1.\" $NetBSD: hier.7,v 1.138 2020/01/10 14:56:00 maya Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993, 1994 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 15.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 16.\" without specific prior written permission. 17.\" 18.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 19.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 20.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 21.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 22.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 23.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 24.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 25.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 26.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 27.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 28.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 29.\" 30.\" @(#)hier.7 8.5 (Berkeley) 6/1/94 31.\" 32.Dd January 10, 2020 33.Dt HIER 7 34.Os 35.Sh NAME 36.Nm hier 37.Nd layout of file systems 38.Sh DESCRIPTION 39An outline of the file system hierarchy. 40.Pp 41Naming is very important. 42The 43.Ux 44System relies on filename conventions for much of its power as a system. 45The following file system layout describes generally where things are 46and what they are, with references to other man pages for more detailed 47documentation. 48.Pp 49Not all files will be in every system. 50.Bl -tag -width "/altroot/" 51.It Pa \&/ 52Root directory of the system. 53.It Pa /COPYRIGHT 54System copyright notice, most often put on CD-ROM distributions. 55.It Pa "/[a-z]/" 56User file systems. 57.It Pa /altroot/ 58Alternate root file system, in case of disaster. 59.\" .It Pa /amd/ 60.\" Home directories mount point; see 61.\" .Xr amd 8 . 62.It Pa /bin/ 63Utilities used in both single and multi-user environments. 64.It Pa /boot* 65Second-stage boot loader(s) for some platforms; see 66.Xr installboot 8 . 67.It Pa /cdrom/ 68Empty directory commonly used by 69system administrators as a temporary mount point for ISO-9660 file 70systems on CD (or DVD) media. 71.It Pa /dev/ 72Block, character, and other special device files. 73.Pp 74.Bl -tag -width "MAKEDEV" -compact 75.It Pa MAKEDEV 76Script for creating device files; 77see 78.Xr makedev 8 . 79.It Pa console 80The computer's console device. 81.It Pa drum 82The computer's swap space device; see 83.Xr drum 4 . 84.It Pa fd/ 85File descriptor files; 86see 87.Xr fd 4 . 88.It Pa klog 89Kernel logging device; see 90.Xr syslog 3 . 91.It Pa kmem 92Kernel virtual memory device; see 93.Xr mem 4 . 94.It Pa log 95.Ux 96domain datagram log socket; see 97.Xr syslogd 8 . 98.It Pa mem 99Kernel physical memory device; see 100.Xr mem 4 . 101.It Pa null 102The null device; see 103.Xr null 4 . 104.It Pa pts/ 105Mount point for the pseudo-terminal device file system; see 106.Xr mount_ptyfs 8 . 107.It Pa stderr 108.It Pa stdin 109.It Pa stdout 110File descriptor files; 111see 112.Xr fd 4 . 113.It Pa tty 114Device pointing to each process's own controlling terminal; see 115.Xr tty 4 . 116.It Pa zero 117The zero device; see 118.Xr zero 4 . 119.El 120.\" .It Pa /dump/ 121.\" Online 122.\" .Xr dump 8 123.\" repository. 124.It Pa /etc/ 125System configuration files and scripts. 126.Pp 127.Bl -tag -width "master.passwd" -compact 128.It Pa amd* 129Configuration files for 130.Xr amd 8 . 131.It Pa changelist 132Files backed up by the 133.Pa security 134script. 135.It Pa crontab 136Schedule used by the 137.Xr cron 8 138daemon. 139.It Pa csh.cshrc 140.It Pa csh.login 141.It Pa csh.logout 142System-wide scripts for 143.Xr csh 1 . 144.It Pa daily 145Script run each day by 146.Xr cron 8 . 147.It Pa daily.conf 148Configuration file for 149.Pa daily ; 150see 151.Xr daily.conf 5 . 152.It Pa defaults/ 153Default configuration files read by various 154.Pa /etc/*.conf 155files. 