1.\" $NetBSD: hier.7,v 1.135 2018/12/29 11:30:11 maxv Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 15.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 16.\" without specific prior written permission. 17.\" 18.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 19.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 20.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 21.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 22.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 23.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 24.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 25.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 26.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 27.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 28.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 29.\" 30.\" @(#)hier.7 8.5 (Berkeley) 6/1/94 31.\" 32.Dd December 29, 2018 33.Dt HIER 7 34.Os 35.Sh NAME 36.Nm hier 37.Nd layout of file systems 38.Sh DESCRIPTION 39An outline of the file system hierarchy. 40.Pp 41Naming is very important. 42The 43.Ux 44System relies on filename conventions for much of its power as a system. 45The following file system layout describes generally where things are 46and what they are, with references to other man pages for more detailed 47documentation. 48.Pp 49Not all files will be in every system. 50.Bl -tag -width "/altroot/" 51.It Pa \&/ 52Root directory of the system. 53.It Pa /COPYRIGHT 54System copyright notice, most often put on CD-ROM distributions. 55.It Pa "/[a-z]/" 56User file systems. 57.It Pa /altroot/ 58Alternate root file system, in case of disaster. 59.\" .It Pa /amd/ 60.\" Home directories mount point; see 61.\" .Xr amd 8 . 62.It Pa /bin/ 63Utilities used in both single and multi-user environments. 64.It Pa /boot* 65Second-stage boot loader(s) for some platforms; see 66.Xr installboot 8 . 67.It Pa /cdrom/ 68Empty directory commonly used by 69system administrators as a temporary mount point for ISO-9660 file 70systems on CD (or DVD) media. 71.It Pa /dev/ 72Block, character, and other special device files. 73.Pp 74.Bl -tag -width "MAKEDEV" -compact 75.It Pa MAKEDEV 76Script for creating device files; 77see 78.Xr makedev 8 . 79.It Pa console 80The computer's console device. 81.It Pa drum 82The computer's swap space device; see 83.Xr drum 4 . 84.It Pa fd/ 85File descriptor files; 86see 87.Xr fd 4 . 88.It Pa klog 89Kernel logging device; see 90.Xr syslog 3 . 91.It Pa kmem 92Kernel virtual memory device; see 93.Xr mem 4 . 94.It Pa log 95.Ux 96domain datagram log socket; see 97.Xr syslogd 8 . 98.It Pa mem 99Kernel physical memory device; see 100.Xr mem 4 . 101.It Pa null 102The null device; see 103.Xr null 4 . 104.It Pa pts/ 105Mount point for the pseudo-terminal device file system; see 106.Xr mount_ptyfs 8 . 107.It Pa stderr 108.It Pa stdin 109.It Pa stdout 110File descriptor files; 111see 112.Xr fd 4 . 113.It Pa tty 114Device pointing to each process's own controlling terminal; see 115.Xr tty 4 . 116.It Pa zero 117The zero device; see 118.Xr zero 4 . 119.El 120.\" .It Pa /dump/ 121.\" Online 122.\" .Xr dump 8 123.\" repository. 124.It Pa /etc/ 125System configuration files and scripts. 126.Pp 127.Bl -tag -width "master.passwd" -compact 128.It Pa amd* 129Configuration files for 130.Xr amd 8 . 131.It Pa changelist 132Files backed up by the 133.Pa security 134script. 135.It Pa crontab 136Schedule used by the 137.Xr cron 8 138daemon. 139.It Pa csh.cshrc 140.It Pa csh.login 141.It Pa csh.logout 142System-wide scripts for 143.Xr csh 1 . 144.It Pa daily 145Script run each day by 146.Xr cron 8 . 147.It Pa daily.conf 148Configuration file for 149.Pa daily ; 150see 151.Xr daily.conf 5 . 152.It Pa defaults/ 153Default configuration files read by various 154.Pa /etc/*.conf 155files. 156.It Pa disktab 157Disk description file; see 158.Xr disktab 5 . 