xref: /netbsd-src/sbin/route/route.c (revision ca453df649ce9db45b64d73678ba06cbccf9aa11)
1 /*	$NetBSD: route.c,v 1.131 2011/07/01 02:54:51 joerg Exp $	*/
2 
3 /*
4  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1991, 1993
5  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
16  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
17  *    without specific prior written permission.
18  *
19  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
20  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
21  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
22  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
23  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
24  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
25  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
26  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
27  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29  * SUCH DAMAGE.
30  */
31 
32 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
33 #ifndef lint
34 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1991, 1993\
35  The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.");
36 #endif /* not lint */
37 
38 #ifndef lint
39 #if 0
40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)route.c	8.6 (Berkeley) 4/28/95";
41 #else
42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: route.c,v 1.131 2011/07/01 02:54:51 joerg Exp $");
43 #endif
44 #endif /* not lint */
45 
46 #include <sys/param.h>
47 #include <sys/file.h>
48 #include <sys/socket.h>
49 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
50 #include <sys/mbuf.h>
51 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
52 
53 #include <net/if.h>
54 #include <net/route.h>
55 #include <net/if_dl.h>
56 #include <net80211/ieee80211_netbsd.h>
57 #include <netinet/in.h>
58 #include <netatalk/at.h>
59 #include <netiso/iso.h>
60 #include <netmpls/mpls.h>
61 #include <arpa/inet.h>
62 #include <netdb.h>
63 
64 #include <errno.h>
65 #include <unistd.h>
66 #include <stdio.h>
67 #include <ctype.h>
68 #include <stdlib.h>
69 #include <string.h>
70 #include <time.h>
71 #include <paths.h>
72 #include <err.h>
73 
74 #include <rump/rump.h>
75 #include <rump/rump_syscalls.h>
76 #include <rump/rumpclient.h>
77 
78 #include "keywords.h"
79 #include "extern.h"
80 #include "prog_ops.h"
81 
82 union sockunion {
83 	struct	sockaddr sa;
84 	struct	sockaddr_in sin;
85 #ifdef INET6
86 	struct	sockaddr_in6 sin6;
87 #endif
88 	struct	sockaddr_at sat;
89 	struct	sockaddr_dl sdl;
90 #ifndef SMALL
91 	struct	sockaddr_iso siso;
92 	struct	sockaddr_mpls smpls;
93 #endif /* SMALL */
94 	struct	sockaddr_storage sstorage;
95 };
96 
97 typedef union sockunion *sup;
98 
99 struct sou {
100 	union sockunion *so_dst, *so_gate, *so_mask, *so_genmask, *so_ifa,
101 		*so_ifp, *so_mpls;
102 };
103 
104 static char *any_ntoa(const struct sockaddr *);
105 static const char *route_strerror(int);
106 static void set_metric(const char *, int);
107 static int newroute(int, char *const *);
108 static void inet_makenetandmask(u_int32_t, struct sockaddr_in *, struct sou *);
109 #ifdef INET6
110 static int inet6_makenetandmask(const struct sockaddr_in6 *, struct sou *);
111 #endif
112 static int getaddr(int, const char *, struct hostent **, struct sou *);
113 static int flushroutes(int, char *const [], int);
114 static int prefixlen(const char *, struct sou *);
115 #ifndef SMALL
116 static void interfaces(void);
117 static void monitor(void);
118 static int print_getmsg(struct rt_msghdr *, int, struct sou *);
119 static const char *linkstate(struct if_msghdr *);
120 static sup readtag(sup, const char *);
121 static void addtag(sup, const char *, int);
122 #endif /* SMALL */
123 static int rtmsg(int, int, struct sou *);
124 static void mask_addr(struct sou *);
125 static void print_rtmsg(struct rt_msghdr *, int);
126 static void pmsg_common(struct rt_msghdr *);
127 static void pmsg_addrs(const char *, int);
128 static void bprintf(FILE *, int, const char *);
129 static void sodump(sup, const char *);
130 static void sockaddr(const char *, struct sockaddr *);
131 
132 int	pid, rtm_addrs;
133 int	sock;
134 int	forcehost, forcenet, doflush, nflag, af, qflag, tflag, Sflag;
135 int	iflag, verbose, aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in), rtag;
136 int	locking, lockrest, debugonly, shortoutput;
137 struct	rt_metrics rt_metrics;
138 int	rtm_inits;
139 short ns_nullh[] = {0,0,0};
140 short ns_bh[] = {-1,-1,-1};
141 
142 
143 void
144 usage(const char *cp)
145 {
146 
147 	if (cp)
148 		warnx("botched keyword: %s", cp);
149 	(void)fprintf(stderr,
150 	    "Usage: %s [ -fnqSsv ] cmd [[ -<qualifers> ] args ]\n",
151 	    getprogname());
152 	exit(1);
153 	/* NOTREACHED */
154 }
155 
156 #define	PRIETHER	"02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x"
157 #define	PRIETHER_ARGS(__enaddr)	(__enaddr)[0], (__enaddr)[1], (__enaddr)[2], \
158 				(__enaddr)[3], (__enaddr)[4], (__enaddr)[5]
159 
160 int
161 main(int argc, char * const *argv)
162 {
163 	int ch;
164 
165 	if (argc < 2)
166 		usage(NULL);
167 
168 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "dfnqSstv")) != -1)
169 		switch (ch) {
170 		case 'd':
171 			debugonly = 1;
172 			break;
173 		case 'f':
174 			doflush = 1;
175 			break;
176 		case 'n':
177 			nflag = 1;
178 			break;
179 		case 'q':
180 			qflag = 1;
181 			break;
182 		case 'S':
183 			Sflag = 1;
184 			break;
185 		case 's':
186 			shortoutput = 1;
187 			break;
188 		case 't':
189 			tflag = 1;
190 			break;
191 		case 'v':
192 			verbose = 1;
193 			break;
194 		case '?':
195 		default:
196 			usage(NULL);
197 			/*NOTREACHED*/
198 		}
199 	argc -= optind;
200 	argv += optind;
201 
202 	if (prog_init && prog_init() == -1)
203 		err(1, "init failed");
204 
205 	pid = prog_getpid();
206 	if (tflag)
207 		sock = prog_open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY, 0);
208 	else
209 		sock = prog_socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
210 	if (sock < 0)
211 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "socket");
212 
213 	if (*argv == NULL) {
214 		if (doflush)
215 			ch = K_FLUSH;
216 		else
217 			goto no_cmd;
218 	} else
219 		ch = keyword(*argv);
220 
221 	switch (ch) {
222 #ifndef SMALL
223 	case K_GET:
224 #endif /* SMALL */
225 	case K_CHANGE:
226 	case K_ADD:
227 	case K_DELETE:
228 		if (doflush)
229 			(void)flushroutes(1, argv, 0);
230 		return newroute(argc, argv);
231 
232 	case K_SHOW:
233 		show(argc, argv);
234 		return 0;
235 
236 #ifndef SMALL
237 	case K_MONITOR:
238 		monitor();
239 		return 0;
240 
241 #endif /* SMALL */
242 	case K_FLUSH:
243 		return flushroutes(argc, argv, 0);
244 
245 	case K_FLUSHALL:
246 		return flushroutes(argc, argv, 1);
247 	no_cmd:
248 	default:
249 		usage(*argv);
250 		/*NOTREACHED*/
251 	}
252 }
253 
254 /*
255  * Purge all entries in the routing tables not
256  * associated with network interfaces.