156.It Pa disktab 157Disk description file; see 158.Xr disktab 5 . 159.It Pa dm.conf 160Dungeon master configuration; see 161.Xr dm.conf 5 . 162.It Pa dumpdates 163Dump history; see 164.Xr dump 8 . 165.It Pa exports 166File system export information; see 167.Xr mountd 8 . 168.It Pa fstab 169File system mounting table; see 170.Xr fstab 5 171and 172.Xr mount 8 . 173.It Pa ftpusers 174Users denied 175.Xr ftp 1 176access; see 177.Xr ftpd 8 . 178.It Pa ftpwelcome 179.Xr ftp 1 180initial message; see 181.Xr ftpd 8 . 182.It Pa gettytab 183Terminal configuration database; see 184.Xr gettytab 5 . 185.It Pa group 186Group permissions file; see 187.Xr group 5 . 188.It Pa hosts 189Host name database backup for 190.Xr named 8 ; 191see 192.Xr hosts 5 . 193.It Pa hosts.equiv 194Trusted machines with equivalent user IDs. 195(Obsolete.) 196.It Pa hosts.lpd 197Trusted machines with printing privileges. 198.It Pa inetd.conf 199Internet server configuration file; see 200.Xr inetd 8 . 201.It Pa kerberosV/ 202Configuration files for Kerberos version V; 203see 204.Xr kerberos 8 . 205.It Pa localtime 206Local time zone; 207see 208.Xr ctime 3 . 209.It Pa login.conf 210Configuration of user classes and limits; see 211.Xr login.conf 5 . 212.It Pa mail/ 213Configuration files for 214.Xr sendmail 1 . 215.Pp 216.Bl -tag -width "sendmail.*" -compact 217.It Pa aliases* 218Username alias files. 219.It Pa sendmail.* 220.Xr sendmail 1 221configuration information. 222.El 223.It Pa mail.rc 224System-wide initialization script for 225.Xr mail 1 . 226.It Pa man.conf 227Configuration file for 228.Xr man 1 ; 229see 230.Xr man.conf 5 . 231.It Pa master.passwd 232Main password file, readable only by root; see 233.Xr passwd 5 . 234.It Pa mk.conf 235Optional file containing 236.Xr make 1 237variables, used to configure pkgsrc and the system sources. 238.It Pa monthly 239Script run each month by 240.Xr cron 8 . 241.It Pa monthly.conf 242Configuration file for 243.Pa monthly ; 244see 245.Xr monthly.conf 5 . 246.It Pa motd 247System message of the day. 248.It Pa mtree/ 249.Xr mtree 8 250configuration files. 251.It Pa named.* 252.It Pa namedb/ 253.Xr named 8 254configuration files and databases. 255.It Pa netgroup 256Network groups; see 257.Xr netgroup 5 . 258.It Pa netstart 259Network startup script . 260.It Pa networks 261Network name database; see 262.Xr networks 5 . 263.It Pa passwd 264World readable password file generated from master.passwd; see 265.Xr passwd 5 , 266.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 267.It Pa phones 268Remote host telephone number data base; see 269.Xr phones 5 . 270.It Pa printcap 271Printer configuration for 272.Xr lpr 1 ; 273see 274.Xr printcap 5 . 275.It Pa profile 276System-wide scripts for 277.Xr sh 1 . 278.It Pa protocols 279Protocol name database; see 280.Xr protocols 5 . 281.It Pa pwd.db 282Database form of passwd file; see 283.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 284.It Pa rc 285Master system startup script invoked by 286.Xr init 8 ; 287see 288.Xr rc 8 . 289.It Pa rc.conf 290Configuration file for system startup and shutdown scripts; see 291.Xr rc.conf 5 . 292.It Pa rc.d/ 293Directory containing per-subsystem startup and shutdown scripts; see 294.Xr rc 8 . 295.It Pa rc.local 296Locally editable system startup script. 297.It Pa rc.shutdown 298Master system shutdown script invoked by 299.Xr shutdown 8 ; 300see 301.Xr rc 8 . 302.It Pa remote 303Remote host description file; see 304.Xr remote 5 . 305.It Pa security 306Daily (in)security script run by 307.Xr cron 8 . 308.It Pa security.conf 309Configuration file for 310.Pa security ; 311see 312.Xr security.conf 5 . 313.It Pa services 314Service name data base; see 315.Xr services 5 . 316.It Pa shells 317List of permitted shells; see 318.Xr shells 5 . 