1.\" $NetBSD: hier.7,v 1.141 2023/09/02 17:40:45 riastradh Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 15.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 16.\" without specific prior written permission. 17.\" 18.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 19.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 20.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 21.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 22.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 23.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 24.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 25.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 26.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 27.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 28.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 29.\" 30.\" @(#)hier.7 8.5 (Berkeley) 6/1/94 31.\" 32.Dd May 12, 2020 33.Dt HIER 7 34.Os 35.Sh NAME 36.Nm hier 37.Nd layout of file systems 38.Sh DESCRIPTION 39An outline of the file system hierarchy. 40.Pp 41Naming is very important. 42The 43.Ux 44System relies on filename conventions for much of its power as a system. 45The following file system layout describes generally where things are 46and what they are, with references to other man pages for more detailed 47documentation. 48.Pp 49Not all files will be in every system. 50.Bl -tag -width "/altroot/" 51.It Pa \&/ 52Root directory of the system. 53.It Pa /COPYRIGHT 54System copyright notice, most often put on CD-ROM distributions. 55.It Pa "/[a-z]/" 56User file systems. 57.It Pa /altroot/ 58Alternate root file system, in case of disaster. 59.\" .It Pa /amd/ 60.\" Home directories mount point; see 61.\" .Xr amd 8 . 62.It Pa /bin/ 63Utilities used in both single and multi-user environments. 64.It Pa /boot* 65Second-stage boot loader(s) for some platforms; see 66.Xr installboot 8 . 67.It Pa /cdrom/ 68Empty directory commonly used by 69system administrators as a temporary mount point for ISO-9660 file 70systems on CD (or DVD) media. 71.It Pa /dev/ 72Block, character, and other special device files. 73.Pp 74.Bl -tag -width "MAKEDEV" -compact 75.It Pa MAKEDEV 76Script for creating device files; 77see 78.Xr makedev 8 . 79.It Pa console 80The computer's console device. 81.It Pa drum 82The computer's swap space device; see 83.Xr drum 4 . 84.It Pa fd/ 85File descriptor files; 86see 87.Xr fd 4 . 88.It Pa klog 89Kernel logging device; see 90.Xr syslog 3 . 91.It Pa kmem 92Kernel virtual memory device; see 93.Xr mem 4 . 94.It Pa log 95.Ux 96domain datagram log socket; see 97.Xr syslogd 8 . 98.It Pa mem 99Kernel physical memory device; see 100.Xr mem 4 . 101.It Pa null 102The null device; see 103.Xr null 4 . 104.It Pa pts/ 105Mount point for the pseudo-terminal device file system; see 106.Xr mount_ptyfs 8 . 107.It Pa stderr 108.It Pa stdin 109.It Pa stdout 110File descriptor files; 111see 112.Xr fd 4 . 113.It Pa tty 114Device pointing to each process's own controlling terminal; see 115.Xr tty 4 . 116.It Pa zero 117The zero device; see 118.Xr zero 4 . 119.El 120.\" .It Pa /dump/ 121.\" Online 122.\" .Xr dump 8 123.\" repository. 124.It Pa /etc/ 125System configuration files and scripts. 126.Pp 127.Bl -tag -width "master.passwd" -compact 128.It Pa amd* 129Configuration files for 130.Xr amd 8 . 131.It Pa changelist 132Files backed up by the 133.Pa security 134script. 135.It Pa crontab 136Schedule used by the 137.Xr cron 8 138daemon. 139.It Pa csh.cshrc 140.It Pa csh.login 141.It Pa csh.logout 142System-wide scripts for 143.Xr csh 1 . 144.It Pa daily 145Script run each day by 146.Xr cron 8 . 147.It Pa daily.conf 148Configuration file for 149.Pa daily ; 150see 151.Xr daily.conf 5 . 152.It Pa defaults/ 153Default configuration files read by various 154.Pa /etc/*.conf 155files. 156.It Pa disktab 157Disk description file; see 158.Xr disktab 5 . 159.It Pa dm.conf 160Dungeon master configuration; see 161.Xr dm.conf 5 . 