1 /* $NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.101 2011/09/11 17:18:52 christos Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * Mike Muuss. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 19 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 20 * without specific prior written permission. 21 * 22 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 23 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 24 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 25 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 26 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 27 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 28 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 29 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 30 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 31 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 32 * SUCH DAMAGE. 33 */ 34 35 /* 36 * P I N G . C 37 * 38 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 39 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 40 * 41 * Author - 42 * Mike Muuss 43 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 44 * December, 1983 45 * Modified at Uc Berkeley 46 * Record Route and verbose headers - Phil Dykstra, BRL, March 1988. 47 * Multicast options (ttl, if, loop) - Steve Deering, Stanford, August 1988. 48 * ttl, duplicate detection - Cliff Frost, UCB, April 1989 49 * Pad pattern - Cliff Frost (from Tom Ferrin, UCSF), April 1989 50 * 51 * Status - 52 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 53 * 54 * Bugs - 55 * More statistics could always be gathered. 56 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 57 */ 58 59 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 60 #ifndef lint 61 __RCSID("$NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.101 2011/09/11 17:18:52 christos Exp $"); 62 #endif 63 64 #include <stdio.h> 65 #include <stddef.h> 66 #include <errno.h> 67 #include <signal.h> 68 #include <sys/time.h> 69 #include <sys/types.h> 70 #include <sys/param.h> 71 #include <sys/socket.h> 72 #include <sys/file.h> 73 #include <termios.h> 74 #include <stdlib.h> 75 #include <unistd.h> 76 #include <poll.h> 77 #include <limits.h> 78 #include <math.h> 79 #include <string.h> 80 #include <err.h> 81 82 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 83 #include <netinet/in.h> 84 #include <netinet/ip.h> 85 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 86 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 87 #include <arpa/inet.h> 88 #include <ctype.h> 89 #include <netdb.h> 90 91 #ifdef IPSEC 92 #include <netinet6/ipsec.h> 93 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 94 95 #include "prog_ops.h" 96 97 #define FLOOD_INTVL 0.01 /* default flood output interval */ 98 #define MAXPACKET (IP_MAXPACKET-60-8) /* max packet size */ 99 100 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0001 101 #define F_QUIET 0x0002 /* minimize all output */ 102 #define F_SEMI_QUIET 0x0004 /* ignore our ICMP errors */ 103 #define F_FLOOD 0x0008 /* flood-ping */ 104 #define F_RECORD_ROUTE 0x0010 /* record route */ 105 #define F_SOURCE_ROUTE 0x0020 /* loose source route */ 106 #define F_PING_FILLED 0x0040 /* is buffer filled with user data? */ 107 #define F_PING_RANDOM 0x0080 /* use random data */ 108 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0100 /* do not do gethostbyaddr() calls */ 109 #define F_TIMING 0x0200 /* room for a timestamp */ 110 #define F_DF 0x0400 /* set IP DF bit */ 111 #define F_SOURCE_ADDR 0x0800 /* set source IP address/interface */ 112 #define F_ONCE 0x1000 /* exit(0) after receiving 1 reply */ 113 #define F_MCAST 0x2000 /* multicast target */ 114 #define F_MCAST_NOLOOP 0x4000 /* no multicast loopback */ 115 #define F_AUDIBLE 0x8000 /* audible output */ 116 #define F_TIMING64 0x10000 /* 64 bit time, nanoseconds */ 117 #ifdef IPSEC 118 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 119 #define F_POLICY 0x10000 120 #else 121 #define F_AUTHHDR 0x10000 122 #define F_ENCRYPT 0x20000 123 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 124 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 125 126 127 /* MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, the 128 * maximum number of received sequence numbers we can track to check 129 * for duplicates. 130 */ 131 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 2048) 132 static u_char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK/8]; 133 static int nrepeats = 0; 134 #define A(seq) rcvd_tbl[(seq/8)%sizeof(rcvd_tbl)] /* byte in array */ 135 #define B(seq) (1 << (seq & 0x07)) /* bit in byte */ 136 #define SET(seq) (A(seq) |= B(seq)) 137 #define CLR(seq) (A(seq) &= (~B(seq))) 138 #define TST(seq) (A(seq) & B(seq)) 139 140 struct tv32 { 141 int32_t tv32_sec; 142 int32_t tv32_usec; 143 }; 144 145 146 static u_char *packet; 147 static int packlen; 148 static int pingflags = 0, options; 149 static int pongflags = 0; 150 static char *fill_pat; 151 152 static int s; /* Socket file descriptor */ 153 static int sloop; /* Socket file descriptor/loopback */ 154 155 #define PHDR_LEN sizeof(struct tv32) /* size of timestamp header */ 156 #define PHDR64_LEN sizeof(struct timespec) /* size of timestamp header */ 157 static struct sockaddr_in whereto, send_addr; /* Who to ping */ 158 static struct sockaddr_in src_addr; /* from where */ 159 static struct sockaddr_in loc_addr; /* 127.1 */ 160 static int datalen; /* How much data */ 161 static int phdrlen; 162 163 #ifndef __NetBSD__ 164 static char *progname; 165 #define getprogname() (progname) 166 #define setprogname(name) ((void)(progname = (name))) 167 #endif 168 169 static char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 170 171 static struct { 172 struct ip o_ip; 173 char o_opt[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 174 union { 175 u_char u_buf[MAXPACKET+offsetof(struct icmp, icmp_data)]; 176 struct icmp u_icmp; 177 } o_u; 178 } out_pack; 179 #define opack_icmp out_pack.o_u.u_icmp 180 static struct ip *opack_ip; 181 182 static char optspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 183 static int optlen; 184 185 static int npackets; /* total packets to send */ 186 static int preload; /* number of packets to "preload" */ 187 static int ntransmitted; /* output sequence # = #sent */ 188 static int ident; /* our ID, in network byte order */ 189 190 static int nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 191 192 static double interval; /* interval between packets */ 193 static struct timespec interval_tv; 194 static double tmin = 999999999.0; 195 static double tmax = 0.0; 196 static double tsum = 0.0; /* sum of all times */ 197 static double tsumsq = 0.0; 198 static double maxwait = 0.0; 199 200 static int bufspace = IP_MAXPACKET; 201 202 static struct timespec now, clear_cache, last_tx, next_tx, first_tx; 203 static struct timespec last_rx, first_rx; 204 static int lastrcvd = 1; /* last ping sent has been received */ 205 206 static struct timespec jiggle_time; 207 static int jiggle_cnt, total_jiggled, jiggle_direction = -1; 208 209 __dead static void doit(void); 210 static void prefinish(int); 211 static void prtsig(int); 212 __dead static void finish(int); 213 static void summary(int); 214 static void pinger(void); 215 static void fill(void); 216 static void