xref: /netbsd-src/share/man/man7/hier.7 (revision 74809f044aa1c34df701bf79c7bfb9794896fdf8)
1.\"	$NetBSD: hier.7,v 1.81 2008/05/22 12:51:43 lukem Exp $
2.\"
3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994
4.\"	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
5.\"
6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8.\" are met:
9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
15.\"    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
16.\"    without specific prior written permission.
17.\"
18.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
19.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
20.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
21.\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
22.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
23.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
24.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
25.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
26.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
27.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
28.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
29.\"
30.\"	@(#)hier.7	8.5 (Berkeley) 6/1/94
31.\"
32.Dd May 22, 2008
33.Dt HIER 7
34.Os
35.Sh NAME
36.Nm hier
37.Nd layout of filesystems
38.Sh DESCRIPTION
39An outline of the filesystem hierarchy.
40.Pp
41Naming is very important.
42The
43.Ux
44System relies on filename conventions for much of its power as a system.
45The following file system layout describes generally where things are
46and what they are, with references to other man pages for more detailed
47documentation.
48.Pp
49Not all files will be in every system.
50.Pp
51.Bl -tag -width "/altroot/"
52.It Sy \&/
53root directory of the system
54.It Sy /COPYRIGHT
55system copyright notice, most often put on
56.Tn CD-ROM
57distributions.
58.It Sy "/[a-z]/"
59user filesystems
60.It Sy /altroot/
61alternate root filesystem, in case of disaster
62.\" .It Sy /amd/
63.\" home directories mount point; see
64.\" .Xr amd 8
65.It Sy /bin/
66utilities used in both single and multi-user environments
67.It Sy /boot*
68second-stage boot loader(s) for some platforms; see
69.Xr installboot 8
70.It Sy /dev/
71block, character and other special device files
72.Pp
73.Bl -tag -width "MAKEDEV" -compact
74.It Sy MAKEDEV
75script for creating device files;
76see
77.Xr makedev 8
78.It Sy console
79the computer's console device
80.It Sy drum
81system swap space; see
82.Xr drum 4
83.It Sy fd/
84file descriptor files;
85see
86.Xr fd 4
87.It Sy klog
88kernel logging device; see
89.Xr syslog 3
90.It Sy kmem
91kernel virtual memory device; see
92.Xr mem 4
93.It Sy log
94.Ux
95domain datagram log socket; see
96.Xr syslogd 8
97.It Sy mem
98kernel physical memory device; see
99.Xr mem 4
100.It Sy null
101the null device; see
102.Xr null 4
103.It Sy stderr
104.It Sy stdin
105.It Sy stdout
106file descriptor files;
107see
108.Xr fd 4
109.It Sy tty
110process' controlling terminal device; see
111.Xr tty 4
112.It Sy zero
113the zero device; see
114.Xr zero 4
115.El
116.\" .It Sy /dump/
117.\" online
118.\" .Xr dump 8
119.\" repository
120.It Sy /etc/
121system configuration files and scripts
122.Pp
123.Bl -tag -width "master.passwd" -compact
124.It Sy amd*
125configuration files for
126.Xr amd 8
127.It Sy changelist
128files backed up by the security script
129.It Sy crontab
130schedule used by the
131.Xr cron 8
132daemon
133.It Sy csh.cshrc
134.It Sy csh.login
135.It Sy csh.logout
136system-wide scripts for
137.Xr csh 1
138.It Sy daily
139script run each day by
140.Xr cron 8
141.It Sy daily.conf
142configuration file for
143.Sy daily ;
144see
145.Xr daily.conf 5
146.It Sy defaults/
147default configuration files read by various
148.Pa /etc/*.conf
149files
150.It Sy disktab
151disk description file, see
152.Xr disktab 5
153.It Sy dm.conf