159.It Pa dm.conf 160Dungeon master configuration; see 161.Xr dm.conf 5 . 162.It Pa dumpdates 163Dump history; see 164.Xr dump 8 . 165.It Pa exports 166File system export information; see 167.Xr mountd 8 . 168.It Pa fstab 169File system mounting table; see 170.Xr fstab 5 171and 172.Xr mount 8 . 173.It Pa ftpusers 174Users denied 175.Xr ftp 1 176access; see 177.Xr ftpd 8 . 178.It Pa ftpwelcome 179.Xr ftp 1 180initial message; see 181.Xr ftpd 8 . 182.It Pa gettytab 183Terminal configuration database; see 184.Xr gettytab 5 . 185.It Pa group 186Group permissions file; see 187.Xr group 5 . 188.It Pa hosts 189Host name database backup for 190.Xr named 8 ; 191see 192.Xr hosts 5 . 193.It Pa hosts.equiv 194Trusted machines with equivalent user IDs. 195(Obsolete.) 196.It Pa hosts.lpd 197Trusted machines with printing privileges. 198.It Pa inetd.conf 199Internet server configuration file; see 200.Xr inetd 8 . 201.It Pa kerberosV/ 202Configuration files for Kerberos version V; 203see 204.Xr kerberos 8 . 205.It Pa localtime 206Local time zone; 207see 208.Xr ctime 3 . 209.It Pa login.conf 210Configuration of user classes and limits; see 211.Xr login.conf 5 . 212.It Pa mail/ 213Configuration files for 214.Xr sendmail 1 . 215.Pp 216.Bl -tag -width "sendmail.*" -compact 217.It Pa aliases* 218Username alias files. 219.It Pa sendmail.* 220.Xr sendmail 1 221configuration information. 222.El 223.It Pa mail.rc 224System-wide initialization script for 225.Xr mail 1 . 226.It Pa man.conf 227Configuration file for 228.Xr man 1 ; 229see 230.Xr man.conf 5 . 231.It Pa master.passwd 232Main password file, readable only by root; see 233.Xr passwd 5 . 234.It Pa mk.conf 235Optional file containing 236.Xr make 1 237variables, used to configure pkgsrc and the system sources. 238.It Pa monthly 239Script run each month by 240.Xr cron 8 . 241.It Pa monthly.conf 242Configuration file for 243.Pa monthly ; 244see 245.Xr monthly.conf 5 . 246.It Pa motd 247System message of the day. 248.It Pa mtree/ 249.Xr mtree 8 250configuration files. 251.It Pa named.* 252.It Pa namedb/ 253.Xr named 8 254configuration files and databases. 255.It Pa netgroup 256Network groups; see 257.Xr netgroup 5 . 258.It Pa netstart 259Network startup script . 260.It Pa networks 261Network name database; see 262.Xr networks 5 . 263.It Pa passwd 264World readable password file generated from master.passwd; see 265.Xr passwd 5 , 266.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 267.It Pa phones 268Remote host telephone number data base; see 269.Xr phones 5 . 270.It Pa printcap 271Printer configuration for 272.Xr lpr 1 ; 273see 274.Xr printcap 5 . 275.It Pa profile 276System-wide scripts for 277.Xr sh 1 . 278.It Pa protocols 279Protocol name database; see 280.Xr protocols 5 . 281.It Pa pwd.db 282Database form of passwd file; see 283.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 284.It Pa rc 285Master system startup script invoked by 286.Xr init 8 ; 287see 288.Xr rc 8 . 289.It Pa rc.conf 290Configuration file for system startup and shutdown scripts; see 291.Xr rc.conf 5 . 292.It Pa rc.d/ 293Directory containing per-subsystem startup and shutdown scripts; see 294.Xr rc 8 . 295.It Pa rc.local 296Locally editable system startup script. 297.It Pa rc.shutdown 298Master system shutdown script invoked by 299.Xr shutdown 8 ; 300see 301.Xr rc 8 . 302.It Pa remote 303Remote host description file; see 304.Xr remote 5 . 305.It Pa security 306Daily (in)security script run by 307.Xr cron 8 . 308.It Pa security.conf 309Configuration file for 310.Pa security ; 311see 312.Xr security.conf 5 . 313.It Pa services 314Service name data base; see 315.Xr services 5 . 316.It Pa shells 317List of permitted shells; see 318.Xr shells 5 . 319.It Pa skel/ 320Sample initialization files for new user accounts. 