162.It Pa dumpdates 163Dump history; see 164.Xr dump 8 . 165.It Pa exports 166File system export information; see 167.Xr mountd 8 . 168.It Pa fstab 169File system mounting table; see 170.Xr fstab 5 171and 172.Xr mount 8 . 173.It Pa ftpusers 174Users denied 175.Xr ftp 1 176access; see 177.Xr ftpd 8 . 178.It Pa ftpwelcome 179.Xr ftp 1 180initial message; see 181.Xr ftpd 8 . 182.It Pa gettytab 183Terminal configuration database; see 184.Xr gettytab 5 . 185.It Pa group 186Group permissions file; see 187.Xr group 5 . 188.It Pa hosts 189Host name database backup for 190.Xr named 8 ; 191see 192.Xr hosts 5 . 193.It Pa hosts.equiv 194Trusted machines with equivalent user IDs. 195(Obsolete.) 196.It Pa hosts.lpd 197Trusted machines with printing privileges. 198.It Pa inetd.conf 199Internet server configuration file; see 200.Xr inetd 8 . 201.It Pa kerberosV/ 202Configuration files for Kerberos version V; 203see 204.Xr kerberos 8 . 205.It Pa localtime 206Local time zone; 207see 208.Xr ctime 3 . 209.It Pa login.conf 210Configuration of user classes and limits; see 211.Xr login.conf 5 . 212.It Pa mail/ 213Configuration files for 214.Xr sendmail 1 . 215.Pp 216.Bl -tag -width "sendmail.*" -compact 217.It Pa aliases* 218Username alias files. 219.It Pa sendmail.* 220.Xr sendmail 1 221configuration information. 222.El 223.It Pa mail.rc 224System-wide initialization script for 225.Xr mail 1 . 226.It Pa man.conf 227Configuration file for 228.Xr man 1 ; 229see 230.Xr man.conf 5 . 231.It Pa master.passwd 232Main password file, readable only by root; see 233.Xr passwd 5 . 234.It Pa mk.conf 235Optional file containing 236.Xr make 1 237variables, used to configure pkgsrc and the system sources. 238.It Pa monthly 239Script run each month by 240.Xr cron 8 . 241.It Pa monthly.conf 242Configuration file for 243.Pa monthly ; 244see 245.Xr monthly.conf 5 . 246.It Pa motd 247System message of the day. 248.It Pa mtree/ 249.Xr mtree 8 250configuration files. 251.It Pa named.* 252.It Pa namedb/ 253.Xr named 8 254configuration files and databases. 255.It Pa netgroup 256Network groups; see 257.Xr netgroup 5 . 258.It Pa networks 259Network name database; see 260.Xr networks 5 . 261.It Pa openssl/ 262OpenSSL TLS trust anchors, configuration file, private keys, and 263more. 264Returned by 265.Xr X509_get_default_cert_area 3 . 266.Bl -tag -width "certs/" -compact 267.It Pa certs/ 268Hashed directory of trust anchors for TLS certificate validation. 269Managed by 270.Xr certctl 8 271according to 272.Pa certs.conf . 273See 274.Xr openssl_rehash 1 . 275Returned by 276.Xr X509_get_default_cert_dir 3 . 277.It Pa certs/ca-certificates.crt 278Bundle of TLS anchors in PEM format formed by concatenation of 279PEM-format certificates. 280Managed by 281.Xr certctl 8 282according to 283.Pa certs.conf . 284.It Pa certs.conf 285Configuration file for 286.Xr certctl 8 . 287.It Pa misc/ 288Miscellaneous OpenSSL scripts. 289Unused in 290.Nx 291base. 292.It Pa openssl.cnf 293Optional default OpenSSL configuration file. 294See 295.Xr openssl_config 5 . 296Returned by 297.Xr CONF_get1_default_config_file 3 . 298.It Pa private/ 299Private key area. 300Read/write/execute permitted only by root. 301Unused in 302.Nx 303base. 304Returned by 305.Xr X509_get_default_private_dir 3 . 306.El 307.It Pa passwd 308World readable password file generated from master.passwd; see 309.Xr passwd 5 , 310.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 311.It Pa phones 312Remote host telephone number data base; see 313.Xr phones 5 . 314.It Pa printcap 315Printer configuration for 316.Xr lpr 1 ; 317see 318.Xr printcap 5 . 319.It Pa profile 320System-wide scripts for 321.Xr sh 1 . 322.It Pa protocols 323Protocol name database; see 324.Xr protocols 5 . 325.It Pa pwd.db 326Database form of passwd file; see 327.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 328.It Pa rc 329Master system startup script invoked by 330.Xr init 8 ; 331see 332.Xr rc 8 . 