xref: /netbsd-src/sbin/tunefs/tunefs.c (revision d90047b5d07facf36e6c01dcc0bded8997ce9cc2)
1 /*	$NetBSD: tunefs.c,v 1.52 2020/05/16 18:31:47 christos Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 #ifndef lint
34 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1993\
35  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
36 #endif /* not lint */
37 
38 #ifndef lint
39 #if 0
40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)tunefs.c	8.3 (Berkeley) 5/3/95";
41 #else
42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: tunefs.c,v 1.52 2020/05/16 18:31:47 christos Exp $");
43 #endif
44 #endif /* not lint */
45 
46 /*
47  * tunefs: change layout parameters to an existing file system.
48  */
49 #include <sys/param.h>
50 #include <sys/statvfs.h>
51 
52 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
53 #include <ufs/ffs/ffs_extern.h>
54 #include <ufs/ufs/ufs_wapbl.h>
55 #include <ufs/ufs/ufsmount.h>
56 #include <ufs/ufs/quota2.h>
57 
58 #include <machine/bswap.h>
59 
60 #include <err.h>
61 #include <errno.h>
62 #include <fcntl.h>
63 #include <fstab.h>
64 #include <paths.h>
65 #include <stdio.h>
66 #include <stdlib.h>
67 #include <string.h>
68 #include <unistd.h>
69 #include <util.h>
70 
71 /* the optimization warning string template */
72 #define	OPTWARN	"should optimize for %s with minfree %s %d%%"
73 
74 union {
75 	struct	fs sb;
76 	char data[MAXBSIZE];
77 } sbun, buf;
78 #define	sblock sbun.sb
79 
80 int	fi;
81 long	dev_bsize = 512;
82 int	needswap = 0;
83 int	is_ufs2 = 0;
84 off_t	sblockloc;
85 int	userquota = 0;
86 int	groupquota = 0;
87 #define Q2_EN  (1)
88 #define Q2_IGN (0)
89 #define Q2_DIS (-1)
90 
91 static off_t sblock_try[] = SBLOCKSEARCH;
92 
93 static	void	bwrite(daddr_t, char *, int, const char *);
94 static	void	bread(daddr_t, char *, int, const char *);
95 static	void	change_log_info(long long);
96 static	void	getsb(struct fs *, const char *);
97 static	int	openpartition(const char *, int, char *, size_t);
98 static	void	show_log_info(void);
99 __dead static	void	usage(void);
100 
101 int
102 main(int argc, char *argv[])
103 {
104 	int		i, ch, aflag, pflag, Aflag, Fflag, Nflag, openflags;
105 	const char	*special, *chg[2];
106 	char		device[MAXPATHLEN];
107 	int		maxbpg, minfree, optim, secsize;
108 	int		avgfilesize, avgfpdir, active;
109 	long long	logfilesize;
110 	int		secshift, fsbtodb;
111 	const char  	*avalue, *pvalue, *name;
112 	struct statvfs	sfs;
113 
114 	aflag = pflag = Aflag = Fflag = Nflag = 0;
115 	avalue = pvalue = NULL;
116 	maxbpg = minfree = optim = secsize = -1;
117 	avgfilesize = avgfpdir = -1;
118 	logfilesize = -1;
119 	secshift = 0;
120 	chg[FS_OPTSPACE] = "space";
121 	chg[FS_OPTTIME] = "time";
122 
123 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "AFNa:e:g:h:l:m:o:p:q:S:")) != -1) {
124 		switch (ch) {
125 
126 		case 'A':
127 			Aflag++;
128 			break;
129 
130 		case 'F':
131 			Fflag++;
132 			break;
133 
134 		case 'N':
135 			Nflag++;
136 			break;
137 
138 		case 'a':
139 			name = "ACLs";
140 			avalue = optarg;
141 			if (strcmp(avalue, "enable") &&
142 			    strcmp(avalue, "disable")) {
143 				errx(10, "bad %s (options are %s)",
144 				    name, "`enable' or `disable'");
145 			}
146 			aflag = 1;
147  			break;
148 
149 		case 'e':
150 			maxbpg = strsuftoll(
151 			    "maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group",
