1.\" $NetBSD: hier.7,v 1.128 2018/01/24 09:04:42 skrll Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 15.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 16.\" without specific prior written permission. 17.\" 18.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 19.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 20.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 21.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 22.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 23.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 24.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 25.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 26.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 27.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 28.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 29.\" 30.\" @(#)hier.7 8.5 (Berkeley) 6/1/94 31.\" 32.Dd January 8, 2018 33.Dt HIER 7 34.Os 35.Sh NAME 36.Nm hier 37.Nd layout of file systems 38.Sh DESCRIPTION 39An outline of the file system hierarchy. 40.Pp 41Naming is very important. 42The 43.Ux 44System relies on filename conventions for much of its power as a system. 45The following file system layout describes generally where things are 46and what they are, with references to other man pages for more detailed 47documentation. 48.Pp 49Not all files will be in every system. 50.Bl -tag -width "/altroot/" 51.It Pa \&/ 52Root directory of the system. 53.It Pa /COPYRIGHT 54System copyright notice, most often put on CD-ROM distributions. 55.It Pa "/[a-z]/" 56User file systems. 57.It Pa /altroot/ 58Alternate root file system, in case of disaster. 59.\" .It Pa /amd/ 60.\" Home directories mount point; see 61.\" .Xr amd 8 . 62.It Pa /bin/ 63Utilities used in both single and multi-user environments. 64.It Pa /boot* 65Second-stage boot loader(s) for some platforms; see 66.Xr installboot 8 . 67.It Pa /cdrom/ 68Empty directory commonly used by 69system administrators as a temporary mount point for ISO-9660 file 70systems on CD (or DVD) media. 71.It Pa /dev/ 72Block, character, and other special device files. 73.Pp 74.Bl -tag -width "MAKEDEV" -compact 75.It Pa MAKEDEV 76Script for creating device files; 77see 78.Xr makedev 8 . 79.It Pa console 80The computer's console device. 81.It Pa drum 82The computer's swap space device; see 83.Xr drum 4 . 84.It Pa fd/ 85File descriptor files; 86see 87.Xr fd 4 . 88.It Pa klog 89Kernel logging device; see 90.Xr syslog 3 . 91.It Pa kmem 92Kernel virtual memory device; see 93.Xr mem 4 . 94.It Pa log 95.Ux 96domain datagram log socket; see 97.Xr syslogd 8 . 98.It Pa mem 99Kernel physical memory device; see 100.Xr mem 4 . 101.It Pa null 102The null device; see 103.Xr null 4 . 104.It Pa pts/ 105Mount point for the pseudo-terminal device file system; see 106.Xr mount_ptyfs 8 . 107.It Pa stderr 108.It Pa stdin 109.It Pa stdout 110File descriptor files; 111see 112.Xr fd 4 . 113.It Pa tty 114Device pointing to each process's own controlling terminal; see 115.Xr tty 4 . 116.It Pa zero 117The zero device; see 118.Xr zero 4 . 119.El 120.\" .It Pa /dump/ 121.\" Online 122.\" .Xr dump 8 123.\" repository. 124.It Pa /etc/ 125System configuration files and scripts. 126.Pp 127.Bl -tag -width "master.passwd" -compact 128.It Pa amd* 129Configuration files for 130.Xr amd 8 . 131.It Pa changelist 132Files backed up by the 133.Pa security 134script. 135.It Pa crontab 136Schedule used by the 137.Xr cron 8 138daemon. 139.It Pa csh.cshrc 140.It Pa csh.login 141.It Pa csh.logout 142System-wide scripts for 143.Xr csh 1 . 144.It Pa daily 145Script run each day by 146.Xr cron 8 . 147.It Pa daily.conf 148Configuration file for 149.Pa daily ; 150see 151.Xr daily.conf 5 . 152.It Pa defaults/ 153Default configuration files read by various 154.Pa /etc/*.conf 155files. 156.It Pa disktab 157Disk description file; see 158.Xr disktab 5 . 