257  */
258 static int
259 flushroutes(int argc, char * const argv[], int doall)
260 {
261 	struct sockaddr *sa;
262 	size_t needed;
263 	int flags, mib[6], rlen, seqno;
264 	char *buf, *next, *lim;
265 	const char *afname;
266 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
267 
268 	flags = 0;
269 	af = AF_UNSPEC;
270 	/* Don't want to read back our messages */
271 	prog_shutdown(sock, SHUT_RD);
272 	parse_show_opts(argc, argv, &af, &flags, &afname, false);
273 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
274 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
275 	mib[2] = 0;		/* protocol */
276 	mib[3] = 0;		/* wildcard address family */
277 	mib[4] = NET_RT_DUMP;
278 	mib[5] = 0;		/* no flags */
279 	if (prog_sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
280 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "route-sysctl-estimate");
281 	buf = lim = NULL;
282 	if (needed) {
283 		if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
284 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "malloc");
285 		if (prog_sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
286 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "actual retrieval of routing table");
287 		lim = buf + needed;
288 	}
289 	if (verbose) {
290 		(void)printf("Examining routing table from sysctl\n");
291 		if (af != AF_UNSPEC)
292 			printf("(address family %s)\n", afname);
293 	}
294 	if (needed == 0)
295 		return 0;
296 	seqno = 0;		/* ??? */
297 	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
298 		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
299 		sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
300 		if (verbose)
301 			print_rtmsg(rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
302 		if ((rtm->rtm_flags & flags) != flags)
303 			continue;
304 		if (!(rtm->rtm_flags & (RTF_GATEWAY | RTF_STATIC |
305 					RTF_LLINFO)) && !doall)
306 			continue;
307 		if (af != AF_UNSPEC && sa->sa_family != af)
308 			continue;
309 		if (debugonly)
310 			continue;
311 		rtm->rtm_type = RTM_DELETE;
312 		rtm->rtm_seq = seqno;
313 		if ((rlen = prog_write(sock, next,
314 		    rtm->rtm_msglen)) < 0) {
315 			warnx("writing to routing socket: %s",
316 			    route_strerror(errno));
317 			return 1;
318 		}
319 		if (rlen < (int)rtm->rtm_msglen) {
320 			warnx("write to routing socket, got %d for rlen", rlen);
321 			return 1;
322 		}
323 		seqno++;
324 		if (qflag)
325 			continue;
326 		if (verbose)
327 			print_rtmsg(rtm, rlen);
328 		else {
329 			(void)printf("%-20.20s ",
330 			    routename(sa, NULL, rtm->rtm_flags));
331 			sa = (struct sockaddr *)(RT_ROUNDUP(sa->sa_len) +
332 			    (char *)sa);
333 			(void)printf("%-20.20s ",
334 			    routename(sa, NULL, RTF_HOST));
335 			(void)printf("done\n");
336 		}
337 	}
338 	free(buf);
339 	return 0;
340 }
341 
342 
343 static char hexlist[] = "0123456789abcdef";
344 
345 static char *
346 any_ntoa(const struct sockaddr *sa)
347 {
348 	static char obuf[3 * 256];
349 	const char *in;
350 	char *out;
351 	int len;
352 
353 #if __GNUC__ > 2
354 	len = sa->sa_len - offsetof(struct sockaddr, sa_data);
355 #else
356 	len = sa->sa_len - ((struct sockaddr*)&sa->sa_data - sa);
357 #endif
358 	in  = sa->sa_data;
359 	out = obuf;
360 
361 	do {
362 		*out++ = hexlist[(*in >> 4) & 15];
363 		*out++ = hexlist[(*in++)    & 15];
364 		*out++ = '.';
365 	} while (--len > 0);
366 	out[-1] = '\0';
367 	return obuf;
368 }
369 
370 int
371 netmask_length(struct sockaddr *nm, int family)
372 {
373 	static int
374 	    /* number of bits in a nibble */
375 	    _t[] = { 0,1,1,2,1,2,2,3,1,2,2,3,2,3,3,4 },
376 	    /* good nibbles are 1111, 1110, 1100, 1000, 0000 */
377 	    _g[] = { 1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,1 };
378 	int mask, good, zeroes, maskbytes, bit, i;
379 	unsigned char *maskdata;
380 
381 	if (nm == NULL)
382 		return 0;
383 
384 	mask = 0;
385 	good = 1;
386 	zeroes = 0;
387 
388 	switch (family) {
389 	case AF_INET: {
390 		struct sockaddr_in *nsin = (struct sockaddr_in *)nm;
391 		maskdata = (unsigned char *)&nsin->sin_addr;
392 		maskbytes = nsin->sin_len -
393 		    ((caddr_t)&nsin->sin_addr - (caddr_t)nsin);
394 		break;
395 	}
396 	case AF_INET6: {
397 		struct sockaddr_in6 *sin6 = (struct sockaddr_in6 *)nm;
398 		maskdata = (unsigned char *)&sin6->sin6_addr;
399 		maskbytes = sin6->sin6_len -
400 		    ((caddr_t)&sin6->sin6_addr - (caddr_t)sin6);
401 		break;
402 	}
403 	default:
404 		return 0;
405 	}
406 
407 	/*
408 	 * Count the bits in the nibbles of the mask, and marking the
409 	 * netmask as not good (or at best, non-standard and very
410 	 * discouraged, in the case of AF_INET) if we find either of
411 	 * a nibble with non-contiguous bits, or a non-zero nibble
412 	 * after we've found a zero nibble.
413 	 */
414 	for (i = 0; i < maskbytes; i++) {
415 		/* high nibble */
416 		mask += bit = _t[maskdata[i] >> 4];
417 		good &= _g[maskdata[i] >> 4];
418 		if (zeroes && bit)
419 			good = 0;
420 		if (bit == 0)
421 			zeroes = 1;
422 		/* low nibble */
423 		mask += bit = _t[maskdata[i] & 0xf];
424 		good &= _g[maskdata[i] & 0xf];
425 		if (zeroes && bit)
426 			good = 0;
427 		if (bit == 0)
428 			zeroes = 1;
429 	}
430 
431 	/*
432 	 * Always return the number of bits found, but as a negative
433 	 * if the mask wasn't one we like.
434 	 */
435 	return good ? mask : -mask;
436 }
437 
438 char *
439 netmask_string(const struct sockaddr *mask, int len, int family)
440 {
441 	static char smask[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];
442 	struct sockaddr_in nsin;
443 	struct sockaddr_in6 nsin6;
444 
445 	if (len >= 0)
446 		snprintf(smask, sizeof(smask), "%d", len);
447 	else {
448 		switch (family) {
449 		case AF_INET:
450 			memset(&nsin, 0, sizeof(nsin));
451 			memcpy(&nsin, mask, mask->sa_len);
452 			snprintf(smask, sizeof(smask), "%s",
453 			    inet_ntoa(nsin.sin_addr));
454 			break;
455 		case AF_INET6:
456 			memset(&nsin6, 0, sizeof(nsin6));
457 			memcpy(&nsin6, mask, mask->sa_len);
458 			inet_ntop(family, &nsin6.sin6_addr, smask,
459 			    sizeof(smask));
460 			break;
461 		default:
462 			snprintf(smask, sizeof(smask), "%s", any_ntoa(mask));
463 		}
464 	}
465 
466 	return smask;
467 }
468 
469 const char *
470 routename(const struct sockaddr *sa, struct sockaddr *nm, int flags)
471 {
472 	const char *cp;
473 	static char line[50];
474 	struct hostent *hp;
475 	static char domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
476 	static int first = 1;
477 	struct in_addr in;
478 	int nml;
479 
480 	if ((flags & RTF_HOST) == 0)
481 		return netname(sa, nm);
482 
483 	if (first) {
484 		first = 0;
485 		if (gethostname(domain, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) == 0 &&
486 		    (cp = strchr(domain, '.')))
487 			(void)strlcpy(domain, cp + 1, sizeof(domain));
488 		else
489 			domain[0] = 0;
490 	}
491 
492 	if (sa->sa_len == 0)
493 		strlcpy(line, "default", sizeof(line));
494 	else switch (sa->sa_family) {
495 
496 	case AF_INET:
497 		in = ((const struct sockaddr_in *)sa)->sin_addr;
498 		nml = netmask_length(nm, AF_INET);
499 
500 		cp = 0;
501 		if (in.s_addr == INADDR_ANY || sa->sa_len < 4) {
502 			if (nml == 0)
503 				cp = "default";
504 			else {
505 				static char notdefault[sizeof(NOTDEFSTRING)];
506 
507 				snprintf(notdefault, sizeof(notdefault),
508 				    "0.0.0.0/%s",
509 				    netmask_string(nm, nml, AF_INET));
510 				cp = notdefault;
511 			}
512 		}
513 		if (cp == 0 && !nflag) {
514 			hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&in, sizeof(struct in_addr),
515 				AF_INET);
516 			if (hp) {
517 				char *ccp;
518 				if ((ccp = strchr(hp->h_name, '.')) &&
519 				    !strcmp(ccp + 1, domain))
520 					*ccp = '\0';
521 				cp = hp->h_name;
522 			}
523 		}
524 		if (cp)
525 			(void)strlcpy(line, cp, sizeof(line));
526 		else
527 			(void)strlcpy(line, inet_ntoa(in), sizeof(line));
528 		break;
529 
530 	case AF_LINK:
531 		return link_ntoa((const struct sockaddr_dl *)sa);
532 
533 #ifdef INET6
534 	case AF_INET6:
535 	    {
536 		struct sockaddr_in6 sin6;
537 		int niflags;
538 		char nihost[NI_MAXHOST];
539 
540 		niflags = 0;
541 		if (nflag)
542 			niflags |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
543 		memset(&sin6, 0, sizeof(sin6));
544 		memcpy(&sin6, sa, sa->sa_len);
545 		sin6.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
546 		sin6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
547 #ifdef __KAME__
548 		if (sa->sa_len == sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6) &&
549 		    (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&sin6.sin6_addr) ||
550 		     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(&sin6.sin6_addr)) &&
551 		    sin6.sin6_scope_id == 0) {
552 			sin6.sin6_scope_id =
553 			    ntohs(*(u_int16_t *)&sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2]);
554 			sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] = 0;
555 			sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[3] = 0;
556 		}
557 #endif
558 		nml = netmask_length(nm, AF_INET6);
559 		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&sin6.sin6_addr)) {
560 			if (nml == 0)
561 				strlcpy(line, "::", sizeof(line));
562 			else
563 				/* noncontiguous never happens in ipv6 */
564 				snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "::/%d", nml);
565 		}
566 		else if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sin6, sin6.sin6_len,
567 		    nihost, sizeof(nihost), NULL, 0, niflags) != 0)
568 			strlcpy(line, "invalid", sizeof(line));
569 		else {
570 			char *ccp;
571 			if (!nflag && (ccp = strchr(nihost, '.')) &&
572 			    strcmp(ccp + 1, domain) == 0)
573 				*ccp = '\0';
574 			strlcpy(line, nihost, sizeof(line));
575 		}
576 		break;
577 	    }
578 #endif
579 
580 #ifndef SMALL
581 	case AF_ISO:
582 		(void)snprintf(line, sizeof line, "iso %s",
583 		    iso_ntoa(&((const struct sockaddr_iso *)sa)->siso_addr));
584 		break;
585 
586 	case AF_APPLETALK:
587 		(void)snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "atalk %d.%d",
588 		    ((const struct sockaddr_at *)sa)->sat_addr.s_net,
589 		    ((const struct sockaddr_at *)sa)->sat_addr.s_node);
590 		break;
591 	case AF_MPLS:
592 		{
593 		union mpls_shim ms;
594 		const union mpls_shim *pms;
595 		int psize = sizeof(struct sockaddr_mpls);
596 
597 		ms.s_addr =((const struct sockaddr_mpls*)sa)->smpls_addr.s_addr;
598 		ms.s_addr = ntohl(ms.s_addr);
599 
600 		snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%u", ms.shim.label);
601 		pms = &((const struct sockaddr_mpls*)sa)->smpls_addr;
602 		while(psize < sa->sa_len) {
603 			pms++;
604 			ms.s_addr = ntohl(pms->s_addr);
605 			snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%s %u", line,
606 			    ms.shim.label);
607 			psize += sizeof(ms);
608 		}
609 		break;
610 		}
611 #endif /* SMALL */
612 
613 	default:
614 		(void)snprintf(line, sizeof line, "(%d) %s",
615 			sa->sa_family, any_ntoa(sa));
616 		break;
617 
618 	}
619 	return line;
620 }
621 
622 /*
623  * Return the name of the network whose address is given.
624  * The address is assumed to be that of a net or subnet, not a host.