319.It Pa skel/ 320Sample initialization files for new user accounts. 321.It Pa sliphome/ 322SLIP login/logout scripts; see 323.Xr sliplogin 8 . 324.It Pa spwd.db 325Database form of master.passwd file; see 326.Xr pwd_mkdb 8 . 327.It Pa syslog.conf 328.Xr syslogd 8 329Configuration file; see 330.Xr syslog.conf 5 . 331.It Pa ttyaction 332Login hooks for specific ttys, typically used to chown console 333devices. 334See 335.Xr ttyaction 5 . 336.It Pa ttys 337Terminal initialization information; see 338.Xr ttys 5 . 339.It Pa weekly 340Script run each week by 341.Xr cron 8 . 342.It Pa weekly.conf 343Configuration file for 344.Pa weekly ; 345see 346.Xr weekly.conf 5 . 347.El 348.It Pa /home/ 349Default location for user home directories. 350.It Pa /kern/ 351Mount point for the kern file system; see 352.Xr mount_kernfs 8 . 353.It Pa /lib/ 354Dynamic linked libraries used by dynamically linked programs 355that cannot rely upon 356.Pa /usr/lib/ 357being available, such as those in 358.Pa /bin/ 359and 360.Pa /sbin/ . 361.It Pa /libdata/ 362Non-executable files 363.Pq such as device firmware 364required at boot time, when 365.Pa /usr/libdata 366may not be available. 367.It Pa /libexec/ 368System utilities (such as the dynamic linker) required by programs 369and libraries that cannot rely upon 370.Pa /usr/libexec/ 371being available. 372.It Pa /mnt/ 373Empty directory commonly used by 374system administrators as a temporary mount point. 375.It Pa /net/ 376automounted NFS shares; 377see 378.Xr auto_master 5 379.It Pa /netbsd 380Kernel executable image (the operating system loaded into memory 381at boot time). 382.It Pa /proc/ 383Mount point for the process file system; see 384.Xr mount_procfs 8 . 385.It Pa /rescue/ 386Statically linked rescue tools, for use in system recovery. 387.It Pa /root/ 388Home directory for the super-user. 389.Pp 390.Bl -tag -width ".profile" -compact 391.It Pa \&.cshrc 392Super-user start-up file for 393.Xr csh 1 . 394.It Pa \&.login 395super-user start-up file for 396.Xr csh 1 . 397.It Pa \&.profile 398super-user start-up file for 399.Xr sh 1 . 400.It Pa \&.rhosts 401Super-user id mapping between machines. 402(Obsolete.) 403.El 404.It Pa /sbin/ 405System programs and administration utilities 406used in both single-user and multi-user environments. 407.It Pa /stand/ 408Programs used in a standalone environment, that is, things that run on 409bare hardware without a kernel. 410Currently kernel modules are also placed here, although this remains 411somewhat controversial and they may yet get moved. 412.It Pa /tmp/ 413Temporary files. 414The contents of 415.Pa /tmp 416are usually 417.Em not 418preserved across a system reboot. 419.It Pa /usr/ 420Contains the majority of the system utilities and files. 421.Pp 422.Bl -tag -width "libdata/" -compact 423.It Pa X11R7/ 424X11 files (for X11 revision 7). 425.Pp 426.Bl -tag -width "include/" -compact 427.It Pa bin/ 428X11 binaries. 429.It Pa include/ 430X11 include files. 431.It Pa lib/ 432X11 libraries. 433.El 434.Pp 435.It Pa bin/ 436Common utilities, programming tools, and applications. 437.It Pa games/ 438The important stuff. 439.It Pa include/ 440Standard C (and extension) include files. 441.Pp 442.Bl -tag -width "protocols/" -compact 443.It Pa arpa/ 444Include files for Internet service protocols. 445.It Pa atf/ 446Include files for the Automated Testing Framework; see 447.Xr atf 7 . 448.It Pa g++/ 449Include files for the GNU C++ compiler. 450.It Pa machine/ 451Machine specific include files. 452.It Pa net/ 453Miscellaneous network include files. 454.It Pa netatalk/ 455C include files for AppleTalk protocols 456see 457.Xr atalk 4 . 458.It Pa netinet/ 459Include files for Internet standard protocols; see 460.Xr inet 4 . 461.It Pa netinet6/ 462Include files for Internet protocol version 6; see 463.Xr inet6 4 . 