rnd_fill(void); 217 static double diffsec(struct timespec *, struct timespec *); 218 #if 0 219 static void timespecadd(struct timespec *, struct timespec *); 220 #endif 221 static void sec_to_timespec(const double, struct timespec *); 222 static double timespec_to_sec(const struct timespec *); 223 static void pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); 224 static u_int16_t in_cksum(u_int16_t *, u_int); 225 static void pr_saddr(u_char *); 226 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr *); 227 static void pr_iph(struct icmp *, int); 228 static void pr_retip(struct icmp *, int); 229 static int pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct sockaddr_in *, int); 230 static void jiggle(int), jiggle_flush(int); 231 static void gethost(const char *, const char *, 232 struct sockaddr_in *, char *, int); 233 __dead static void usage(void); 234 235 int 236 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 237 { 238 int c, i, on = 1, hostind = 0; 239 long l; 240 int len = -1, compat = 0; 241 u_char ttl = 0; 242 u_long tos = 0; 243 char *p; 244 #ifdef IPSEC 245 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 246 char *policy_in = NULL; 247 char *policy_out = NULL; 248 #endif 249 #endif 250 #ifdef SIGINFO 251 struct sigaction sa; 252 #endif 253 254 if (prog_init && prog_init() == -1) 255 err(1, "init failed"); 256 257 if ((s = prog_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 258 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 259 if ((sloop = prog_socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) < 0) 260 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 261 262 /* 263 * sloop is never read on. This prevents packets from 264 * queueing in its recv buffer. 265 */ 266 if (prog_shutdown(sloop, SHUT_RD) == -1) 267 warn("Cannot shutdown for read"); 268 269 if (prog_setuid(prog_getuid()) == -1) 270 err(1, "setuid"); 271 272 setprogname(argv[0]); 273 274 #ifndef IPSEC 275 #define IPSECOPT 276 #else 277 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 278 #define IPSECOPT "E:" 279 #else 280 #define IPSECOPT "AE" 281 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 282 #endif 283 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, 284 "ac:CdDfg:h:i:I:l:Lnop:PqQrRs:t:T:vw:" IPSECOPT)) != -1) { 285 #undef IPSECOPT 286 switch (c) { 287 case 'a': 288 pingflags |= F_AUDIBLE; 289 break; 290 case 'C': 291 compat = 1; 292 break; 293 case 'c': 294 npackets = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 295 if (*p != '\0' || npackets <= 0) 296 errx(1, "Bad/invalid number of packets"); 297 break; 298 case 'D': 299 pingflags |= F_DF; 300 break; 301 case 'd': 302 options |= SO_DEBUG; 303 break; 304 case 'f': 305 pingflags |= F_FLOOD; 306 break; 307 case 'h': 308 hostind = optind-1; 309 break; 310 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 311 interval = strtod(optarg, &p); 312 if (*p != '\0' || interval <= 0) 313 errx(1, "Bad/invalid interval %s", optarg); 314 break; 315 case 'l': 316 preload = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 317 if (*p != '\0' || preload < 0) 318 errx(1, "Bad/invalid preload value %s", 319 optarg); 320 break; 321 case 'n': 322 pingflags |= F_NUMERIC; 323 break; 324 case 'o': 325 pingflags |= F_ONCE; 326 break; 327 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 328 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 329 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 330 pingflags |= F_PING_FILLED; 331 fill_pat = optarg; 332 break; 333 case 'P': 334 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) 335 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 336 pingflags |= F_PING_RANDOM; 337 break; 338 case 'q': 339 pingflags |= F_QUIET; 340 break; 341 case 'Q': 342 pingflags |= F_SEMI_QUIET; 343 break; 344 case 'r': 345 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 346 break; 347 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 348 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 349 if (*p != '\0' || l < 0) 350 errx(1, "Bad/invalid packet size %s", optarg); 351 if (l > MAXPACKET) 352 errx(1, "packet size is too large"); 353 len = (int)l; 354 break; 355 case 'v': 356 pingflags |= F_VERBOSE; 357 break; 358 case 'R': 359 pingflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 360 break; 361 case 'L': 362 pingflags |= F_MCAST_NOLOOP; 363 break; 364 case 't': 365 tos = strtoul(optarg, &p, 0); 366 if (*p != '\0' || tos > 0xFF) 367 errx(1, "bad tos value: %s", optarg); 368 break; 369 case 'T': 370 l = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 371 if (*p != '\0' || l > 255 || l <= 0) 372 errx(1, "ttl out of range"); 373 ttl = (u_char)l; /* cannot check >255 otherwise */ 374 break; 375 case 'I': 376 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ADDR; 377 gethost("-I", optarg, &src_addr, 0, 0); 378 break; 379 case 'g': 380 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 381 gethost("-g", optarg, &send_addr, 0, 0); 382 break; 383 case 'w': 384 maxwait = strtod(optarg, &p); 385 if (*p != '\0' || maxwait <= 0) 386 errx(1, "Bad/invalid maxwait time %s", optarg); 387 break; 388 #ifdef IPSEC 389 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 390 case 'E': 391 pingflags |= F_POLICY; 392 if (!strncmp("in", optarg, 2)) { 393 policy_in = strdup(optarg); 394 if (!policy_in) 395 err(1, "strdup"); 396 } else if (!strncmp("out", optarg, 3)) { 397 policy_out = strdup(optarg); 398 if (!policy_out) 399 err(1, "strdup"); 400 } else 401 errx(1, "invalid security policy"); 402 break; 403 #else 404 case 'A': 405 pingflags |= F_AUTHHDR; 406 break; 407 case 'E': 408 pingflags |= F_ENCRYPT; 409 break; 410 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 411 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 412 default: 413 usage(); 414 break; 415 } 416 } 417 418 if (interval == 0) 419 interval = (pingflags & F_FLOOD) ? FLOOD_INTVL : 1.0; 420 #ifndef sgi 421 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD && prog_getuid()) 422 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -f"); 423 if (interval < 1.0 && prog_getuid()) 424 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use < 1 sec ping interval"); 425 if (preload > 0 && prog_getuid()) 426 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use -l"); 427 #endif 428 sec_to_timespec(interval, &interval_tv); 429 430 if ((pingflags & (F_AUDIBLE|F_FLOOD)) == (F_AUDIBLE|F_FLOOD)) 431 warnx("Sorry, no audible output for flood pings"); 432 433 if (npackets != 0) { 434 npackets += preload; 435 } else { 436 npackets = INT_MAX; 437 } 438 439 if (hostind == 0) { 440 if (optind != argc-1) 441 usage(); 442 else 443 hostind = optind; 444 } 445 else if (hostind >= argc - 1) 446 usage(); 447 448 gethost("", argv[hostind], &whereto, hostname, sizeof(hostname)); 449 if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr))) 450 pingflags |= F_MCAST; 451 if (!(pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE)) 452 (void) memcpy(&send_addr, &whereto, sizeof(send_addr)); 453 454 loc_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; 455 loc_addr.sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); 456 loc_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((127 << 24) + 1); 457 458 if (len != -1) 459 datalen = len; 460 else 461 datalen = 64; 462 if (!compat && datalen >= (int)PHDR64_LEN) { /* can we time them? */ 463 pingflags |= F_TIMING64; 464 phdrlen = PHDR64_LEN; 465 } else if (datalen >= (int)PHDR_LEN) { /* can we time them? */ 466 pingflags |= F_TIMING; 467 phdrlen = PHDR_LEN; 468 } else 469 phdrlen = 0; 470 datalen -= phdrlen; 471 472 packlen = datalen + 60 + 76; /* MAXIP + MAXICMP */ 473 if ((packet = malloc(packlen)) == NULL) 474 err(1, "Out of memory"); 475 476 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) { 477 fill(); 478 } else if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) { 479 rnd_fill(); 480 } else { 481 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) 482 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = i; 483 } 484 485 ident = arc4random() & 0xFFFF; 486 487 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 488 if (prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 489 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 490 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 491 } 492 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 493 if (prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 494 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 495 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 496 } 497 498 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 499 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, 500 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 501 warn("Can't turn on socket debugging"); 502 } 503 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 504 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, 505 (char *)&on, sizeof(on)) == -1) 506 warn("SO_DONTROUTE"); 507 } 508 509 if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) { 510 optspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_LSRR; 511 optspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = optlen = 7; 512 optspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 513 (void)memcpy(&optspace[IPOPT_MINOFF-1], &whereto.sin_addr, 514 sizeof(whereto.sin_addr)); 515 optspace[optlen++] = IPOPT_NOP; 516 } 517 if (pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) { 518 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 519 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OLEN] = (MAX_IPOPTLEN -1-optlen); 520 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 521 optlen = MAX_IPOPTLEN; 522 } 523 /* this leaves opack_ip 0(mod 4) aligned */ 524 opack_ip = (struct ip *)((char *)&out_pack.o_ip 525 + sizeof(out_pack.o_opt) 526 - optlen); 527 (void) memcpy(opack_ip + 1, optspace, optlen); 528 529 if (prog_setsockopt(s,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 530 (char *) &on, sizeof(on)) < 0) 531 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 532 533 opack_ip->ip_v = IPVERSION; 534 opack_ip->ip_hl = (sizeof(struct ip)+optlen) >> 2; 535 opack_ip->ip_tos = tos; 536 opack_ip->ip_off = (pingflags & F_DF) ? IP_DF : 0; 537 opack_ip->ip_ttl = ttl ? ttl : MAXTTL; 538 opack_ip->ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 539 opack_ip->ip_src = src_addr.sin_addr; 540 opack_ip->ip_dst = send_addr.sin_addr; 541 542 if (pingflags & F_MCAST) { 543 if (pingflags & F_MCAST_NOLOOP) { 544 u_char loop = 0; 545 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, 546 IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, 547 (char *) &loop, 1) < 0) 548 err(1, "Can't disable multicast loopback"); 549 } 550 551 if (ttl != 0 552 && prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 553 (char *) &ttl, 1) < 0) 554 err(1, "Can't set multicast time-to-live"); 555 556 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) 557 && prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 558 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 559 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 560 err(1, "Can't set multicast source interface"); 561 562 } else if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ADDR) { 563 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 564 (char *) &src_addr.sin_addr, 565 sizeof(src_addr.sin_addr)) < 0) 566 err(1, "Can't set source interface/address"); 567 } 568 #ifdef IPSEC 569 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 570 { 571 char *buf; 572 if (pingflags & F_POLICY) { 573 if (policy_in != NULL) { 574 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_in, strlen(policy_in)); 575 if (buf == NULL) 576 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 577 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 578 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 579 err(1, "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 580 } 581 free(buf); 582 } 583 if (policy_out != NULL) { 584 buf = ipsec_set_policy(policy_out, strlen(policy_out)); 585 if (buf == NULL) 586 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 587 if (prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 588 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 589 err(1, "ipsec policy cannot be configured"); 590 } 591 free(buf); 592 } 593 } 594 buf = ipsec_set_policy("out bypass", strlen("out bypass")); 595 if (buf == NULL) 596 errx(1, "%s", ipsec_strerror()); 597 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_IPSEC_POLICY, 598 buf, ipsec_get_policylen(buf)) < 0) { 599 #if 0 600 warnx("ipsec is not configured"); 601 #else 602 /* ignore it, should be okay */ 603 #endif 604 } 605 free(buf); 606 } 607 #else 608 { 609 int optval; 610 if (pingflags & F_AUTHHDR) { 611 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE; 612 #ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL 613 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, 614 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 615 #else 616 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_LEVEL, 617 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 618 #endif 619 } 620 if (pingflags & F_ENCRYPT) { 621 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_REQUIRE; 622 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, 623 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 624 } 625 optval = IPSEC_LEVEL_BYPASS; 626 #ifdef IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL 627 (void)prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_TRANS_LEVEL, 628 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 629 #else 630 (void)prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_AUTH_LEVEL, 631 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 632 #endif 633 (void)prog_setsockopt(sloop, IPPROTO_IP, IP_ESP_TRANS_LEVEL, 634 (char *)&optval, sizeof(optval)); 635 } 636 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 637 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 638 639 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 640 inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr), datalen); 641 642 /* When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot 643 * of answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you 644 * are trying to stress the ethernet, or just want to 645 * fill the arp cache to get some stuff for /etc/ethers. 646 */ 647 while (0 > prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 648 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace))) { 649 if ((bufspace -= 4096) <= 0) 650 err(1, "Cannot set the receive buffer size"); 651 } 652 653 /* make it possible to send giant probes, but do not worry now 654 * if it fails, since we probably won't send giant probes. 