159.It Pa dm.conf 160Dungeon master configuration; see 161.Xr dm.conf 5 . 162.It Pa dumpdates 163Dump history; see 164.Xr dump 8 . 165.It Pa exports 166File system export information; see 167.Xr mountd 8 . 168.It Pa fstab 169File system mounting table; see 170.Xr fstab 5 171and 172.Xr mount 8 . 173.It Pa ftpusers 174Users denied 175.Xr ftp 1 176access; see 177.Xr ftpd 8 . 178.It Pa ftpwelcome 179.Xr ftp 1 180initial message; see 181.Xr ftpd 8 . 182.It Pa gettytab 183Terminal configuration database; see 184.Xr gettytab 5 . 185.It Pa group 186Group permissions file; see 187.Xr group 5 . 188.It Pa hosts 189Host name database backup for 190.Xr named 8 ; 191see 192.Xr hosts 5 . 193.It Pa hosts.equiv 194Trusted machines with equivalent user IDs. 195(Obsolete.) 196.It Pa hosts.lpd 197Trusted machines with printing privileges. 198.It Pa inetd.conf 199Internet server configuration file; see 200.Xr inetd 8 . 201.It Pa kerberosV/ 202Configuration files for Kerberos version V; 203see 204.Xr kerberos 8 . 205.It Pa localtime 206Local time zone; 207see 208.Xr ctime 3 . 209.It Pa login.conf 210Configuration of user classes and limits; see 211.Xr login.conf 5 . 212.It Pa mail/ 213Configuration files for 214.Xr sendmail 1 . 215.Pp 216.Bl -tag -width "sendmail.*" -compact 217.It Pa aliases* 218Username alias files. 219.It Pa sendmail.* 220.Xr sendmail 1 221configuration information. 222.El 223.It Pa mail.rc 224System-wide initialization script for 225.Xr mail 1 . 226.It Pa man.conf 227Configuration file for 228.Xr man 1 ; 229see 230.Xr man.conf 5 . 231.It Pa master.passwd 232Main password file, readable only by root; see 233.Xr passwd 5 . 234.It Pa mk.conf 235Optional file containing 236.Xr make 1 237variables, used to configure pkgsrc and the system sources. 238.It Pa monthly 239Script run each month by 240.Xr cron 8 . 241.It Pa monthly.conf 242Configuration file for 243.Pa monthly ; 244see 245.Xr monthly.conf 5 . 246.It Pa motd 247System message of the day. 248.It Pa mtree/ 249.Xr mtree 8 250configuration files. 251.It Pa named.* 252.It Pa namedb/ 253.Xr named 8 254configuration files and databases. 255.It Pa netgroup 256Network groups; see 257.Xr netgroup 5 . 258.It Pa netstart 259Network startup script . 260.It Pa networks 261Network name database; see 262.Xr networks 5 . 263.It Pa passwd 264World readable password file generated from master.passwd; see 265.Xr passwd 5 , 266.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 267.It Pa phones 268Remote host telephone number data base; see 269.Xr phones 5 . 270.It Pa printcap 271Printer configuration for 272.Xr lpr 1 ; 273see 274.Xr printcap 5 . 275.It Pa profile 276System-wide scripts for 277.Xr sh 1 . 278.It Pa protocols 279Protocol name database; see 280.Xr protocols 5 . 281.It Pa pwd.db 282Database form of passwd file; see 283.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 284.It Pa rc 285Master system startup script invoked by 286.Xr init 8 ; 287see 288.Xr rc 8 . 289.It Pa rc.conf 290Configuration file for system startup and shutdown scripts; see 291.Xr rc.conf 5 . 292.It Pa rc.d/ 293Directory containing per-subsystem startup and shutdown scripts; see 294.Xr rc 8 . 295.It Pa rc.local 296Locally editable system startup script. 297.It Pa rc.shutdown 298Master system shutdown script invoked by 299.Xr shutdown 8 ; 300see 301.Xr rc 8 . 302.It Pa remote 303Remote host description file; see 304.Xr remote 5 . 305.It Pa security 306Daily (in)security script run by 307.Xr cron 8 . 308.It Pa security.conf 309Configuration file for 310.Pa security ; 311see 312.Xr security.conf 5 . 313.It Pa services 314Service name data base; see 315.Xr services 5 . 316.It Pa shells 317List of permitted shells; see 318.Xr shells 5 . 319.It Pa skel/ 320Sample initialization files for new user accounts. 321.It Pa sliphome/ 322SLIP login/logout scripts; see 323.Xr sliplogin 8 . 324.It Pa spwd.db 325Database form of master.passwd file; see 326.