625  */
626 const char *
627 netname(const struct sockaddr *sa, struct sockaddr *nm)
628 {
629 	const char *cp = 0;
630 	static char line[50];
631 	struct netent *np = 0;
632 	u_int32_t net, mask;
633 	u_int32_t i;
634 	int subnetshift, nml;
635 	struct in_addr in;
636 
637 	switch (sa->sa_family) {
638 
639 	case AF_INET:
640 		in = ((const struct sockaddr_in *)sa)->sin_addr;
641 		i = ntohl(in.s_addr);
642 		nml = netmask_length(nm, AF_INET);
643 		if (i == 0) {
644 			if (nml == 0)
645 				cp = "default";
646 			else {
647 				static char notdefault[sizeof(NOTDEFSTRING)];
648 
649 				snprintf(notdefault, sizeof(notdefault),
650 				    "0.0.0.0/%s",
651 				    netmask_string(nm, nml, AF_INET));
652 				cp = notdefault;
653 			}
654 		}
655 		else if (!nflag) {
656 			if (IN_CLASSA(i)) {
657 				mask = IN_CLASSA_NET;
658 				subnetshift = 8;
659 			} else if (IN_CLASSB(i)) {
660 				mask = IN_CLASSB_NET;
661 				subnetshift = 8;
662 			} else {
663 				mask = IN_CLASSC_NET;
664 				subnetshift = 4;
665 			}
666 			/*
667 			 * If there are more bits than the standard mask
668 			 * would suggest, subnets must be in use.
669 			 * Guess at the subnet mask, assuming reasonable
670 			 * width subnet fields.
671 			 */
672 			while (i &~ mask)
673 				mask = (int32_t)mask >> subnetshift;
674 			net = i & mask;
675 			while ((mask & 1) == 0)
676 				mask >>= 1, net >>= 1;
677 			np = getnetbyaddr(net, AF_INET);
678 			if (np)
679 				cp = np->n_name;
680 		}
681 		if (cp)
682 			(void)strlcpy(line, cp, sizeof(line));
683 		else {
684 			if (nml == 0)
685 				strlcpy(line, inet_ntoa(in), sizeof(line));
686 			else if (nml < 0) {
687 				snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%s&%s",
688 				    inet_ntoa(in),
689 				    netmask_string(nm, nml, AF_INET));
690 			} else {
691 				snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%s/%d",
692 				    inet_ntoa(in), nml);
693 			}
694 		}
695 		break;
696 
697 	case AF_LINK:
698 		return link_ntoa((const struct sockaddr_dl *)sa);
699 
700 #ifdef INET6
701 	case AF_INET6:
702 	    {
703 		struct sockaddr_in6 sin6;
704 		int niflags;
705 
706 		niflags = 0;
707 		if (nflag)
708 			niflags |= NI_NUMERICHOST;
709 		memset(&sin6, 0, sizeof(sin6));
710 		memcpy(&sin6, sa, sa->sa_len);
711 		sin6.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
712 		sin6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
713 #ifdef __KAME__
714 		if (sa->sa_len == sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6) &&
715 		    (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&sin6.sin6_addr) ||
716 		     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(&sin6.sin6_addr)) &&
717 		    sin6.sin6_scope_id == 0) {
718 			sin6.sin6_scope_id =
719 			    ntohs(*(u_int16_t *)&sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2]);
720 			sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] = 0;
721 			sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[3] = 0;
722 		}
723 #endif
724 		nml = netmask_length(nm, AF_INET6);
725 		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&sin6.sin6_addr)) {
726 			if (nml == 0)
727 				strlcpy(line, "::", sizeof(line));
728 			else
729 				/* noncontiguous never happens in ipv6 */
730 				snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "::/%d", nml);
731 		}
732 		else if (getnameinfo((struct sockaddr *)&sin6, sin6.sin6_len,
733 		    line, sizeof(line), NULL, 0, niflags) != 0)
734 			strlcpy(line, "invalid", sizeof(line));
735 		break;
736 	    }
737 #endif
738 
739 #ifndef SMALL
740 	case AF_ISO:
741 		(void)snprintf(line, sizeof line, "iso %s",
742 		    iso_ntoa(&((const struct sockaddr_iso *)sa)->siso_addr));
743 		break;
744 
745 	case AF_APPLETALK:
746 		(void)snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "atalk %d.%d",
747 		    ((const struct sockaddr_at *)sa)->sat_addr.s_net,
748 		    ((const struct sockaddr_at *)sa)->sat_addr.s_node);
749 		break;
750 #endif /* SMALL */
751 
752 	default:
753 		(void)snprintf(line, sizeof line, "af %d: %s",
754 			sa->sa_family, any_ntoa(sa));
755 		break;
756 	}
757 	return line;
758 }
759 
760 static const char *
761 route_strerror(int error)
762 {
763 
764 	switch (error) {
765 	case ESRCH:
766 		return "not in table";
767 	case EBUSY:
768 		return "entry in use";
769 	case ENOBUFS:
770 		return "routing table overflow";
771 	default:
772 		return strerror(error);
773 	}
774 }
775 
776 static void
777 set_metric(const char *value, int key)
778 {
779 	int flag = 0;
780 	uint64_t noval, *valp = &noval;
781 
782 	switch (key) {
783 #define caseof(x, y, z) \
784 	case x: valp = (uint64_t *)&rt_metrics.z; flag = y; break
785 	caseof(K_MTU, RTV_MTU, rmx_mtu);
786 	caseof(K_HOPCOUNT, RTV_HOPCOUNT, rmx_hopcount);
787 	caseof(K_EXPIRE, RTV_EXPIRE, rmx_expire);
788 	caseof(K_RECVPIPE, RTV_RPIPE, rmx_recvpipe);
789 	caseof(K_SENDPIPE, RTV_SPIPE, rmx_sendpipe);
790 	caseof(K_SSTHRESH, RTV_SSTHRESH, rmx_ssthresh);
791 	caseof(K_RTT, RTV_RTT, rmx_rtt);
792 	caseof(K_RTTVAR, RTV_RTTVAR, rmx_rttvar);
793 	}
794 	rtm_inits |= flag;
795 	if (lockrest || locking)
796 		rt_metrics.rmx_locks |= flag;
797 	if (locking)
798 		locking = 0;
799 	*valp = strtoul(value, NULL, 0);
800 }
801 
802 static int
803 newroute(int argc, char *const *argv)
804 {
805 	const char *cmd, *dest = "", *gateway = "";
806 	int ishost = 0, ret, attempts, oerrno, flags = RTF_STATIC;
807 	int key;
808 	struct hostent *hp = 0;
809 	struct sou sou, *soup = &sou;
810 
811 	sou.so_dst = calloc(1, sizeof(union sockunion));
812 	sou.so_gate = calloc(1, sizeof(union sockunion));
813 	sou.so_mask = calloc(1, sizeof(union sockunion));
814 	sou.so_genmask = calloc(1, sizeof(union sockunion));
815 	sou.so_ifa = calloc(1, sizeof(union sockunion));
816 	sou.so_ifp = calloc(1, sizeof(union sockunion));
817 	sou.so_mpls = calloc(1, sizeof(union sockunion));
818 
819 	if (sou.so_dst == NULL || sou.so_gate == NULL || sou.so_mask == NULL ||
820 	    sou.so_genmask == NULL || sou.so_ifa == NULL || sou.so_ifp == NULL ||
821 	    sou.so_mpls == NULL)
822 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Cannot allocate memory");
823 
824 	cmd = argv[0];
825 	af = AF_UNSPEC;
826 	if (*cmd != 'g') {
827 		/* Don't want to read back our messages */
828 		prog_shutdown(sock, SHUT_RD);
829 	}
830 	while (--argc > 0) {
831 		if (**(++argv)== '-') {
832 			switch (key = keyword(1 + *argv)) {
833 
834 			case K_SA:
835 				af = PF_ROUTE;
836 				aflen = sizeof(union sockunion);
837 				break;
838 
839 #ifndef SMALL
840 			case K_ATALK:
841 				af = AF_APPLETALK;
842 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_at);
843 				break;
844 #endif
845 
846 			case K_INET:
847 				af = AF_INET;
848 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
849 				break;
850 
851 #ifdef INET6
852 			case K_INET6:
853 				af = AF_INET6;
854 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
855 				break;
856 #endif
857 
858 			case K_LINK:
859 				af = AF_LINK;
860 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
861 				break;
862 
863 #ifndef SMALL
864 			case K_OSI:
865 			case K_ISO:
866 				af = AF_ISO;
867 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_iso);
868 				break;
869 			case K_MPLS:
870 				af = AF_MPLS;
871 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_mpls);
872 				break;
873 			case K_TAG:
874 				if (!--argc)
875 					usage(1+*argv);
876 				af = AF_MPLS;
877 				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_mpls);
878 				(void)getaddr(RTA_TAG, *++argv, 0, soup);
879 				break;
880 #endif /* SMALL */
881 
882 			case K_IFACE:
883 			case K_INTERFACE:
884 				iflag++;
885 				break;
886 			case K_NOSTATIC:
887 				flags &= ~RTF_STATIC;
888 				break;
889 			case K_LLINFO:
890 				flags |= RTF_LLINFO;
891 				break;
892 			case K_LOCK:
893 				locking = 1;
894 				break;
895 			case K_LOCKREST:
896 				lockrest = 1;
897 				break;
898 			case K_HOST:
899 				forcehost++;
900 				break;