321.It Pa sliphome/ 322SLIP login/logout scripts; see 323.Xr sliplogin 8 . 324.It Pa spwd.db 325Database form of master.passwd file; see 326.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 327.It Pa syslog.conf 328.Xr syslogd 8 329Configuration file; see 330.Xr syslog.conf 5 . 331.It Pa ttyaction 332Login hooks for specific ttys, typically used to chown console 333devices. 334See 335.Xr ttyaction 5 . 336.It Pa ttys 337Terminal initialization information; see 338.Xr ttys 5 . 339.It Pa weekly 340Script run each week by 341.Xr cron 8 . 342.It Pa weekly.conf 343Configuration file for 344.Pa weekly ; 345see 346.Xr weekly.conf 5 . 347.El 348.It Pa /home/ 349Default location for user home directories. 350.It Pa /kern/ 351Mount point for the kern file system; see 352.Xr mount_kernfs 8 . 353.It Pa /lib/ 354Dynamic linked libraries used by dynamically linked programs 355that cannot rely upon 356.Pa /usr/lib/ 357being available, such as those in 358.Pa /bin/ 359and 360.Pa /sbin/ . 361.It Pa /libdata/ 362Non-executable files 363.Pq such as device firmware 364required at boot time, when 365.Pa /usr/libdata 366may not be available. 367.It Pa /libexec/ 368System utilities (such as the dynamic linker) required by programs 369and libraries that cannot rely upon 370.Pa /usr/libexec/ 371being available. 372.It Pa /mnt/ 373Empty directory commonly used by 374system administrators as a temporary mount point. 375.It Pa /net/ 376automounted NFS shares; 377see 378.Xr auto_master 5 379.It Pa /netbsd 380Kernel executable image (the operating system loaded into memory 381at boot time). 382.It Pa /proc/ 383Mount point for the process file system; see 384.Xr mount_procfs 8 . 385.It Pa /rescue/ 386Statically linked rescue tools, for use in system recovery. 387.It Pa /root/ 388Home directory for the super-user. 389.Pp 390.Bl -tag -width ".profile" -compact 391.It Pa \&.cshrc 392Super-user start-up file for 393.Xr csh 1 . 394.It Pa \&.login 395super-user start-up file for 396.Xr csh 1 . 397.It Pa \&.profile 398super-user start-up file for 399.Xr sh 1 . 400.It Pa \&.rhosts 401Super-user id mapping between machines. 402(Obsolete.) 403.El 404.It Pa /sbin/ 405System programs and administration utilities 406used in both single-user and multi-user environments. 407.It Pa /stand/ 408Programs used in a standalone environment, that is, things that run on 409bare hardware without a kernel. 410Currently kernel modules are also placed here, although this remains 411somewhat controversial and they may yet get moved. 412.It Pa /tmp/ 413Temporary files. 414The contents of 415.Pa /tmp 416are usually 417.Em not 418preserved across a system reboot. 419.It Pa /usr/ 420Contains the majority of the system utilities and files. 421.Pp 422.Bl -tag -width "libdata/" -compact 423.It Pa X11R7/ 424X11 files (for X11 revision 7). 425.Pp 426.Bl -tag -width "include/" -compact 427.It Pa bin/ 428X11 binaries. 429.It Pa include/ 430X11 include files. 431.It Pa lib/ 432X11 libraries. 433.El 434.Pp 435.It Pa bin/ 436Common utilities, programming tools, and applications. 437.It Pa games/ 438The important stuff. 439.It Pa include/ 440Standard C (and extension) include files. 441.Pp 442.Bl -tag -width "protocols/" -compact 443.It Pa arpa/ 444Include files for Internet service protocols. 445.It Pa atf/ 446Include files for the Automated Testing Framework; see 447.Xr atf 7 . 448.It Pa g++/ 449Include files for the GNU C++ compiler. 450.It Pa machine/ 451Machine specific include files. 452.It Pa net/ 453Miscellaneous network include files. 454.It Pa netatalk/ 455C include files for AppleTalk protocols 456see 457.Xr atalk 4 . 458.It Pa netinet/ 459Include files for Internet standard protocols; see 460.Xr inet 4 . 461.It Pa netinet6/ 462Include files for Internet protocol version 6; see 463.Xr inet6 4 . 464.It Pa netipsec/ 465Include files for secret key management, used for security protocols; see 466.Xr ipsec 4 . 