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 327.It Pa syslog.conf 328.Xr syslogd 8 329Configuration file; see 330.Xr syslog.conf 5 . 331.It Pa ttyaction 332Login hooks for specific ttys, typically used to chown console 333devices. 334See 335.Xr ttyaction 5 . 336.It Pa ttys 337Terminal initialization information; see 338.Xr ttys 5 . 339.It Pa weekly 340Script run each week by 341.Xr cron 8 . 342.It Pa weekly.conf 343Configuration file for 344.Pa weekly ; 345see 346.Xr weekly.conf 5 . 347.El 348.It Pa /home/ 349Default location for user home directories. 350.It Pa /kern/ 351Mount point for the kern file system; see 352.Xr mount_kernfs 8 . 353.It Pa /lib/ 354Dynamic linked libraries used by dynamically linked programs 355that cannot rely upon 356.Pa /usr/lib/ 357being available, such as those in 358.Pa /bin/ 359and 360.Pa /sbin/ . 361.It Pa /libdata/ 362Non-executable files 363.Pq such as device firmware 364required at boot time, when 365.Pa /usr/libdata 366may not be available. 367.It Pa /libexec/ 368System utilities (such as the dynamic linker) required by programs 369and libraries that cannot rely upon 370.Pa /usr/libexec/ 371being available. 372.It Pa /mnt/ 373Empty directory commonly used by 374system administrators as a temporary mount point. 375.It Pa /net/ 376automounted NFS shares; 377see 378.Xr auto_master 5 379.It Pa /netbsd 380Kernel executable image (the operating system loaded into memory 381at boot time). 382.It Pa /proc/ 383Mount point for the process file system; see 384.Xr mount_procfs 8 . 385.It Pa /rescue/ 386Statically linked rescue tools, for use in system recovery. 387.It Pa /root/ 388Home directory for the super-user. 389.Pp 390.Bl -tag -width ".profile" -compact 391.It Pa \&.cshrc 392Super-user start-up file for 393.Xr csh 1 . 394.It Pa \&.login 395super-user start-up file for 396.Xr csh 1 . 397.It Pa \&.profile 398super-user start-up file for 399.Xr sh 1 . 400.It Pa \&.rhosts 401Super-user id mapping between machines. 402(Obsolete.) 403.El 404.It Pa /sbin/ 405System programs and administration utilities 406used in both single-user and multi-user environments. 407.It Pa /stand/ 408Programs used in a standalone environment, that is, things that run on 409bare hardware without a kernel. 410Currently kernel modules are also placed here, although this remains 411somewhat controversial and they may yet get moved. 412.It Pa /tmp/ 413Temporary files. 414The contents of 415.Pa /tmp 416are usually 417.Em not 418preserved across a system reboot. 419.It Pa /usr/ 420Contains the majority of the system utilities and files. 421.Pp 422.Bl -tag -width "libdata/" -compact 423.It Pa X11R6/ 424X11 files (for X11 revision 6). 425.It Pa X11R7/ 426X11 files (for X11 revision 7). 427.Pp 428.Bl -tag -width "include/" -compact 429.It Pa bin/ 430X11 binaries. 431.It Pa include/ 432X11 include files. 433.It Pa lib/ 434X11 libraries. 435.El 436.Pp 437.It Pa bin/ 438Common utilities, programming tools, and applications. 439.It Pa games/ 440The important stuff. 441.It Pa include/ 442Standard C (and extension) include files. 443.Pp 444.Bl -tag -width "protocols/" -compact 445.It Pa arpa/ 446Include files for Internet service protocols. 447.It Pa atf/ 448Include files for the Automated Testing Framework; see 449.Xr atf 7 . 450.It Pa g++/ 451Include files for the GNU C++ compiler. 452.It Pa machine/ 453Machine specific include files. 454.It Pa net/ 455Miscellaneous network include files. 456.It Pa netatalk/ 457C include files for AppleTalk protocols 458see 459.Xr atalk 4 . 460.It Pa netinet/ 461Include files for Internet standard protocols; see 462.Xr inet 4 . 463.It Pa netinet6/ 464Include files for Internet protocol version 6; see 465.Xr inet6 4 . 466.It Pa netkey/ 467Include files for secret key management, used for security protocols; see 468.Xr ipsec 4 . 