655 */ 656 (void)prog_setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, 657 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace)); 658 659 (void)signal(SIGINT, prefinish); 660 661 #ifdef SIGINFO 662 sa.sa_handler = prtsig; 663 sa.sa_flags = SA_NOKERNINFO; 664 sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask); 665 (void)sigaction(SIGINFO, &sa, NULL); 666 #else 667 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 668 #endif 669 (void)signal(SIGCONT, prtsig); 670 671 /* fire off them quickies */ 672 for (i = 0; i < preload; i++) { 673 clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now); 674 pinger(); 675 } 676 677 doit(); 678 return 0; 679 } 680 681 682 static void 683 doit(void) 684 { 685 int cc; 686 struct sockaddr_in from; 687 socklen_t fromlen; 688 double sec, last, d_last; 689 struct pollfd fdmaskp[1]; 690 691 (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &clear_cache); 692 if (maxwait != 0) { 693 last = timespec_to_sec(&clear_cache) + maxwait; 694 d_last = 0; 695 } else { 696 last = 0; 697 d_last = 365*24*60*60; 698 } 699 700 do { 701 clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now); 702 703 if (last != 0) 704 d_last = last - timespec_to_sec(&now); 705 706 if (ntransmitted < npackets && d_last > 0) { 707 /* send if within 100 usec or late for next packet */ 708 sec = diffsec(&next_tx, &now); 709 if (sec <= 0.0001 || 710 (lastrcvd && (pingflags & F_FLOOD))) { 711 pinger(); 712 sec = diffsec(&next_tx, &now); 713 } 714 if (sec < 0.0) 715 sec = 0.0; 716 if (d_last < sec) 717 sec = d_last; 718 719 } else { 720 /* For the last response, wait twice as long as the 721 * worst case seen, or 10 times as long as the 722 * maximum interpacket interval, whichever is longer. 723 */ 724 sec = MAX(2 * tmax, 10 * interval) - 725 diffsec(&now, &last_tx); 726 if (d_last < sec) 727 sec = d_last; 728 if (sec <= 0) 729 break; 730 } 731 732 fdmaskp[0].fd = s; 733 fdmaskp[0].events = POLLIN; 734 cc = prog_poll(fdmaskp, 1, (int)(sec * 1000)); 735 if (cc <= 0) { 736 if (cc < 0) { 737 if (errno == EINTR) 738 continue; 739 jiggle_flush(1); 740 err(1, "poll"); 741 } 742 continue; 743 } 744 745 fromlen = sizeof(from); 746 cc = prog_recvfrom(s, (char *) packet, packlen, 747 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, 748 &fromlen); 749 if (cc < 0) { 750 if (errno != EINTR) { 751 jiggle_flush(1); 752 warn("recvfrom"); 753 (void)fflush(stderr); 754 } 755 continue; 756 } 757 clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &now); 758 pr_pack(packet, cc, &from); 759 760 } while (nreceived < npackets 761 && (nreceived == 0 || !(pingflags & F_ONCE))); 762 763 finish(0); 764 } 765 766 767 static void 768 jiggle_flush(int nl) /* new line if there are dots */ 769 { 770 int serrno = errno; 771 772 if (jiggle_cnt > 0) { 773 total_jiggled += jiggle_cnt; 774 jiggle_direction = 1; 775 do { 776 (void)putchar('.'); 777 } while (--jiggle_cnt > 0); 778 779 } else if (jiggle_cnt < 0) { 780 total_jiggled -= jiggle_cnt; 781 jiggle_direction = -1; 782 do { 783 (void)putchar('\b'); 784 } while (++jiggle_cnt < 0); 785 } 786 787 if (nl) { 788 if (total_jiggled != 0) 789 (void)putchar('\n'); 790 total_jiggled = 0; 791 jiggle_direction = -1; 792 } 793 794 (void)fflush(stdout); 795 (void)fflush(stderr); 796 jiggle_time = now; 797 errno = serrno; 798 } 799 800 801 /* jiggle the cursor for flood-ping 802 */ 803 static void 804 jiggle(int delta) 805 { 806 double dt; 807 808 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 809 return; 810 811 /* do not back up into messages */ 812 if (total_jiggled+jiggle_cnt+delta < 0) 813 return; 814 815 jiggle_cnt += delta; 816 817 /* flush the FLOOD dots when things are quiet 818 * or occassionally to make the cursor jiggle. 819 */ 820 dt = diffsec(&last_tx, &jiggle_time); 821 if (dt > 0.2 || (dt >= 0.15 && delta*jiggle_direction < 0)) 822 jiggle_flush(0); 823 } 824 825 826 /* 827 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 828 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 829 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first phdrlen bytes 830 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 831 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time, or a UNIX "timespec" in native 832 * format. 833 */ 834 static void 835 pinger(void) 836 { 837 struct tv32 tv32; 838 int i, cc, sw; 839 840 opack_icmp.icmp_code = 0; 841 opack_icmp.icmp_seq = htons((u_int16_t)(ntransmitted)); 842 843 /* clear the cached route in the kernel after an ICMP 844 * response such as a Redirect is seen to stop causing 845 * more such packets. Also clear the cached route 846 * periodically in case of routing changes that make 847 * black holes come and go. 848 */ 849 if (clear_cache.tv_sec != now.tv_sec) { 850 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 851 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ~ident; 852 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 853 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_int16_t *)&opack_icmp, 854 phdrlen); 855 sw = 0; 856 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 857 (char *)&sw,sizeof(sw)) < 0) 858 err(1, "Can't turn off special IP header"); 859 if (prog_sendto(sloop, (char *) &opack_icmp, 860 phdrlen, MSG_DONTROUTE, 861 (struct sockaddr *)&loc_addr, 862 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) < 0) { 863 /* 864 * XXX: we only report this as a warning in verbose 865 * mode because people get confused when they see 866 * this error when they are running in single user 867 * mode and they have not configured lo0 868 */ 869 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 870 warn("failed to clear cached route"); 871 } 872 sw = 1; 873 if (prog_setsockopt(sloop,IPPROTO_IP,IP_HDRINCL, 874 (char *)&sw, sizeof(sw)) < 0) 875 err(1, "Can't set special IP header"); 876 877 (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &clear_cache); 878 } 879 880 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 881 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ident; 882 883 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 884 tv32.tv32_sec = (uint32_t)htonl(now.tv_sec); 885 tv32.tv32_usec = htonl(now.tv_nsec / 1000); 886 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &tv32, sizeof(tv32)); 887 } else if (pingflags & F_TIMING64) 888 (void) memcpy(&opack_icmp.icmp_data[0], &now, sizeof(now)); 889 890 cc = datalen + phdrlen; 891 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 892 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_int16_t *)&opack_icmp, cc); 893 894 cc += opack_ip->ip_hl<<2; 895 opack_ip->ip_len = cc; 896 i = prog_sendto(s, (char *) opack_ip, cc, 0, 897 (struct sockaddr *)&send_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); 898 if (i != cc) { 899 jiggle_flush(1); 900 if (i < 0) 901 warn("sendto"); 902 else 903 warnx("wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d", hostname, cc, i); 904 (void)fflush(stderr); 905 } 906 lastrcvd = 0; 907 908 CLR(ntransmitted); 909 ntransmitted++; 910 911 last_tx = now; 912 if (next_tx.tv_sec == 0) { 913 first_tx = now; 914 next_tx = now; 915 } 916 917 /* Transmit regularly, at always the same microsecond in the 918 * second when going at one packet per second. 