333.It Pa rc.conf 334Configuration file for system startup and shutdown scripts; see 335.Xr rc.conf 5 . 336.It Pa rc.d/ 337Directory containing per-subsystem startup and shutdown scripts; see 338.Xr rc 8 . 339.It Pa rc.local 340Locally editable system startup script. 341.It Pa rc.shutdown 342Master system shutdown script invoked by 343.Xr shutdown 8 ; 344see 345.Xr rc 8 . 346.It Pa remote 347Remote host description file; see 348.Xr remote 5 . 349.It Pa security 350Daily (in)security script run by 351.Xr cron 8 . 352.It Pa security.conf 353Configuration file for 354.Pa security ; 355see 356.Xr security.conf 5 . 357.It Pa services 358Service name data base; see 359.Xr services 5 . 360.It Pa shells 361List of permitted shells; see 362.Xr shells 5 . 363.It Pa skel/ 364Sample initialization files for new user accounts. 365.It Pa sliphome/ 366SLIP login/logout scripts; see 367.Xr sliplogin 8 . 368.It Pa spwd.db 369Database form of master.passwd file; see 370.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 371.It Pa syslog.conf 372.Xr syslogd 8 373Configuration file; see 374.Xr syslog.conf 5 . 375.It Pa ttyaction 376Login hooks for specific ttys, typically used to chown console 377devices. 378See 379.Xr ttyaction 5 . 380.It Pa ttys 381Terminal initialization information; see 382.Xr ttys 5 . 383.It Pa weekly 384Script run each week by 385.Xr cron 8 . 386.It Pa weekly.conf 387Configuration file for 388.Pa weekly ; 389see 390.Xr weekly.conf 5 . 391.El 392.It Pa /home/ 393Default location for user home directories. 394.It Pa /kern/ 395Mount point for the kern file system; see 396.Xr mount_kernfs 8 . 397.It Pa /lib/ 398Dynamic linked libraries used by dynamically linked programs 399that cannot rely upon 400.Pa /usr/lib/ 401being available, such as those in 402.Pa /bin/ 403and 404.Pa /sbin/ . 405.It Pa /libdata/ 406Non-executable files 407.Pq such as device firmware 408required at boot time, when 409.Pa /usr/libdata 410may not be available. 411.It Pa /libexec/ 412System utilities (such as the dynamic linker) required by programs 413and libraries that cannot rely upon 414.Pa /usr/libexec/ 415being available. 416.It Pa /mnt/ 417Empty directory commonly used by 418system administrators as a temporary mount point. 419.It Pa /net/ 420automounted NFS shares; 421see 422.Xr auto_master 5 423.It Pa /netbsd 424Kernel executable image (the operating system loaded into memory 425at boot time). 426.It Pa /proc/ 427Mount point for the process file system; see 428.Xr mount_procfs 8 . 429.It Pa /rescue/ 430Statically linked rescue tools, for use in system recovery. 431.It Pa /root/ 432Home directory for the super-user. 433.Pp 434.Bl -tag -width ".profile" -compact 435.It Pa \&.cshrc 436Super-user start-up file for 437.Xr csh 1 . 438.It Pa \&.login 439super-user start-up file for 440.Xr csh 1 . 441.It Pa \&.profile 442super-user start-up file for 443.Xr sh 1 . 444.It Pa \&.rhosts 445Super-user id mapping between machines. 446(Obsolete.) 447.El 448.It Pa /sbin/ 449System programs and administration utilities 450used in both single-user and multi-user environments. 451.It Pa /stand/ 452Programs used in a standalone environment, that is, things that run on 453bare hardware without a kernel. 454Currently kernel modules are also placed here, although this remains 455somewhat controversial and they may yet get moved. 456.It Pa /tmp/ 457Temporary files. 458The contents of 459.Pa /tmp 460are usually 461.Em not 462preserved across a system reboot. 463.It Pa /usr/ 464Contains the majority of the system utilities and files. 465.Pp 466.Bl -tag -width "libdata/" -compact 467.It Pa X11R7/ 468X11 files (for X11 revision 7). 469.Pp 470.Bl -tag -width "include/" -compact 471.It Pa bin/ 472X11 binaries. 473.It Pa include/ 474X11 include files. 475.It Pa lib/ 476X11 libraries. 477.El 478.Pp 479.It Pa bin/ 480Common utilities, programming tools, and applications. 481.It Pa games/ 482The important stuff. 483.It Pa include/ 484Standard C (and extension) include files. 