152 			    optarg, 1, INT_MAX);
153 			break;
154 
155 		case 'g':
156 			avgfilesize = strsuftoll("average file size", optarg,
157 			    1, INT_MAX);
158 			break;
159 
160 		case 'h':
161 			avgfpdir = strsuftoll(
162 			    "expected number of files per directory",
163 			    optarg, 1, INT_MAX);
164 			break;
165 
166 		case 'l':
167 			logfilesize = strsuftoll("journal log file size",
168 			    optarg, 0, INT_MAX);
169 			break;
170 
171 		case 'm':
172 			minfree = strsuftoll("minimum percentage of free space",
173 			    optarg, 0, 99);
174 			break;
175 
176 		case 'o':
177 			if (strcmp(optarg, chg[FS_OPTSPACE]) == 0)
178 				optim = FS_OPTSPACE;
179 			else if (strcmp(optarg, chg[FS_OPTTIME]) == 0)
180 				optim = FS_OPTTIME;
181 			else
182 				errx(10,
183 				    "bad %s (options are `space' or `time')",
184 				    "optimization preference");
185 			break;
186 
187 		case 'p':
188 			name = "POSIX1e ACLs";
189 			pvalue = optarg;
190 			if (strcmp(pvalue, "enable") &&
191 			    strcmp(pvalue, "disable")) {
192 				errx(10, "bad %s (options are %s)",
193 				    name, "`enable' or `disable'");
194 			}
195 			pflag = 1;
196 			break;
197 
198 		case 'q':
199 			if      (strcmp(optarg, "user") == 0)
200 				userquota = Q2_EN;
201 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "group") == 0)
202 				groupquota = Q2_EN;
203 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "nouser") == 0)
204 				userquota = Q2_DIS;
205 			else if (strcmp(optarg, "nogroup") == 0)
206 				groupquota = Q2_DIS;
207 			else
208 			    errx(11, "invalid quota type %s", optarg);
209 			break;
210 
211 		case 'S':
212 			secsize = strsuftoll("physical sector size",
213 			    optarg, 0, INT_MAX);
214 			secshift = ffs(secsize) - 1;
215 			if (secsize != 0 && 1 << secshift != secsize)
216 				errx(12, "sector size %d is not a power of two", secsize);
217 			break;
218 
219 		default:
220 			usage();
221 		}
222 	}
223 	argc -= optind;
224 	argv += optind;
225 	if (argc != 1)
226 		usage();
227 
228 	special = argv[0];
229 	openflags = Nflag ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR;
230 	if (Fflag)
231 		fi = open(special, openflags);
232 	else {
233 		fi = openpartition(special, openflags, device, sizeof(device));
234 		special = device;
235 	}
236 	active = fstatvfs(fi, &sfs) != -1;
237 	if (fi == -1)
238 		err(1, "%s", special);
239 	getsb(&sblock, special);
240 
241 #define CHANGEVAL(old, new, type, suffix) do				\
242 	if ((new) != -1) {						\
243 		if ((new) == (old))					\
244 			warnx("%s remains unchanged at %d%s",		\
245 			    (type), (old), (suffix));			\
246 		else {							\
247 			warnx("%s changes from %d%s to %d%s",		\
248 			    (type), (old), (suffix), (new), (suffix));	\
249 			(old) = (new);					\
250 		}							\
251 	} while (/* CONSTCOND */0)
252 
253 	warnx("tuning %s", special);
254 	CHANGEVAL(sblock.fs_maxbpg, maxbpg,
255 	    "maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group", "");
256 	CHANGEVAL(sblock.fs_minfree, minfree,
257 	    "minimum percentage of free space", "%");
258 	if (minfree != -1) {
259 		if (minfree >= MINFREE &&
260 		    sblock.fs_optim == FS_OPTSPACE)
261 			warnx(OPTWARN, "time", ">=", MINFREE);
262 		if (minfree < MINFREE &&
263 		    sblock.fs_optim == FS_OPTTIME)
264 			warnx(OPTWARN, "space", "<", MINFREE);
265 	}
266 	if (optim != -1) {