901 			case K_REJECT:
902 				flags |= RTF_REJECT;
903 				break;
904 			case K_NOREJECT:
905 				flags &= ~RTF_REJECT;
906 				break;
907 			case K_BLACKHOLE:
908 				flags |= RTF_BLACKHOLE;
909 				break;
910 			case K_NOBLACKHOLE:
911 				flags &= ~RTF_BLACKHOLE;
912 				break;
913 			case K_CLONED:
914 				flags |= RTF_CLONED;
915 				break;
916 			case K_NOCLONED:
917 				flags &= ~RTF_CLONED;
918 				break;
919 			case K_PROTO1:
920 				flags |= RTF_PROTO1;
921 				break;
922 			case K_PROTO2:
923 				flags |= RTF_PROTO2;
924 				break;
925 			case K_CLONING:
926 				flags |= RTF_CLONING;
927 				break;
928 			case K_NOCLONING:
929 				flags &= ~RTF_CLONING;
930 				break;
931 			case K_XRESOLVE:
932 				flags |= RTF_XRESOLVE;
933 				break;
934 			case K_STATIC:
935 				flags |= RTF_STATIC;
936 				break;
937 			case K_IFA:
938 				if (!--argc)
939 					usage(1+*argv);
940 				(void)getaddr(RTA_IFA, *++argv, 0, soup);
941 				break;
942 			case K_IFP:
943 				if (!--argc)
944 					usage(1+*argv);
945 				(void)getaddr(RTA_IFP, *++argv, 0, soup);
946 				break;
947 			case K_GENMASK:
948 				if (!--argc)
949 					usage(1+*argv);
950 				(void)getaddr(RTA_GENMASK, *++argv, 0, soup);
951 				break;
952 			case K_GATEWAY:
953 				if (!--argc)
954 					usage(1+*argv);
955 				(void)getaddr(RTA_GATEWAY, *++argv, 0, soup);
956 				break;
957 			case K_DST:
958 				if (!--argc)
959 					usage(1+*argv);
960 				ishost = getaddr(RTA_DST, *++argv, &hp, soup);
961 				dest = *argv;
962 				break;
963 			case K_NETMASK:
964 				if (!--argc)
965 					usage(1+*argv);
966 				(void)getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, *++argv, 0, soup);
967 				/* FALLTHROUGH */
968 			case K_NET:
969 				forcenet++;
970 				break;
971 			case K_PREFIXLEN:
972 				if (!--argc)
973 					usage(1+*argv);
974 				ishost = prefixlen(*++argv, soup);
975 				break;
976 			case K_MTU:
977 			case K_HOPCOUNT:
978 			case K_EXPIRE:
979 			case K_RECVPIPE:
980 			case K_SENDPIPE:
981 			case K_SSTHRESH:
982 			case K_RTT:
983 			case K_RTTVAR:
984 				if (!--argc)
985 					usage(1+*argv);
986 				set_metric(*++argv, key);
987 				break;
988 			default:
989 				usage(1+*argv);
990 			}
991 		} else {
992 			if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_DST) == 0) {
993 				dest = *argv;
994 				ishost = getaddr(RTA_DST, *argv, &hp, soup);
995 			} else if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_GATEWAY) == 0) {
996 				gateway = *argv;
997 				(void)getaddr(RTA_GATEWAY, *argv, &hp, soup);
998 			} else {
999 				ret = atoi(*argv);
1000 
1001 				if (ret == 0) {
1002 				    if (strcmp(*argv, "0") == 0) {
1003 					if (!qflag)  {
1004 					    warnx("%s, %s",
1005 						"old usage of trailing 0",
1006 						"assuming route to if");
1007 					}
1008 				    } else
1009 					usage(NULL);
1010 				    iflag = 1;
1011 				    continue;
1012 				} else if (ret > 0 && ret < 10) {
1013 				    if (!qflag) {
1014 					warnx("%s, %s",
1015 					    "old usage of trailing digit",
1016 					    "assuming route via gateway");
1017 				    }
1018 				    iflag = 0;
1019 				    continue;
1020 				}
1021 				(void)getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, *argv, 0, soup);
1022 			}
1023 		}
1024 	}
1025 	if (forcehost && forcenet)
1026 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "-host and -net conflict");
1027 	else if (forcehost)
1028 		ishost = 1;
1029 	else if (forcenet)
1030 		ishost = 0;
1031 	flags |= RTF_UP;
1032 	if (ishost)
1033 		flags |= RTF_HOST;
1034 	if (iflag == 0)
1035 		flags |= RTF_GATEWAY;
1036 	for (attempts = 1; ; attempts++) {
1037 		errno = 0;
1038 		if ((ret = rtmsg(*cmd, flags, soup)) == 0)
1039 			break;
1040 		if (errno != ENETUNREACH && errno != ESRCH)
1041 			break;
1042 		if (af == AF_INET && *gateway && hp && hp->h_addr_list[1]) {
1043 			hp->h_addr_list++;
1044 			memmove(&soup->so_gate->sin.sin_addr, hp->h_addr_list[0],
1045 			    hp->h_length);
1046 		} else
1047 			break;
1048 	}
1049 	if (*cmd == 'g')
1050 		return ret != 0;
1051 	if (!qflag) {
1052 		oerrno = errno;
1053 		(void)printf("%s %s %s", cmd, ishost? "host" : "net", dest);
1054 		if (*gateway) {
1055 			(void)printf(": gateway %s", gateway);
1056 			if (attempts > 1 && ret == 0 && af == AF_INET)
1057 			    (void)printf(" (%s)",
1058 			        inet_ntoa(soup->so_gate->sin.sin_addr));
1059 		}
1060 		if (ret == 0)
1061 			(void)printf("\n");
1062 		else
1063 			(void)printf(": %s\n", route_strerror(oerrno));
1064 	}
1065 	free(sou.so_dst);
1066 	free(sou.so_gate);
1067 	free(sou.so_mask);
1068 	free(sou.so_genmask);
1069 	free(sou.so_ifa);
1070 	free(sou.so_ifp);
1071 	free(sou.so_mpls);
1072 
1073 	return ret != 0;
1074 }
1075 
1076 static void
1077 inet_makenetandmask(const u_int32_t net, struct sockaddr_in * const isin,
1078     struct sou *soup)
1079 {
1080 	struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1081 	u_int32_t addr, mask = 0;
1082 	char *cp;
1083 
1084 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1085 	if (net == 0)
1086 		mask = addr = 0;
1087 	else if (net < 128) {
1088 		addr = net << IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT;
1089 		mask = IN_CLASSA_NET;
1090 	} else if (net < 192) {
1091 		addr = net << IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT;
1092 		mask = IN_CLASSB_NET;
1093 	} else if (net < 224) {
1094 		addr = net << IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT;
1095 		mask = IN_CLASSC_NET;
1096 	} else if (net < 256) {
1097 		addr = net << IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT;
1098 		mask = IN_CLASSD_NET;
1099 	} else if (net < 49152) { /* 192 * 256 */
1100 		addr = net << IN_CLASSB_NSHIFT;
1101 		mask = IN_CLASSB_NET;
1102 	} else if (net < 57344) { /* 224 * 256 */
1103 		addr = net << IN_CLASSB_NSHIFT;
1104 		mask = IN_CLASSC_NET;
1105 	} else if (net < 65536) {
1106 		addr = net << IN_CLASSB_NSHIFT;
1107 		mask = IN_CLASSB_NET;
1108 	} else if (net < 14680064L) { /* 224 * 65536 */
1109 		addr = net << IN_CLASSC_NSHIFT;
1110 		mask = IN_CLASSC_NET;
1111 	} else if (net < 16777216L) {
1112 		addr = net << IN_CLASSC_NSHIFT;
1113 		mask = IN_CLASSD_NET;
1114 	} else {
1115 		addr = net;
1116 		if ((addr & IN_CLASSA_HOST) == 0)
1117 			mask =  IN_CLASSA_NET;
1118 		else if ((addr & IN_CLASSB_HOST) == 0)
1119 			mask =  IN_CLASSB_NET;
1120 		else if ((addr & IN_CLASSC_HOST) == 0)
1121 			mask =  IN_CLASSC_NET;
1122 		else
1123 			mask = -1;
1124 	}
1125 	isin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(addr);
1126 	sin = &soup->so_mask->sin;
1127 	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(mask);
1128 	sin->sin_len = 0;
1129 	sin->sin_family = 0;
1130 	cp = (char *)(&sin->sin_addr + 1);
1131 	while (*--cp == 0 && cp > (char *)sin)
1132 		;
1133 	sin->sin_len = 1 + cp - (char *)sin;
1134 	sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1135 }
1136 
1137 #ifdef INET6
1138 /*
1139  * XXX the function may need more improvement...
1140  */
1141 static int
1142 inet6_makenetandmask(const struct sockaddr_in6 * const sin6, struct sou *soup)
1143 {
1144 	const char *plen;
1145 	struct in6_addr in6;
1146 
1147 	plen = NULL;
1148 	if (IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&sin6->sin6_addr) &&
1149 	    sin6->sin6_scope_id == 0) {
1150 		plen = "0";
1151 	} else if ((sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[0] & 0xe0) == 0x20) {
1152 		/* aggregatable global unicast - RFC2374 */
1153 		memset(&in6, 0, sizeof(in6));
1154 		if (!memcmp(&sin6->sin6_addr.s6_addr[8], &in6.s6_addr[8], 8))
1155 			plen = "64";
1156 	}
1157 
1158 	if (!plen || strcmp(plen, "128") == 0)
1159 		return 1;
1160 	else {
1161 		rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1162 		(void)prefixlen(plen, soup);
1163 		return 0;
1164 	}
1165 }
1166 #endif
1167 
1168 /*
1169  * Interpret an argument as a network address of some kind,
1170  * returning 1 if a host address, 0 if a network address.