485.Pp 486.Bl -tag -width "protocols/" -compact 487.It Pa arpa/ 488Include files for Internet service protocols. 489.It Pa atf/ 490Include files for the Automated Testing Framework; see 491.Xr atf 7 . 492.It Pa g++/ 493Include files for the GNU C++ compiler. 494.It Pa machine/ 495Machine specific include files. 496.It Pa net/ 497Miscellaneous network include files. 498.It Pa netatalk/ 499C include files for AppleTalk protocols 500see 501.Xr atalk 4 . 502.It Pa netinet/ 503Include files for Internet standard protocols; see 504.Xr inet 4 . 505.It Pa netinet6/ 506Include files for Internet protocol version 6; see 507.Xr inet6 4 . 508.It Pa netipsec/ 509Include files for secret key management, used for security protocols; see 510.Xr ipsec 4 . 511.It Pa nfs/ 512C include files for NFS (Network File System). 513.It Pa protocols/ 514C include files for Berkeley service protocols. 515.It Pa sys/ 516``System-level'' C include files. 517.It Pa ufs/ 518C include files for several mutually related file systems. 519(The `u' was originally for 520.Ux . ) 521.El 522.Pp 523.It Pa lib/ 524Archive, profiled, position independent archive, and shared libraries. 525.Pp 526.Bl -tag -width "lua/" -compact 527.It Pa lua/ 528.Bl -tag -width "5.3/" -compact 529.It Pa 5.3/ 530Lua 5.3 modules. 531.El 532.El 533.Pp 534.It Pa libdata/ 535Miscellaneous utility data files. 536.It Pa libexec/ 537System daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs). 538.Pp 539.It Pa mdec/ 540Boot blocks, etc. 541.It Pa obj/ 542Architecture-specific target tree produced by building the 543.Pa /usr/src 544tree; often a symbolic link or mounted file system. 545.It Pa pkg/ 546Installed third-party software packages. 547.Pp 548.Bl -tag -width "include/" -compact 549.It Pa bin/ 550Package binaries. 551.It Pa etc/ 552Package configuration files. 553.It Pa include/ 554Package include files. 555.It Pa lib/ 556Package libraries. 557.It Pa libdata/ 558Package data files. 559.It Pa libexec/ 560Package daemons. 561.It Pa sbin/ 562Package system utilities. 563.El 564.Pp 565.It Pa pkgsrc/ 566Build descriptions (packaging) for the 567.Nx 568package system. 569.Pp 570.Bl -tag -width "distfilesX" -compact 571.It Pa distfiles/ 572Downloaded upstream source archives. 573.It Pa packages/ 574Compiled binary packages. 575.El 576.Pp 577There are also several other subdirectories which contain packages of 578a certain category, e.g., archivers, graphics, ... 579.Pp 580.It Pa sbin/ 581System daemons and system utilities (normally executed by the super-user). 582.It Pa share/ 583Architecture-independent files, mostly text. 584.Pp 585.Bl -tag -width "calendar/" -compact 586.It Pa calendar/ 587A variety of calendar files; see 588.Xr calendar 1 . 589.It Pa dict/ 590Word lists; 591see 592.Xr look 1 593and 594.Xr spell 1 . 595.Pp 596.Bl -tag -width "special/" -compact 597.It Pa words 598Common words. 599.It Pa web2 600Words from Webster's Second International Dictionary. 601.It Pa papers/ 602Reference databases; 603see 604.Xr refer 1 . 605.It Pa special/ 606Custom word lists; 607see 608.Xr spell 1 . 609.El 610.Pp 611.It Pa doc/ 612Miscellaneous documentation. 613.It Pa games/ 614Data files used by various games. 615.It Pa i18n/ 616internationalization databases; see 617.Xr iconv 3 . 618.It Pa locale/ 619Locale databases and gettext message catalogs; see 620.Xr setlocale 3 621and 622.Xr gettext 3 . 623.It Pa man/ 624Manual pages. 625.It Pa me/ 626Macros for use with the 627.Xr me 7 628roff macro package. 629.It Pa misc/ 630Miscellaneous system-wide text files. 631.Pp 632.Bl -tag -width "terminfo.cdb" -compact 633.It Pa terminfo 634Terminal characteristics database; 635see 636.Xr terminfo 5 . 637.It Pa terminfo.cdb 638database form of terminfo file; see 639.Xr tic 1 . 640.El 641.Pp 642.It Pa mk/ 643Include files for 644.Xr make 1 . 645.It Pa ms/ 646Macros for use with the 647.Xr ms 7 648roff macro package. 649.It Pa nls/ 650Message catalogs; see 651.Xr catgets 3 . 