919 * If we are at most 100 ms behind, send extras to get caught up. 920 * Otherwise, skip packets we were too slow to send. 921 */ 922 if (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) <= interval) { 923 do { 924 timespecadd(&next_tx, &interval_tv, &next_tx); 925 } while (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) < -0.1); 926 } 927 928 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 929 jiggle(1); 930 931 /* While the packet is going out, ready buffer for the next 932 * packet. Use a fast but not very good random number generator. 933 */ 934 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 935 rnd_fill(); 936 } 937 938 939 static void 940 pr_pack_sub(int cc, 941 char *addr, 942 int seqno, 943 int dupflag, 944 int ttl, 945 double triptime) 946 { 947 jiggle_flush(1); 948 949 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 950 return; 951 952 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, addr, seqno); 953 if (dupflag) 954 (void)printf(" DUP!"); 955 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ttl); 956 if (pingflags & (F_TIMING|F_TIMING64)) 957 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime*1000.0); 958 959 /* 960 * Send beep to stderr, since that's more likely than stdout 961 * to go to a terminal.. 962 */ 963 if (pingflags & F_AUDIBLE && !dupflag) 964 (void)fprintf(stderr,"\a"); 965 } 966 967 968 /* 969 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 970 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 971 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 972 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 973 */ 974 static void 975 pr_pack(u_char *buf, 976 int tot_len, 977 struct sockaddr_in *from) 978 { 979 struct ip *ip; 980 struct icmp *icp; 981 int i, j, net_len; 982 u_char *cp; 983 static int old_rrlen; 984 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 985 int hlen, dupflag = 0, dumped; 986 double triptime = 0.0; 987 #define PR_PACK_SUB() {if (!dumped) { \ 988 dumped = 1; \ 989 pr_pack_sub(net_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr), \ 990 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq), \ 991 dupflag, ip->ip_ttl, triptime);}} 992 993 /* Check the IP header */ 994 ip = (struct ip *) buf; 995 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 996 if (tot_len < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 997 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 998 jiggle_flush(1); 999 (void)printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", 1000 tot_len, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 1001 } 1002 return; 1003 } 1004 1005 /* Now the ICMP part */ 1006 dumped = 0; 1007 net_len = tot_len - hlen; 1008 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 1009 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY 1010 && icp->icmp_id == ident) { 1011 struct timespec tv; 1012 1013 if (icp->icmp_seq == htons((u_int16_t)(ntransmitted-1))) 1014 lastrcvd = 1; 1015 last_rx = now; 1016 if (first_rx.tv_sec == 0) 1017 first_rx = last_rx; 1018 nreceived++; 1019 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 1020 struct tv32 tv32; 1021 1022 (void) memcpy(&tv32, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv32)); 1023 tv.tv_sec = (uint32_t)ntohl(tv32.tv32_sec); 1024 tv.tv_nsec = ntohl(tv32.tv32_usec) * 1000; 1025 } else if (pingflags & F_TIMING64) 1026 (void) memcpy(&tv, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv)); 1027 1028 if (pingflags & (F_TIMING|F_TIMING64)) { 1029 triptime = diffsec(&last_rx, &tv); 1030 tsum += triptime; 1031 tsumsq += triptime * triptime; 1032 if (triptime < tmin) 1033 tmin = triptime; 1034 if (triptime > tmax) 1035 tmax = triptime; 1036 } 1037 1038 if (TST(ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq))) { 1039 nrepeats++, nreceived--; 1040 dupflag=1; 1041 } else { 1042 SET(ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq)); 1043 } 1044 1045 if (tot_len != opack_ip->ip_len) { 1046 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1047 switch (opack_ip->ip_len - tot_len) { 1048 case MAX_IPOPTLEN: 1049 if ((pongflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) != 0) 1050 break; 1051 if ((pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) == 0) 1052 goto out; 1053 pongflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 1054 (void)printf("\nremote host does not " 1055 "support record route"); 1056 break; 1057 case 8: 1058 if ((pongflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) != 0) 1059 break; 1060 if ((pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) == 0) 1061 goto out; 1062 pongflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 1063 (void)printf("\nremote host does not " 1064 "support source route"); 1065 break; 1066 default: 1067 out: 1068 (void)printf("\nwrong total length %d " 1069 "instead of %d", tot_len, opack_ip->ip_len); 1070 break; 1071 } 1072 } 1073 1074 if (!dupflag) { 1075 static u_int16_t last_seqno = 0xffff; 1076 u_int16_t seqno = ntohs((u_int16_t)icp->icmp_seq); 1077 u_int16_t gap = seqno - (last_seqno + 1); 1078 if (gap > 0 && gap < 0x8000 && 1079 (pingflags & F_VERBOSE)) { 1080 (void)printf("[*** sequence gap of %u " 1081 "packets from %u ... %u ***]\n", gap, 1082 (u_int16_t) (last_seqno + 1), 1083 (u_int16_t) (seqno - 1)); 1084 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 1085 summary(0); 1086 } 1087 1088 if (gap < 0x8000) 1089 last_seqno = seqno; 1090 } 1091 1092 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 1093 return; 1094 1095 if (!(pingflags & F_FLOOD)) 1096 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1097 1098 /* check the data */ 1099 if (datalen > phdrlen 1100 && !(pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 1101 && memcmp(icp->icmp_data + phdrlen, 1102 opack_icmp.icmp_data + phdrlen, 1103 datalen - phdrlen)) { 1104 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) { 1105 if (icp->icmp_data[i] != 1106 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i]) 1107 break; 1108 } 1109 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1110 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should have been" 1111 " %#x but was %#x", i, 1112 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[i], 1113 (u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 1114 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) { 1115 if ((i % 16) == phdrlen) 1116 (void)printf("\n\t"); 1117 (void)printf("%2x ",(u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 1118 } 1119 } 1120 1121 } else { 1122 if (!pr_icmph(icp, from, net_len)) 1123 return; 1124 dumped = 2; 1125 } 1126 1127 /* Display any IP options */ 1128 cp = buf + sizeof(struct ip); 1129 while (hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 1130 switch (*cp) { 1131 case IPOPT_EOL: 1132 hlen = 0; 1133 break; 1134 case IPOPT_LSRR: 1135 hlen -= 2; 1136 j = *++cp; 1137 ++cp; 1138 j -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 1139 if (j <= 0) 1140 continue; 1141 if (dumped <= 1) { 1142 j = ((j+3)/4)*4; 1143 hlen -= j; 1144 cp += j; 1145 break; 1146 } 1147 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1148 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 1149 for (;;) { 1150 pr_saddr(cp); 1151 cp += 4; 1152 hlen -= 4; 1153 j -= 4; 1154 if (j <= 0) 1155 break; 1156 (void)putchar('\n'); 1157 } 1158 break; 1159 case IPOPT_RR: 1160 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 1161 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 1162 hlen -= 2; 1163 if (i > j) 1164 i = j; 1165 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 1166 if (i <= 0) 1167 continue; 1168 if (dumped <= 1) { 1169 if (i == old_rrlen 1170 && !