1.\" $NetBSD: hier.7,v 1.8 1997/03/14 04:06:42 perry Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1990, 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 15.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 16.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 17.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 18.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" @(#)hier.7 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93 35.\" 36.Dd June 5, 1993 37.Dt HIER 7 38.Os 39.Sh NAME 40.Nm hier 41.Nd layout of filesystems 42.Sh DESCRIPTION 43A sketch of the filesystem hierarchy. 44.Bl -tag -width "/stand/" 45.It Li / 46root directory of the filesystem 47.It Li /bin/ 48user utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments 49.It Li /dev/ 50block and character device files 51.Pp 52.Bl -tag -width MAKEDEV -compact 53.It Li MAKEDEV 54script for creating device files; 55see 56.Xr makedev 8 57.It Li fd/ 58file descriptor files; 59see 60.Xr \&fd 4 61.El 62.It Li /etc/ 63system configuration files and scripts 64.Pp 65.Bl -tag -width "disklabels/" -compact 66.It Li localtime 67local timezone information; 68see 69.Xr ctime 3 70.It Li disklabels/ 71backup disklabels; 72see 73.Xr disklabel 8 74.It Li kerberosIV/ 75configuration files for the kerberos version IV; 76see 77.Xr kerberos 1 78.It Li mtree/ 79mtree configuration files; 80see 81.Xr mtree 1 82.It Li namedb/ 83named configuration files; 84see 85.Xr named 8 86.It Li uucp/ 87UUCP configuration files; 88.El 89.It Li /mnt/ 90empty directory commonly used by 91system administrators as a temporary mount point 92.It Li /netbsd 93pure kernel executable (the operating system loaded into memory 94at boot time). 95.It Li /sbin/ 96system programs and administration utilities 97fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments 98.It Li /stand/ 99programs used in a standalone environment 100.It Li /tmp/ 101temporary files, usually a 102.Xr mfs 8 103memory-based filesystem (the contents 104of /tmp are usually NOT preserved across a system reboot) 105.It Li /usr/ 106contains the majority of user utilities and applications 107.Pp 108.Bl -tag -width "libdata/" -compact 109.It Li bin/ 110common utilities, programming tools, and applications 111.It Li contrib/ 112large packages contributed to Berkeley by outside parties 113.It Li games/ 114useful and semi-frivolous programs 115.It Li include/ 116standard C include files 117.Pp 118.Bl -tag -width "kerberosIV/" -compact 119.It Li X11/ 120C include files for X11 window system 121.It Li arpa/ 122C include files for Internet service protocols 123.It Li kerberosIV/ 124C include files for kerberos authentication package; 125see 126.Xr kerberos 1 127.It Li machine/ 128machine specific C include files 129.It Li net/ 130misc network C include files 131.It Li netimp/ 132C include files for IMP protocols; 133see 134.Xr imp 4 135.It Li netinet/ 136C include files for Internet standard protocols; 137see 138.Xr inet 4 139.It Li netiso/ 140C include files for ISO standard protocols; 141see 142.Xr iso 4 143.It Li netns/ 144C include files for XNS standard protocols; 145see 146.Xr \&ns 4 147.It Li nfs/ 148C include files for NFS (Network File System) 149.It Li pascal/ 150include files for pc 1 151.It Li protocols/ 152C include files for Berkeley service protocols 153.It Li sys/ 154system C include files (kernel data structures) 155.It Li ufs/ 156C include files for UFS (The U-word File System) 157.El 158.Pp 159.It Li lib/ 160archive libraries 161.It Li libdata/ 162misc. utility data files 163.It Li libexec/ 164system daemons & system utilities (executed by other programs) 165.It Li local/ 166local executables, libraries, etc. 167.It Li mdec/ 168boot blocks, etc. 169.It Li obj/ 170architecture-specific target tree produced by building the /usr/src tree 171.It Li old/ 172programs from past lives of BSD which may disappear in future 173releases 174.It Li sbin/ 175system daemons & system utilities (executed by users) 176.It Li share/ 177architecture-independent data files 178.Pp 179.Bl -tag -width "calendar/" -compact 180.It Li calendar/ 181a variety of pre-fab calendar files; 182see 183.Xr calendar 1 184.It Li dict/ 185word lists; 186see 187.Xr look 1 188.Pp 189.