154dungeon master configuration; see
155.Xr dm.conf 5
156.It Sy dumpdates
157dump history; see
158.Xr dump 8
159.It Sy exports
160filesystem export information; see
161.Xr mountd 8
162.It Sy fstab
163filesystem information; see
164.Xr fstab 5
165and
166.Xr mount 8
167.It Sy ftpusers
168users denied
169.Xr ftp 1
170access; see
171.Xr ftpd 8
172.It Sy ftpwelcome
173.Xr ftp 1
174initial message; see
175.Xr ftpd 8
176.It Sy gettytab
177terminal configuration database; see
178.Xr gettytab 5
179.It Sy group
180group permissions file; see
181.Xr group 5
182.It Sy hosts
183host name database backup for
184.Xr named 8 ;
185see
186.Xr hosts 5
187.It Sy hosts.equiv
188trusted machines with equivalent user ID's
189.It Sy hosts.lpd
190trusted machines with printing privileges
191.It Sy inetd.conf
192Internet server configuration file; see
193.Xr inetd 8
194.It Sy kerberosV/
195configuration files for the kerberos version V;
196see
197.Xr kerberos 8
198.It Sy localtime
199local timezone information;
200see
201.Xr ctime 3
202.It Sy mail/
203configuration files for
204.Xr sendmail 8
205.Pp
206.Bl -tag -width "sendmail.*" -compact
207.It Sy aliases*
208name alias files
209.It Sy sendmail.*
210.Xr sendmail 8
211configuration information
212.El
213.It Sy mail.rc
214system-wide initialization script for
215.Xr mail 1
216.It Sy man.conf
217configuration file for
218.Xr man 1 ;
219see
220.Xr man.conf 5
221.It Sy master.passwd
222Main password file, readable only by root; see
223.Xr passwd 5
224.It Sy mk.conf
225optional file containing
226.Xr make 1
227variables, read by pkgsrc and the system sources.
228.It Sy monthly
229script run each month by
230.Xr cron 8
231.It Sy monthly.conf
232configuration file for
233.Sy monthly ;
234see
235.Xr monthly.conf 5
236.It Sy motd
237system message of the day
238.It Sy mtree/
239mtree configuration files;
240see
241.Xr mtree 8
242.It Sy named.*
243.It Sy namedb/
244named configuration files and databases;
245see
246.Xr named 8
247.It Sy netgroup
248network groups; see
249.Xr netgroup 5
250.It Sy netstart
251network startup script
252.It Sy networks
253network name data base; see
254.Xr networks 5
255.It Sy passwd
256World readable password file generated from master.passwd; see
257.Xr passwd 5 ,
258.Xr pwd_mkdb 8
259.It Sy phones
260remote host phone number data base; see
261.Xr phones 5
262.It Sy printcap
263system printer configuration; see
264.Xr printcap 5
265.It Sy protocols
266protocol name database; see
267.Xr protocols 5
268.It Sy pwd.db
269database form of passwd file; see
270.Xr pwd_mkdb 8
271.It Sy rc
272master system startup script invoked by
273.Xr init 8 ;
274see
275.Xr rc 8
276.It Sy rc.conf
277configuration file for system startup and shutdown scripts; see
278.Xr rc.conf 5
279.It Sy rc.d/
280directory containing per-subsystem startup and shutdown scripts; see
281.Xr rc 8
282.It Sy rc.local
283locally editable system startup script
284.It Sy rc.shutdown
285master system shutdown script invoked by
286.Xr shutdown 8 ;
287see
288.Xr rc 8
289.It Sy remote
290remote host description file; see
291.Xr remote 5
292.It Sy security
293daily (in)security script run by
294.Xr cron 8
295.It Sy security.conf
296configuration file for
297.Sy security ;
298see
299.Xr security.conf 5
300.It Sy services
301service name data base; see
302.Xr services 5
303.It Sy shells
304list of permitted shells; see
305.Xr shells 5
306.It Sy sliphome/
307.Tn SLIP
308login/logout scripts; see
309.Xr sliplogin 8
310.It Sy spwd.db
311database form of master.passwd file; see
312.Xr pwd_mkdb 8
313.It Sy syslog.conf
314.Xr syslogd 8
315configuration file; see
316.Xr syslog.conf 5
317.It Sy termcap
318terminal type database; see
319.Xr termcap 3
320.It Sy ttys
321terminal initialization information; see
322.Xr ttys 5
323.It Sy uucp/
324UUCP configuration files; see
325.Xr uucp 1
326and
327.Xr uucico 8 .