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i)) { 1171 if (dumped) 1172 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 1173 j = ((i+3)/4)*4; 1174 hlen -= j; 1175 cp += j; 1176 break; 1177 } 1178 old_rrlen = i; 1179 (void) memcpy(old_rr, cp, i); 1180 } 1181 if (!dumped) { 1182 jiggle_flush(1); 1183 (void)printf("RR: "); 1184 dumped = 1; 1185 } else { 1186 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 1187 } 1188 for (;;) { 1189 pr_saddr(cp); 1190 cp += 4; 1191 hlen -= 4; 1192 i -= 4; 1193 if (i <= 0) 1194 break; 1195 (void)putchar('\n'); 1196 } 1197 break; 1198 case IPOPT_NOP: 1199 if (dumped <= 1) 1200 break; 1201 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1202 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 1203 break; 1204 #ifdef sgi 1205 case IPOPT_SECURITY: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO BSO */ 1206 case IPOPT_ESO: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO ESO */ 1207 case IPOPT_CIPSO: /* Commercial IPSO */ 1208 if ((sysconf(_SC_IP_SECOPTS)) > 0) { 1209 i = (unsigned)cp[1]; 1210 hlen -= i - 1; 1211 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1212 (void)printf("\nSEC:"); 1213 while (i--) { 1214 (void)printf(" %02x", *cp++); 1215 } 1216 cp--; 1217 break; 1218 } 1219 #endif 1220 default: 1221 PR_PACK_SUB(); 1222 (void)printf("\nunknown option 0x%x", *cp); 1223 break; 1224 } 1225 hlen--; 1226 cp++; 1227 } 1228 1229 if (dumped) { 1230 (void)putchar('\n'); 1231 (void)fflush(stdout); 1232 } else { 1233 jiggle(-1); 1234 } 1235 } 1236 1237 1238 /* Compute the IP checksum 1239 * This assumes the packet is less than 32K long. 1240 */ 1241 static u_int16_t 1242 in_cksum(u_int16_t *p, u_int len) 1243 { 1244 u_int32_t sum = 0; 1245 int nwords = len >> 1; 1246 1247 while (nwords-- != 0) 1248 sum += *p++; 1249 1250 if (len & 1) { 1251 union { 1252 u_int16_t w; 1253 u_int8_t c[2]; 1254 } u; 1255 u.c[0] = *(u_char *)p; 1256 u.c[1] = 0; 1257 sum += u.w; 1258 } 1259 1260 /* end-around-carry */ 1261 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); 1262 sum += (sum >> 16); 1263 return (~sum); 1264 } 1265 1266 1267 /* 1268 * compute the difference of two timespecs in seconds 1269 */ 1270 static double 1271 diffsec(struct timespec *timenow, 1272 struct timespec *then) 1273 { 1274 if (timenow->tv_sec == 0) 1275 return -1; 1276 return (timenow->tv_sec - then->tv_sec) 1277 * 1.0 + (timenow->tv_nsec - then->tv_nsec) / 1000000000.0; 1278 } 1279 1280 1281 #if 0 1282 static void 1283 timespecadd(struct timespec *t1, 1284 struct timespec *t2) 1285 { 1286 1287 t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec; 1288 if ((t1->tv_nsec += t2->tv_nsec) >= 1000000000) { 1289 t1->tv_sec++; 1290 t1->tv_nsec -= 1000000000; 1291 } 1292 } 1293 #endif 1294 1295 1296 static void 1297 sec_to_timespec(const double sec, struct timespec *tp) 1298 { 1299 tp->tv_sec = sec; 1300 tp->tv_nsec = (sec - tp->tv_sec) * 1000000000.0; 1301 } 1302 1303 1304 static double 1305 timespec_to_sec(const struct timespec *tp) 1306 { 1307 return tp->tv_sec + tp->tv_nsec / 1000000000.0; 1308 } 1309 1310 1311 /* 1312 * Print statistics. 1313 * Heavily buffered STDIO is used here, so that all the statistics 1314 * will be written with 1 sys-write call. This is nice when more 1315 * than one copy of the program is running on a terminal; it prevents 1316 * the statistics output from becomming intermingled. 1317 */ 1318 static void 1319 summary(int header) 1320 { 1321 jiggle_flush(1); 1322 1323 if (header) 1324 (void)printf("\n----%s PING Statistics----\n", hostname); 1325 (void)printf("%d packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1326 (void)printf("%d packets received, ", nreceived); 1327 if (nrepeats) 1328 (void)printf("+%d duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1329 if (ntransmitted) { 1330 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1331 (void)printf("-- somebody's duplicating packets!"); 1332 else 1333 (void)printf("%.1f%% packet loss", 1334 (((ntransmitted-nreceived)*100.0) / 1335 ntransmitted)); 1336 } 1337 (void)printf("\n"); 1338 if (nreceived && (pingflags & (F_TIMING|F_TIMING64))) { 1339 double n = nreceived + nrepeats; 1340 double avg = (tsum / n); 1341 double variance = 0.0; 1342 if (n>1) 1343 variance = (tsumsq - n*avg*avg) /(n-1); 1344 1345 printf("round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = " 1346 "%.3f/%.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1347 tmin * 1000.0, avg * 1000.0, 1348 tmax * 1000.0, sqrt(variance) * 1000.0); 1349 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) { 1350 double r = diffsec(&last_rx, &first_rx); 1351 double t = diffsec(&last_tx, &first_tx); 1352 if (r == 0) 1353 r = 0.0001; 1354 if (t == 0) 1355 t = 0.0001; 1356 (void)printf(" %.1f packets/sec sent, " 1357 " %.1f packets/sec received\n", 1358 ntransmitted/t, nreceived/r); 1359 } 1360 } 1361 } 1362 1363 1364 /* 1365 * Print statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1366 */ 1367 /* ARGSUSED */ 1368 static void 1369 prtsig(int dummy) 1370 { 1371 1372 summary(0); 1373 #ifndef SIGINFO 1374 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 1375 #endif 1376 } 1377 1378 1379 /* 1380 * On the first SIGINT, allow any outstanding packets to dribble in 1381 */ 1382 static void 1383 prefinish(int dummy) 1384 { 1385 if (lastrcvd /* quit now if caught up */ 1386 || nreceived == 0) /* or if remote is dead */ 1387 finish(0); 1388 1389 (void)signal(dummy, finish); /* do this only the 1st time */ 1390 1391 if (npackets > ntransmitted) /* let the normal limit work */ 1392 npackets = ntransmitted; 1393 } 1394 1395 /* 1396 * Print statistics and give up. 1397 */ 1398 /* ARGSUSED */ 1399 static void 1400 finish(int dummy) 1401 { 1402 #ifdef SIGINFO 1403 (void)signal(SIGINFO, SIG_DFL); 1404 #else 1405 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL); 1406 #endif 1407 1408 summary(1); 1409 exit(nreceived > 0 ? 0 : 2); 1410 } 1411 1412 1413 static int /* 0=do not print it */ 1414 ck_pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1415 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1416 int cc, 1417 int override) /* 1=override VERBOSE if interesting */ 1418 { 1419 int hlen; 1420 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1421 struct icmp icp2b, *icp2 = &icp2b; 1422 int res; 1423 1424 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1425 res = 1; 1426 jiggle_flush(1); 1427 } else { 1428 res = 0; 1429 } 1430 1431 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1432 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1433 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP 1434 && hlen + 6 <= cc) { 1435 (void) memcpy(icp2, &icp->icmp_data[hlen], sizeof(*icp2)); 1436 if (icp2->icmp_id == ident) { 1437 /* remember to clear route cached in kernel 1438 * if this non-Echo-Reply ICMP message was for one 1439 * of our packets. 