1.\" $NetBSD: intro.3,v 1.8 1999/03/15 08:22:21 garbled Exp $ 2.\" 3.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1991, 1993 4.\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 5.\" 6.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 7.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 8.\" are met: 9.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 10.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 11.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 12.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 13.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 14.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 15.\" must display the following acknowledgement: 16.\" This product includes software developed by the University of 17.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. 18.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20.\" without specific prior written permission. 21.\" 22.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32.\" SUCH DAMAGE. 33.\" 34.\" @(#)intro.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93 35.\" 36.Dd June 5, 1993 37.Dt INTRO 3 38.Os 39.Sh NAME 40.Nm intro 41.Nd introduction to the C libraries 42.Sh DESCRIPTION 43This section provides an overview of the C 44library functions, their error returns and other 45common definitions and concepts. 46Most of these functions are available from the C library, 47.Em libc . 48Other libraries, such as the math library, 49.Em libm , 50must be indicated at compile time with the 51.Fl l 52option of the compiler. 53.\" .Pp 54.\" A subset of the 55.\" .Xr libc functions 56.\" are available from Fortran; 57.\" they are described separately in 58.\" .Xr intro 3f . 59.Pp 60The various libraries (followed by the loader flag): 61.Bl -tag -width "libc (-lc)" 62.It Em libc Pq Fl l Ns Ar c 63Standard C library functions. 64When using the C compiler 65.Xr cc 1 , 66it is not necessary 67to supply the loader flag 68.Fl l Ns Ar c 69for these functions. 70There are several `libraries' or groups of functions included inside of 71.Em libc : 72the standard 73.Tn I/O 74routines, database routines, bit operators, string operators, 75character tests and character operators, 76.Tn DES 77encryption routines, 78storage allocation, time functions, signal handling and more. 79.It Xo 80.Em libcurses 81.Pf ( Fl l Ns Ar curses 82.Fl l Ns Ar termcap ) 83.Xc 84Terminal independent screen management routines 85for two dimensional non-bitmap display terminals (see 86.Xr curses 3 ) . 87.It Em libcompat Pq Fl l Ns Ar compat 88Functions which are obsolete but are available for compatibility with 89.Bx 4.3 . 90In particular, 91a number of system call interfaces provided in previous releases of 92.Bx 93have been included for source code compatibility. 94Use of these routines should, for the most part, be avoided. 95The manual page entry for each compatibility routine 96indicates the proper interface to use. 97.\" .It Em libkvm 98.It Em libl Pq Fl l Ns Ar l 99The library for 100.Xr lex 1 . 101.\" .It Em libln 102.It Em libm Pq Fl l Ns Ar m 103The math library, 104.Em libm . 105.\" The math library is loaded as needed by the Pascal compiler 106.\" .Xr pc 1 , 107.\" but not by the C compiler which requires the 108.\" .Fl l Ns Ar m 109.\" flag (see 110.\" .Xr math 3 ) . 111.\" .It Em libmp Pq Fl l Ns Ar mp 112.\" .It Em libom 113.\" Old math library. 114.\" .It Em libplot Pq Fl l Ns Ar plot 115.\" Device independent plotting functions (see 116.\" .Xr plot 3 ) . 117.\" .It Em libplotf77 Pq Fl l Ns Ar plotf77 118.\" The device independent plotting functions for fortran. (see 119.\" .Xr plot 3 ) . 120.\" .It Em libresolv Pq Fl l Ns Ar resolv 121.\" Routines for network address resolution. 122.It Em libtermcap Pq Fl l Ns Ar termcap 123The terminal independent operation library package (see 124.Xr termcap 3 ) . 125.\" .It libvt0.a 126.It Em liby Pq Fl l Ns Ar y 127The library for 128.Xr yacc 1 . 129.El 130.Sh FILES 131.Bl -tag -width /usr/lib/libm_p.a -compact 132.It Pa /usr/lib/libc.a 133the C library 134.It Pa /usr/lib/libm.a 135the math library 136.It Pa /usr/lib/libc_p.a 137the C library compiled for profiling 138.It Pa /usr/lib/libm_p.a 139the math library compiled for profiling 140.El 141.Sh SEE ALSO 142.Xr cc 1 , 143.Xr ld 1 , 144.Xr nm 1 , 145.Xr intro 2 , 146.Xr math 3 , 147.Xr stdio 3 148.\" .Sh LIST OF FUNCTIONS 149.\" .Bl -column "strncasecmpxxx" "system" 150.\" .Sy Name Description 151.\" .El 152.Sh HISTORY 153An 154.Nm intro 155manual appeared in 156.At v7 . 157