1171  */
1172 static int
1173 getaddr(int which, const char *s, struct hostent **hpp, struct sou *soup)
1174 {
1175 	sup su;
1176 	struct hostent *hp;
1177 	struct netent *np;
1178 	u_int32_t val;
1179 	char *t;
1180 	int afamily;  /* local copy of af so we can change it */
1181 
1182 	if (af == AF_UNSPEC) {
1183 		af = AF_INET;
1184 		aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1185 	}
1186 	afamily = af;
1187 	rtm_addrs |= which;
1188 	switch (which) {
1189 	case RTA_DST:
1190 		su = soup->so_dst;
1191 		break;
1192 	case RTA_GATEWAY:
1193 		su = soup->so_gate;
1194 		break;
1195 	case RTA_NETMASK:
1196 		su = soup->so_mask;
1197 		break;
1198 	case RTA_GENMASK:
1199 		su = soup->so_genmask;
1200 		break;
1201 	case RTA_IFP:
1202 		su = soup->so_ifp;
1203 		afamily = AF_LINK;
1204 		break;
1205 	case RTA_IFA:
1206 		su = soup->so_ifa;
1207 		su->sa.sa_family = af;
1208 		break;
1209 #ifndef SMALL
1210 	case RTA_TAG:
1211 		su = soup->so_mpls;
1212 		afamily = AF_MPLS;
1213 		break;
1214 #endif
1215 	default:
1216 		su = NULL;
1217 		usage("Internal Error");
1218 		/*NOTREACHED*/
1219 	}
1220 	su->sa.sa_len = aflen;
1221 	su->sa.sa_family = afamily; /* cases that don't want it have left already */
1222 	if (strcmp(s, "default") == 0) {
1223 		switch (which) {
1224 		case RTA_DST:
1225 			forcenet++;
1226 			(void)getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, s, 0, soup);
1227 			break;
1228 		case RTA_NETMASK:
1229 		case RTA_GENMASK:
1230 			su->sa.sa_len = 0;
1231 		}
1232 		return 0;
1233 	}
1234 	switch (afamily) {
1235 #ifdef INET6
1236 	case AF_INET6:
1237 	    {
1238 		struct addrinfo hints, *res;
1239 		char *slash = 0;
1240 
1241 		if (which == RTA_DST && (slash = (strrchr(s, '/'))) != 0)
1242 			*slash = '\0';
1243 		memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
1244 		hints.ai_family = afamily;	/*AF_INET6*/
1245 		hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
1246 		hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_DGRAM;		/*dummy*/
1247 		if (getaddrinfo(s, "0", &hints, &res) != 0) {
1248 			hints.ai_flags = 0;
1249 			if (slash) {
1250 				*slash = '/';
1251 				slash = 0;
1252 			}
1253 			if (getaddrinfo(s, "0", &hints, &res) != 0)
1254 				errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: bad value", s);
1255 		}
1256 		if (slash)
1257 			*slash = '/';
1258 		if (sizeof(su->sin6) != res->ai_addrlen)
1259 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: bad value", s);
1260 		if (res->ai_next) {
1261 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE,
1262 			    "%s: address resolved to multiple values", s);
1263 		}
1264 		memcpy(&su->sin6, res->ai_addr, sizeof(su->sin6));
1265 		freeaddrinfo(res);
1266 #ifdef __KAME__
1267 		if ((IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&su->sin6.sin6_addr) ||
1268 		     IN6_IS_ADDR_MC_LINKLOCAL(&su->sin6.sin6_addr)) &&
1269 		    su->sin6.sin6_scope_id) {
1270 			*(u_int16_t *)&su->sin6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] =
1271 				htons(su->sin6.sin6_scope_id);
1272 			su->sin6.sin6_scope_id = 0;
1273 		}
1274 #endif
1275 		if (hints.ai_flags == AI_NUMERICHOST) {
1276 			if (slash)
1277 				return prefixlen(slash + 1, soup);
1278 			if (which == RTA_DST)
1279 				return inet6_makenetandmask(&su->sin6, soup);
1280 			return 0;
1281 		} else
1282 			return 1;
1283 	    }
1284 #endif
1285 
1286 #ifndef SMALL
1287 	case AF_OSI:
1288 		su->siso.siso_addr = *iso_addr(s);
1289 		if (which == RTA_NETMASK || which == RTA_GENMASK) {
1290 			const char *cp = TSEL(&su->siso);
1291 			su->siso.siso_nlen = 0;
1292 			do {--cp ;} while ((cp > (char *)su) && (*cp == 0));
1293 			su->siso.siso_len = 1 + cp - (char *)su;
1294 		}
1295 		return 1;
1296 #endif /* SMALL */
1297 
1298 	case PF_ROUTE:
1299 		su->sa.sa_len = sizeof(*su);
1300 		sockaddr(s, &su->sa);
1301 		return 1;
1302 
1303 #ifndef SMALL
1304 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1305 		t = strchr (s, '.');
1306 		if (!t) {
1307 badataddr:
1308 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "bad address: %s", s);
1309 		}
1310 		val = atoi (s);
1311 		if (val > 65535)
1312 			goto badataddr;
1313 		su->sat.sat_addr.s_net = val;
1314 		val = atoi (t);
1315 		if (val > 256)
1316 			goto badataddr;
1317 		su->sat.sat_addr.s_node = val;
1318 		rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1319 		return(forcehost || su->sat.sat_addr.s_node != 0);
1320 	case AF_MPLS:
1321 		if (which == RTA_DST)
1322 			soup->so_dst = readtag(su, s);
1323 		else if (which == RTA_TAG)
1324 			soup->so_mpls = readtag(su, s);
1325 		else
1326 			errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "MPLS can be used only as "
1327 			    "DST or TAG");
1328 		return 1;
1329 #endif
1330 
1331 	case AF_LINK:
1332 		link_addr(s, &su->sdl);
1333 		return 1;
1334 
1335 	case AF_INET:
1336 	default:
1337 		break;
1338 	}
1339 
1340 	if (hpp == NULL)
1341 		hpp = &hp;
1342 	*hpp = NULL;
1343 
1344 	if ((t = strchr(s, '/')) != NULL && which == RTA_DST) {
1345 		*t = '\0';
1346 		if (forcenet == 0) {
1347 			if ((val = inet_addr(s)) != INADDR_NONE) {
1348 				inet_makenetandmask(htonl(val), &su->sin, soup);
1349 				return prefixlen(&t[1], soup);
1350 			}
1351 		} else {
1352 			if ((val = inet_network(s)) != INADDR_NONE) {
1353 				inet_makenetandmask(val, &su->sin, soup);
1354 				return prefixlen(&t[1], soup);
1355 			}
1356 		}
1357 		*t = '/';
1358 	}
1359 	if (inet_aton(s, &su->sin.sin_addr) &&
1360 	    (which != RTA_DST || forcenet == 0)) {
1361 		val = su->sin.sin_addr.s_addr;
1362 		if (inet_lnaof(su->sin.sin_addr) != INADDR_ANY)
1363 			return 1;
1364 		else {
1365 			val = ntohl(val);
1366 			goto netdone;
1367 		}
1368 	}
1369 	if ((val = inet_network(s)) != INADDR_NONE ||
1370 	    ((np = getnetbyname(s)) != NULL && (val = np->n_net) != 0)) {
1371 netdone:
1372 		if (which == RTA_DST)
1373 			inet_makenetandmask(val, &su->sin, soup);
1374 		return 0;
1375 	}
1376 	hp = gethostbyname(s);
1377 	if (hp) {
1378 		*hpp = hp;
1379 		su->sin.sin_family = hp->h_addrtype;
1380 		memmove(&su->sin.sin_addr, hp->h_addr, hp->h_length);
1381 		return 1;
1382 	}
1383 	errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: bad value", s);
1384 	/*NOTREACHED*/
1385 }
1386 
1387 #ifndef SMALL
1388 static sup
1389 readtag(sup su, const char *s)
1390 {
1391 	char *p, *n, *norig;
1392 	int mplssize = 0;
1393 	sup retsu = su;
1394 
1395 	n = (char*)malloc(strlen(s) + 1);
1396 	if (n == NULL)
1397 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: Cannot allocate memory", s);
1398 	norig = n;
1399 	strlcpy(n, s, strlen(s) + 1);
1400 	for (uint i = 0; i < strlen(n); i++)
1401 		if(n[i] == ',')
1402 			mplssize++;
1403 
1404 #define MPLS_NEW_SIZE (sizeof(struct sockaddr_mpls) + \
1405     mplssize * sizeof(union mpls_shim))
1406 
1407 	if (mplssize != 0 && sizeof(union sockunion) < MPLS_NEW_SIZE) {
1408 		free(su);
1409 		retsu = malloc(MPLS_NEW_SIZE);
1410 		retsu->smpls.smpls_family = AF_MPLS;
1411 	}
1412 	retsu->smpls.smpls_len = MPLS_NEW_SIZE;
1413 	mplssize = 0;
1414 	while ((p = strchr(n, ',')) != NULL) {
1415 		p[0] = '\0';
1416 		addtag(retsu, n, mplssize);
1417 		n = p + 1;
1418 		mplssize++;
1419 	}
1420 	addtag(retsu, n, mplssize);
1421 
1422 	free(norig);
1423 	return retsu;
1424 }
1425 
1426 static void
1427 addtag(sup su, const char *s, int where)
1428 {
1429 	union mpls_shim *ms = &su->smpls.smpls_addr;
1430 
1431 	if (atoi(s) < 0 || atoi(s) >= (1 << 20))
1432 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: Bad tag", s);
1433 	ms[where].s_addr = 0;
1434 	ms[where].shim.label = atoi(s);
1435 	ms[where].s_addr = htonl(ms[where].s_addr);
1436 }
1437 #endif	/* SMALL */
1438 
1439 int
1440 prefixlen(const char *s, struct sou *soup)
1441 {
1442 	int len = atoi(s), q, r;
1443 	int max;
1444 
1445 	switch (af) {
1446 	case AF_INET:
1447 		max = sizeof(struct in_addr) * 8;
1448 		break;
1449 #ifdef INET6
1450 	case AF_INET6:
1451 		max = sizeof(struct in6_addr) * 8;