267 		if (sblock.fs_optim == optim) {
268 			warnx("%s remains unchanged as %s",
269 			    "optimization preference",
270 			    chg[optim]);
271 		} else {
272 			warnx("%s changes from %s to %s",
273 			    "optimization preference",
274 			    chg[sblock.fs_optim], chg[optim]);
275 			sblock.fs_optim = optim;
276 			if (sblock.fs_minfree >= MINFREE &&
277 			    optim == FS_OPTSPACE)
278 				warnx(OPTWARN, "time", ">=", MINFREE);
279 			if (sblock.fs_minfree < MINFREE &&
280 			    optim == FS_OPTTIME)
281 				warnx(OPTWARN, "space", "<", MINFREE);
282 		}
283 	}
284 	if (secsize != -1) {
285 		if (secsize == 0) {
286 			secsize = sblock.fs_fsize / FFS_FSBTODB(&sblock, 1);
287 			secshift = ffs(secsize) - 1;
288 		}
289 
290 		if (secshift < DEV_BSHIFT)
291 			warnx("sector size must be at least %d", DEV_BSIZE);
292 		else if (secshift > sblock.fs_fshift)
293 			warnx("sector size %d cannot be larger than fragment size %d",
294 				secsize, sblock.fs_fsize);
295 		else {
296 			fsbtodb = sblock.fs_fshift - secshift;
297 			if (fsbtodb == sblock.fs_fsbtodb) {
298 				warnx("sector size remains unchanged as %d",
299 					sblock.fs_fsize / FFS_FSBTODB(&sblock, 1));
300 			} else {
301 				warnx("sector size changed from %d to %d",
302 					sblock.fs_fsize / FFS_FSBTODB(&sblock, 1),
303 					secsize);
304 				sblock.fs_fsbtodb = fsbtodb;
305 			}
306 		}
307 	}
308 	CHANGEVAL(sblock.fs_avgfilesize, avgfilesize,
309 	    "average file size", "");
310 	CHANGEVAL(sblock.fs_avgfpdir, avgfpdir,
311 	    "expected number of files per directory", "");
312 
313 	if (logfilesize >= 0)
314 		change_log_info(logfilesize);
315 	if (userquota == Q2_EN || groupquota == Q2_EN)
316 		sblock.fs_flags |= FS_DOQUOTA2;
317 	if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOQUOTA2) {
318 		sblock.fs_quota_magic = Q2_HEAD_MAGIC;
319 		switch(userquota) {
320 		case Q2_EN:
321 			if ((sblock.fs_quota_flags & FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(USRQUOTA))
322 			    == 0) {
323 				printf("enabling user quotas\n");
324 				sblock.fs_quota_flags |=
325 				    FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(USRQUOTA);
326 				sblock.fs_quotafile[USRQUOTA] = 0;
327 			}
328 			break;
329 		case Q2_DIS:
330 			if ((sblock.fs_quota_flags & FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(USRQUOTA))
331 			    != 0) {
332 				printf("disabling user quotas\n");
333 				sblock.fs_quota_flags &=
334 				    ~FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(USRQUOTA);
335 			}
336 		}
337 		switch(groupquota) {
338 		case Q2_EN:
339 			if ((sblock.fs_quota_flags & FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(GRPQUOTA))
340 			    == 0) {
341 				printf("enabling group quotas\n");
342 				sblock.fs_quota_flags |=
343 				    FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(GRPQUOTA);
344 				sblock.fs_quotafile[GRPQUOTA] = 0;
345 			}
346 			break;
347 		case Q2_DIS:
348 			if ((sblock.fs_quota_flags & FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(GRPQUOTA))
349 			    != 0) {
350 				printf("disabling group quotas\n");
351 				sblock.fs_quota_flags &=
352 				    ~FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(GRPQUOTA);
353 			}
354 		}
355 	}
356 	/*
357 	 * if we disabled all quotas, FS_DOQUOTA2 and associated inode(s) will
358 	 * be cleared by kernel or fsck.