652.It Pa tmac/ 653Text processing macros; 654see 655.Xr nroff 1 656and 657.Xr troff 1 . 658.It Pa zoneinfo/ 659Time zone database; 660see 661.Xr tzfile 5 . 662.El 663.It Pa tests/ 664Test programs; see 665.Xr tests 7 666for information on how to run them. 667.El 668.It Pa /usr/src/ 669.Nx 670and local source files. 671.Pp 672.Bl -tag -width "domestic/" -compact 673.It Pa bin/ 674Source for utilities/files in 675.Pa /bin . 676.It Pa common/ 677Sources shared between kernel and userland. 678.It Pa crypto/ 679Cryptographic source, which may have import or export restrictions. 680.It Pa dist/ 681Third-party 682.Sq virgin 683source code, referenced by other parts of the source tree. 684(Deprecated; use 685.Pa external/ 686instead.) 687.It Pa distrib/ 688Tools and data files for making 689.Nx 690releases and distributions. 691.It Pa doc/ 692Documentation about the source tree (i.e., about the tree, not about 693how to use the software in the tree.) 694.It Pa etc/ 695Source (usually example files) for files in 696.Pa /etc . 697.It Pa external/ 698Source for programs from external third parties 699(where 700.Nx 701is the not the primary maintainer), 702grouped by license, and then products per license. 703.Pp 704.Bl -tag -width "intel-fw-public/" -compact 705.It Pa apache2/ 706Apache 2.0 license. 707.It Pa bsd/ 708BSD (or equivalent) licensed software, 709possibly with the 710.Dq advertising clause . 711.It Pa broadcom/ 712Broadcom firmware license. 713.It Pa cddl/ 714Common Development and Distribution License (the Sun license which is 715based on the Mozilla Public License version 1.1). 716.It Pa gpl2/ 717GNU Public License, version 2 (or earlier). 718.It Pa gpl3/ 719GNU Public License, version 3. 720.It Pa historical/ 721Lucent's old license. 722.It Pa ibm-public/ 723IBM's public license. 724.It Pa intel-fw-eula/ 725Intel firmware license with redistribution restricted to OEM. 726.It Pa intel-fw-public/ 727Intel firmware license permitting redistribution with 728terms similar to BSD licensed software. 729.It Pa intel-public/ 730Intel license permitting redistribution with terms similar to 731BSD licensed software. 732.It Pa lgpl3/ 733GNU lesser general public license, version 3. 734.It Pa mit/ 735MIT (X11) style license. 736.It Pa mpl/ 737Mozilla Public License. 738.It Pa zlib/ 739BSD-like zlib license. 740.El 741.Pp 742.It Pa games/ 743Source for utilities/files in 744.Pa /usr/games . 745.It Pa include/ 746Source for files in 747.Pa /usr/include . 748.It Pa lib/ 749Source for libraries in 750.Pa /usr/lib . 751.It Pa libexec/ 752Source for utilities/files in 753.Pa /usr/libexec . 754.It Pa regress/ 755Various legacy regression tests. 756.It Pa rescue/ 757Source/makefiles for 758.Pa /rescue . 759.It Pa sbin/ 760Source for utilities/files in 761.Pa /sbin . 762.It Pa share/ 763Source for files in 764.Pa /usr/share . 765.Pp 766.Bl -tag -width "doc/" -compact 767.It Pa doc/ 768.Pp 769.Bl -tag -width "papers/" -compact 770.It Pa papers/ 771Source for various historical technical papers (many from Berkeley). 772.It Pa psd/ 773Source for Programmer's Supplementary Documents. 774.It Pa smm/ 775Source for System Manager's Manual. 776.It Pa usd/ 777Source for User's Supplementary Documents. 778.El 779.El 780.It Pa sys/ 781Kernel source files. 782.Pp 783.Bl -tag -width "gdbscripts/" -compact 784.It Pa arch/ 785Architecture-specific support. 786.Pp 787.Bl -tag -width "playstation2/" -compact 788.It Pa acorn32/ 789Acorn RiscPC/A7000 and VLSI RC7500. 790.It Pa algor/ 791Algorithmics Ltd. MIPS evaluations boards. 792.It Pa alpha/ 793Digital/Compaq Alpha. 794.It Pa amd64/ 795Computers with x86_64 capable CPUs. 796.It Pa amiga/ 797Commodore Amiga and MacroSystem DraCo. 798.It Pa amigappc/ 799PowerPC based Amiga boards. 800.It Pa arc/ 801MIPS-based machines following the Advanced RISC Computing spec. 802.It Pa arm/ 803ARM processor general support. 804.It Pa atari/ 805Atari TT030, Falcon and Hades. 806.It Pa bebox/ 807Be Inc. BeBox. 