1452 		break;
1453 #endif
1454 	default:
1455 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "prefixlen is not supported with af %d", af);
1456 		/*NOTREACHED*/
1457 	}
1458 
1459 	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
1460 	if (len < -1 || len > max)
1461 		errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "%s: bad value", s);
1462 
1463 	q = len >> 3;
1464 	r = len & 7;
1465 	switch (af) {
1466 	case AF_INET:
1467 		memset(soup->so_mask, 0, sizeof(*soup->so_mask));
1468 		soup->so_mask->sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
1469 		soup->so_mask->sin.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1470 		soup->so_mask->sin.sin_addr.s_addr = (len == 0 ? 0
1471 				: htonl(0xffffffff << (32 - len)));
1472 		break;
1473 #ifdef INET6
1474 	case AF_INET6:
1475 		soup->so_mask->sin6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
1476 		soup->so_mask->sin6.sin6_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6);
1477 		memset(&soup->so_mask->sin6.sin6_addr, 0,
1478 			sizeof(soup->so_mask->sin6.sin6_addr));
1479 		if (q > 0)
1480 			memset(&soup->so_mask->sin6.sin6_addr, 0xff, q);
1481 		if (r > 0)
1482 			*((u_char *)&soup->so_mask->sin6.sin6_addr + q) =
1483 			    (0xff00 >> r) & 0xff;
1484 		break;
1485 #endif
1486 	}
1487 	return len == max;
1488 }
1489 
1490 #ifndef SMALL
1491 static void
1492 interfaces(void)
1493 {
1494 	size_t needed;
1495 	int mib[6];
1496 	char *buf, *lim, *next;
1497 	struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
1498 
1499 	mib[0] = CTL_NET;
1500 	mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
1501 	mib[2] = 0;		/* protocol */
1502 	mib[3] = 0;		/* wildcard address family */
1503 	mib[4] = NET_RT_IFLIST;
1504 	mib[5] = 0;		/* no flags */
1505 	if (prog_sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0)
1506 		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "route-sysctl-estimate");
1507 	if (needed) {
1508 		if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == NULL)
1509 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "malloc");
1510 		if (prog_sysctl(mib, 6, buf, &needed, NULL, 0) < 0) {
1511 			err(EXIT_FAILURE,
1512 			    "actual retrieval of interface table");
1513 		}
1514 		lim = buf + needed;
1515 		for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
1516 			rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
1517 			print_rtmsg(rtm, rtm->rtm_msglen);
1518 		}
1519 		free(buf);
1520 	}
1521 }
1522 
1523 static void
1524 monitor(void)
1525 {
1526 	int n;
1527 	union {
1528 		char msg[2048];
1529 		struct rt_msghdr hdr;
1530 	} u;
1531 
1532 	verbose = 1;
1533 	if (debugonly) {
1534 		interfaces();
1535 		exit(0);
1536 	}
1537 	for(;;) {
1538 		time_t now;
1539 		n = prog_read(sock, &u, sizeof(u));
1540 		now = time(NULL);
1541 		(void)printf("got message of size %d on %s", n, ctime(&now));
1542 		print_rtmsg(&u.hdr, n);
1543 	}
1544 }
1545 
1546 #endif /* SMALL */
1547 
1548 
1549 struct {
1550 	struct	rt_msghdr m_rtm;
1551 	char	m_space[512];
1552 } m_rtmsg;
1553 
1554 static int
1555 rtmsg(int cmd, int flags, struct sou *soup)
1556 {
1557 	static int seq;
1558 	int rlen;
1559 	char *cp = m_rtmsg.m_space;
1560 	int l;
1561 
1562 #define NEXTADDR(w, u) \
1563 	if (rtm_addrs & (w)) {\
1564 	    l = RT_ROUNDUP(u->sa.sa_len); memmove(cp, u, l); cp += l;\
1565 	    if (verbose && ! shortoutput) sodump(u,#u);\
1566 	}
1567 
1568 	errno = 0;
1569 	memset(&m_rtmsg, 0, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
1570 	if (cmd == 'a')
1571 		cmd = RTM_ADD;
1572 	else if (cmd == 'c')
1573 		cmd = RTM_CHANGE;
1574 	else if (cmd == 'g') {
1575 #ifdef	SMALL
1576 		return -1;
1577 #else	/* SMALL */
1578 		cmd = RTM_GET;
1579 		if (soup->so_ifp->sa.sa_family == AF_UNSPEC) {
1580 			soup->so_ifp->sa.sa_family = AF_LINK;
1581 			soup->so_ifp->sa.sa_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
1582 			rtm_addrs |= RTA_IFP;
1583 		}
1584 #endif	/* SMALL */
1585 	} else
1586 		cmd = RTM_DELETE;
1587 #define rtm m_rtmsg.m_rtm
1588 	rtm.rtm_type = cmd;
1589 	rtm.rtm_flags = flags;
1590 	rtm.rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
1591 	rtm.rtm_seq = ++seq;
1592 	rtm.rtm_addrs = rtm_addrs;
1593 	rtm.rtm_rmx = rt_metrics;
1594 	rtm.rtm_inits = rtm_inits;
1595 
1596 	if (rtm_addrs & RTA_NETMASK)
1597 		mask_addr(soup);
1598 	NEXTADDR(RTA_DST, soup->so_dst);
1599 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GATEWAY, soup->so_gate);
1600 	NEXTADDR(RTA_NETMASK, soup->so_mask);
1601 	NEXTADDR(RTA_GENMASK, soup->so_genmask);
1602 	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFP, soup->so_ifp);
1603 	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFA, soup->so_ifa);
1604 #ifndef SMALL
1605 	NEXTADDR(RTA_TAG, soup->so_mpls);
1606 #endif
1607 	rtm.rtm_msglen = l = cp - (char *)&m_rtmsg;
1608 	if (verbose && ! shortoutput) {
1609 		if (rtm_addrs)
1610 			putchar('\n');
1611 		print_rtmsg(&rtm, l);
1612 	}
1613 	if (debugonly)
1614 		return 0;
1615 	if ((rlen = prog_write(sock, (char *)&m_rtmsg, l)) < 0) {
1616 		warnx("writing to routing socket: %s", route_strerror(errno));
1617 		return -1;
1618 	}
1619 	if (rlen < l) {
1620 		warnx("write to routing socket, got %d for rlen", rlen);
1621 		return 1;
1622 	}
1623 #ifndef	SMALL
1624 	if (cmd == RTM_GET) {
1625 		do {
1626 			l = prog_read(sock,
1627 			    (char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
1628 		} while (l > 0 && (rtm.rtm_seq != seq || rtm.rtm_pid != pid));
1629 		if (l < 0)
1630 			err(EXIT_FAILURE, "read from routing socket");
1631 		else
1632 			return print_getmsg(&rtm, l, soup);
1633 	}
1634 #endif	/* SMALL */
1635 #undef rtm
1636 	return 0;
1637 }
1638 
1639 static void
1640 mask_addr(struct sou *soup)
1641 {
1642 	int olen = soup->so_mask->sa.sa_len;
1643 	char *cp1 = olen + (char *)&soup->so_mask, *cp2;
1644 
1645 	for (soup->so_mask->sa.sa_len = 0; cp1 > (char *)&soup->so_mask; )
1646 		if (*--cp1 != 0) {
1647 			soup->so_mask->sa.sa_len = 1 + cp1 - (char *)&soup->so_mask;
1648 			break;
1649 		}
1650 	if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_DST) == 0)
1651 		return;
1652 	switch (soup->so_dst->sa.sa_family) {
1653 	case AF_INET:
1654 #ifdef INET6
1655 	case AF_INET6:
1656 #endif
1657 #ifndef SMALL
1658 	case AF_APPLETALK:
1659 #endif /* SMALL */
1660 	case 0:
1661 		return;
1662 #ifndef SMALL
1663 	case AF_ISO:
1664 		olen = MIN(soup->so_dst->siso.siso_nlen,
1665 			   MAX(soup->so_mask->sa.sa_len - 6, 0));
1666 		break;
1667 #endif /* SMALL */
1668 	}
1669 	cp1 = soup->so_mask->sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&soup->so_dst;
1670 	cp2 = soup->so_dst->sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&soup->so_dst;
1671 	while (cp2 > cp1)
1672 		*--cp2 = 0;
1673 	cp2 = soup->so_mask->sa.sa_len + 1 + (char *)&soup->so_mask;
1674 	while (cp1 > soup->so_dst->sa.sa_data)
1675 		*--cp1 &= *--cp2;
1676 #ifndef SMALL
1677 	switch (soup->so_dst->sa.sa_family) {
1678 	case AF_ISO:
1679 		soup->so_dst->siso.siso_nlen = olen;
1680 		break;
1681 	}
1682 #endif /* SMALL */
1683 }
1684 
1685 const char * const msgtypes[] = {
1686 	[RTM_ADD] = "RTM_ADD: Add Route",
1687 	[RTM_DELETE] = "RTM_DELETE: Delete Route",
1688 	[RTM_CHANGE] = "RTM_CHANGE: Change Metrics or flags",
1689 	[RTM_GET] = "RTM_GET: Report Metrics",
1690 	[RTM_LOSING] = "RTM_LOSING: Kernel Suspects Partitioning",
1691 	[RTM_REDIRECT] = "RTM_REDIRECT: Told to use different route",
1692 	[RTM_MISS] = "RTM_MISS: Lookup failed on this address",
1693 	[RTM_LOCK] = "RTM_LOCK: fix specified metrics",
1694 	[RTM_OLDADD] = "RTM_OLDADD: caused by SIOCADDRT",
1695 	[RTM_OLDDEL] = "RTM_OLDDEL: caused by SIOCDELRT",
1696 	[RTM_RESOLVE] = "RTM_RESOLVE: Route created by cloning",
1697 	[RTM_NEWADDR] = "RTM_NEWADDR: address being added to iface",
1698 	[RTM_DELADDR] = "RTM_DELADDR: address being removed from iface",
1699 	[RTM_OOIFINFO] = "RTM_OOIFINFO: iface status change (pre-1.5)",