467.It Pa nfs/ 468C include files for NFS (Network File System). 469.It Pa protocols/ 470C include files for Berkeley service protocols. 471.It Pa sys/ 472``System-level'' C include files. 473.It Pa ufs/ 474C include files for several mutually related file systems. 475(The `u' was originally for 476.Ux . ) 477.El 478.Pp 479.It Pa lib/ 480Archive, profiled, position independent archive, and shared libraries. 481.Pp 482.Bl -tag -width "lua/" -compact 483.It Pa lua/ 484.Bl -tag -width "5.3/" -compact 485.It Pa 5.3/ 486Lua 5.3 modules. 487.El 488.El 489.Pp 490.It Pa libdata/ 491Miscellaneous utility data files. 492.It Pa libexec/ 493System daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs). 494.Pp 495.It Pa mdec/ 496Boot blocks, etc. 497.It Pa obj/ 498Architecture-specific target tree produced by building the 499.Pa /usr/src 500tree; often a symbolic link or mounted file system. 501.It Pa pkg/ 502Installed third-party software packages. 503.Pp 504.Bl -tag -width "include/" -compact 505.It Pa bin/ 506Package binaries. 507.It Pa include/ 508Package include files. 509.It Pa lib/ 510Package libraries. 511.It Pa libdata/ 512Package data files. 513.It Pa libexec/ 514Package daemons. 515.It Pa sbin/ 516Package system utilities. 517.El 518.Pp 519.It Pa pkgsrc/ 520Build descriptions (packaging) for the 521.Nx 522package system. 523.Pp 524.Bl -tag -width "distfilesX" -compact 525.It Pa distfiles/ 526Downloaded upstream source archives. 527.It Pa packages/ 528Compiled binary packages. 529.El 530.Pp 531There are also several other subdirectories which contain packages of 532a certain category, e.g., archivers, graphics, ... 533.Pp 534.It Pa sbin/ 535System daemons and system utilities (normally executed by the super-user). 536.It Pa share/ 537Architecture-independent files, mostly text. 538.Pp 539.Bl -tag -width "calendar/" -compact 540.It Pa calendar/ 541A variety of calendar files; see 542.Xr calendar 1 . 543.It Pa dict/ 544Word lists; 545see 546.Xr look 1 547and 548.Xr spell 1 . 549.Pp 550.Bl -tag -width "special/" -compact 551.It Pa words 552Common words. 553.It Pa web2 554Words from Webster's Second International Dictionary. 555.It Pa papers/ 556Reference databases; 557see 558.Xr refer 1 . 559.It Pa special/ 560Custom word lists; 561see 562.Xr spell 1 . 563.El 564.Pp 565.It Pa doc/ 566Miscellaneous documentation. 567.It Pa games/ 568Data files used by various games. 569.It Pa i18n/ 570internationalization databases; see 571.Xr iconv 3 . 572.It Pa locale/ 573Locale databases and gettext message catalogs; see 574.Xr setlocale 3 575and 576.Xr gettext 3 . 577.It Pa man/ 578Manual pages. 579.It Pa me/ 580Macros for use with the 581.Xr me 7 582roff macro package. 583.It Pa misc/ 584Miscellaneous system-wide text files. 585.Pp 586.Bl -tag -width "terminfo.cdb" -compact 587.It Pa terminfo 588Terminal characteristics database; 589see 590.Xr terminfo 5 . 591.It Pa terminfo.cdb 592database form of terminfo file; see 593.Xr tic 1 . 594.El 595.Pp 596.It Pa mk/ 597Include files for 598.Xr make 1 . 599.It Pa ms/ 600Macros for use with the 601.Xr ms 7 602roff macro package. 603.It Pa nls/ 604Message catalogs; see 605.Xr catgets 3 . 606.It Pa tmac/ 607Text processing macros; 608see 609.Xr nroff 1 610and 611.Xr troff 1 . 612.It Pa zoneinfo/ 613Time zone database; 614see 615.Xr tzfile 5 . 616.El 617.It Pa tests/ 618Test programs; see 619.Xr tests 7 620for information on how to run them. 621.El 622.It Pa /usr/src/ 623.Nx 624and local source files. 625.Pp 626.Bl -tag -width "domestic/" -compact 627.It Pa bin/ 628Source for utilities/files in 629.Pa /bin . 630.It Pa common/ 631Sources shared between kernel and userland. 632.It Pa crypto/ 633Cryptographic source, which may have import or export restrictions. 