1.\" $NetBSD: hier.7,v 1.7 1994/11/30 19:07:10 jtc Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 15.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 16.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 17.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 18.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" @(#)hier.7 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93 35.\" 36.Dd June 5, 1993 37.Dt HIER 7 38.Os 39.Sh NAME 40.Nm hier 41.Nd layout of filesystems 42.Sh DESCRIPTION 43A sketch of the filesystem hierarchy. 44.Bl -tag -width "/stand/" 45.It Li / 46root directory of the filesystem 47.It Li /bin/ 48user utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments 49.It Li /dev/ 50block and character device files 51.Pp 52.Bl -tag -width MAKEDEV -compact 53.It Li MAKEDEV 54script for creating device files; 55see 56.Xr makedev 8 57.It Li fd/ 58file descriptor files; 59see 60.Xr \&fd 4 61.El 62.It Li /etc/ 63system configuration files and scripts 64.Pp 65.Bl -tag -width "disklabels/" -compact 66.It Li localtime 67local timezone information; 68see 69.Xr ctime 3 70.It Li disklabels/ 71backup disklabels; 72see 73.Xr disklabel 8 74.It Li kerberosIV/ 75configuration files for the kerberos version IV; 76see 77.Xr kerberos 1 78.It Li mtree/ 79mtree configuration files; 80see 81.Xr mtree 1 82.It Li namedb/ 83named configuration files; 84see 85.Xr named 8 86.It Li uucp/ 87UUCP configuration files; 88.El 89.It Li /mnt/ 90empty directory commonly used by 91system administrators as a temporary mount point 92.It Li /netbsd 93pure kernel executable (the operating system loaded into memory 94at boot time). 95.It Li /sbin/ 96system programs and administration utilities 97fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments 98.It Li /stand/ 99programs used in a standalone environment 100.It Li /tmp/ 101temporary files, usually a 102.Xr mfs 8 103memory-based filesystem (the contents 104of /tmp are usually NOT preserved across a system reboot) 105.It Li /usr/ 106contains the majority of user utilities and applications 107.Pp 108.Bl -tag -width "libdata/" -compact 109.It Li bin/ 110common utilities, programming tools, and applications 111.It Li contrib/ 112large packages contributed to Berkeley by outside parties 113.It Li games/ 114useful and semi-frivolous programs 115.It Li include/ 116standard C include files 117.Pp 118.Bl -tag -width "kerberosIV/" -compact 119.It Li X11/ 120C include files for X11 window system 121.It Li arpa/ 122C include files for Internet service protocols 123.It Li kerberosIV/ 124C include files for kerberos authentication package; 125see 126.Xr kerberos 1 127.It Li machine/ 128machine specific C include files 129.It Li net/ 130misc network C include files 131.It Li netimp/ 132C include files for IMP protocols; 133see 134.Xr imp 4 135.It Li netinet/ 136C include files for Internet standard protocols; 137see 138.Xr inet 4 139.It Li netiso/ 140C include files for ISO standard protocols; 141see 142.Xr iso 4 143.It Li netns/ 144C include files for XNS standard protocols; 145see 146.Xr \&ns 4 147.It Li nfs/ 148C include files for NFS (Network File System) 149.It Li pascal/ 150include files for pc 1 151.It Li protocols/ 152C include files for Berkeley service protocols 153.It Li sys/ 154system C include files (kernel data structures) 155.It Li ufs/ 156C include files for UFS (The U-word File System) 157.El 158.Pp 159.It Li lib/ 160archive libraries 161.It Li libdata/ 162misc. utility data files 163.It Li libexec/ 164system daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs) 165.It Li local/ 166local executables, libraries, etc. 167.It Li obj/ 168architecture-specific target tree produced by building the /usr/src tree 169.It Li old/ 170programs from past lives of BSD which may disappear in future 171releases 172.It Li sbin/ 173system daemons & system utilities (executed by users) 174.It Li share/ 175architecture-independent data files 176.Pp 177.Bl -tag -width "calendar/" -compact 178.It Li calendar/ 179a variety of pre-fab calendar files; 180see 181.Xr calendar 1 182.It Li dict/ 183word lists; 184see 185.Xr look 1 186.Pp 187.