808.It Pa cats/ 809Chalice Technology's CATS and Intel's EBSA-285 evaluation boards. 810.It Pa cesfic/ 811CES FIC8234 VME processor board. 812.It Pa cobalt/ 813Cobalt Networks' MIPS-based Microserver. 814.It Pa dreamcast/ 815Sega Dreamcast game console. 816.It Pa emips/ 817Machines based on Extensible MIPS. 818.It Pa evbarm/ 819ARM based evaluation boards. 820.It Pa evbmips/ 821MIPS based evaluation boards. 822.It Pa evbppc/ 823PowerPC based evaluation boards and appliances. 824.It Pa evbsh3/ 825SH3/SH4 based evaluation boards. 826.It Pa ews4800mips/ 827NEC's MIPS based EWS4800 workstations. 828.It Pa hp300/ 829Hewlett-Packard 9000/300 and 400 680x0-based workstations. 830.It Pa hppa/ 831Hewlett-Packard 9000/700 and 9000/800 HPPA based workstations. 832.It Pa hpcarm/ 833StrongARM based WinCE PDA machines. 834.It Pa hpcmips/ 835MIPS based WinCE PDA machines. 836.It Pa hpcsh/ 837Hitachi SH3/4 based WinCE PDA machines. 838.It Pa hppa/ 839HPPA processor general support. 840.It Pa i386/ 84132-bit 80x86-based IBM PCs and clones. 842.It Pa ibmnws/ 843IBM Network Station 1000. 844.It Pa iyonix/ 845Castle Technology's Iyonix ARM based PCs. 846.It Pa luna68k/ 847Omron Tateishi Electric's 680x0-based LUNA workstations. 848.It Pa m68k/ 849680x0 processor general support. 850.It Pa mac68k/ 851Apple Macintosh with 68k CPU. 852.It Pa macppc/ 853Apple Power Macintosh and clones. 854.It Pa mips/ 855MIPS processor general support. 856.It Pa mipsco/ 857MIPS Computer Systems Inc. family of workstations and servers. 858.It Pa mmeye/ 859Brains Inc. SH3 based mmEye multimedia server. 860.It Pa mvme68k/ 861Motorola MVME 680x0-based SBCs. 862.It Pa mvmeppc/ 863Motorola PowerPC VME SBCs. 864.It Pa netwinder/ 865StrongARM based NetWinder machines. 866.It Pa news68k/ 867Sony's 680x0-based NEWS workstations. 868.It Pa newsmips/ 869Sony's MIPS-based NEWS workstations. 870.It Pa next68k/ 871NeXT 68k "black" hardware. 872.It Pa ofppc/ 873Open Firmware PowerPC workstations. 874.It Pa playstation2/ 875SONY PlayStation 2. 876.It Pa pmax/ 877Digital MIPS-based DECstations and DECsystems. 878.It Pa powerpc/ 879PowerPC processor general support. 880.It Pa prep/ 881PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform) and CHRP (Common Hardware Reference 882Platform) machines. 883.It Pa sandpoint/ 884Motorola Sandpoint reference platform. 885.It Pa sbmips/ 886Broadcom/SiByte evaluation boards. 887.It Pa sgimips/ 888Silicon Graphics' MIPS-based workstations. 889.It Pa sh3/ 890SH3/SH4 processor general support. 891.It Pa shark/ 892Digital DNARD ("Shark"). 893.It Pa sparc/ 894Sun Microsystems SPARC (32-bit) and UltraSPARC (in 32-bit mode). 895.It Pa sparc64/ 896Sun Microsystems UltraSPARC (in native 64-bit mode). 897.It Pa sun2/ 898Sun Microsystems 68010-based Sun 2 architecture. 899.It Pa sun3/ 900Sun Microsystems 68020/68030-based Sun 3/3x architecture. 901.It Pa sun68k/ 902680x0-based Sun architecture general support. 903.It Pa vax/ 904Digital VAX. 905.It Pa x68k/ 906Sharp X680x0 680x0-based workstations. 907.It Pa x86/ 908General support for PC/AT compatibles with ia32 or x86_64 CPUs. 909.It Pa xen/ 910The Xen virtual machine monitor. 911.It Pa zaurus/ 912Sharp C3x00 Arm based PDA. 913.El 914.Pp 915.It Pa compat/ 916Kernel compatibility modules directory. 917.Pp 918.Bl -tag -width "ossaudio/" -compact 919.It Pa common/ 920Common compatibility routines, old 921.Bx 4 922and 923.Nx 924routines. 925.It Pa freebsd/ 926Support for 927.Fx 928binaries; see 929.Xr compat_freebsd 8 . 930.It Pa hpux/ 931Support for 68000 HP-UX binaries. 932.It Pa linux/ 933Support for Linux binaries; see 934.Xr compat_linux 8 . 935.It Pa m68k4k/ 936Support for 4KB page 68000 binaries. 937.It Pa netbsd32/ 938Support for 939.Nx 94032-bit binaries on 64 bit platforms with compatible CPU families. 941.It Pa ossaudio/ 942Support for OSS audio. 943.It Pa sunos/ 944Support for SunOS 4.x binaries; see 945.Xr compat_sunos 8 . 946.It Pa ultrix/ 947Support for ULTRIX binaries. 