469.It Pa netnatm/ 470C include files for native mode ATM. 471.It Pa nfs/ 472C include files for NFS (Network File System). 473.It Pa protocols/ 474C include files for Berkeley service protocols. 475.It Pa sys/ 476``System-level'' C include files. 477.It Pa ufs/ 478C include files for several mutually related file systems. 479(The `u' was originally for 480.Ux . ) 481.El 482.Pp 483.It Pa lib/ 484Archive, profiled, position independent archive, and shared libraries. 485.Pp 486.Bl -tag -width "lua/" -compact 487.It Pa lua/ 488.Bl -tag -width "5.3/" -compact 489.It Pa 5.3/ 490Lua 5.3 modules. 491.El 492.El 493.Pp 494.It Pa libdata/ 495Miscellaneous utility data files. 496.It Pa libexec/ 497System daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs). 498.Pp 499.It Pa mdec/ 500Boot blocks, etc. 501.It Pa obj/ 502Architecture-specific target tree produced by building the 503.Pa /usr/src 504tree; often a symbolic link or mounted file system. 505.It Pa pkg/ 506Installed third-party software packages. 507.Pp 508.Bl -tag -width "include/" -compact 509.It Pa bin/ 510Package binaries. 511.It Pa include/ 512Package include files. 513.It Pa lib/ 514Package libraries. 515.It Pa libdata/ 516Package data files. 517.It Pa libexec/ 518Package daemons. 519.It Pa sbin/ 520Package system utilities. 521.El 522.Pp 523.It Pa pkgsrc/ 524Build descriptions (packaging) for the 525.Nx 526package system. 527.Pp 528.Bl -tag -width "distfilesX" -compact 529.It Pa distfiles/ 530Downloaded upstream source archives. 531.It Pa packages/ 532Compiled binary packages. 533.El 534.Pp 535There are also several other subdirectories which contain packages of 536a certain category, e.g., archivers, graphics, ... 537.Pp 538.It Pa sbin/ 539System daemons and system utilities (normally executed by the super-user). 540.It Pa share/ 541Architecture-independent files, mostly text. 542.Pp 543.Bl -tag -width "calendar/" -compact 544.It Pa calendar/ 545A variety of calendar files; see 546.Xr calendar 1 . 547.It Pa dict/ 548Word lists; 549see 550.Xr look 1 551and 552.Xr spell 1 . 553.Pp 554.Bl -tag -width "special/" -compact 555.It Pa words 556Common words. 557.It Pa web2 558Words from Webster's Second International Dictionary. 559.It Pa papers/ 560Reference databases; 561see 562.Xr refer 1 . 563.It Pa special/ 564Custom word lists; 565see 566.Xr spell 1 . 567.El 568.Pp 569.It Pa doc/ 570Miscellaneous documentation. 571.It Pa games/ 572Data files used by various games. 573.It Pa i18n/ 574internationalization databases; see 575.Xr iconv 3 . 576.It Pa locale/ 577Locale databases and gettext message catalogs; see 578.Xr setlocale 3 579and 580.Xr gettext 3 . 581.It Pa man/ 582Manual pages. 583.It Pa me/ 584Macros for use with the 585.Xr me 7 586roff macro package. 587.It Pa misc/ 588Miscellaneous system-wide text files. 589.Pp 590.Bl -tag -width "terminfo.cdb" -compact 591.It Pa terminfo 592Terminal characteristics database; 593see 594.Xr terminfo 5 . 595.It Pa terminfo.cdb 596database form of terminfo file; see 597.Xr tic 1 . 598.El 599.Pp 600.It Pa mk/ 601Include files for 602.Xr make 1 . 603.It Pa ms/ 604Macros for use with the 605.Xr ms 7 606roff macro package. 607.It Pa nls/ 608Message catalogs; see 609.Xr catgets 3 . 610.It Pa tmac/ 611Text processing macros; 612see 613.Xr nroff 1 614and 615.Xr troff 1 . 616.It Pa zoneinfo/ 617Time zone database; 618see 619.Xr tzfile 5 . 620.El 621.It Pa tests/ 622Test programs; see 623.Xr tests 7 624for information on how to run them. 625.El 626.It Pa /usr/src/ 627.Nx 628and local source files. 629.Pp 630.Bl -tag -width "domestic/" -compact 631.It Pa bin/ 632Source for utilities/files in 633.Pa /bin . 634.It Pa common/ 635Sources shared between kernel and userland. 636.It Pa crypto/ 637Cryptographic source, which may have import or export restrictions. 638.It Pa dist/ 639Third-party 640.Sq virgin 641source code, referenced by other parts of the source tree. 642(Deprecated; use 643.Pa external/ 644instead.) 