634.It Pa dist/ 635Third-party 636.Sq virgin 637source code, referenced by other parts of the source tree. 638(Deprecated; use 639.Pa external/ 640instead.) 641.It Pa distrib/ 642Tools and data files for making 643.Nx 644releases and distributions. 645.It Pa doc/ 646Documentation about the source tree (i.e., about the tree, not about 647how to use the software in the tree.) 648.It Pa etc/ 649Source (usually example files) for files in 650.Pa /etc . 651.It Pa external/ 652Source for programs from external third parties 653(where 654.Nx 655is the not the primary maintainer), 656grouped by license, and then products per license. 657.Pp 658.Bl -tag -width "intel-fw-public/" -compact 659.It Pa apache2/ 660Apache 2.0 license. 661.It Pa bsd/ 662BSD (or equivalent) licensed software, 663possibly with the 664.Dq advertising clause . 665.It Pa cddl/ 666Common Development and Distribution License (the Sun license which is 667based on the Mozilla Public License version 1.1). 668.It Pa gpl2/ 669GNU Public License, version 2 (or earlier). 670.It Pa gpl3/ 671GNU Public License, version 3. 672.It Pa historical/ 673Lucent's old license. 674.It Pa ibm-public/ 675IBM's public license. 676.It Pa intel-fw-eula/ 677Intel firmware license with redistribution restricted to OEM. 678.It Pa intel-fw-public/ 679Intel firmware license permitting redistribution with 680terms similar to BSD licensed software. 681.It Pa intel-public/ 682Intel license permitting redistribution with terms similar to 683BSD licensed software. 684.It Pa mit/ 685MIT (X11) style license. 686.It Pa zlib/ 687BSD-like zlib license. 688.El 689.Pp 690.It Pa games/ 691Source for utilities/files in 692.Pa /usr/games . 693.It Pa gnu/ 694Source for programs covered by the GNU license (or similar) 695(deprecated; use 696.Pa external/gpl2/ 697or 698.Pa external/gpl3/ 699as appropriate). 700.It Pa include/ 701Source for files in 702.Pa /usr/include . 703.It Pa lib/ 704Source for libraries in 705.Pa /usr/lib . 706.It Pa libexec/ 707Source for utilities/files in 708.Pa /usr/libexec . 709.It Pa regress/ 710Various legacy regression tests. 711.It Pa rescue/ 712Source/makefiles for 713.Pa /rescue . 714.It Pa sbin/ 715Source for utilities/files in 716.Pa /sbin . 717.It Pa share/ 718Source for files in 719.Pa /usr/share . 720.Pp 721.Bl -tag -width "doc/" -compact 722.It Pa doc/ 723.Pp 724.Bl -tag -width "papers/" -compact 725.It Pa papers/ 726Source for various historical technical papers (many from Berkeley). 727.It Pa psd/ 728Source for Programmer's Supplementary Documents. 729.It Pa smm/ 730Source for System Manager's Manual. 731.It Pa usd/ 732Source for User's Supplementary Documents. 733.El 734.El 735.It Pa sys/ 736Kernel source files. 737.Pp 738.Bl -tag -width "gdbscripts/" -compact 739.It Pa arch/ 740Architecture-specific support. 741.Pp 742.Bl -tag -width "playstation2/" -compact 743.It Pa acorn32/ 744Acorn RiscPC/A7000 and VLSI RC7500. 745.It Pa algor/ 746Algorithmics Ltd. MIPS evaluations boards. 747.It Pa alpha/ 748Digital/Compaq Alpha. 749.It Pa amd64/ 750Computers with x86_64 capable CPUs. 751.It Pa amiga/ 752Commodore Amiga and MacroSystem DraCo. 753.It Pa amigappc/ 754PowerPC based Amiga boards. 755.It Pa arc/ 756MIPS-based machines following the Advanced RISC Computing spec. 757.It Pa arm/ 758ARM processor general support. 759.It Pa atari/ 760Atari TT030, Falcon and Hades. 761.It Pa bebox/ 762Be Inc. BeBox. 763.It Pa cats/ 764Chalice Technology's CATS and Intel's EBSA-285 evaluation boards. 765.It Pa cesfic/ 766CES FIC8234 VME processor board. 767.It Pa cobalt/ 768Cobalt Networks' MIPS-based Microserver. 769.It Pa dreamcast/ 770Sega Dreamcast game console. 771.It Pa emips/ 772Machines based on Extensible MIPS. 773.It Pa evbarm/ 774ARM based evaluation boards. 775.It Pa evbmips/ 776MIPS based evaluation boards. 777.It Pa evbppc/ 778PowerPC based evaluation boards and appliances. 