948.It Pa vax1k/ 949Support for older VAX binaries that started on a 1 KB boundary. 950.El 951.Pp 952.It Pa conf/ 953Architecture independent configuration directory. 954.It Pa crypto/ 955Cryptographic kernel source, which may have import or export restrictions. 956.It Pa ddb/ 957In-kernel debugger. 958.It Pa dev/ 959Architecture independent device support. 960.It Pa fs/ 961File systems. 962See also 963.Pa ufs/ 964and 965.Pa miscfs/ . 966.Bl -tag -width "filecorefs/" -compact 967.It Pa adosfs/ 968AmigaDOS file-system support; see 969.Xr mount_ados 8 . 970.It Pa cd9660/ 971Support for the ISO-9660 file system; see 972.Xr mount_cd9660 8 . 973.It Pa filecorefs/ 974Support for the Acorn RISC OS filecore file system; see 975.Xr mount_filecore 8 . 976.It Pa msdosfs/ 977MS-DOS file system; see 978.Xr mount_msdos 8 . 979.It Pa ntfs/ 980NTFS file system support; see 981.Xr mount_ntfs 8 . 982.It Pa ptyfs/ 983Pseudo-terminal device file system; see 984.Xr mount_ptyfs 8 . 985.It Pa union/ 986Union file system; see 987.Xr mount_union 8 . 988.El 989.It Pa gdbscripts/ 990Support for accessing kernel structures from within the debugger 991.Xr gdb 1 . 992.Pp 993.It Pa kern/ 994Primary kernel source code. 995.It Pa lib/ 996Libraries supporting the kernel. 997.Pp 998.Bl -tag -width "libkern/" -compact 999.It Pa libkern/ 1000C library routines used in the kernel. 1001.It Pa libsa/ 1002Machine-independent standalone library, used by boot loaders. 1003.It Pa libz/ 1004Compression library. 1005.El 1006.Pp 1007.It Pa miscfs/ 1008More file systems. 1009.Pp 1010.Bl -tag -width "deadfs/" -compact 1011.It Pa deadfs/ 1012Kernel only dead file system. 1013.It Pa fdesc/ 1014File descriptor file system; see 1015.Xr mount_fdesc 8 . 1016.It Pa fifofs/ 1017POSIX FIFO (named pipe) support. 1018.It Pa genfs/ 1019Generic file system code that supports other file systems. 1020.It Pa kernfs/ 1021Kernel namespace file system; see 1022.Xr mount_kernfs 8 . 1023.It Pa nullfs/ 1024Loop back file system; see 1025.Xr mount_null 8 . 1026.It Pa overlay/ 1027Overlay file system; see 1028.Xr mount_overlay 8 . 1029.It Pa procfs/ 1030Process file system; see 1031.Xr mount_procfs 8 . 1032.It Pa specfs/ 1033Support for block and character special files. 1034.It Pa syncfs/ 1035Kernel trickle sync algorithm. 1036.It Pa umapfs/ 1037User and group re-mapping file system; see 1038.Xr mount_umap 8 . 1039.El 1040.Pp 1041.It Pa net/ 1042Miscellaneous networking support. 1043.It Pa netatalk/ 1044AppleTalk networking support. 1045.It Pa netinet/ 1046IP networking support. 1047.It Pa netinet6/ 1048IPv6 networking support. 1049.It Pa netipsec/ 1050Key database for IPsec networking support. 1051.It Pa nfs/ 1052NFS (network file system) support, both client and server. 1053.It Pa stand/ 1054Kernel standalone support. 1055.It Pa sys/ 1056Kernel (and system) include files. 1057.It Pa ufs/ 1058Still more file systems. 1059.Pp 1060.Bl -tag -width "ffs/" -compact 1061.It Pa chfs/ 1062A FFS-based file system for use on raw flash. 1063.It Pa ext2fs/ 1064The Linux ext2 file system. 1065.It Pa ffs/ 1066The Berkeley Fast File System. 1067.It Pa lfs/ 1068The Berkeley log-structured file system. 1069.It Pa mfs/ 1070The in-memory file system. 1071.It Pa ufs/ 1072Shared 1073.Ux 1074file system support. 1075.El 1076.It Pa uvm/ 1077UVM virtual memory system. 1078.El 1079.It Pa tests/ 1080Source for test programs in 1081.Pa /usr/tests . 1082.It Pa usr.bin/ 1083Source for utilities/files in 1084.Pa /usr/bin . 1085.It Pa usr.sbin/ 1086Source for utilities/files in 1087.Pa /usr/sbin . 1088.El 1089.It Pa /var/ 1090Multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files. 1091.Pp 1092.Bl -tag -width "preserve/" -compact 1093.It Pa account/ 1094System accounting files. 1095.Pp 1096.Bl -tag -width "acct" -compact 1097.It Pa acct 1098Execution accounting file; 1099see 1100.Xr acct 5 . 1101.El 1102.Pp 1103.It Pa at/ 1104Timed command scheduling files; 1105see 1106.Xr at 1 . 