645.It Pa distrib/ 646Tools and data files for making 647.Nx 648releases and distributions. 649.It Pa doc/ 650Documentation about the source tree (i.e., about the tree, not about 651how to use the software in the tree.) 652.It Pa etc/ 653Source (usually example files) for files in 654.Pa /etc . 655.It Pa external/ 656Source for programs from external third parties 657(where 658.Nx 659is the not the primary maintainer), 660grouped by license, and then products per license. 661.Pp 662.Bl -tag -width "intel-fw-public/" -compact 663.It Pa apache2/ 664Apache 2.0 license. 665.It Pa bsd/ 666BSD (or equivalent) licensed software, 667possibly with the 668.Dq advertising clause . 669.It Pa cddl/ 670Common Development and Distribution License (the Sun license which is 671based on the Mozilla Public License version 1.1). 672.It Pa gpl2/ 673GNU Public License, version 2 (or earlier). 674.It Pa gpl3/ 675GNU Public License, version 3. 676.It Pa historical/ 677Lucent's old license. 678.It Pa ibm-public/ 679IBM's public license. 680.It Pa intel-fw-eula/ 681Intel firmware license with redistribution restricted to OEM. 682.It Pa intel-fw-public/ 683Intel firmware license permitting redistribution with 684terms similar to BSD licensed software. 685.It Pa intel-public/ 686Intel license permitting redistribution with terms similar to 687BSD licensed software. 688.It Pa mit/ 689MIT (X11) style license. 690.It Pa zlib/ 691BSD-like zlib license. 692.El 693.Pp 694.It Pa games/ 695Source for utilities/files in 696.Pa /usr/games . 697.It Pa gnu/ 698Source for programs covered by the GNU license (or similar) 699(deprecated; use 700.Pa external/gpl2/ 701or 702.Pa external/gpl3/ 703as appropriate). 704.It Pa include/ 705Source for files in 706.Pa /usr/include . 707.It Pa lib/ 708Source for libraries in 709.Pa /usr/lib . 710.It Pa libexec/ 711Source for utilities/files in 712.Pa /usr/libexec . 713.It Pa regress/ 714Various legacy regression tests. 715.It Pa rescue/ 716Source/makefiles for 717.Pa /rescue . 718.It Pa sbin/ 719Source for utilities/files in 720.Pa /sbin . 721.It Pa share/ 722Source for files in 723.Pa /usr/share . 724.Pp 725.Bl -tag -width "doc/" -compact 726.It Pa doc/ 727.Pp 728.Bl -tag -width "papers/" -compact 729.It Pa papers/ 730Source for various historical technical papers (many from Berkeley). 731.It Pa psd/ 732Source for Programmer's Supplementary Documents. 733.It Pa smm/ 734Source for System Manager's Manual. 735.It Pa usd/ 736Source for User's Supplementary Documents. 737.El 738.El 739.It Pa sys/ 740Kernel source files. 741.Pp 742.Bl -tag -width "gdbscripts/" -compact 743.It Pa arch/ 744Architecture-specific support. 745.Pp 746.Bl -tag -width "playstation2/" -compact 747.It Pa acorn32/ 748Acorn RiscPC/A7000 and VLSI RC7500. 749.It Pa algor/ 750Algorithmics Ltd. MIPS evaluations boards. 751.It Pa alpha/ 752Digital/Compaq Alpha. 753.It Pa amd64/ 754Computers with x86_64 capable CPUs. 755.It Pa amiga/ 756Commodore Amiga and MacroSystem DraCo. 757.It Pa amigappc/ 758PowerPC based Amiga boards. 759.It Pa arc/ 760MIPS-based machines following the Advanced RISC Computing spec. 761.It Pa arm/ 762ARM processor general support. 763.It Pa atari/ 764Atari TT030, Falcon and Hades. 765.It Pa bebox/ 766Be Inc. BeBox. 767.It Pa cats/ 768Chalice Technology's CATS and Intel's EBSA-285 evaluation boards. 769.It Pa cesfic/ 770CES FIC8234 VME processor board. 771.It Pa cobalt/ 772Cobalt Networks' MIPS-based Microserver. 773.It Pa dreamcast/ 774Sega Dreamcast game console. 775.It Pa emips/ 776Machines based on Extensible MIPS. 777.It Pa evbarm/ 778ARM based evaluation boards. 779.It Pa evbmips/ 780MIPS based evaluation boards. 781.It Pa evbppc/ 782PowerPC based evaluation boards and appliances. 783.It Pa evbsh3/ 784SH3/SH4 based evaluation boards. 785.It Pa ews4800mips/ 786NEC's MIPS based EWS4800 workstations. 