464.It Pa netipsec/ 465Include files for secret key management, used for security protocols; see 466.Xr ipsec 4 . 467.It Pa nfs/ 468C include files for NFS (Network File System). 469.It Pa protocols/ 470C include files for Berkeley service protocols. 471.It Pa sys/ 472``System-level'' C include files. 473.It Pa ufs/ 474C include files for several mutually related file systems. 475(The `u' was originally for 476.Ux . ) 477.El 478.Pp 479.It Pa lib/ 480Archive, profiled, position independent archive, and shared libraries. 481.Pp 482.Bl -tag -width "lua/" -compact 483.It Pa lua/ 484.Bl -tag -width "5.3/" -compact 485.It Pa 5.3/ 486Lua 5.3 modules. 487.El 488.El 489.Pp 490.It Pa libdata/ 491Miscellaneous utility data files. 492.It Pa libexec/ 493System daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs). 494.Pp 495.It Pa mdec/ 496Boot blocks, etc. 497.It Pa obj/ 498Architecture-specific target tree produced by building the 499.Pa /usr/src 500tree; often a symbolic link or mounted file system. 501.It Pa pkg/ 502Installed third-party software packages. 503.Pp 504.Bl -tag -width "include/" -compact 505.It Pa bin/ 506Package binaries. 507.It Pa etc/ 508Package configuration files. 509.It Pa include/ 510Package include files. 511.It Pa lib/ 512Package libraries. 513.It Pa libdata/ 514Package data files. 515.It Pa libexec/ 516Package daemons. 517.It Pa sbin/ 518Package system utilities. 519.El 520.Pp 521.It Pa pkgsrc/ 522Build descriptions (packaging) for the 523.Nx 524package system. 525.Pp 526.Bl -tag -width "distfilesX" -compact 527.It Pa distfiles/ 528Downloaded upstream source archives. 529.It Pa packages/ 530Compiled binary packages. 531.El 532.Pp 533There are also several other subdirectories which contain packages of 534a certain category, e.g., archivers, graphics, ... 535.Pp 536.It Pa sbin/ 537System daemons and system utilities (normally executed by the super-user). 538.It Pa share/ 539Architecture-independent files, mostly text. 540.Pp 541.Bl -tag -width "calendar/" -compact 542.It Pa calendar/ 543A variety of calendar files; see 544.Xr calendar 1 . 545.It Pa dict/ 546Word lists; 547see 548.Xr look 1 549and 550.Xr spell 1 . 551.Pp 552.Bl -tag -width "special/" -compact 553.It Pa words 554Common words. 555.It Pa web2 556Words from Webster's Second International Dictionary. 557.It Pa papers/ 558Reference databases; 559see 560.Xr refer 1 . 561.It Pa special/ 562Custom word lists; 563see 564.Xr spell 1 . 565.El 566.Pp 567.It Pa doc/ 568Miscellaneous documentation. 569.It Pa games/ 570Data files used by various games. 571.It Pa i18n/ 572internationalization databases; see 573.Xr iconv 3 . 574.It Pa locale/ 575Locale databases and gettext message catalogs; see 576.Xr setlocale 3 577and 578.Xr gettext 3 . 579.It Pa man/ 580Manual pages. 581.It Pa me/ 582Macros for use with the 583.Xr me 7 584roff macro package. 585.It Pa misc/ 586Miscellaneous system-wide text files. 587.Pp 588.Bl -tag -width "terminfo.cdb" -compact 589.It Pa terminfo 590Terminal characteristics database; 591see 592.Xr terminfo 5 . 593.It Pa terminfo.cdb 594database form of terminfo file; see 595.Xr tic 1 . 596.El 597.Pp 598.It Pa mk/ 599Include files for 600.Xr make 1 . 601.It Pa ms/ 602Macros for use with the 603.Xr ms 7 604roff macro package. 605.It Pa nls/ 606Message catalogs; see 607.Xr catgets 3 . 608.It Pa tmac/ 609Text processing macros; 610see 611.Xr nroff 1 612and 613.Xr troff 1 . 614.It Pa zoneinfo/ 615Time zone database; 616see 617.Xr tzfile 5 . 618.El 619.It Pa tests/ 620Test programs; see 621.Xr tests 7 622for information on how to run them. 623.El 624.It Pa /usr/src/ 625.Nx 626and local source files. 627.Pp 628.Bl -tag -width "domestic/" -compact 629.It Pa bin/ 630Source for utilities/files in 631.Pa /bin . 632.It Pa common/ 633Sources shared between kernel and userland. 634.It Pa crypto/ 635Cryptographic source, which may have import or export restrictions. 