1440 */ 1441 clear_cache.tv_sec = 0; 1442 1443 if (!res && override 1444 && (pingflags & (F_QUIET|F_SEMI_QUIET)) == 0) { 1445 jiggle_flush(1); 1446 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", 1447 cc, pr_addr(&from->sin_addr)); 1448 res = 1; 1449 } 1450 } 1451 } 1452 1453 return res; 1454 } 1455 1456 1457 /* 1458 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header other than an echo reply. 1459 */ 1460 static int /* 0=printed nothing */ 1461 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1462 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1463 int cc) 1464 { 1465 switch (icp->icmp_type ) { 1466 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1467 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1468 return 0; 1469 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1470 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1471 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable"); 1472 break; 1473 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1474 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable"); 1475 break; 1476 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1477 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable"); 1478 break; 1479 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1480 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable"); 1481 break; 1482 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1483 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set. Next MTU=%d", 1484 ntohs(icp->icmp_nextmtu)); 1485 break; 1486 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1487 (void)printf("Source Route Failed"); 1488 break; 1489 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: 1490 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown net"); 1491 break; 1492 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: 1493 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown host"); 1494 break; 1495 case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: 1496 (void)printf("Unreachable host isolated"); 1497 break; 1498 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: 1499 (void)printf("Net prohibited access"); 1500 break; 1501 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: 1502 (void)printf("Host prohibited access"); 1503 break; 1504 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: 1505 (void)printf("Bad TOS for net"); 1506 break; 1507 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: 1508 (void)printf("Bad TOS for host"); 1509 break; 1510 case 13: 1511 (void)printf("Communication prohibited"); 1512 break; 1513 case 14: 1514 (void)printf("Host precedence violation"); 1515 break; 1516 case 15: 1517 (void)printf("Precedence cutoff"); 1518 break; 1519 default: 1520 (void)printf("Bad Destination Unreachable Code: %d", 1521 icp->icmp_code); 1522 break; 1523 } 1524 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1525 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1526 break; 1527 1528 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1529 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1530 return 0; 1531 (void)printf("Source Quench"); 1532 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1533 break; 1534 1535 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1536 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1537 return 0; 1538 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1539 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1540 (void)printf("Redirect Network"); 1541 break; 1542 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1543 (void)printf("Redirect Host"); 1544 break; 1545 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1546 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); 1547 break; 1548 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1549 (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); 1550 break; 1551 default: 1552 (void)printf("Redirect--Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1553 break; 1554 } 1555 (void)printf(" New router addr: %s", 1556 pr_addr(&icp->icmp_hun.ih_gwaddr)); 1557 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1558 break; 1559 1560 case ICMP_ECHO: 1561 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1562 return 0; 1563 (void)printf("Echo Request: ID=%d seq=%d", 1564 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1565 break; 1566 1567 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1568 /* displaying other's pings is too noisey */ 1569 #if 0 1570 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1571 return 0; 1572 (void)printf("Echo Reply: ID=%d seq=%d", 1573 ntohs(icp->icmp_id), ntohs(icp->icmp_seq)); 1574 break; 1575 #else 1576 return 0; 1577 #endif 1578 1579 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1580 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1581 return 0; 1582 (void)printf("Router Discovery Advert"); 1583 break; 1584 1585 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1586 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1587 return 0; 1588 (void)printf("Router Discovery Solicit"); 1589 break; 1590 1591 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1592 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1593 return 0; 1594 switch (icp->icmp_code ) { 1595 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1596 (void)printf("Time To Live exceeded"); 1597 break; 1598 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1599 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded"); 1600 break; 1601 default: 1602 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d", 1603 icp->icmp_code); 1604 break; 1605 } 1606 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1607 break; 1608 1609 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1610 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1611 return 0; 1612 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x", 1613 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1614 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1615 break; 1616 1617 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1618 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1619 return 0; 1620 (void)printf("Timestamp"); 1621 break; 1622 1623 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1624 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1625 return 0; 1626 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply"); 1627 break; 1628 1629 case ICMP_IREQ: 1630 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1631 return 0; 1632 (void)printf("Information Request"); 1633 break; 1634 1635 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1636 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1637 return 0; 1638 (void)printf("Information Reply"); 1639 break; 1640 1641 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1642 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1643 return 0; 1644 (void)printf("Address Mask Request"); 1645 break; 1646 1647 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1648 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1649 return 0; 1650 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply"); 1651 break; 1652 1653 default: 1654 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1655 return 0; 1656 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp_type); 1657 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1658 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1659 } 1660 1661 return 1; 1662 } 1663 1664 1665 /* 1666 * Print an IP header with options. 