328.It Sy weekly
329script run each week by
330.Xr cron 8
331.It Sy weekly.conf
332configuration file for
333.Sy weekly ;
334see
335.Xr weekly.conf 5
336.El
337.It Sy /home/
338mount point for the automounter; see
339.Xr amd 8
340.It Sy /lib/
341dynamic linked libraries used by dynamic linked programs
342(such as those in
343.Pa /bin/
344and
345.Pa /sbin/ )
346that cannot rely upon
347.Pa /usr/lib/
348being available.
349.It Sy /libexec/
350system utilities (such as the dynamic linker) required by programs
351and libraries that cannot rely upon
352.Pa /usr/libexec/
353being available.
354.It Sy /mnt/
355empty directory commonly used by
356system administrators as a temporary mount point
357.It Sy /netbsd
358pure kernel executable (the operating system loaded into memory
359at boot time).
360.It Sy /rescue/
361statically linked rescue tools, for use in system recovery
362.It Sy /root/
363home directory for the super-user
364.Pp
365.Bl -tag -width ".profile" -compact
366.It Sy \&.cshrc
367super-user start-up file
368.It Sy \&.login
369super-user start-up file
370.It Sy \&.profile
371super-user start-up file
372.It Sy \&.rhosts
373super-user id mapping between machines
374.El
375.ne 1i
376.It Sy /sbin/
377system programs and administration utilities
378used in both single-user and multi-user environments
379.It Sy /stand/
380programs used in a standalone environment
381.It Sy /tmp/
382temporary files, usually a
383.Xr mfs 8
384memory-based filesystem (the contents of
385.Pa /tmp
386are usually
387.Em not
388preserved across a system reboot)
389.It Sy /usr/
390contains the majority of the system utilities and files
391.Pp
392.Bl -tag -width "libdata/" -compact
393.It Sy X11R6/
394X11 files
395.Pp
396.Bl -tag -width "include/" -compact
397.It Sy bin/
398X11 binaries
399.It Sy include/
400X11 include files
401.It Sy lib/
402X11 libraries
403.El
404.Pp
405.It Sy bin/
406common utilities, programming tools, and applications
407.It Sy games/
408the important stuff
409.It Sy include/
410standard C include files
411.Pp
412.Bl -tag -width "protocols/" -compact
413.It Sy arpa/
414include files for Internet service protocols
415.It Sy atf/
416include files for the Automated Testing Framework; see
417.Xr atf 1
418.It Sy g++/
419include files for the C++ compiler
420.It Sy machine/
421machine specific include files
422.It Sy net/
423.It Sy netatalk/
424C include files for AppleTalk protocols
425miscellaneous network include files;
426see
427.Xr atalk 4
428.It Sy netinet/
429include files for Internet standard protocols; see
430.Xr inet 4
431.It Sy netinet6/
432include files for Internet protocol version 6; see
433.Xr inet6 4
434.It Sy netiso/
435include files for ISO standard protocols; see
436.Xr iso 4
437.It Sy netkey/
438include files for secret key management, used for security protocols; see
439.Xr ipsec 4
440.It Sy netnatm/
441C include files for native mode ATM
442.It Sy nfs/
443C include files for NFS (Network File System)
444.It Sy protocols/
445C include files for Berkeley service protocols
446.It Sy sys/
447system C include files (kernel data structures)
448.It Sy ufs/
449C include files for UFS (The U-word File System)
450.El
451.Pp
452.It Sy lib/
453archive, profiled, position independent archive, and shared libraries
454.It Sy libdata/
455miscellaneous utility data files
456.It Sy libexec/
457system daemons \*[Am] system utilities (executed by other programs)
458.Pp
459.Bl -tag -width "uucp/" -compact
460.It Sy uucp/
461UUCP binaries and scripts (historically placed; to be moved)
462.El
463.Pp
464.It Sy lkm/
465loadable kernel modules
466.It Sy mdec/
467boot blocks, etc.
468.It Sy obj/
469architecture-specific target tree produced by building the
470.Pa /usr/src
471tree; normally a symbolic link or mounted filesystem
472.It Sy pkg/
473packages maintained by groups other than the
474.Nx
475Project.