636.It Pa dist/ 637Third-party 638.Sq virgin 639source code, referenced by other parts of the source tree. 640(Deprecated; use 641.Pa external/ 642instead.) 643.It Pa distrib/ 644Tools and data files for making 645.Nx 646releases and distributions. 647.It Pa doc/ 648Documentation about the source tree (i.e., about the tree, not about 649how to use the software in the tree.) 650.It Pa etc/ 651Source (usually example files) for files in 652.Pa /etc . 653.It Pa external/ 654Source for programs from external third parties 655(where 656.Nx 657is the not the primary maintainer), 658grouped by license, and then products per license. 659.Pp 660.Bl -tag -width "intel-fw-public/" -compact 661.It Pa apache2/ 662Apache 2.0 license. 663.It Pa bsd/ 664BSD (or equivalent) licensed software, 665possibly with the 666.Dq advertising clause . 667.It Pa broadcom/ 668Broadcom firmware license. 669.It Pa cddl/ 670Common Development and Distribution License (the Sun license which is 671based on the Mozilla Public License version 1.1). 672.It Pa gpl2/ 673GNU Public License, version 2 (or earlier). 674.It Pa gpl3/ 675GNU Public License, version 3. 676.It Pa historical/ 677Lucent's old license. 678.It Pa ibm-public/ 679IBM's public license. 680.It Pa intel-fw-eula/ 681Intel firmware license with redistribution restricted to OEM. 682.It Pa intel-fw-public/ 683Intel firmware license permitting redistribution with 684terms similar to BSD licensed software. 685.It Pa intel-public/ 686Intel license permitting redistribution with terms similar to 687BSD licensed software. 688.It Pa lgpl3/ 689GNU lesser general public license, version 3. 690.It Pa mit/ 691MIT (X11) style license. 692.It Pa mpl/ 693Mozilla Public License. 694.It Pa zlib/ 695BSD-like zlib license. 696.El 697.Pp 698.It Pa games/ 699Source for utilities/files in 700.Pa /usr/games . 701.It Pa include/ 702Source for files in 703.Pa /usr/include . 704.It Pa lib/ 705Source for libraries in 706.Pa /usr/lib . 707.It Pa libexec/ 708Source for utilities/files in 709.Pa /usr/libexec . 710.It Pa regress/ 711Various legacy regression tests. 712.It Pa rescue/ 713Source/makefiles for 714.Pa /rescue . 715.It Pa sbin/ 716Source for utilities/files in 717.Pa /sbin . 718.It Pa share/ 719Source for files in 720.Pa /usr/share . 721.Pp 722.Bl -tag -width "doc/" -compact 723.It Pa doc/ 724.Pp 725.Bl -tag -width "papers/" -compact 726.It Pa papers/ 727Source for various historical technical papers (many from Berkeley). 728.It Pa psd/ 729Source for Programmer's Supplementary Documents. 730.It Pa smm/ 731Source for System Manager's Manual. 732.It Pa usd/ 733Source for User's Supplementary Documents. 734.El 735.El 736.It Pa sys/ 737Kernel source files. 738.Pp 739.Bl -tag -width "gdbscripts/" -compact 740.It Pa arch/ 741Architecture-specific support. 742.Pp 743.Bl -tag -width "playstation2/" -compact 744.It Pa acorn32/ 745Acorn RiscPC/A7000 and VLSI RC7500. 746.It Pa algor/ 747Algorithmics Ltd. MIPS evaluations boards. 748.It Pa alpha/ 749Digital/Compaq Alpha. 750.It Pa amd64/ 751Computers with x86_64 capable CPUs. 752.It Pa amiga/ 753Commodore Amiga and MacroSystem DraCo. 754.It Pa amigappc/ 755PowerPC based Amiga boards. 756.It Pa arc/ 757MIPS-based machines following the Advanced RISC Computing spec. 758.It Pa arm/ 759ARM processor general support. 760.It Pa atari/ 761Atari TT030, Falcon and Hades. 762.It Pa bebox/ 763Be Inc. BeBox. 764.It Pa cats/ 765Chalice Technology's CATS and Intel's EBSA-285 evaluation boards. 766.It Pa cesfic/ 767CES FIC8234 VME processor board. 768.It Pa cobalt/ 769Cobalt Networks' MIPS-based Microserver. 770.It Pa dreamcast/ 771Sega Dreamcast game console. 772.It Pa emips/ 773Machines based on Extensible MIPS. 774.It Pa evbarm/ 775ARM based evaluation boards. 776.It Pa evbmips/ 777MIPS based evaluation boards. 