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact 188.It Li words 189common words 190.It Li web2 191words from Webster's 2nd International 192.It Li papers/ 193reference databases; 194see 195.Xr refer 1 196.It Li special/ 197custom word lists; 198see 199.Xr spell 1 200.El 201.Pp 202.It Li doc/ 203misc documentation; 204src for most of the printed 205.Bx 4.3 206manuals (available 207from the 208.Tn USENIX 209association) 210.It Li games/ 211ascii text files used by various games 212.It Li man/ 213manual pages 214.It Li me/ 215macros for use with the me macro package 216.It Li misc/ 217misc system-wide ascii text files 218.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact 219.It Li termcap 220terminal characteristics database; 221see 222.Xr termcap 5 223.El 224.It Li mk/ 225templates for make; 226see 227.Xr make 1 228.It Li ms/ 229macros for use with the ms macro package 230.It Li skel/ 231example . (dot) files for new accounts 232.It Li tabset/ 233tab description files for a variety of terminals; used in 234the termcap file; 235see 236.Xr termcap 5 237.It Li tmac/ 238text processing macros; 239see 240.Xr nroff 1 241and 242.Xr troff 1 243.It Li zoneinfo/ 244timezone configuration information; 245see 246.Xr tzfile 5 247.El 248.Pp 249.It Li src/ 250BSD and/or local source files 251.Pp 252.Bl -tag -width "kerberosIV/" -compact 253.It Li bin/ 254src for files in /bin 255.It Li contrib/ 256src for files in /usr/contrib 257.It Li etc/ 258src for files in /etc 259.It Li games/ 260src for files in /usr/games 261.It Li include/ 262src for files in /usr/include 263.It Li kerberosIV/ 264src for kerberos version IV 265.It Li lib/ 266src for files in /usr/lib 267.It Li libexec/ 268src for files in /usr/libexec 269.It Li local/ 270src for files in /usr/local 271.It Li old/ 272src for files in /usr/old 273.It Li pgrm/ 274src for programming tools in /usr/bin 275.It Li sbin/ 276src for files in /sbin 277.It Li share/ 278src for files in /usr/share 279.It Li sys/ 280kernel src files 281.It Li usr.bin/ 282src for files in /usr/bin 283.It Li usr.sbin/ 284src for files in /usr/sbin 285.El 286.El 287.It Li /var/ 288multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files 289.Pp 290.Bl -tag -width "preserve/" -compact 291.It Li account/ 292system accounting files 293.Pp 294.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact 295.It Li acct 296execution accounting file; 297see 298.Xr acct 5 299.El 300.Pp 301.It Li at/ 302timed command scheduling files; 303see 304.Xr \&at 1 305.It Li backups/ 306misc. backup files 307.It Li db/ 308misc. automatically generated system-specific database files 309.It Li games/ 310misc. game status and log files 311.It Li log/ 312misc. system log files 313.Pp 314.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact 315.It Li wtmp 316login/logout log; 317see 318.Xr wtmp 5 319.El 320.Pp 321.It Li mail/ 322user mailbox files 323.It Li preserve/ 324temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death 325of an editor; 326see 327.Xr \&ex 1 328.It Li quotas/ 329filesystem quota information files 330.It Li run/ 331system information files describing various info about 332system since it was booted 333.Pp 334.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact 335.It Li utmp 336database of current users; 337see 338.Xr utmp 5 339.El 340.Pp 341.It Li rwho/ 342rwho data files; 343see 344.Xr rwhod 8 , 345.Xr rwho 1 , 346and 347.Xr ruptime 1 348.It Li spool/ 349misc. printer and mail system spooling directories 350.Pp 351.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact 352.It Li ftp/ 353commonly ~ftp; the anonymous ftp root directory 354.It Li mqueue/ 355undelivered mail queue; 356see 357.Xr sendmail 8 358.It Li output/ 359line printer spooling directories 360.It Li secretmail/ 361secretmail spool directory; 362see 363.Xr xget 1 364.It Li uucp/ 365uucp spool directory 366.It Li uucppublic/ 367commonly ~uucp; public uucp temporary directory 368.El 369.Pp 370.It Li tmp/ 371temporary files that are kept between system reboots 372.El 373.El 374.Sh SEE ALSO 375.Xr \&ls 1 , 376.Xr apropos 1 , 377.Xr whatis 1 , 378.Xr whereis 1 , 379.Xr finger 1 , 380.Xr which 1 , 381.Xr find 1 , 382.Xr grep 1 , 383.Xr fsck 8 384.Sh HISTORY 385A 386.Nm hier 387manual page appeared in 388.At v7 . 389