476.Pp
477.Bl -tag -width "include/" -compact
478.It Sy bin/
479contributed binaries
480.It Sy include/
481contributed include files
482.It Sy lib/
483contributed libraries
484.It Sy libdata/
485contributed data files
486.It Sy libexec/
487contributed daemons
488.It Sy sbin/
489contributed system utilities
490.El
491.Pp
492.It Sy pkgsrc/
493build descriptions ("packages") for the
494.Nx
495packages system.
496.Pp
497.Bl -tag -width "distfilesX" -compact
498.It Sy distfiles/
499Where unchanged source archives are fetched to/stored
500.It Sy packages/
501Where compiled binary packages are stored
502.El
503.Pp
504There are also several other subdirectories which contain packages of
505a certain category, e.g., archivers, graphics, ...
506.Pp
507.It Sy sbin/
508system daemons and system utilities (normally executed by the super-user)
509.It Sy share/
510architecture-independent text files
511.Pp
512.Bl -tag -width "calendar/" -compact
513.It Sy calendar/
514a variety of calendar files; see
515.Xr calendar 1
516.It Sy dict/
517word lists;
518see
519.Xr look 1
520and
521.Xr spell 1
522.Pp
523.Bl -tag -width "special/" -compact
524.It Sy words
525common words
526.It Sy web2
527words of Webster's 2nd International
528.It Sy papers/
529reference databases;
530see
531.Xr refer 1
532.It Sy special/
533custom word lists;
534see
535.Xr spell 1
536.El
537.Pp
538.It Sy doc/
539miscellaneous documentation; source for most of the printed
540.Bx 4.3
541manuals (available
542from the
543.Tn USENIX
544association)
545.It Sy games/
546text files used by various games
547.It Sy i18n/
548internationalization databases; see
549.Xr iconv 3
550.It Sy lkm/
551documentation on the loadable kernel modules interface
552.It Sy locale/
553locale databases and gettext message catalogs; see
554.Xr setlocale 3
555and
556.Xr gettext 3
557.It Sy man/
558formatted manual pages
559.It Sy me/
560macros for use with the
561.Xr me 7
562macro package
563.It Sy misc/
564miscellaneous system-wide text files
565.Pp
566.Bl -tag -width "termcap" -compact
567.It Sy termcap
568terminal characteristics database;
569see
570.Xr termcap 5
571.El
572.Pp
573.It Sy mk/
574include files for
575.Xr make 1
576.It Sy ms/
577macros for use with the
578.Xr ms 7
579macro package
580.It Sy nls/
581message catalogs; see
582.Xr catgets 3
583.It Sy skel/
584sample initialization files for new user accounts
585.It Sy tabset/
586tab description files for a variety of terminals, used in
587the termcap file;
588see
589.Xr termcap 5
590.It Sy tmac/
591text processing macros;
592see
593.Xr nroff 1
594and
595.Xr troff 1
596.It Sy zoneinfo/
597timezone configuration information;
598see
599.Xr tzfile 5
600.El
601.It Sy tests/
602test programs; see
603.Xr atf-run 1
604for information on how to run them
605.El
606.Pp
607.It Sy /usr/src/
608.Nx
609and local source files
610.Pp
611.Bl -tag -width "domestic/" -compact
612.It Sy bin/
613source for utilities/files in
614.Pa /bin
615.It Sy common/
616sources shared between kernel and userland
617.It Sy crypto/
618cryptographic source, which may have import or export restrictions
619.It Sy dist/
620third-party
621.Sq virgin
622source code, referenced by other parts of the source tree
623.It Sy distrib/
624tools and data-files for making distributions
625.It Sy doc/
626documentation about the source tree (i.e., about the tree, not about
627how to use the built software.)