779.It Pa evbsh3/ 780SH3/SH4 based evaluation boards. 781.It Pa ews4800mips/ 782NEC's MIPS based EWS4800 workstations. 783.It Pa hp300/ 784Hewlett-Packard 9000/300 and 400 680x0-based workstations. 785.It Pa hppa/ 786Hewlett-Packard 9000/700 and 9000/800 HPPA based workstations. 787.It Pa hpcarm/ 788StrongARM based WinCE PDA machines. 789.It Pa hpcmips/ 790MIPS based WinCE PDA machines. 791.It Pa hpcsh/ 792Hitachi SH3/4 based WinCE PDA machines. 793.It Pa hppa/ 794HPPA processor general support. 795.It Pa i386/ 79632-bit 80x86-based IBM PCs and clones. 797.It Pa ibmnws/ 798IBM Network Station 1000. 799.It Pa iyonix/ 800Castle Technology's Iyonix ARM based PCs. 801.It Pa luna68k/ 802Omron Tateishi Electric's 680x0-based LUNA workstations. 803.It Pa m68k/ 804680x0 processor general support. 805.It Pa mac68k/ 806Apple Macintosh with 68k CPU. 807.It Pa macppc/ 808Apple Power Macintosh and clones. 809.It Pa mips/ 810MIPS processor general support. 811.It Pa mipsco/ 812MIPS Computer Systems Inc. family of workstations and servers. 813.It Pa mmeye/ 814Brains Inc. SH3 based mmEye multimedia server. 815.It Pa mvme68k/ 816Motorola MVME 680x0-based SBCs. 817.It Pa mvmeppc/ 818Motorola PowerPC VME SBCs. 819.It Pa netwinder/ 820StrongARM based NetWinder machines. 821.It Pa news68k/ 822Sony's 680x0-based NEWS workstations. 823.It Pa newsmips/ 824Sony's MIPS-based NEWS workstations. 825.It Pa next68k/ 826NeXT 68k "black" hardware. 827.It Pa ofppc/ 828Open Firmware PowerPC workstations. 829.It Pa playstation2/ 830SONY PlayStation 2. 831.It Pa pmax/ 832Digital MIPS-based DECstations and DECsystems. 833.It Pa powerpc/ 834PowerPC processor general support. 835.It Pa prep/ 836PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform) and CHRP (Common Hardware Reference 837Platform) machines. 838.It Pa sandpoint/ 839Motorola Sandpoint reference platform. 840.It Pa sbmips/ 841Broadcom/SiByte evaluation boards. 842.It Pa sgimips/ 843Silicon Graphics' MIPS-based workstations. 844.It Pa sh3/ 845SH3/SH4 processor general support. 846.It Pa shark/ 847Digital DNARD ("Shark"). 848.It Pa sparc/ 849Sun Microsystems SPARC (32-bit) and UltraSPARC (in 32-bit mode). 850.It Pa sparc64/ 851Sun Microsystems UltraSPARC (in native 64-bit mode). 852.It Pa sun2/ 853Sun Microsystems 68010-based Sun 2 architecture. 854.It Pa sun3/ 855Sun Microsystems 68020/68030-based Sun 3/3x architecture. 856.It Pa sun68k/ 857680x0-based Sun architecture general support. 858.It Pa vax/ 859Digital VAX. 860.It Pa x68k/ 861Sharp X680x0 680x0-based workstations. 862.It Pa x86/ 863General support for PC/AT compatibles with ia32 or x86_64 CPUs. 864.It Pa xen/ 865The Xen virtual machine monitor. 866.It Pa zaurus/ 867Sharp C3x00 Arm based PDA. 868.El 869.Pp 870.It Pa compat/ 871Kernel compatibility modules directory. 872.Pp 873.Bl -tag -width "ossaudio/" -compact 874.It Pa common/ 875Common compatibility routines, old 876.Bx 4 877and 878.Nx 879routines. 880.It Pa freebsd/ 881Support for 882.Fx 883binaries; see 884.Xr compat_freebsd 8 . 885.It Pa hpux/ 886Support for 68000 HP-UX binaries. 887.It Pa linux/ 888Support for Linux binaries; see 889.Xr compat_linux 8 . 890.It Pa m68k4k/ 891Support for 4KB page 68000 binaries. 892.It Pa netbsd32/ 893Support for 894.Nx 89532-bit binaries on 64 bit platforms with compatible CPU families. 896.It Pa osf1/ 897Support for Digital 898.Ux 899(formerly OSF/1) binaries. 900.It Pa ossaudio/ 901Support for OSS audio. 902.It Pa sunos/ 903Support for SunOS 4.x binaries; see 904.Xr compat_sunos 8 . 905.It Pa ultrix/ 906Support for ULTRIX binaries. 907.It Pa vax1k/ 908Support for older VAX binaries that started on a 1 KB boundary. 909.El 910.Pp 911.It Pa conf/ 912Architecture independent configuration directory. 913.It Pa crypto/ 914Cryptographic kernel source, which may have import or export restrictions. 915.It Pa ddb/ 916In-kernel debugger. 