359 	 */
360 	if (aflag) {
361 		name = "ACLs";
362 		if (strcmp(avalue, "enable") == 0) {
363 			if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_ACLS) {
364 				warnx("%s remains unchanged as enabled", name);
365 			} else if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_POSIX1EACLS) {
366 				warnx("%s and POSIX.1e ACLs are mutually "
367 				    "exclusive", name);
368 			} else {
369 				sblock.fs_flags |= FS_ACLS;
370 				printf("%s set\n", name);
371 			}
372 		} else if (strcmp(avalue, "disable") == 0) {
373 			if ((~sblock.fs_flags & FS_ACLS) == FS_ACLS) {
374 				warnx("%s remains unchanged as disabled",
375 				    name);
376 			} else {
377 				sblock.fs_flags &= ~FS_ACLS;
378 				printf("%s cleared\n", name);
379 			}
380  		}
381  	}
382 
383 	if (pflag) {
384 		name = "POSIX1e ACLs";
385 		if (strcmp(pvalue, "enable") == 0) {
386 			if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_POSIX1EACLS) {
387 				warnx("%s remains unchanged as enabled", name);
388 			} else if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_ACLS) {
389 				warnx("%s and ACLs are mutually "
390 				    "exclusive", name);
391 			} else {
392 				sblock.fs_flags |= FS_POSIX1EACLS;
393 				printf("%s set", name);
394 			}
395 		} else if (strcmp(pvalue, "disable") == 0) {
396 			if ((~sblock.fs_flags & FS_POSIX1EACLS) ==
397 			    FS_POSIX1EACLS) {
398 				warnx("%s remains unchanged as disabled",
399 				    name);
400 			} else {
401 				sblock.fs_flags &= ~FS_POSIX1EACLS;
402 				printf("%s cleared", name);
403 			}
404 		}
405 	}
406 
407 	if (Nflag) {
408 		printf("%s: current settings of %s\n", getprogname(), special);
409 		printf("\tmaximum contiguous block count %d\n",
410 		    sblock.fs_maxcontig);
411 		printf("\tmaximum blocks per file in a cylinder group %d\n",
412 		    sblock.fs_maxbpg);
413 		printf("\tminimum percentage of free space %d%%\n",
414 		    sblock.fs_minfree);
415 		printf("\toptimization preference: %s\n", chg[sblock.fs_optim]);
416 		printf("\taverage file size: %d\n", sblock.fs_avgfilesize);
417 		printf("\texpected number of files per directory: %d\n",
418 		    sblock.fs_avgfpdir);
419 		show_log_info();
420 		printf("\tquotas");
421 		if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOQUOTA2) {
422 			if (sblock.fs_quota_flags & FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(USRQUOTA)) {
423 				printf(" user");
424 				if (sblock.fs_quota_flags &
425 				    FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(GRPQUOTA))
426 					printf(",");
427 			}
428 			if (sblock.fs_quota_flags & FS_Q2_DO_TYPE(GRPQUOTA))
429 				printf(" group");
430 			printf(" enabled\n");
431 		} else {
432 			printf(" disabled\n");
433 		}
434 		printf("\tPOSIX.1e ACLs %s\n",
435 		    (sblock.fs_flags & FS_POSIX1EACLS) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
436 		printf("\tACLs %s\n",
437 		    (sblock.fs_flags & FS_ACLS) ? "enabled" : "disabled");
438 		printf("%s: no changes made\n", getprogname());
439 		return 0;
440 	}
441 
442 	memcpy(&buf, (char *)&sblock, SBLOCKSIZE);
443 	if (needswap)
444 		ffs_sb_swap((struct fs*)&buf, (struct fs*)&buf);
445 
446 	/* write superblock to original coordinates (use old dev_bsize!) */
447 	bwrite(sblockloc, buf.data, SBLOCKSIZE, special);
448 
449 	if (active) {
450 		struct ufs_args args;
451 		args.fspec = sfs.f_mntfromname;
452 		if (mount(MOUNT_FFS, sfs.f_mntonname, sfs.f_flag | MNT_UPDATE,
453 		     &args, sizeof args) == -1)
454 			 warn("mount");
455 		else
456 			printf("%s: mount of %s on %s updated\n",
457 			    getprogname(), sfs.f_mntfromname, sfs.f_mntonname);
458 	}
459 
460 
461 	/* correct dev_bsize from possibly changed superblock data */
462 	dev_bsize = sblock.fs_fsize / FFS_FSBTODB(&sblock, 1);
463 
464 	if (Aflag)
465 		for (i = 0; i < sblock.fs_ncg; i++)
466 			bwrite(FFS_FSBTODB(&sblock, cgsblock(&sblock, i)),
467 			    buf.data, SBLOCKSIZE, special);
468 	close(fi);
469 	exit(0);
470 }
471 
472 static void
473 show_log_info(void)
474 {
475 	const char *loc;