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact 190.It Li words 191common words 192.It Li web2 193words from Webster's 2nd International 194.It Li papers/ 195reference databases; 196see 197.Xr refer 1 198.It Li special/ 199custom word lists; 200see 201.Xr spell 1 202.El 203.Pp 204.It Li doc/ 205misc documentation; 206src for most of the printed 207.Bx 4.3 208manuals (available 209from the 210.Tn USENIX 211association) 212.It Li games/ 213ascii text files used by various games 214.It Li man/ 215manual pages 216.It Li me/ 217macros for use with the me macro package 218.It Li misc/ 219misc system-wide ascii text files 220.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact 221.It Li termcap 222terminal characteristics database; 223see 224.Xr termcap 5 225.El 226.It Li mk/ 227templates for make; 228see 229.Xr make 1 230.It Li ms/ 231macros for use with the ms macro package 232.It Li skel/ 233example . (dot) files for new accounts 234.It Li tabset/ 235tab description files for a variety of terminals; used in 236the termcap file; 237see 238.Xr termcap 5 239.It Li tmac/ 240text processing macros; 241see 242.Xr nroff 1 243and 244.Xr troff 1 245.It Li zoneinfo/ 246timezone configuration information; 247see 248.Xr tzfile 5 249.El 250.Pp 251.It Li src/ 252BSD and/or local source files 253.Pp 254.Bl -tag -width "kerberosIV/" -compact 255.It Li bin/ 256src for files in /bin 257.It Li contrib/ 258src for files in /usr/contrib 259.It Li etc/ 260src for files in /etc 261.It Li games/ 262src for files in /usr/games 263.It Li include/ 264src for files in /usr/include 265.It Li kerberosIV/ 266src for kerberos version IV 267.It Li lib/ 268src for files in /usr/lib 269.It Li libexec/ 270src for files in /usr/libexec 271.It Li local/ 272src for files in /usr/local 273.It Li old/ 274src for files in /usr/old 275.It Li pgrm/ 276src for programming tools in /usr/bin 277.It Li sbin/ 278src for files in /sbin 279.It Li share/ 280src for files in /usr/share 281.It Li sys/ 282kernel src files 283.It Li usr.bin/ 284src for files in /usr/bin 285.It Li usr.sbin/ 286src for files in /usr/sbin 287.El 288.El 289.It Li /var/ 290multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files 291.Pp 292.Bl -tag -width "preserve/" -compact 293.It Li account/ 294system accounting files 295.Pp 296.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact 297.It Li acct 298execution accounting file; 299see 300.Xr acct 5 301.El 302.Pp 303.It Li at/ 304timed command scheduling files; 305see 306.Xr \&at 1 307.It Li backups/ 308misc. backup files 309.It Li db/ 310misc. automatically generated system-specific database files 311.It Li games/ 312misc. game status and log files 313.It Li log/ 314misc. system log files 315.Pp 316.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact 317.It Li wtmp 318login/logout log; 319see 320.Xr wtmp 5 321.El 322.Pp 323.It Li mail/ 324user mailbox files 325.It Li preserve/ 326temporary home of files preserved after an accidental death 327of an editor; 328see 329.Xr \&ex 1 330.It Li quotas/ 331filesystem quota information files 332.It Li run/ 333system information files describing various info about 334system since it was booted 335.Pp 336.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact 337.It Li utmp 338database of current users; 339see 340.Xr utmp 5 341.El 342.Pp 343.It Li rwho/ 344rwho data files; 345see 346.Xr rwhod 8 , 347.Xr rwho 1 , 348and 349.Xr ruptime 1 350.It Li spool/ 351misc. printer and mail system spooling directories 352.Pp 353.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact 354.It Li ftp/ 355commonly ~ftp; the anonymous ftp root directory 356.It Li mqueue/ 357undelivered mail queue; 358see 359.Xr sendmail 8 360.It Li output/ 361line printer spooling directories 362.It Li secretmail/ 363secretmail spool directory; 364see 365.Xr xget 1 366.It Li uucp/ 367uucp spool directory 368.It Li uucppublic/ 369commonly ~uucp; public uucp temporary directory 370.El 371.Pp 372.It Li tmp/ 373temporary files that are kept between system reboots 374.El 375.El 376.Sh SEE ALSO 377.Xr \&ls 1 , 378.Xr apropos 1 , 379.Xr whatis 1 , 380.Xr whereis 1 , 381.Xr finger 1 , 382.Xr which 1 , 383.Xr find 1 , 384.Xr grep 1 , 385.Xr fsck 8 386.Sh HISTORY 387A 388.Nm hier 389manual page appeared in 390.At v7 . 391