917.It Pa dev/ 918Architecture independent device support. 919.It Pa fs/ 920File systems. 921See also 922.Pa ufs/ 923and 924.Pa miscfs/ . 925.Bl -tag -width "filecorefs/" -compact 926.It Pa adosfs/ 927AmigaDOS file-system support; see 928.Xr mount_ados 8 . 929.It Pa cd9660/ 930Support for the ISO-9660 file system; see 931.Xr mount_cd9660 8 . 932.It Pa filecorefs/ 933Support for the Acorn RISC OS filecore file system; see 934.Xr mount_filecore 8 . 935.It Pa msdosfs/ 936MS-DOS file system; see 937.Xr mount_msdos 8 . 938.It Pa ntfs/ 939NTFS file system support; see 940.Xr mount_ntfs 8 . 941.It Pa ptyfs/ 942Pseudo-terminal device file system; see 943.Xr mount_ptyfs 8 . 944.It Pa smbfs/ 945SMB/CIFS file system support; see 946.Xr mount_smbfs 8 . 947.It Pa union/ 948Union file system; see 949.Xr mount_union 8 . 950.El 951.It Pa gdbscripts/ 952Support for accessing kernel structures from within the debugger 953.Xr gdb 1 . 954.Pp 955.It Pa kern/ 956Primary kernel source code. 957.It Pa lib/ 958Libraries supporting the kernel. 959.Pp 960.Bl -tag -width "libkern/" -compact 961.It Pa libkern/ 962C library routines used in the kernel. 963.It Pa libsa/ 964Machine-independent standalone library, used by boot loaders. 965.It Pa libz/ 966Compression library. 967.El 968.Pp 969.It Pa miscfs/ 970More file systems. 971.Pp 972.Bl -tag -width "deadfs/" -compact 973.It Pa deadfs/ 974Kernel only dead file system. 975.It Pa fdesc/ 976File descriptor file system; see 977.Xr mount_fdesc 8 . 978.It Pa fifofs/ 979POSIX FIFO (named pipe) support. 980.It Pa genfs/ 981Generic file system code that supports other file systems. 982.It Pa kernfs/ 983Kernel namespace file system; see 984.Xr mount_kernfs 8 . 985.It Pa nullfs/ 986Loop back file system; see 987.Xr mount_null 8 . 988.It Pa overlay/ 989Overlay file system; see 990.Xr mount_overlay 8 . 991.It Pa procfs/ 992Process file system; see 993.Xr mount_procfs 8 . 994.It Pa specfs/ 995Support for block and character special files. 996.It Pa syncfs/ 997Kernel trickle sync algorithm. 998.It Pa umapfs/ 999User and group re-mapping file system; see 1000.Xr mount_umap 8 . 1001.El 1002.Pp 1003.It Pa net/ 1004Miscellaneous networking support. 1005.It Pa netatalk/ 1006AppleTalk networking support. 1007.It Pa netinet/ 1008IP networking support. 1009.It Pa netinet6/ 1010IPv6 networking support. 1011.It Pa netipsec/ 1012Key database for IPsec networking support. 1013.It Pa nfs/ 1014NFS (network file system) support, both client and server. 1015.It Pa stand/ 1016Kernel standalone support. 1017.It Pa sys/ 1018Kernel (and system) include files. 1019.It Pa ufs/ 1020Still more file systems. 1021.Pp 1022.Bl -tag -width "ffs/" -compact 1023.It Pa chfs/ 1024A FFS-based file system for use on raw flash. 1025.It Pa ext2fs/ 1026The Linux ext2 file system. 1027.It Pa ffs/ 1028The Berkeley Fast File System. 1029.It Pa lfs/ 1030The Berkeley log-structured file system. 1031.It Pa mfs/ 1032The in-memory file system. 1033.It Pa ufs/ 1034Shared 1035.Ux 1036file system support. 1037.El 1038.It Pa uvm/ 1039UVM virtual memory system. 1040.El 1041.It Pa tests/ 1042Source for test programs in 1043.Pa /usr/tests . 1044.It Pa usr.bin/ 1045Source for utilities/files in 1046.Pa /usr/bin . 1047.It Pa usr.sbin/ 1048Source for utilities/files in 1049.Pa /usr/sbin . 1050.El 1051.It Pa /var/ 1052Multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files. 1053.Pp 1054.Bl -tag -width "preserve/" -compact 1055.It Pa account/ 1056System accounting files. 1057.Pp 1058.Bl -tag -width "acct" -compact 1059.It Pa acct 1060Execution accounting file; 1061see 1062.Xr acct 5 . 1063.El 1064.Pp 1065.It Pa at/ 1066Timed command scheduling files; 1067see 1068.Xr at 1 . 1069.It Pa backups/ 1070Miscellaneous backup files, largely of files found in 1071.Pa /etc . 1072.It Pa chroot/ 1073Home directories of applications which are run in a 1074.Xr chroot 8 1075.Dq cage . 