476 	uint64_t size, blksize, logsize;
477 	int print;
478 
479 	switch (sblock.fs_journal_location) {
480 	case UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_NONE:
481 		print = blksize = 0;
482 		/* nothing */
483 		break;
484 	case UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_END_PARTITION:
485 		loc = "end of partition";
486 		size = sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_EPART_COUNT];
487 		blksize = sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_EPART_BLKSZ];
488 		print = 1;
489 		break;
490 	case UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_IN_FILESYSTEM:
491 		loc = "in filesystem";
492 		size = sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_COUNT];
493 		blksize = sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_BLKSZ];
494 		print = 1;
495 		break;
496 	default:
497 		loc = "unknown";
498 		size = blksize = 0;
499 		print = 1;
500 		break;
501 	}
502 
503 	if (print) {
504 		logsize = size * blksize;
505 
506 		printf("\tjournal log file location: %s\n", loc);
507 		printf("\tjournal log file size: ");
508 		if (logsize == 0)
509 			printf("0\n");
510 		else {
511 			char sizebuf[8];
512 			humanize_number(sizebuf, 6, size * blksize, "B",
513 			    HN_AUTOSCALE, HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL);
514 			printf("%s (%" PRId64 " bytes)", sizebuf, logsize);
515 		}
516 		printf("\n");
517 		printf("\tjournal log flags:");
518 		if (sblock.fs_journal_flags & UFS_WAPBL_FLAGS_CREATE_LOG)
519 			printf(" create-log");
520 		if (sblock.fs_journal_flags & UFS_WAPBL_FLAGS_CLEAR_LOG)
521 			printf(" clear-log");
522 		printf("\n");
523 	}
524 }
525 
526 static void
527 change_log_info(long long logfilesize)
528 {
529 	/*
530 	 * NOTES:
531 	 *  - only operate on in-filesystem log sizes
532 	 *  - can't change size of existing log
533 	 *  - if current is same, no action
534 	 *  - if current is zero and new is non-zero, set flag to create log
535 	 *    on next mount
536 	 *  - if current is non-zero and new is zero, set flag to clear log
537 	 *    on next mount
538 	 */
539 	int in_fs_log;
540 	uint64_t old_size;
541 
542 	old_size = 0;
543 	switch (sblock.fs_journal_location) {
544 	case UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_END_PARTITION:
545 		in_fs_log = 0;
546 		old_size = sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_EPART_COUNT] *
547 		    sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_EPART_BLKSZ];
548 		break;
549 
550 	case UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_IN_FILESYSTEM:
551 		in_fs_log = 1;
552 		old_size = sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_COUNT] *
553 		    sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_BLKSZ];
554 		break;
555 
556 	case UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_NONE:
557 	default:
558 		in_fs_log = 0;
559 		old_size = 0;
560 		break;
561 	}
562 
563 	if (logfilesize == 0) {
564 		/*
565 		 * Don't clear out the locators - the kernel might need
566 		 * these to find the log!  Just set the "clear the log"
567 		 * flag and let the kernel do the rest.
568 		 */
569 		sblock.fs_journal_flags |= UFS_WAPBL_FLAGS_CLEAR_LOG;
570 		sblock.fs_journal_flags &= ~UFS_WAPBL_FLAGS_CREATE_LOG;
571 		warnx("log file size cleared from %" PRIu64 "", old_size);
572 		return;
573 	}
574 
575 	if (!in_fs_log && logfilesize > 0 && old_size > 0)
576 		errx(1, "Can't change size of non-in-filesystem log");
577 
578 	if (old_size == (uint64_t)logfilesize && logfilesize > 0) {
579 		/* no action */
580 		warnx("log file size remains unchanged at %lld", logfilesize);
581 		return;
582 	}
583 
584 	if (old_size == 0) {
585 		/* create new log of desired size next mount */
586 		sblock.fs_journal_location = UFS_WAPBL_JOURNALLOC_IN_FILESYSTEM;
587 		sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_ADDR] = 0;
588 		sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_COUNT] = logfilesize;
589 		sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_BLKSZ] = 0;