628.It Sy etc/
629source (usually example files) for files in
630.Pa /etc
631.It Sy external/
632source for programs from external third parties
633(where
634.Nx
635is the not the primary maintainer),
636grouped by license, and then products per license
637.Pp
638.Bl -tag -width "bsd/" -compact
639.It Sy bsd/
640BSD (or equivalent) licensed software,
641possibly with the
642.Dq advertising clause
643.El
644.Pp
645.It Sy games/
646source for utilities/files in
647.Pa /usr/games
648.It Sy gnu/
649source for programs covered by the
650.Tn GNU
651license (or similar)
652.It Sy include/
653source for files in
654.Pa /usr/include
655.It Sy lib/
656source for libraries in
657.Pa /usr/lib
658.It Sy libexec/
659source for utilities/files in
660.Pa /usr/libexec
661.It Sy regress/
662various regression tests
663.It Sy rescue/
664source/makefiles for /rescue
665.It Sy sbin/
666source for utilities/files in
667.Pa /sbin
668.It Sy share/
669source for files in
670.Pa /usr/share
671.Pp
672.Bl -tag -width "doc/" -compact
673.It Sy doc/
674.Pp
675.Bl -tag -width "papers/" -compact
676.It Sy papers/
677source for various Berkeley technical papers
678.It Sy psd/
679source for Programmer's Supplementary Documents
680.It Sy smm/
681source for System Manager's Manual
682.It Sy usd/
683source for User's Supplementary Documents
684.Pp
685.El
686.El
687.It Sy sys/
688kernel source files
689.Pp
690.Bl -tag -width "gdbscripts/" -compact
691.It Sy arch/
692architecture-specific support
693.Pp
694.Bl -tag -width "playstation2/" -compact
695.It Sy acorn26/
696Acorn Archimedes, A-series and R-series systems
697.It Sy acorn32/
698Acorn RiscPC/A7000 and VLSI RC7500
699.It Sy algor/
700Algorithmics Ltd. MIPS evaluations boards
701.It Sy alpha/
702Digital/Compaq Alpha
703.It Sy amd64/
704Computers with x86_64 capable CPUs
705.It Sy amiga/
706Commodore Amiga and MacroSystem DraCo
707.It Sy amigappc/
708PowerPC based Amiga boards
709.It Sy arc/
710MIPS-based machines following the Advanced RISC Computing spec
711.It Sy arm/
712ARM processor general support
713.It Sy atari/
714Atari TT030, Falcon and Hades
715.It Sy bebox/
716Be Inc. BeBox
717.It Sy cats/
718Chalice Technology's CATS and Intel's EBSA-285 evaluation boards
719.It Sy cesfic/
720CES FIC8234 VME processor board
721.It Sy cobalt/
722Cobalt Networks' MIPS-based Microserver
723.It Sy dreamcast/
724Sega Dreamcast game console
725.It Sy evbarm/
726ARM based evaluation boards
727.It Sy evbmips/
728MIPS based evaluation boards
729.It Sy evbppc/
730PowerPC based evaluation boards and appliances
731.It Sy evbsh3/
732SH3/SH4 based evaluation boards
733.It Sy ews4800mips/
734NEC's MIPS based EWS4800 workstations
735.It Sy hp300/
736Hewlett-Packard 9000/300 and 400 680x0-based workstations
737.It Sy hp700/
738Hewlett-Packard 9000/700 HPPA based workstations
739.It Sy hpcarm/
740StrongARM based WinCE PDA machines
741.It Sy hpcmips/
742MIPS based WinCE PDA machines
743.It Sy hpcsh/
744Hitachi SH3/4 based WinCE PDA machines
745.It Sy hppa/
746HPPA processor general support
747.It Sy i386/
74880x86-based IBM PCs and clones
749.It Sy ibmnws/
750IBM Network Station 1000
751.It Sy iyonix/
752Castle Technology's Iyonix ARM based PCs
753.It Sy luna68k/
754Omron Tateishi Electric's 680x0-based LUNA workstations
755.It Sy m68k/
756680x0 processor general support
757.It Sy mac68k/
758Apple Macintosh with 68k CPU
759.It Sy macppc/
760Apple Power Macintosh and clones
761.It Sy mips/
762MIPS processor general support
763.It Sy mipsco/
764MIPS Computer Systems Inc. family of workstations and servers
765.It Sy mmeye/
766Brains Inc. SH3 based mmEye multimedia server
767.It Sy mvme68k/
768Motorola MVME 680x0-based SBCs
769.It Sy mvmeppc/
770Motorola PowerPC VME SBCs