778.It Pa evbppc/ 779PowerPC based evaluation boards and appliances. 780.It Pa evbsh3/ 781SH3/SH4 based evaluation boards. 782.It Pa ews4800mips/ 783NEC's MIPS based EWS4800 workstations. 784.It Pa hp300/ 785Hewlett-Packard 9000/300 and 400 680x0-based workstations. 786.It Pa hppa/ 787Hewlett-Packard 9000/700 and 9000/800 HPPA based workstations. 788.It Pa hpcarm/ 789StrongARM based WinCE PDA machines. 790.It Pa hpcmips/ 791MIPS based WinCE PDA machines. 792.It Pa hpcsh/ 793Hitachi SH3/4 based WinCE PDA machines. 794.It Pa hppa/ 795HPPA processor general support. 796.It Pa i386/ 79732-bit 80x86-based IBM PCs and clones. 798.It Pa ibmnws/ 799IBM Network Station 1000. 800.It Pa iyonix/ 801Castle Technology's Iyonix ARM based PCs. 802.It Pa luna68k/ 803Omron Tateishi Electric's 680x0-based LUNA workstations. 804.It Pa m68k/ 805680x0 processor general support. 806.It Pa mac68k/ 807Apple Macintosh with 68k CPU. 808.It Pa macppc/ 809Apple Power Macintosh and clones. 810.It Pa mips/ 811MIPS processor general support. 812.It Pa mipsco/ 813MIPS Computer Systems Inc. family of workstations and servers. 814.It Pa mmeye/ 815Brains Inc. SH3 based mmEye multimedia server. 816.It Pa mvme68k/ 817Motorola MVME 680x0-based SBCs. 818.It Pa mvmeppc/ 819Motorola PowerPC VME SBCs. 820.It Pa netwinder/ 821StrongARM based NetWinder machines. 822.It Pa news68k/ 823Sony's 680x0-based NEWS workstations. 824.It Pa newsmips/ 825Sony's MIPS-based NEWS workstations. 826.It Pa next68k/ 827NeXT 68k "black" hardware. 828.It Pa ofppc/ 829Open Firmware PowerPC workstations. 830.It Pa playstation2/ 831SONY PlayStation 2. 832.It Pa pmax/ 833Digital MIPS-based DECstations and DECsystems. 834.It Pa powerpc/ 835PowerPC processor general support. 836.It Pa prep/ 837PReP (PowerPC Reference Platform) and CHRP (Common Hardware Reference 838Platform) machines. 839.It Pa sandpoint/ 840Motorola Sandpoint reference platform. 841.It Pa sbmips/ 842Broadcom/SiByte evaluation boards. 843.It Pa sgimips/ 844Silicon Graphics' MIPS-based workstations. 845.It Pa sh3/ 846SH3/SH4 processor general support. 847.It Pa shark/ 848Digital DNARD ("Shark"). 849.It Pa sparc/ 850Sun Microsystems SPARC (32-bit) and UltraSPARC (in 32-bit mode). 851.It Pa sparc64/ 852Sun Microsystems UltraSPARC (in native 64-bit mode). 853.It Pa sun2/ 854Sun Microsystems 68010-based Sun 2 architecture. 855.It Pa sun3/ 856Sun Microsystems 68020/68030-based Sun 3/3x architecture. 857.It Pa sun68k/ 858680x0-based Sun architecture general support. 859.It Pa vax/ 860Digital VAX. 861.It Pa x68k/ 862Sharp X680x0 680x0-based workstations. 863.It Pa x86/ 864General support for PC/AT compatibles with ia32 or x86_64 CPUs. 865.It Pa xen/ 866The Xen virtual machine monitor. 867.It Pa zaurus/ 868Sharp C3x00 Arm based PDA. 869.El 870.Pp 871.It Pa compat/ 872Kernel compatibility modules directory. 873.Pp 874.Bl -tag -width "ossaudio/" -compact 875.It Pa common/ 876Common compatibility routines, old 877.Bx 4 878and 879.Nx 880routines. 881.It Pa freebsd/ 882Support for 883.Fx 884binaries; see 885.Xr compat_freebsd 8 . 886.It Pa hpux/ 887Support for 68000 HP-UX binaries. 888.It Pa linux/ 889Support for Linux binaries; see 890.Xr compat_linux 8 . 891.It Pa m68k4k/ 892Support for 4KB page 68000 binaries. 893.It Pa netbsd32/ 894Support for 895.Nx 89632-bit binaries on 64 bit platforms with compatible CPU families. 897.It Pa ossaudio/ 898Support for OSS audio. 899.It Pa sunos/ 900Support for SunOS 4.x binaries; see 901.Xr compat_sunos 8 . 902.It Pa ultrix/ 903Support for ULTRIX binaries. 904.It Pa vax1k/ 905Support for older VAX binaries that started on a 1 KB boundary. 906.El 907.Pp 908.It Pa conf/ 909Architecture independent configuration directory. 910.It Pa crypto/ 911Cryptographic kernel source, which may have import or export restrictions. 912.It Pa ddb/ 913In-kernel debugger. 