590 		sblock.fs_journallocs[UFS_WAPBL_INFS_INO] = 0;
591 		sblock.fs_journal_flags |= UFS_WAPBL_FLAGS_CREATE_LOG;
592 		sblock.fs_journal_flags &= ~UFS_WAPBL_FLAGS_CLEAR_LOG;
593 		warnx("log file size set to %lld", logfilesize);
594 	} else {
595 		errx(1,
596 		    "Can't change existing log size from %" PRIu64 " to %lld",
597 		     old_size, logfilesize);
598 	}
599 }
600 
601 static void
602 usage(void)
603 {
604 
605 	fprintf(stderr, "usage: tunefs [-AFN] tuneup-options special-device\n");
606 	fprintf(stderr, "where tuneup-options are:\n");
607 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-a ACLS: `enable' or `disable'\n");
608 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-e maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group\n");
609 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-g average file size\n");
610 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-h expected number of files per directory\n");
611 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-l journal log file size (`0' to clear journal)\n");
612 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum percentage of free space\n");
613 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-p POSIX.1e ACLS: `enable' or `disable'\n");
614 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-o optimization preference (`space' or `time')\n");
615 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-q quota type (`[no]user' or `[no]group')\n");
616 	fprintf(stderr, "\t-S sector size\n");
617 	exit(2);
618 }
619 
620 static void
621 getsb(struct fs *fs, const char *file)
622 {
623 	int i;
624 
625 	for (i = 0; ; i++) {
626 		if (sblock_try[i] == -1)
627 			errx(5, "cannot find filesystem superblock");
628 		bread(sblock_try[i] / dev_bsize, (char *)fs, SBLOCKSIZE, file);
629 		switch(fs->fs_magic) {
630 		case FS_UFS2_MAGIC:
631 			is_ufs2 = 1;
632 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
633 		case FS_UFS1_MAGIC:
634 			break;
635 		case FS_UFS2_MAGIC_SWAPPED:
636 			is_ufs2 = 1;
637 			/*FALLTHROUGH*/
638 		case FS_UFS1_MAGIC_SWAPPED:
639 			warnx("%s: swapping byte order", file);
640 			needswap = 1;
641 			ffs_sb_swap(fs, fs);
642 			break;
643 		default:
644 			continue;
645 		}
646 		if (!is_ufs2 && sblock_try[i] == SBLOCK_UFS2)
647 			continue;
648 		if ((is_ufs2 || fs->fs_old_flags & FS_FLAGS_UPDATED)
649 		    && fs->fs_sblockloc != sblock_try[i])
650 			continue;
651 		break;
652 	}
653 
654 	dev_bsize = fs->fs_fsize / FFS_FSBTODB(fs, 1);
655 	sblockloc = sblock_try[i] / dev_bsize;
656 }
657 
658 static void
659 bwrite(daddr_t blk, char *buffer, int size, const char *file)
660 {
661 	off_t	offset;
662 
663 	offset = (off_t)blk * dev_bsize;
664 	if (lseek(fi, offset, SEEK_SET) == -1)
665 		err(6, "%s: seeking to %lld", file, (long long)offset);
666 	if (write(fi, buffer, size) != size)
667 		err(7, "%s: writing %d bytes", file, size);
668 }
669 
670 static void
671 bread(daddr_t blk, char *buffer, int cnt, const char *file)
672 {
673 	off_t	offset;
674 	int	i;
675 
676 	offset = (off_t)blk * dev_bsize;
677 	if (lseek(fi, offset, SEEK_SET) == -1)
678 		err(4, "%s: seeking to %lld", file, (long long)offset);
679 	if ((i = read(fi, buffer, cnt)) != cnt)
680 		errx(5, "%s: short read", file);
681 }
682 
683 static int
684 openpartition(const char *name, int flags, char *device, size_t devicelen)
685 {
686 	char		specname[MAXPATHLEN];
687 	char		rawname[MAXPATHLEN];
688 	const char	*special, *raw;
689 	struct fstab	*fs;
690 	int		fd, oerrno;
691 
692 	fs = getfsfile(name);
693 	special = fs ? fs->fs_spec : name;
694 
695 	raw = getfsspecname(specname, sizeof(specname), special);
696 	if (raw == NULL)
697 		err(1, "%s: %s", name, specname);
698 	special = getdiskrawname(rawname, sizeof(rawname), raw);
699 	if (special == NULL)
700 		special = raw;
701 
702 	fd = opendisk(special, flags, device, devicelen, 0);
703 	if (fd == -1 && errno == ENOENT) {
704 		oerrno = errno;
705 		strlcpy(device, special, devicelen);
706 		errno = oerrno;
707 	}
708 	return (fd);
709 }
710