771.It Sy netwinder/
772StrongARM based NetWinder machines
773.It Sy news68k/
774Sony's 680x0-based NEWS workstations
775.It Sy newsmips/
776Sony's MIPS-based NEWS workstations
777.It Sy next68k/
778NeXT 68k "black" hardware
779.It Sy ofppc/
780Open Firmware PowerPC workstations
781.It Sy playstation2/
782SONY PlayStation 2
783.It Sy pmax/
784Digital MIPS-based DECstations and DECsystems
785.It Sy powerpc/
786PowerPC processor support
787.It Sy prep/
788PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform) and CHRP machines
789.It Sy sandpoint/
790Motorola Sandpoint reference platform
791.It Sy sbmips/
792Broadcom/SiByte evaluation boards
793.It Sy sgimips/
794Silicon Graphics' MIPS-based workstations
795.It Sy sh3/
796SH3/SH4 processor general support
797.It Sy shark/
798Digital DNARD ("Shark")
799.It Sy sparc/
800Sun Microsystems SPARC (32-bit) and UltraSPARC (in 32-bit mode)
801.It Sy sparc64/
802Sun Microsystems UltraSPARC (in native 64-bit mode)
803.It Sy sun2/
804Sun Microsystems 68010-based Sun 2 architecture
805.It Sy sun3/
806Sun Microsystems 68020/68030-based Sun 3/3x architecture
807.It Sy sun68k/
808680x0-based Sun architecture general support
809.It Sy vax/
810Digital VAX
811.It Sy x68k/
812Sharp X680x0 680x0-based workstations
813.It Sy x86/
814General support for PC/AT compatibles with ia32 or x86_64 CPUs
815.It Sy xen/
816The Xen virtual machine monitor
817.It Sy zaurus/
818Sharp C3x00 Arm based PDA
819.El
820.Pp
821.It Sy compat/
822kernel compatibility modules directory
823.Pp
824.Bl -tag -width "ossaudio/" -compact
825.It Sy common/
826common compatibility routines, old
827.Bx 4
828and
829.Nx
830routines.
831.It Sy freebsd/
832support for
833.Fx
834binaries; see
835.Xr compat_freebsd 8
836.It Sy hpux/
837support for 68000 HP-UX binaries
838.It Sy ibcs2/
839support for Intel Binary binaries
840.It Sy linux/
841support for Linux binaries; see
842.Xr compat_linux 8
843.It Sy m68k4k/
844support for 4KB page 68000 binaries
845.It Sy netbsd32/
846support for
847.Nx
84832-bit binaries on 64 bit platforms with compatible CPU families
849.It Sy osf1/
850support for
851.Tn Digital
852.Ux
853.Po
854formerly
855.Tn OSF/1
856.Pc
857binaries
858.It Sy ossaudio/
859support for OSS audio
860.It Sy pecoff/
861support for
862.Tn Win32
863binaries; see
864.Xr compat_pecoff 8
865.It Sy sunos/
866support for
867.Tn SunOS 4.x
868binaries; see
869.Xr compat_sunos 8
870.It Sy svr4/
871support for System V Release 4 binaries; see
872.Xr compat_svr4 8
873.It Sy ultrix/
874support for
875.Tn ULTRIX
876binaries
877.It Sy vax1k/
878support for older VAX binaries that started on a 1 KB boundary
879.El
880.Pp
881.It Sy conf/
882architecture independent configuration directory
883.It Sy crypto/
884cryptographic kernel source, which may have import or export restrictions
885.It Sy ddb/
886in kernel debugger
887.It Sy dev/
888architecture independent device support
889.It Sy fs/
890miscellaneous file systems
891.Bl -tag -width "filecorefs/" -compact
892.It Sy adosfs/
893AmigaDOS file-system support; see
894.Xr mount_ados 8
895.It Sy cd9660/
896support for the ISO-9660 filesystem; see
897.Xr mount_cd9660 8
898.It Sy filecorefs/
899support for the Acorn RISC OS filecore filesystem; see
900.Xr mount_filecore 8
901.It Sy msdosfs/
902.Tn MS-DOS
903file system; see
904.Xr mount_msdos 8
905.It Sy ntfs/
906NTFS filesystem support; see
907.Xr mount_ntfs 8
908.It Sy ptyfs/
909pseudo-terminal device filesystem; see
910.Xr mount_ptyfs 8
911.It Sy smbfs/
912SMB/CIFS filesystem support; see
913.Xr mount_smbfs 8
914.It Sy union/
915union file system; see
916.Xr mount_union 8
917.El
918.It Sy gdbscripts/
919support for accessing kernel structures from within the debugger
920.Xr gdb 1 .