914.It Pa dev/ 915Architecture independent device support. 916.It Pa fs/ 917File systems. 918See also 919.Pa ufs/ 920and 921.Pa miscfs/ . 922.Bl -tag -width "filecorefs/" -compact 923.It Pa adosfs/ 924AmigaDOS file-system support; see 925.Xr mount_ados 8 . 926.It Pa cd9660/ 927Support for the ISO-9660 file system; see 928.Xr mount_cd9660 8 . 929.It Pa filecorefs/ 930Support for the Acorn RISC OS filecore file system; see 931.Xr mount_filecore 8 . 932.It Pa msdosfs/ 933MS-DOS file system; see 934.Xr mount_msdos 8 . 935.It Pa ntfs/ 936NTFS file system support; see 937.Xr mount_ntfs 8 . 938.It Pa ptyfs/ 939Pseudo-terminal device file system; see 940.Xr mount_ptyfs 8 . 941.It Pa smbfs/ 942SMB/CIFS file system support; see 943.Xr mount_smbfs 8 . 944.It Pa union/ 945Union file system; see 946.Xr mount_union 8 . 947.El 948.It Pa gdbscripts/ 949Support for accessing kernel structures from within the debugger 950.Xr gdb 1 . 951.Pp 952.It Pa kern/ 953Primary kernel source code. 954.It Pa lib/ 955Libraries supporting the kernel. 956.Pp 957.Bl -tag -width "libkern/" -compact 958.It Pa libkern/ 959C library routines used in the kernel. 960.It Pa libsa/ 961Machine-independent standalone library, used by boot loaders. 962.It Pa libz/ 963Compression library. 964.El 965.Pp 966.It Pa miscfs/ 967More file systems. 968.Pp 969.Bl -tag -width "deadfs/" -compact 970.It Pa deadfs/ 971Kernel only dead file system. 972.It Pa fdesc/ 973File descriptor file system; see 974.Xr mount_fdesc 8 . 975.It Pa fifofs/ 976POSIX FIFO (named pipe) support. 977.It Pa genfs/ 978Generic file system code that supports other file systems. 979.It Pa kernfs/ 980Kernel namespace file system; see 981.Xr mount_kernfs 8 . 982.It Pa nullfs/ 983Loop back file system; see 984.Xr mount_null 8 . 985.It Pa overlay/ 986Overlay file system; see 987.Xr mount_overlay 8 . 988.It Pa procfs/ 989Process file system; see 990.Xr mount_procfs 8 . 991.It Pa specfs/ 992Support for block and character special files. 993.It Pa syncfs/ 994Kernel trickle sync algorithm. 995.It Pa umapfs/ 996User and group re-mapping file system; see 997.Xr mount_umap 8 . 998.El 999.Pp 1000.It Pa net/ 1001Miscellaneous networking support. 1002.It Pa netatalk/ 1003AppleTalk networking support. 1004.It Pa netinet/ 1005IP networking support. 1006.It Pa netinet6/ 1007IPv6 networking support. 1008.It Pa netipsec/ 1009Key database for IPsec networking support. 1010.It Pa nfs/ 1011NFS (network file system) support, both client and server. 1012.It Pa stand/ 1013Kernel standalone support. 1014.It Pa sys/ 1015Kernel (and system) include files. 1016.It Pa ufs/ 1017Still more file systems. 1018.Pp 1019.Bl -tag -width "ffs/" -compact 1020.It Pa chfs/ 1021A FFS-based file system for use on raw flash. 1022.It Pa ext2fs/ 1023The Linux ext2 file system. 1024.It Pa ffs/ 1025The Berkeley Fast File System. 1026.It Pa lfs/ 1027The Berkeley log-structured file system. 1028.It Pa mfs/ 1029The in-memory file system. 1030.It Pa ufs/ 1031Shared 1032.Ux 1033file system support. 1034.El 1035.It Pa uvm/ 1036UVM virtual memory system. 1037.El 1038.It Pa tests/ 1039Source for test programs in 1040.Pa /usr/tests . 1041.It Pa usr.bin/ 1042Source for utilities/files in 1043.Pa /usr/bin . 1044.It Pa usr.sbin/ 1045Source for utilities/files in 1046.Pa /usr/sbin . 1047.El 1048.It Pa /var/ 1049Multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files. 1050.Pp 1051.Bl -tag -width "preserve/" -compact 1052.It Pa account/ 1053System accounting files. 1054.Pp 1055.Bl -tag -width "acct" -compact 1056.It Pa acct 1057Execution accounting file; 1058see 1059.Xr acct 5 . 1060.El 1061.Pp 1062.It Pa at/ 1063Timed command scheduling files; 1064see 1065.Xr at 1 . 1066.It Pa backups/ 1067Miscellaneous backup files, largely of files found in 1068.Pa /etc . 1069.It Pa chroot/ 1070Home directories of applications which are run in a 1071.Xr chroot 8 1072.Dq cage . 