1700 	[RTM_OIFINFO] = "RTM_OIFINFO: iface status change (pre-64bit time)",
1701 	[RTM_IFANNOUNCE] = "RTM_IFANNOUNCE: iface arrival/departure",
1702 	[RTM_IEEE80211] = "RTM_IEEE80211: IEEE80211 wireless event",
1703 	[RTM_IFINFO] = "RTM_IFINFO: iface status change",
1704 	[RTM_CHGADDR] = "RTM_CHGADDR: address being changed on iface",
1705 };
1706 
1707 const char metricnames[] =
1708 "\011pksent\010rttvar\7rtt\6ssthresh\5sendpipe\4recvpipe\3expire\2hopcount\1mtu";
1709 const char routeflags[] =
1710 "\1UP\2GATEWAY\3HOST\4REJECT\5DYNAMIC\6MODIFIED\7DONE\010MASK_PRESENT\011CLONING\012XRESOLVE\013LLINFO\014STATIC\015BLACKHOLE\016CLONED\017PROTO2\020PROTO1";
1711 const char ifnetflags[] =
1712 "\1UP\2BROADCAST\3DEBUG\4LOOPBACK\5PTP\6NOTRAILERS\7RUNNING\010NOARP\011PPROMISC\012ALLMULTI\013OACTIVE\014SIMPLEX\015LINK0\016LINK1\017LINK2\020MULTICAST";
1713 const char addrnames[] =
1714 "\1DST\2GATEWAY\3NETMASK\4GENMASK\5IFP\6IFA\7AUTHOR\010BRD\011TAG";
1715 
1716 
1717 #ifndef SMALL
1718 static const char *
1719 linkstate(struct if_msghdr *ifm)
1720 {
1721 	static char buf[64];
1722 
1723 	switch (ifm->ifm_data.ifi_link_state) {
1724 	case LINK_STATE_UNKNOWN:
1725 		return "carrier: unknown";
1726 	case LINK_STATE_DOWN:
1727 		return "carrier: no carrier";
1728 	case LINK_STATE_UP:
1729 		return "carrier: active";
1730 	default:
1731 		(void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "carrier: 0x%x",
1732 		    ifm->ifm_data.ifi_link_state);
1733 		return buf;
1734 	}
1735 }
1736 #endif /* SMALL */
1737 
1738 static void
1739 print_rtmsg(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, int msglen)
1740 {
1741 	struct if_msghdr *ifm;
1742 	struct ifa_msghdr *ifam;
1743 	struct if_announcemsghdr *ifan;
1744 	union {
1745 		struct ieee80211_join_event join;
1746 		struct ieee80211_leave_event leave;
1747 		struct ieee80211_replay_event replay;
1748 		struct ieee80211_michael_event michael;
1749 	} ev;
1750 	size_t evlen = 0;
1751 
1752 	if (verbose == 0)
1753 		return;
1754 	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
1755 		(void)printf("routing message version %d not understood\n",
1756 		    rtm->rtm_version);
1757 		return;
1758 	}
1759 	if (msgtypes[rtm->rtm_type])
1760 		(void)printf("%s: ", msgtypes[rtm->rtm_type]);
1761 	else
1762 		(void)printf("#%d: ", rtm->rtm_type);
1763 	(void)printf("len %d, ", rtm->rtm_msglen);
1764 	switch (rtm->rtm_type) {
1765 	case RTM_IFINFO:
1766 		ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)rtm;
1767 		(void)printf("if# %d, %s, flags: ", ifm->ifm_index,
1768 #ifdef SMALL
1769 		    ""
1770 #else
1771 		    linkstate(ifm)
1772 #endif /* SMALL */
1773 		    );
1774 		bprintf(stdout, ifm->ifm_flags, ifnetflags);
1775 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifm + 1), ifm->ifm_addrs);
1776 		break;
1777 	case RTM_NEWADDR:
1778 	case RTM_DELADDR:
1779 	case RTM_CHGADDR:
1780 		ifam = (struct ifa_msghdr *)rtm;
1781 		(void)printf("metric %d, flags: ", ifam->ifam_metric);
1782 		bprintf(stdout, ifam->ifam_flags, routeflags);
1783 		pmsg_addrs((char *)(ifam + 1), ifam->ifam_addrs);
1784 		break;
1785 	case RTM_IEEE80211:
1786 		ifan = (struct if_announcemsghdr *)rtm;
1787 		(void)printf("if# %d, what: ", ifan->ifan_index);
1788 		switch (ifan->ifan_what) {
1789 		case RTM_IEEE80211_ASSOC:
1790 			printf("associate");
1791 			break;
1792 		case RTM_IEEE80211_REASSOC:
1793 			printf("re-associate");
1794 			break;
1795 		case RTM_IEEE80211_DISASSOC:
1796 			printf("disassociate");
1797 			break;
1798 		case RTM_IEEE80211_SCAN:
1799 			printf("scan complete");
1800 			break;
1801 		case RTM_IEEE80211_JOIN:
1802 			evlen = sizeof(ev.join);
1803 			printf("join");
1804 			break;
1805 		case RTM_IEEE80211_LEAVE:
1806 			evlen = sizeof(ev.leave);
1807 			printf("leave");
1808 			break;
1809 		case RTM_IEEE80211_MICHAEL:
1810 			evlen = sizeof(ev.michael);
1811 			printf("michael");
1812 			break;
1813 		case RTM_IEEE80211_REPLAY:
1814 			evlen = sizeof(ev.replay);
1815 			printf("replay");
1816 			break;
1817 		default:
1818 			evlen = 0;
1819 			printf("#%d", ifan->ifan_what);
1820 			break;
1821 		}
1822 		if (sizeof(*ifan) + evlen > ifan->ifan_msglen) {
1823 			printf(" (truncated)\n");
1824 			break;
1825 		}
1826 		(void)memcpy(&ev, (ifan + 1), evlen);
1827 		switch (ifan->ifan_what) {
1828 		case RTM_IEEE80211_JOIN:
1829 		case RTM_IEEE80211_LEAVE:
1830 			printf(" mac %" PRIETHER,
1831 			    PRIETHER_ARGS(ev.join.iev_addr));
1832 			break;
1833 		case RTM_IEEE80211_REPLAY:
1834 		case RTM_IEEE80211_MICHAEL:
1835 			printf(" src %" PRIETHER " dst %" PRIETHER
1836 			       " cipher %" PRIu8 " keyix %" PRIu8,
1837 			       PRIETHER_ARGS(ev.replay.iev_src),
1838 			       PRIETHER_ARGS(ev.replay.iev_dst),
1839 			       ev.replay.iev_cipher,
1840 			       ev.replay.iev_keyix);
1841 			if (ifan->ifan_what == RTM_IEEE80211_REPLAY) {
1842 				printf(" key rsc %#" PRIx64
1843 				       " frame rsc %#" PRIx64,
1844 				       ev.replay.iev_keyrsc, ev.replay.iev_rsc);
1845 			}
1846 			break;
1847 		default:
1848 			break;
1849 		}
1850 		printf("\n");
1851 		break;
1852 	case RTM_IFANNOUNCE:
1853 		ifan = (struct if_announcemsghdr *)rtm;
1854 		(void)printf("if# %d, what: ", ifan->ifan_index);
1855 		switch (ifan->ifan_what) {
1856 		case IFAN_ARRIVAL:
1857 			printf("arrival");
1858 			break;
1859 		case IFAN_DEPARTURE:
1860 			printf("departure");
1861 			break;
1862 		default:
1863 			printf("#%d", ifan->ifan_what);
1864 			break;
1865 		}
1866 		printf("\n");
1867 		break;
1868 	default:
1869 		(void)printf("pid %d, seq %d, errno %d, flags: ",
1870 			rtm->rtm_pid, rtm->rtm_seq, rtm->rtm_errno);
1871 		bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
1872 		pmsg_common(rtm);
1873 	}
1874 }
1875 
1876 #ifndef	SMALL
1877 static int
1878 print_getmsg(struct rt_msghdr *rtm, int msglen, struct sou *soup)
1879 {
1880 	struct sockaddr *dst = NULL, *gate = NULL, *mask = NULL, *ifa = NULL, *mpls = NULL;
1881 	struct sockaddr_dl *ifp = NULL;
1882 	struct sockaddr *sa;
1883 	char *cp;
1884 	int i;
1885 
1886 	if (! shortoutput) {
1887 		(void)printf("   route to: %s\n",
1888 		    routename(&soup->so_dst->sa, NULL, RTF_HOST));
1889 	}
1890 	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
1891 		warnx("routing message version %d not understood",
1892 		    rtm->rtm_version);
1893 		return 1;
1894 	}
1895 	if (rtm->rtm_msglen > msglen) {
1896 		warnx("message length mismatch, in packet %d, returned %d",
1897 		    rtm->rtm_msglen, msglen);
1898 	}
1899 	if (rtm->rtm_errno)  {
1900 		warnx("RTM_GET: %s (errno %d)",
1901 		    strerror(rtm->rtm_errno), rtm->rtm_errno);
1902 		return 1;
1903 	}
1904 	cp = ((char *)(rtm + 1));
1905 	if (rtm->rtm_addrs)
1906 		for (i = 1; i; i <<= 1)
1907 			if (i & rtm->rtm_addrs) {
1908 				sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
1909 				switch (i) {
1910 				case RTA_DST:
1911 					dst = sa;
1912 					break;
1913 				case RTA_GATEWAY:
1914 					gate = sa;
1915 					break;
1916 				case RTA_NETMASK:
1917 					mask = sa;
1918 					break;
1919 				case RTA_IFP:
1920 					if (sa->sa_family == AF_LINK &&
1921 					   ((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa)->sdl_nlen)
1922 						ifp = (struct sockaddr_dl *)sa;
1923 					break;
1924 				case RTA_IFA:
1925 					ifa = sa;
1926 					break;
1927 				case RTA_TAG:
1928 					mpls = sa;
1929 					break;
1930 				}
1931 				RT_ADVANCE(cp, sa);
1932 			}
1933 	if (dst && mask)
1934 		mask->sa_family = dst->sa_family;	/* XXX */
1935 	if (dst && ! shortoutput)
1936 		(void)printf("destination: %s\n",
1937 		    routename(dst, mask, RTF_HOST));
1938 	if (mask && ! shortoutput) {
1939 		int savenflag = nflag;
1940 
1941 		nflag = 1;
1942 		(void)printf("       mask: %s\n",
1943 		    routename(mask, NULL, RTF_HOST));
1944 		nflag = savenflag;
1945 	}
1946 	if (gate && rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) {
1947 		const char *name;
1948 
1949 		name = routename(gate, NULL, RTF_HOST);
1950 		if (shortoutput) {