921.It Sy ipkdb/
922support for kernel debugging over the network
923.Pp
924.It Sy kern/
925support for the high kernel (system calls)
926.It Sy lib/
927kernel libraries
928.Pp
929.Bl -tag -width "libkern/" -compact
930.It Sy libkern/
931C library routines used in the kernel
932.It Sy libsa/
933machine independent stand alone kernel library
934.It Sy libz/
935compression library
936.El
937.Pp
938.It Sy lkm/
939loadable kernel modules
940.Pp
941.Bl -tag -width "gdbscripts/" -compact
942.It Sy compat/
943LKM support compatibility modules;  currently unsupported.
944.It Sy netinet/
945LKM support networking modules
946.Pp
947.Bl -tag -width "if_ipl/" -compact
948.It Sy if_ipl/
949LKM for IP-Filter
950.El
951.Pp
952.It Sy vfs/
953LKM support for file systems.
954.El
955.Pp
956.It Sy miscfs/
957miscellaneous file systems
958.Pp
959.Bl -tag -width "deadfs/" -compact
960.It Sy deadfs/
961kernel only dead file system
962.It Sy fdesc/
963file descriptor file system; see
964.Xr mount_fdesc 8
965.It Sy fifofs/
966POSIX FIFO support
967.It Sy genfs/
968kernel only generic file system
969.It Sy kernfs/
970kernel namespace file system; see
971.Xr mount_kernfs 8
972.It Sy nullfs/
973loop back file system; see
974.Xr mount_null 8
975.It Sy overlay/
976overlay file system; see
977.Xr mount_overlay 8
978.It Sy portal/
979portal file system; see
980.Xr mount_portal 8
981.It Sy procfs/
982process file system; see
983.Xr mount_procfs 8
984.It Sy specfs/
985kernel only special file system
986.It Sy syncfs/
987kernel trickle sync algorithm
988.It Sy umapfs/
989user and group re-mapping file system; see
990.Xr mount_umap 8
991.El
992.Pp
993.It Sy net/
994miscellaneous networking support
995.It Sy netatalk/
996AppleTalk networking support
997.It Sy netinet/
998IP networking support
999.It Sy netinet6/
1000IPv6 networking support
1001.It Sy netiso/
1002ISO networking support
1003.It Sy netkey/
1004Key database for IPsec networking support
1005.It Sy netnatm/
1006ATM networking support
1007.It Sy nfs/
1008NFS support
1009.It Sy stand/
1010kernel standalone support
1011.It Sy sys/
1012kernel (and system) include files
1013.It Sy ufs/
1014local filesystem support
1015.Pp
1016.Bl -tag -width "ffs/" -compact
1017.It Sy ffs/
1018the Berkeley Fast File System
1019.It Sy lfs/
1020the log-structured file system
1021.It Sy mfs/
1022the in-memory file system
1023.It Sy ufs/
1024shared
1025.Ux
1026file system support
1027.El
1028.It Sy uvm/
1029UVM virtual memory system
1030.El
1031.It Sy tests/
1032source for test programs in
1033.Pa /usr/tests
1034.It Sy usr.bin/
1035source for utilities/files in
1036.Pa /usr/bin
1037.It Sy usr.sbin/
1038source for utilities/files in
1039.Pa /usr/sbin
1040.El
1041.It Sy /var/
1042multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files
1043.Pp
1044.Bl -tag -width "preserve/" -compact
1045.It Sy account/
1046system accounting files
1047.Pp
1048.Bl -tag -width "acct" -compact
1049.It Sy acct
1050execution accounting file;
1051see
1052.Xr acct 5
1053.El
1054.Pp
1055.It Sy at/
1056timed command scheduling files;
1057see
1058.Xr at 1
1059.It Sy backups/
1060miscellaneous backup files, largely of files found in
1061.Pa /etc
1062.It Sy chroot/
1063home directories of applications which are run in a
1064.Xr chroot 8
1065.Dq cage .
1066.It Sy crash/
1067system crash dumps; see
1068.Xr savecore 8
1069.It Sy cron/
1070scheduled commands configuration files; see
1071.Xr cron 8
1072.It Sy db/
1073miscellaneous automatically generated system-specific database files,
1074and persistent files used in the maintenance of third party software.
