
861.Xr \&wsfont 4
862. It Ar wsmux#
863wscons event multiplexor, see
864.Xr \&wsmux 4
865. It Ar xenevt
866Xen event interface
867. El
868.El
869.Sh ENVIRONMENT
870The following environment variables affect the execution of
871.Nm :
872.Pp
873.Bl -tag -width indent
874.It Ev MAKEDEV_AS_LIBRARY
875If this is set, then
876.Nm
877will define several shell functions and then return,
878ignoring all its command line options and arguments.
879This is used to enable
880.Xr MAKEDEV.local 8
881to use the shell functions defined in
882.Nm .
883.El
884.Sh FILES
885.Bl -tag -width "/dev/MAKEDEV.local" -compact
886.It Pa /dev
887special device files directory
888.It Pa /dev/MAKEDEV
889script described in this man page
890.It Pa /dev/MAKEDEV.local
891script for site-specific devices
892.El
893.Sh DIAGNOSTICS
894If the script reports an error that is difficult to understand,
895you can get more debugging output by using
896.Dl Ic sh Fl x Ar MAKEDEV Ar argument .
897.Sh SEE ALSO
898.Xr config 1 ,
899.Xr pax 1 ,
900.Xr intro 4 ,
901.Xr diskless 8 ,
902.Xr init 8 ,
903.Xr MAKEDEV.local 8 ,
904.Xr mknod 8 ,
905.Xr mount_mfs 8 ,
906.Xr mount_tmpfs 8 ,
907.Xr mtree 8
908.Sh HISTORY
909The
910.Nm
911command appeared in
912.Bx 4.2 .
913The
914.Fl f ,
915.Fl m ,
916and
917.Fl s
918options were added in
919.Nx 2.0 .
920The
921.Fl p ,
922.Fl t ,
923and
924.Fl M
925options were added in
926.Nx 5.0 .
927The ability to be used as a function library was added in
928.Nx 5.0 .
929.Sh BUGS
930The
931.Fl f
932option is not compatible with the use of
933.Xr mtree 8
934or
935.Xr pax 1 .
936.Sh NOTES
937Not all devices listed in this manpage are supported on all platforms.
938.Pp
939This man page is generated automatically from the same sources
940as
941.Pa /dev/MAKEDEV ,
942in which the device files are not always sorted, which may result
943in an unusual (non-alphabetical) order.
944.Pp
945In order to allow a diskless
946.Nx
947client to obtain its
948.Pa /dev
949directory from a file server running a foreign operating system,
950one of the following techniques may be useful to populate
951a directory of device nodes on the foreign server:
952.Bl -bullet
953.It
954If the foreign server is sufficiently similar to
955.Nx ,
956run
957.Nm
958in an appropriate directory of the foreign server,
959using the
960.Fl m
961flag to refer to a script that converts from command line
962arguments that would be usable with the
963.Nx
964.Xr mknod 8
965command to the equivalent commands for the foreign server.
966.It
967Run
968.Nm
969with the
970.Fl s
971flag to generate an
972.Xr mtree 8
973specification file; this can be done on any host with a
974POSIX-compliant shell and a few widely-available utilities.
975Use the
976.Xr pax 1
977command with the
978.Fl w Fl M
979flags to convert the
980.Xr mtree 8
981specification file into an archive
982in a format that supports device nodes
983(such as
984.Ar ustar
985format);
986this can be done on a
987.Nx
988host, or can be done in a cross-build environment using
989.Sy TOOLDIR Ns Pa /bin/nbpax .
990Finally, use apropriate tools on the foreign server
991to unpack the archive and create the device nodes.
992.El
993