787.It Pa hp300/ 788Hewlett-Packard 9000/300 and 400 680x0-based workstations. 789.It Pa hppa/ 790Hewlett-Packard 9000/700 and 9000/800 HPPA based workstations. 791.It Pa hpcarm/ 792StrongARM based WinCE PDA machines. 793.It Pa hpcmips/ 794MIPS based WinCE PDA machines. 795.It Pa hpcsh/ 796Hitachi SH3/4 based WinCE PDA machines. 797.It Pa hppa/ 798HPPA processor general support. 799.It Pa i386/ 80032-bit 80x86-based IBM PCs and clones. 801.It Pa ibmnws/ 802IBM Network Station 1000. 803.It Pa iyonix/ 804Castle Technology's Iyonix ARM based PCs. 805.It Pa luna68k/ 806Omron Tateishi Electric's 680x0-based LUNA workstations. 807.It Pa m68k/ 808680x0 processor general support. 809.It Pa mac68k/ 810Apple Macintosh with 68k CPU. 811.It Pa macppc/ 812Apple Power Macintosh and clones. 813.It Pa mips/ 814MIPS processor general support. 815.It Pa mipsco/ 816MIPS Computer Systems Inc. family of workstations and servers. 817.It Pa mmeye/ 818Brains Inc. SH3 based mmEye multimedia server. 819.It Pa mvme68k/ 820Motorola MVME 680x0-based SBCs. 821.It Pa mvmeppc/ 822Motorola PowerPC VME SBCs. 823.It Pa netwinder/ 824StrongARM based NetWinder machines. 825.It Pa news68k/ 826Sony's 680x0-based NEWS workstations. 827.It Pa newsmips/ 828Sony's MIPS-based NEWS workstations. 829.It Pa next68k/ 830NeXT 68k "black" hardware. 831.It Pa ofppc/ 832Open Firmware PowerPC workstations. 833.It Pa playstation2/ 834SONY PlayStation 2. 835.It Pa pmax/ 836Digital MIPS-based DECstations and DECsystems. 837.It Pa powerpc/ 838PowerPC processor general support. 839.It Pa prep/ 840PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform) and CHRP (Common Hardware Reference 841Platform) machines. 842.It Pa sandpoint/ 843Motorola Sandpoint reference platform. 844.It Pa sbmips/ 845Broadcom/SiByte evaluation boards. 846.It Pa sgimips/ 847Silicon Graphics' MIPS-based workstations. 848.It Pa sh3/ 849SH3/SH4 processor general support. 850.It Pa shark/ 851Digital DNARD ("Shark"). 852.It Pa sparc/ 853Sun Microsystems SPARC (32-bit) and UltraSPARC (in 32-bit mode). 854.It Pa sparc64/ 855Sun Microsystems UltraSPARC (in native 64-bit mode). 856.It Pa sun2/ 857Sun Microsystems 68010-based Sun 2 architecture. 858.It Pa sun3/ 859Sun Microsystems 68020/68030-based Sun 3/3x architecture. 860.It Pa sun68k/ 861680x0-based Sun architecture general support. 862.It Pa vax/ 863Digital VAX. 864.It Pa x68k/ 865Sharp X680x0 680x0-based workstations. 866.It Pa x86/ 867General support for PC/AT compatibles with ia32 or x86_64 CPUs. 868.It Pa xen/ 869The Xen virtual machine monitor. 870.It Pa zaurus/ 871Sharp C3x00 Arm based PDA. 872.El 873.Pp 874.It Pa compat/ 875Kernel compatibility modules directory. 876.Pp 877.Bl -tag -width "ossaudio/" -compact 878.It Pa common/ 879Common compatibility routines, old 880.Bx 4 881and 882.Nx 883routines. 884.It Pa freebsd/ 885Support for 886.Fx 887binaries; see 888.Xr compat_freebsd 8 . 889.It Pa hpux/ 890Support for 68000 HP-UX binaries. 891.It Pa ibcs2/ 892Support for Intel Binary binaries. 893.It Pa linux/ 894Support for Linux binaries; see 895.Xr compat_linux 8 . 896.It Pa m68k4k/ 897Support for 4KB page 68000 binaries. 898.It Pa netbsd32/ 899Support for 900.Nx 90132-bit binaries on 64 bit platforms with compatible CPU families. 902.It Pa osf1/ 903Support for Digital 904.Ux 905(formerly OSF/1) binaries. 906.It Pa ossaudio/ 907Support for OSS audio. 908.It Pa sunos/ 909Support for SunOS 4.x binaries; see 910.Xr compat_sunos 8 . 911.It Pa svr4/ 912Support for System V Release 4 binaries; see 913.Xr compat_svr4 8 . 914.It Pa ultrix/ 915Support for ULTRIX binaries. 916.It Pa vax1k/ 917Support for older VAX binaries that started on a 1 KB boundary. 918.El 919.Pp 920.It Pa conf/ 921Architecture independent configuration directory. 922.It Pa crypto/ 923Cryptographic kernel source, which may have import or export restrictions. 924.It Pa ddb/ 925In-kernel debugger. 