1951 			if (*name == '\0')
1952 				return 1;
1953 			(void)printf("%s\n", name);
1954 		} else
1955 			(void)printf("    gateway: %s\n", name);
1956 	}
1957 	if (mpls) {
1958 		const char *name;
1959 		name = routename(mpls, NULL, RTF_HOST);
1960 		if(shortoutput) {
1961 			if (*name == '\0')
1962 				return 1;
1963 			printf("%s\n", name);
1964 		} else
1965 			printf("        Tag: %s\n", name);
1966 	}
1967 
1968 	if (ifa && ! shortoutput)
1969 		(void)printf(" local addr: %s\n",
1970 		    routename(ifa, NULL, RTF_HOST));
1971 	if (ifp && ! shortoutput)
1972 		(void)printf("  interface: %.*s\n",
1973 		    ifp->sdl_nlen, ifp->sdl_data);
1974 	if (! shortoutput) {
1975 		(void)printf("      flags: ");
1976 		bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
1977 	}
1978 
1979 #define lock(f)	((rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks & __CONCAT(RTV_,f)) ? 'L' : ' ')
1980 #define msec(u)	(((u) + 500) / 1000)		/* usec to msec */
1981 
1982 	if (! shortoutput) {
1983 		(void)printf("\n%s\n", "\
1984  recvpipe  sendpipe  ssthresh  rtt,msec    rttvar  hopcount      mtu     expire");
1985 		printf("%8"PRId64"%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_recvpipe, lock(RPIPE));
1986 		printf("%8"PRId64"%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_sendpipe, lock(SPIPE));
1987 		printf("%8"PRId64"%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_ssthresh, lock(SSTHRESH));
1988 		printf("%8"PRId64"%c ", msec(rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rtt), lock(RTT));
1989 		printf("%8"PRId64"%c ", msec(rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_rttvar), lock(RTTVAR));
1990 		printf("%8"PRId64"%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_hopcount, lock(HOPCOUNT));
1991 		printf("%8"PRId64"%c ", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_mtu, lock(MTU));
1992 		if (rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire)
1993 			rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire -= time(0);
1994 		printf("%8"PRId64"%c\n", rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_expire, lock(EXPIRE));
1995 	}
1996 #undef lock
1997 #undef msec
1998 #define	RTA_IGN	(RTA_DST|RTA_GATEWAY|RTA_NETMASK|RTA_IFP|RTA_IFA|RTA_BRD)
1999 
2000 	if (shortoutput)
2001 		return (rtm->rtm_addrs & RTF_GATEWAY) == 0;
2002 	else if (verbose)
2003 		pmsg_common(rtm);
2004 	else if (rtm->rtm_addrs &~ RTA_IGN) {
2005 		(void)printf("sockaddrs: ");
2006 		bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_addrs, addrnames);
2007 		putchar('\n');
2008 	}
2009 	return 0;
2010 #undef	RTA_IGN
2011 }
2012 #endif	/* SMALL */
2013 
2014 void
2015 pmsg_common(struct rt_msghdr *rtm)
2016 {
2017 	(void)printf("\nlocks: ");
2018 	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks, metricnames);
2019 	(void)printf(" inits: ");
2020 	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_inits, metricnames);
2021 	pmsg_addrs((char *)(rtm + 1), rtm->rtm_addrs);
2022 }
2023 
2024 static void
2025 extract_addrs(const char *cp, int addrs, const struct sockaddr *sa[], int *nmfp)
2026 {
2027 	int i, nmf = -1;
2028 
2029 	for (i = 0; i < RTAX_MAX; i++) {
2030 		if ((1 << i) & addrs) {
2031 			sa[i] = (const struct sockaddr *)cp;
2032 			if ((i == RTAX_DST || i == RTAX_IFA) &&
2033 			    nmf == -1)
2034 				nmf = sa[i]->sa_family;
2035 			RT_ADVANCE(cp, sa[i]);
2036 		} else
2037 			sa[i] = NULL;
2038 	}
2039 
2040 	if (nmfp != NULL)
2041 		*nmfp = nmf;
2042 }
2043 
2044 static void
2045 pmsg_addrs(const char *cp, int addrs)
2046 {
2047 	const struct sockaddr *sa[RTAX_MAX];
2048 	int i, nmf;
2049 
2050 	if (addrs != 0) {
2051 		(void)printf("\nsockaddrs: ");
2052 		bprintf(stdout, addrs, addrnames);
2053 		(void)putchar('\n');
2054 		extract_addrs(cp, addrs, sa, &nmf);
2055 		for (i = 0; i < RTAX_MAX; i++) {
2056 			if (sa[i] == NULL)
2057 				continue;
2058 
2059 			if (i == RTAX_NETMASK && sa[i]->sa_len)
2060 				(void)printf(" %s",
2061 				    netmask_string(sa[i], -1, nmf));
2062 			else
2063 				(void)printf(" %s",
2064 				    routename(sa[i], NULL, RTF_HOST));
2065 		}
2066 	}
2067 	(void)putchar('\n');
2068 	(void)fflush(stdout);
2069 }
2070 
2071 static void
2072 bprintf(FILE *fp, int b, const char *f)
2073 {
2074 	int i;
2075 	int gotsome = 0;
2076 	const uint8_t *s = (const uint8_t *)f;
2077 
2078 	if (b == 0) {
2079 		fputs("none", fp);
2080 		return;
2081 	}
2082 	while ((i = *s++) != 0) {
2083 		if (b & (1 << (i-1))) {
2084 			if (gotsome == 0)
2085 				i = '<';
2086 			else
2087 				i = ',';
2088 			(void)putc(i, fp);
2089 			gotsome = 1;
2090 			for (; (i = *s) > 32; s++)
2091 				(void)putc(i, fp);
2092 		} else
2093 			while (*s > 32)
2094 				s++;
2095 	}
2096 	if (gotsome)
2097 		(void)putc('>', fp);
2098 }
2099 
2100 int
2101 keyword(const char *cp)
2102 {
2103 	struct keytab *kt = keywords;
2104 
2105 	while (kt->kt_cp && strcmp(kt->kt_cp, cp))
2106 		kt++;
2107 	return kt->kt_i;
2108 }
2109 
2110 static void
2111 sodump(sup su, const char *which)
2112 {
2113 #ifdef INET6
2114 	char ntop_buf[NI_MAXHOST];
2115 #endif
2116 
2117 	switch (su->sa.sa_family) {
2118 	case AF_INET:
2119 		(void)printf("%s: inet %s; ",
2120 		    which, inet_ntoa(su->sin.sin_addr));
2121 		break;
2122 #ifndef SMALL
2123 	case AF_APPLETALK:
2124 		(void)printf("%s: atalk %d.%d; ",
2125 		    which, su->sat.sat_addr.s_net, su->sat.sat_addr.s_node);
2126 		break;
2127 #endif
2128 	case AF_LINK:
2129 		(void)printf("%s: link %s; ",
2130 		    which, link_ntoa(&su->sdl));
2131 		break;
2132 #ifdef INET6
2133 	case AF_INET6:
2134 		(void)printf("%s: inet6 %s; ",
2135 		    which, inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &su->sin6.sin6_addr,
2136 				     ntop_buf, sizeof(ntop_buf)));
2137 		break;
2138 #endif
2139 #ifndef SMALL
2140 	case AF_ISO:
2141 		(void)printf("%s: iso %s; ",
2142 		    which, iso_ntoa(&su->siso.siso_addr));
2143 		break;
2144 	case AF_MPLS:
2145 	    {
2146 		union mpls_shim ms;
2147 		const union mpls_shim *pms;
2148 		int psize = sizeof(struct sockaddr_mpls);
2149 
2150 		ms.s_addr = ntohl(su->smpls.smpls_addr.s_addr);
2151 		printf("%s: mpls %u; ",
2152 		    which, ms.shim.label);
2153 
2154 		pms = &su->smpls.smpls_addr;
2155 		while(psize < su->smpls.smpls_len) {
2156 			pms++;
2157 			ms.s_addr = ntohl(pms->s_addr);
2158 			printf("%u; ", ms.shim.label);
2159 			psize += sizeof(ms);
2160 		}
2161 		break;
2162 	    }
2163 #endif /* SMALL */
2164 	default:
2165 		(void)printf("%s: (%d) %s; ",
2166 		    which, su->sa.sa_family, any_ntoa(&su->sa));
2167 	}
2168 	(void)fflush(stdout);
2169 }
2170 
2171 /* States*/
2172 #define VIRGIN	0
2173 #define GOTONE	1
2174 #define GOTTWO	2
2175 /* Inputs */
2176 #define	DIGIT	(4*0)
2177 #define	END	(4*1)
2178 #define DELIM	(4*2)
2179 
2180 static void
2181 sockaddr(const char *addr, struct sockaddr *sa)
2182 {
2183 	char *cp = (char *)sa;
2184 	int size = sa->sa_len;
2185 	char *cplim = cp + size;
2186 	int byte = 0, state = VIRGIN, new = 0;
2187 
2188 	(void)memset(cp, 0, size);
2189 	cp++;
2190 	do {
2191 		if ((*addr >= '0') && (*addr <= '9')) {
2192 			new = *addr - '0';
2193 		} else if ((*addr >= 'a') && (*addr <= 'f')) {
2194 			new = *addr - 'a' + 10;
2195 		} else if ((*addr >= 'A') && (*addr <= 'F')) {
2196 			new = *addr - 'A' + 10;
2197 		} else if (*addr == 0)
2198 			state |= END;
2199 		else
2200 			state |= DELIM;
2201 		addr++;
2202 		switch (state /* | INPUT */) {
2203 		case GOTTWO | DIGIT:
2204 			*cp++ = byte; /*FALLTHROUGH*/
2205 		case VIRGIN | DIGIT:
2206 			state = GOTONE; byte = new; continue;
2207 		case GOTONE | DIGIT:
2208 			state = GOTTWO; byte = new + (byte << 4); continue;
2209 		default: /* | DELIM */
2210 			state = VIRGIN; *cp++ = byte; byte = 0; continue;
2211 		case GOTONE | END:
2212 		case GOTTWO | END:
2213 			*cp++ = byte; /* FALLTHROUGH */
2214 		case VIRGIN | END:
2215 			break;
2216 		}
2217 		break;
2218 	} while (cp < cplim);
2219 	sa->sa_len = cp - (char *)sa;
2220 }
2221