1107.It Pa backups/ 1108Miscellaneous backup files, largely of files found in 1109.Pa /etc . 1110.It Pa chroot/ 1111Home directories of applications which are run in a 1112.Xr chroot 8 1113.Dq cage . 1114.It Pa crash/ 1115System (kernel) crash dumps; see 1116.Xr savecore 8 . 1117.It Pa cron/ 1118Scheduled commands configuration files; see 1119.Xr cron 8 1120and 1121.Xr crontab 5 . 1122.It Pa db/ 1123Miscellaneous automatically generated system-specific database files, 1124and persistent files used in the maintenance of third party software. 1125.Pp 1126.Bl -tag -width "monthly.out" -compact 1127.It Pa pkg 1128Default location for metadata related to third party software 1129packages. 1130See 1131.Xr pkg_add 1 1132for more details of the 1133.Nx 1134Packages Collection, or pkgsrc. 1135.El 1136.Pp 1137.It Pa games/ 1138Miscellaneous game status, log, and high score files. 1139.It Pa heimdal/ 1140Kerberos 5 KDC database; see 1141.Xr kdc 8 . 1142.It Pa log/ 1143Miscellaneous system log files. 1144.Pp 1145.Bl -tag -width "monthly.out" -compact 1146.It Pa amd.* 1147.Xr amd 8 1148logs. 1149.It Pa daily.out 1150Output of the last run of the 1151.Pa /etc/daily 1152script. 1153.It Pa ftp.* 1154.Xr ftp 1 1155logs. 1156.It Pa kerberos.* 1157.Xr kerberos 8 1158logs. 1159.It Pa lastlog 1160System last-time-logged-in database; see 1161.Xr utmp 5 . 1162.It Pa lpd-errs.* 1163Printer daemon error logs; see 1164.Xr lpd 8 . 1165.It Pa maillog.* 1166.Xr sendmail 1 1167and 1168.Xr postfix 1 1169(and other mail-related) 1170log files. 1171.It Pa messages.* 1172General system information log. 1173.It Pa monthly.out 1174Output of the last run of the 1175.Pa /etc/monthly 1176script. 1177.It Pa secure 1178Sensitive security information log. 1179.It Pa sendmail.st 1180.Xr sendmail 1 1181statistics. 1182.It Pa timed.* 1183.Xr timed 8 1184logs. 1185.It Pa weekly.out 1186Output of the last run of the 1187.Pa /etc/weekly 1188script. 1189.It Pa wtmp 1190Login and logout log; 1191see 1192.Xr utmp 5 . 1193.It Pa wtmpx 1194Another login and logout log; see 1195.Xr utmpx 5 . 1196.El 1197.Pp 1198.It Pa mail/ 1199User e-mail inboxes. 1200.It Pa msgs/ 1201System messages; see 1202.Xr msgs 1 . 1203.\" since we use nvi (now called vi) this isn't the place any more, is it? 1204.It Pa preserve/ 1205Temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death of 1206.Xr ex 1 1207or 1208.Xr vi 1 . 1209.It Pa quotas/ 1210File system quota information. 1211(Legacy.) 1212.It Pa run/ 1213System information files, rebuilt after each reboot. 1214.Pp 1215.Bl -tag -width "utmp" -compact 1216.It Pa dmesg.boot 1217A dump from 1218.Xr dmesg 8 1219taken at boot time. 1220.It Pa utmp 1221Database of currently logged in users; see 1222.Xr utmp 5 . 1223.It Pa utmpx 1224Another database of currently logged in users; see 1225.Xr utmpx 5 . 1226.El 1227.Pp 1228.It Pa rwho/ 1229Rwho data files; see 1230.Xr rwhod 8 , 1231.Xr rwho 1 , 1232and 1233.Xr ruptime 1 . 1234.It Pa spool/ 1235Miscellaneous printer and mail system spooling directories. 1236.Pp 1237.Bl -tag -width "postfix/" -compact 1238.It Pa ftp/ 1239Commonly 1240.Dq ~ftp , 1241the anonymous ftp root directory; see 1242.Xr ftpd 8 . 1243.It Pa mqueue/ 1244Sendmail mail queue; 1245see 1246.Xr sendmail 1 . 1247.It Pa news/ 1248Network news archival and spooling directories. 1249.It Pa output/ 1250Printer spooling directories. 1251.It Pa postfix/ 1252Postfix mail queue; 1253see 1254.Xr postfix 1 . 1255.El 1256.Pp 1257.It Pa tmp/ 1258Temporary files that are not discarded between system reboots. 1259.Pp 1260.Bl -tag -width "vi.recover/" -compact 1261.It Pa vi.recover/ 1262Recovery directory for new (current) 1263.Xr vi 1 . 1264.El 1265.Pp 1266.It Pa yp/ 1267Databases and configuration for the NIS (YP) system; see 1268.Xr nis 8 . 1269.El 1270.El 1271.Sh SEE ALSO 1272.Xr apropos 1 , 1273.Xr ls 1 , 1274.Xr whatis 1 , 1275.Xr whereis 1 , 1276.Xr which 1 , 1277.Xr paths 3 1278.Sh HISTORY 1279A 1280.Nm 1281manual page appeared in 1282.At v7 . 1283