926.It Pa dev/ 927Architecture independent device support. 928.It Pa fs/ 929File systems. 930See also 931.Pa ufs/ 932and 933.Pa miscfs/ . 934.Bl -tag -width "filecorefs/" -compact 935.It Pa adosfs/ 936AmigaDOS file-system support; see 937.Xr mount_ados 8 . 938.It Pa cd9660/ 939Support for the ISO-9660 file system; see 940.Xr mount_cd9660 8 . 941.It Pa filecorefs/ 942Support for the Acorn RISC OS filecore file system; see 943.Xr mount_filecore 8 . 944.It Pa msdosfs/ 945MS-DOS file system; see 946.Xr mount_msdos 8 . 947.It Pa ntfs/ 948NTFS file system support; see 949.Xr mount_ntfs 8 . 950.It Pa ptyfs/ 951Pseudo-terminal device file system; see 952.Xr mount_ptyfs 8 . 953.It Pa smbfs/ 954SMB/CIFS file system support; see 955.Xr mount_smbfs 8 . 956.It Pa union/ 957Union file system; see 958.Xr mount_union 8 . 959.El 960.It Pa gdbscripts/ 961Support for accessing kernel structures from within the debugger 962.Xr gdb 1 . 963.It Pa ipkdb/ 964Support for kernel debugging over the network. 965.Pp 966.It Pa kern/ 967Primary kernel source code. 968.It Pa lib/ 969Libraries supporting the kernel. 970.Pp 971.Bl -tag -width "libkern/" -compact 972.It Pa libkern/ 973C library routines used in the kernel. 974.It Pa libsa/ 975Machine-independent standalone library, used by boot loaders. 976.It Pa libz/ 977Compression library. 978.El 979.Pp 980.It Pa miscfs/ 981More file systems. 982.Pp 983.Bl -tag -width "deadfs/" -compact 984.It Pa deadfs/ 985Kernel only dead file system. 986.It Pa fdesc/ 987File descriptor file system; see 988.Xr mount_fdesc 8 . 989.It Pa fifofs/ 990POSIX FIFO (named pipe) support. 991.It Pa genfs/ 992Generic file system code that supports other file systems. 993.It Pa kernfs/ 994Kernel namespace file system; see 995.Xr mount_kernfs 8 . 996.It Pa nullfs/ 997Loop back file system; see 998.Xr mount_null 8 . 999.It Pa overlay/ 1000Overlay file system; see 1001.Xr mount_overlay 8 . 1002.It Pa procfs/ 1003Process file system; see 1004.Xr mount_procfs 8 . 1005.It Pa specfs/ 1006Support for block and character special files. 1007.It Pa syncfs/ 1008Kernel trickle sync algorithm. 1009.It Pa umapfs/ 1010User and group re-mapping file system; see 1011.Xr mount_umap 8 . 1012.El 1013.Pp 1014.It Pa net/ 1015Miscellaneous networking support. 1016.It Pa netatalk/ 1017AppleTalk networking support. 1018.It Pa netinet/ 1019IP networking support. 1020.It Pa netinet6/ 1021IPv6 networking support. 1022.It Pa netkey/ 1023Key database for IPsec networking support. 1024.It Pa netnatm/ 1025ATM networking support. 1026.It Pa nfs/ 1027NFS (network file system) support, both client and server. 1028.It Pa stand/ 1029Kernel standalone support. 1030.It Pa sys/ 1031Kernel (and system) include files. 1032.It Pa ufs/ 1033Still more file systems. 1034.Pp 1035.Bl -tag -width "ffs/" -compact 1036.It Pa chfs/ 1037A FFS-based file system for use on raw flash. 1038.It Pa ext2fs/ 1039The Linux ext2 file system. 1040.It Pa ffs/ 1041The Berkeley Fast File System. 1042.It Pa lfs/ 1043The Berkeley log-structured file system. 1044.It Pa mfs/ 1045The in-memory file system. 1046.It Pa ufs/ 1047Shared 1048.Ux 1049file system support. 1050.El 1051.It Pa uvm/ 1052UVM virtual memory system. 1053.El 1054.It Pa tests/ 1055Source for test programs in 1056.Pa /usr/tests . 1057.It Pa usr.bin/ 1058Source for utilities/files in 1059.Pa /usr/bin . 1060.It Pa usr.sbin/ 1061Source for utilities/files in 1062.Pa /usr/sbin . 1063.El 1064.It Pa /var/ 1065Multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files. 1066.Pp 1067.Bl -tag -width "preserve/" -compact 1068.It Pa account/ 1069System accounting files. 1070.Pp 1071.Bl -tag -width "acct" -compact 1072.It Pa acct 1073Execution accounting file; 1074see 1075.Xr acct 5 . 1076.El 1077.Pp 1078.It Pa at/ 1079Timed command scheduling files; 1080see 1081.Xr at 1 . 1082.It Pa backups/ 1083Miscellaneous backup files, largely of files found in 1084.Pa /etc . 