1667 */ 1668 static void 1669 pr_iph(struct icmp *icp, 1670 int cc) 1671 { 1672 int hlen; 1673 u_char *cp; 1674 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1675 1676 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1677 1678 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1679 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[20]; /* point to options */ 1680 1681 (void)printf("\n Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1682 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1683 ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); 1684 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", 1685 ((ip->ip_off)&0xe000)>>13, (ip->ip_off)&0x1fff); 1686 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", 1687 ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); 1688 (void)printf(" %15s ", 1689 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_src.s_addr)); 1690 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->ip_dst.s_addr)); 1691 /* dump any option bytes */ 1692 while (hlen-- > 20 && cp < (u_char*)icp+cc) { 1693 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1694 } 1695 } 1696 1697 /* 1698 * Print an ASCII host address starting from a string of bytes. 1699 */ 1700 static void 1701 pr_saddr(u_char *cp) 1702 { 1703 n_long l; 1704 struct in_addr addr; 1705 1706 l = (u_char)*++cp; 1707 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1708 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1709 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1710 addr.s_addr = htonl(l); 1711 (void)printf("\t%s", (l == 0) ? "0.0.0.0" : pr_addr(&addr)); 1712 } 1713 1714 1715 /* 1716 * Return an ASCII host address 1717 * as a dotted quad and optionally with a hostname 1718 */ 1719 static char * 1720 pr_addr(struct in_addr *addr) /* in network order */ 1721 { 1722 struct hostent *hp; 1723 static char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN+4+16+1]; 1724 1725 if ((pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1726 || !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)addr, sizeof(*addr), AF_INET))) { 1727 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1728 } else { 1729 (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, 1730 inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1731 } 1732 1733 return buf; 1734 } 1735 1736 /* 1737 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1738 */ 1739 static void 1740 pr_retip(struct icmp *icp, 1741 int cc) 1742 { 1743 int hlen; 1744 u_char *cp; 1745 struct ip ipb, *ip = &ipb; 1746 1747 (void) memcpy(ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(*ip)); 1748 1749 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1750 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1751 1752 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 1753 cp = (u_char *) &icp->icmp_data[hlen]; 1754 1755 if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_TCP) { 1756 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1757 (void)printf("\n TCP: from port %u, to port %u", 1758 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1759 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1760 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1761 (void)printf("\n UDP: from port %u, to port %u", 1762 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1763 } else if (ip->ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) { 1764 struct icmp icp2; 1765 (void) memcpy(&icp2, cp, sizeof(icp2)); 1766 if (icp2.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) { 1767 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1768 (void)printf("\n ID=%u icmp_seq=%u", 1769 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp2.icmp_id), 1770 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1771 else 1772 (void)printf(" for icmp_seq=%u", 1773 ntohs((u_int16_t)icp2.icmp_seq)); 1774 } 1775 } 1776 } 1777 1778 static void 1779 fill(void) 1780 { 1781 int i, j, k; 1782 char *cp; 1783 int pat[16]; 1784 1785 for (cp = fill_pat; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 1786 if (!isxdigit((unsigned char)*cp)) 1787 break; 1788 } 1789 if (cp == fill_pat || *cp != '\0' || (cp-fill_pat) > 16*2) { 1790 (void)fflush(stdout); 1791 errx(1, "\"-p %s\": patterns must be specified with" 1792 " 1-32 hex digits\n", 1793 fill_pat); 1794 } 1795 1796 i = sscanf(fill_pat, 1797 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1798 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], 1799 &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], &pat[7], 1800 &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], 1801 &pat[12], &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1802 1803 for (k = phdrlen, j = 0; k <= datalen; k++) { 1804 opack_icmp.icmp_data[k] = pat[j]; 1805 if (++j >= i) 1806 j = 0; 1807 } 1808 1809 if (!(pingflags & F_QUIET)) { 1810 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1811 for (j=0; j<i; j++) 1812 (void)printf("%02x", 1813 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[phdrlen + j]); 1814 (void)printf("\n"); 1815 } 1816 1817 } 1818 1819 1820 static void 1821 rnd_fill(void) 1822 { 1823 static u_int32_t rnd; 1824 int i; 1825 1826 for (i = phdrlen; i < datalen; i++) { 1827 rnd = (3141592621U * rnd + 663896637U); 1828 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = rnd>>24; 1829 } 1830 } 1831 1832 1833 static void 1834 gethost(const char *arg, 1835 const char *name, 1836 struct sockaddr_in *sa, 1837 char *realname, 1838 int realname_len) 1839 { 1840 struct hostent *hp; 1841 1842 (void)memset(sa, 0, sizeof(*sa)); 1843 sa->sin_family = AF_INET; 1844 sa->sin_len = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in); 1845 1846 /* If it is an IP address, try to convert it to a name to 1847 * have something nice to display. 1848 */ 1849 if (inet_aton(name, &sa->sin_addr) != 0) { 1850 if (realname) { 1851 if (pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1852 hp = 0; 1853 else 1854 hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&sa->sin_addr, 1855 sizeof(sa->sin_addr), 1856 AF_INET); 1857 (void)strlcpy(realname, hp ? hp->h_name : name, 1858 realname_len); 1859 } 1860 return; 1861 } 1862 1863 hp = gethostbyname(name); 1864 if (!hp) 1865 errx(1, "Cannot resolve \"%s\" (%s)",name,hstrerror(h_errno)); 1866 1867 if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) 1868 errx(1, "%s only supported with IP", arg); 1869 1870 (void)memcpy(&sa->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(sa->sin_addr)); 1871 1872 if (realname) 1873 (void)strlcpy(realname, hp->h_name, realname_len); 1874 } 1875 1876 1877 static void 1878 usage(void) 1879 { 1880 #ifdef IPSEC 1881 #ifdef IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC 1882 #define IPSECOPT "\n [-E policy] " 1883 #else 1884 #define IPSECOPT "\n [-AE] " 1885 #endif /*IPSEC_POLICY_IPSEC*/ 1886 #else 1887 #define IPSECOPT "" 1888 #endif /*IPSEC*/ 1889 1890 (void)fprintf(stderr, "usage: \n" 1891 "%s [-aCDdfLnoPQqRrv] [-c count] [-g gateway] [-h host]" 1892 " [-I addr] [-i interval]\n" 1893 " [-l preload] [-p pattern] [-s size] [-T ttl] [-t tos]" 1894 " [-w maxwait] " IPSECOPT "host\n", 1895 getprogname()); 1896 exit(1); 1897 } 1898