1076.It Pa crash/ 1077System (kernel) crash dumps; see 1078.Xr savecore 8 . 1079.It Pa cron/ 1080Scheduled commands configuration files; see 1081.Xr cron 8 1082and 1083.Xr crontab 5 . 1084.It Pa db/ 1085Miscellaneous automatically generated system-specific database files, 1086and persistent files used in the maintenance of third party software. 1087.Pp 1088.Bl -tag -width "monthly.out" -compact 1089.It Pa pkg 1090Default location for metadata related to third party software 1091packages. 1092See 1093.Xr pkg_add 1 1094for more details of the 1095.Nx 1096Packages Collection, or pkgsrc. 1097.El 1098.Pp 1099.It Pa games/ 1100Miscellaneous game status, log, and high score files. 1101.It Pa heimdal/ 1102Kerberos 5 KDC database; see 1103.Xr kdc 8 . 1104.It Pa log/ 1105Miscellaneous system log files. 1106.Pp 1107.Bl -tag -width "monthly.out" -compact 1108.It Pa amd.* 1109.Xr amd 8 1110logs. 1111.It Pa daily.out 1112Output of the last run of the 1113.Pa /etc/daily 1114script. 1115.It Pa ftp.* 1116.Xr ftp 1 1117logs. 1118.It Pa kerberos.* 1119.Xr kerberos 8 1120logs. 1121.It Pa lastlog 1122System last-time-logged-in database; see 1123.Xr utmp 5 . 1124.It Pa lpd-errs.* 1125Printer daemon error logs; see 1126.Xr lpd 8 . 1127.It Pa maillog.* 1128.Xr sendmail 1 1129and 1130.Xr postfix 1 1131(and other mail-related) 1132log files. 1133.It Pa messages.* 1134General system information log. 1135.It Pa monthly.out 1136Output of the last run of the 1137.Pa /etc/monthly 1138script. 1139.It Pa secure 1140Sensitive security information log. 1141.It Pa sendmail.st 1142.Xr sendmail 1 1143statistics. 1144.It Pa timed.* 1145.Xr timed 8 1146logs. 1147.It Pa weekly.out 1148Output of the last run of the 1149.Pa /etc/weekly 1150script. 1151.It Pa wtmp 1152Login and logout log; 1153see 1154.Xr utmp 5 . 1155.It Pa wtmpx 1156Another login and logout log; see 1157.Xr utmpx 5 . 1158.El 1159.Pp 1160.It Pa mail/ 1161User e-mail inboxes. 1162.It Pa msgs/ 1163System messages; see 1164.Xr msgs 1 . 1165.\" since we use nvi (now called vi) this isn't the place any more, is it? 1166.It Pa preserve/ 1167Temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death of 1168.Xr ex 1 1169or 1170.Xr vi 1 . 1171.It Pa quotas/ 1172File system quota information. 1173(Legacy.) 1174.It Pa run/ 1175System information files, rebuilt after each reboot. 1176.Pp 1177.Bl -tag -width "utmp" -compact 1178.It Pa dmesg.boot 1179A dump from 1180.Xr dmesg 8 1181taken at boot time. 1182.It Pa utmp 1183Database of currently logged in users; see 1184.Xr utmp 5 . 1185.It Pa utmpx 1186Another database of currently logged in users; see 1187.Xr utmpx 5 . 1188.El 1189.Pp 1190.It Pa rwho/ 1191Rwho data files; see 1192.Xr rwhod 8 , 1193.Xr rwho 1 , 1194and 1195.Xr ruptime 1 . 1196.It Pa spool/ 1197Miscellaneous printer and mail system spooling directories. 1198.Pp 1199.Bl -tag -width "postfix/" -compact 1200.It Pa ftp/ 1201Commonly 1202.Dq ~ftp , 1203the anonymous ftp root directory; see 1204.Xr ftpd 8 . 1205.It Pa mqueue/ 1206Sendmail mail queue; 1207see 1208.Xr sendmail 1 . 1209.It Pa news/ 1210Network news archival and spooling directories. 1211.It Pa output/ 1212Printer spooling directories. 1213.It Pa postfix/ 1214Postfix mail queue; 1215see 1216.Xr postfix 1 . 1217.El 1218.Pp 1219.It Pa tmp/ 1220Temporary files that are not discarded between system reboots. 1221.Pp 1222.Bl -tag -width "vi.recover/" -compact 1223.It Pa vi.recover/ 1224Recovery directory for new (current) 1225.Xr vi 1 . 1226.El 1227.Pp 1228.It Pa yp/ 1229Databases and configuration for the NIS (YP) system; see 1230.Xr nis 8 . 1231.El 1232.El 1233.Sh SEE ALSO 1234.Xr apropos 1 , 1235.Xr ls 1 , 1236.Xr whatis 1 , 1237.Xr whereis 1 , 1238.Xr which 1 , 1239.Xr paths 3 1240.Sh HISTORY 1241A 1242.Nm 1243manual page appeared in 1244.At v7 . 1245