1085.It Pa chroot/ 1086Home directories of applications which are run in a 1087.Xr chroot 8 1088.Dq cage . 1089.It Pa crash/ 1090System (kernel) crash dumps; see 1091.Xr savecore 8 . 1092.It Pa cron/ 1093Scheduled commands configuration files; see 1094.Xr cron 8 1095and 1096.Xr crontab 5 . 1097.It Pa db/ 1098Miscellaneous automatically generated system-specific database files, 1099and persistent files used in the maintenance of third party software. 1100.Pp 1101.Bl -tag -width "monthly.out" -compact 1102.It Pa pkg 1103Default location for metadata related to third party software 1104packages. 1105See 1106.Xr pkg_add 1 1107for more details of the 1108.Nx 1109Packages Collection, or pkgsrc. 1110.El 1111.Pp 1112.It Pa games/ 1113Miscellaneous game status, log, and high score files. 1114.It Pa heimdal/ 1115Kerberos 5 KDC database; see 1116.Xr kdc 8 . 1117.It Pa log/ 1118Miscellaneous system log files. 1119.Pp 1120.Bl -tag -width "monthly.out" -compact 1121.It Pa amd.* 1122.Xr amd 8 1123logs. 1124.It Pa daily.out 1125Output of the last run of the 1126.Pa /etc/daily 1127script. 1128.It Pa ftp.* 1129.Xr ftp 1 1130logs. 1131.It Pa kerberos.* 1132.Xr kerberos 8 1133logs. 1134.It Pa lastlog 1135System last-time-logged-in database; see 1136.Xr utmp 5 . 1137.It Pa lpd-errs.* 1138Printer daemon error logs; see 1139.Xr lpd 8 . 1140.It Pa maillog.* 1141.Xr sendmail 1 1142and 1143.Xr postfix 1 1144(and other mail-related) 1145log files. 1146.It Pa messages.* 1147General system information log. 1148.It Pa monthly.out 1149Output of the last run of the 1150.Pa /etc/monthly 1151script. 1152.It Pa secure 1153Sensitive security information log. 1154.It Pa sendmail.st 1155.Xr sendmail 1 1156statistics. 1157.It Pa timed.* 1158.Xr timed 8 1159logs. 1160.It Pa weekly.out 1161Output of the last run of the 1162.Pa /etc/weekly 1163script. 1164.It Pa wtmp 1165Login and logout log; 1166see 1167.Xr utmp 5 . 1168.It Pa wtmpx 1169Another login and logout log; see 1170.Xr utmpx 5 . 1171.El 1172.Pp 1173.It Pa mail/ 1174User e-mail inboxes. 1175.It Pa msgs/ 1176System messages; see 1177.Xr msgs 1 . 1178.\" since we use nvi (now called vi) this isn't the place any more, is it? 1179.It Pa preserve/ 1180Temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death of 1181.Xr ex 1 1182or 1183.Xr vi 1 . 1184.It Pa quotas/ 1185File system quota information. 1186(Legacy.) 1187.It Pa run/ 1188System information files, rebuilt after each reboot. 1189.Pp 1190.Bl -tag -width "utmp" -compact 1191.It Pa dmesg.boot 1192A dump from 1193.Xr dmesg 8 1194taken at boot time. 1195.It Pa utmp 1196Database of currently logged in users; see 1197.Xr utmp 5 . 1198.It Pa utmpx 1199Another database of currently logged in users; see 1200.Xr utmpx 5 . 1201.El 1202.Pp 1203.It Pa rwho/ 1204Rwho data files; see 1205.Xr rwhod 8 , 1206.Xr rwho 1 , 1207and 1208.Xr ruptime 1 . 1209.It Pa spool/ 1210Miscellaneous printer and mail system spooling directories. 1211.Pp 1212.Bl -tag -width "postfix/" -compact 1213.It Pa ftp/ 1214Commonly 1215.Dq ~ftp , 1216the anonymous ftp root directory; see 1217.Xr ftpd 8 . 1218.It Pa mqueue/ 1219Sendmail mail queue; 1220see 1221.Xr sendmail 1 . 1222.It Pa news/ 1223Network news archival and spooling directories. 1224.It Pa output/ 1225Printer spooling directories. 1226.It Pa postfix/ 1227Postfix mail queue; 1228see 1229.Xr postfix 1 . 1230.El 1231.Pp 1232.It Pa tmp/ 1233Temporary files that are not discarded between system reboots. 1234.Pp 1235.Bl -tag -width "vi.recover/" -compact 1236.It Pa vi.recover/ 1237Recovery directory for new (current) 1238.Xr vi 1 . 1239.El 1240.Pp 1241.It Pa yp/ 1242Databases and configuration for the NIS (YP) system; see 1243.Xr nis 8 . 1244.El 1245.El 1246.Sh SEE ALSO 1247.Xr apropos 1 , 1248.Xr ls 1 , 1249.Xr whatis 1 , 1250.Xr whereis 1 , 1251.Xr which 1 , 1252.Xr paths 3 1253.Sh HISTORY 1254A 1255.Nm 1256manual page appeared in 1257.At v7 . 1258