1073.It Pa crash/ 1074System (kernel) crash dumps; see 1075.Xr savecore 8 . 1076.It Pa cron/ 1077Scheduled commands configuration files; see 1078.Xr cron 8 1079and 1080.Xr crontab 5 . 1081.It Pa db/ 1082Miscellaneous automatically generated system-specific database files, 1083and persistent files used in the maintenance of third party software. 1084.Pp 1085.Bl -tag -width "monthly.out" -compact 1086.It Pa pkg 1087Default location for metadata related to third party software 1088packages. 1089See 1090.Xr pkg_add 1 1091for more details of the 1092.Nx 1093Packages Collection, or pkgsrc. 1094.El 1095.Pp 1096.It Pa games/ 1097Miscellaneous game status, log, and high score files. 1098.It Pa heimdal/ 1099Kerberos 5 KDC database; see 1100.Xr kdc 8 . 1101.It Pa log/ 1102Miscellaneous system log files. 1103.Pp 1104.Bl -tag -width "monthly.out" -compact 1105.It Pa amd.* 1106.Xr amd 8 1107logs. 1108.It Pa daily.out 1109Output of the last run of the 1110.Pa /etc/daily 1111script. 1112.It Pa ftp.* 1113.Xr ftp 1 1114logs. 1115.It Pa kerberos.* 1116.Xr kerberos 8 1117logs. 1118.It Pa lastlog 1119System last-time-logged-in database; see 1120.Xr utmp 5 . 1121.It Pa lpd-errs.* 1122Printer daemon error logs; see 1123.Xr lpd 8 . 1124.It Pa maillog.* 1125.Xr sendmail 1 1126and 1127.Xr postfix 1 1128(and other mail-related) 1129log files. 1130.It Pa messages.* 1131General system information log. 1132.It Pa monthly.out 1133Output of the last run of the 1134.Pa /etc/monthly 1135script. 1136.It Pa secure 1137Sensitive security information log. 1138.It Pa sendmail.st 1139.Xr sendmail 1 1140statistics. 1141.It Pa timed.* 1142.Xr timed 8 1143logs. 1144.It Pa weekly.out 1145Output of the last run of the 1146.Pa /etc/weekly 1147script. 1148.It Pa wtmp 1149Login and logout log; 1150see 1151.Xr utmp 5 . 1152.It Pa wtmpx 1153Another login and logout log; see 1154.Xr utmpx 5 . 1155.El 1156.Pp 1157.It Pa mail/ 1158User e-mail inboxes. 1159.It Pa msgs/ 1160System messages; see 1161.Xr msgs 1 . 1162.\" since we use nvi (now called vi) this isn't the place any more, is it? 1163.It Pa preserve/ 1164Temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death of 1165.Xr ex 1 1166or 1167.Xr vi 1 . 1168.It Pa quotas/ 1169File system quota information. 1170(Legacy.) 1171.It Pa run/ 1172System information files, rebuilt after each reboot. 1173.Pp 1174.Bl -tag -width "utmp" -compact 1175.It Pa dmesg.boot 1176A dump from 1177.Xr dmesg 8 1178taken at boot time. 1179.It Pa utmp 1180Database of currently logged in users; see 1181.Xr utmp 5 . 1182.It Pa utmpx 1183Another database of currently logged in users; see 1184.Xr utmpx 5 . 1185.El 1186.Pp 1187.It Pa rwho/ 1188Rwho data files; see 1189.Xr rwhod 8 , 1190.Xr rwho 1 , 1191and 1192.Xr ruptime 1 . 1193.It Pa spool/ 1194Miscellaneous printer and mail system spooling directories. 1195.Pp 1196.Bl -tag -width "postfix/" -compact 1197.It Pa ftp/ 1198Commonly 1199.Dq ~ftp , 1200the anonymous ftp root directory; see 1201.Xr ftpd 8 . 1202.It Pa mqueue/ 1203Sendmail mail queue; 1204see 1205.Xr sendmail 1 . 1206.It Pa news/ 1207Network news archival and spooling directories. 1208.It Pa output/ 1209Printer spooling directories. 1210.It Pa postfix/ 1211Postfix mail queue; 1212see 1213.Xr postfix 1 . 1214.El 1215.Pp 1216.It Pa tmp/ 1217Temporary files that are not discarded between system reboots. 1218.Pp 1219.Bl -tag -width "vi.recover/" -compact 1220.It Pa vi.recover/ 1221Recovery directory for new (current) 1222.Xr vi 1 . 1223.El 1224.Pp 1225.It Pa yp/ 1226Databases and configuration for the NIS (YP) system; see 1227.Xr nis 8 . 1228.El 1229.El 1230.Sh SEE ALSO 1231.Xr apropos 1 , 1232.Xr ls 1 , 1233.Xr whatis 1 , 1234.Xr whereis 1 , 1235.Xr which 1 , 1236.Xr paths 3 1237.Sh HISTORY 1238A 1239.Nm 1240manual page appeared in 1241.At v7 . 1242