1075.Pp
1076.Bl -tag -width "monthly.out" -compact
1077.It Sy pkg
1078default location for metadata related to third party software
1079packages.
1080See
1081.Xr pkg_install 1
1082for more details of the
1083.Nx
1084Packages Collection, or pkgsrc.
1085.El
1086.Pp
1087.It Sy games/
1088miscellaneous game status and log files
1089.It Sy heimdal/
1090Kerberos 5 KDC database; see
1091.Xr kdc 8
1092.It Sy log/
1093miscellaneous system log files
1094.Pp
1095.Bl -tag -width "monthly.out" -compact
1096.It Sy amd.*
1097.Xr amd 8
1098logs
1099.It Sy daily.out
1100output of the last run of the
1101.Pa /etc/daily
1102script
1103.It Sy ftp.*
1104.Xr ftp 1
1105logs
1106.It Sy kerberos.*
1107.Xr kerberos 8
1108logs
1109.It Sy lastlog
1110system last time logged in log; see
1111.Xr utmp 5
1112.It Sy lpd-errs.*
1113printer daemon error logs; see
1114.Xr lpd 8
1115.It Sy maillog.*
1116.Xr sendmail 8
1117log files
1118.It Sy messages.*
1119general system information log
1120.It Sy monthly.out
1121output of the last run of the
1122.Pa /etc/monthly
1123script
1124.It Sy secure
1125sensitive security information log
1126.It Sy sendmail.st
1127.Xr sendmail 8
1128statistics
1129.It Sy timed.*
1130.Xr timed 8
1131logs
1132.It Sy weekly.out
1133output of the last run of the
1134.Pa /etc/weekly
1135script
1136.It Sy wtmp
1137login/logout log;
1138see
1139.Xr utmp 5
1140.El
1141.Pp
1142.It Sy mail/
1143user system mailboxes
1144.It Sy msgs/
1145system messages; see
1146.Xr msgs 1
1147.\" since we use nvi (now called vi) this isn't the place any more, is it?
1148.It Sy preserve/
1149temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death of
1150.Xr ex 1
1151or
1152.Xr vi 1
1153.It Sy quotas/
1154filesystem quota information
1155.It Sy run/
1156system information files, rebuilt after each reboot
1157.Pp
1158.Bl -tag -width "utmp" -compact
1159.It Sy utmp
1160database of current users; see
1161.Xr utmp 5
1162.El
1163.Pp
1164.It Sy rwho/
1165rwho data files; see
1166.Xr rwhod 8 ,
1167.Xr rwho 1 ,
1168and
1169.Xr ruptime 1
1170.It Sy spool/
1171miscellaneous printer and mail system spooling directories
1172.Pp
1173.Bl -tag -width "uucppublic/" -compact
1174.It Sy ftp/
1175commonly
1176.Dq ~ftp ,
1177the anonymous ftp root directory; see
1178.Xr ftpd 8
1179.It Sy mqueue/
1180sendmail mail queue;
1181see
1182.Xr sendmail 8
1183.It Sy news/
1184Network news archival and spooling directories
1185.It Sy output/
1186printer spooling directories
1187.It Sy postfix/
1188postfix mail queue;
1189see
1190.Xr postfix 1
1191.It Sy uucp/
1192uucp spool directory
1193.It Sy uucppublic/
1194commonly
1195.Dq ~uucp ,
1196the uucp public temporary directory; see
1197.Xr uucp 1
1198.El
1199.Pp
1200.It Sy tmp/
1201temporary files that are not discarded between system reboots
1202.Pp
1203.Bl -tag -width "vi.recover/" -compact
1204.It Sy vi.recover/
1205recovery directory for new
1206.Xr vi 1
1207.El
1208.Pp
1209.It Sy yp/
1210Databases and configuration for the NIS (YP) system; see
1211.Xr nis 8 .
1212.El
1213.El
1214.Sh SEE ALSO
1215.Xr apropos 1 ,
1216.Xr ls 1 ,
1217.Xr whatis 1 ,
1218.Xr whereis 1 ,
1219.Xr which 1
1220.Sh HISTORY
1221A
1222.Nm
1223manual page appeared in
1224.At v7 .
1225