1 /* $NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.29 1997/04/02 09:22:01 augustss Exp $ */ 2 3 /* 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by 8 * Mike Muuss. 9 * 10 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 11 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 12 * are met: 13 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 14 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 15 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 16 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 17 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 18 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software 19 * must display the following acknowledgement: 20 * This product includes software developed by the University of 21 * California, Berkeley and its contributors. 22 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 23 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 24 * without specific prior written permission. 25 * 26 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 27 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 28 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 29 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 30 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 31 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 32 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 33 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 34 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 35 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 36 * SUCH DAMAGE. 37 */ 38 /* 39 * P I N G . C 40 * 41 * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, 42 * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. 43 * 44 * Author - 45 * Mike Muuss 46 * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory 47 * December, 1983 48 * Modified at Uc Berkeley 49 * Record Route and verbose headers - Phil Dykstra, BRL, March 1988. 50 * Multicast options (ttl, if, loop) - Steve Deering, Stanford, August 1988. 51 * ttl, duplicate detection - Cliff Frost, UCB, April 1989 52 * Pad pattern - Cliff Frost (from Tom Ferrin, UCSF), April 1989 53 * 54 * Status - 55 * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. 56 * 57 * Bugs - 58 * More statistics could always be gathered. 59 * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. 60 */ 61 62 #ifndef lint 63 static char rcsid[] = "$NetBSD: ping.c,v 1.29 1997/04/02 09:22:01 augustss Exp $"; 64 #endif 65 66 #include <stdio.h> 67 #include <errno.h> 68 #include <sys/time.h> 69 #include <sys/types.h> 70 #include <sys/signal.h> 71 #include <sys/param.h> 72 #include <sys/socket.h> 73 #include <sys/file.h> 74 #include <termios.h> 75 #include <stdlib.h> 76 #include <unistd.h> 77 #include <limits.h> 78 #include <math.h> 79 #include <string.h> 80 #include <err.h> 81 #ifdef sgi 82 #include <bstring.h> 83 #include <getopt.h> 84 #include <sys/prctl.h> 85 #include <sys/schedctl.h> 86 #endif 87 88 #include <netinet/in_systm.h> 89 #include <netinet/in.h> 90 #include <netinet/ip.h> 91 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> 92 #include <netinet/ip_var.h> 93 #include <arpa/inet.h> 94 #include <ctype.h> 95 #include <netdb.h> 96 97 #define FLOOD_INTVL 0.01 /* default flood output interval */ 98 #define MAXPACKET (65536-60-8) /* max packet size */ 99 100 #define F_VERBOSE 0x0001 101 #define F_QUIET 0x0002 /* minimize all output */ 102 #define F_SEMI_QUIET 0x0004 /* ignore our ICMP errors */ 103 #define F_FLOOD 0x0008 /* flood-ping */ 104 #define F_RECORD_ROUTE 0x0010 /* record route */ 105 #define F_SOURCE_ROUTE 0x0020 /* loose source route */ 106 #define F_PING_FILLED 0x0040 /* is buffer filled with user data? */ 107 #define F_PING_RANDOM 0x0080 /* use random data */ 108 #define F_NUMERIC 0x0100 /* do not do gethostbyaddr() calls */ 109 #define F_TIMING 0x0200 /* room for a timestamp */ 110 #define F_TTL 0x0400 /* Time to live */ 111 #define F_HDRINCL 0x0800 /* Include our ip headers */ 112 #define F_SOURCE_ADDR 0x1000 /* Source address */ 113 #define F_ONCE 0x2000 /* exit(0) after receiving 1 reply */ 114 115 #define MULTICAST_NOLOOP 1 /* multicast options */ 116 #define MULTICAST_TTL 2 117 #define MULTICAST_IF 4 118 119 /* MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, the 120 * maximum number of received sequence numbers we can track to check 121 * for duplicates. 122 */ 123 #define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 2048) 124 u_char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK/8]; 125 int nrepeats = 0; 126 #define A(seq) rcvd_tbl[(seq/8)%sizeof(rcvd_tbl)] /* byte in array */ 127 #define B(seq) (1 << (seq & 0x07)) /* bit in byte */ 128 #define SET(seq) (A(seq) |= B(seq)) 129 #define CLR(seq) (A(seq) &= (~B(seq))) 130 #define TST(seq) (A(seq) & B(seq)) 131 132 133 134 u_char *packet; 135 int packlen; 136 int pingflags = 0, options, moptions; 137 char *fill_pat; 138 139 int s; /* Socket file descriptor */ 140 141 #define PHDR_LEN sizeof(struct timeval) /* size of timestamp header */ 142 struct sockaddr_in whereto, send_addr; /* Who to ping */ 143 struct sockaddr_in loc_addr; /* 127.1 */ 144 int datalen = 64-PHDR_LEN; /* How much data */ 145 146 extern char *__progname; 147 148 149 char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; 150 151 static struct { 152 struct ip o_ip; 153 union { 154 u_char u_buf[MAXPACKET - sizeof(struct ip)]; 155 struct icmp u_icmp; 156 } o_u; 157 } out_pack; 158 #define opack_icmp out_pack.o_u.u_icmp 159 #define opack_ip out_pack.o_ip 160 161 int npackets; /* total packets to send */ 162 int preload; /* number of packets to "preload" */ 163 int ntransmitted; /* output sequence # = #sent */ 164 int ident; 165 166 int nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ 167 168 double interval; /* interval between packets */ 169 struct timeval interval_tv; 170 double tmin = 999999999; 171 double tmax = 0; 172 double tsum = 0; /* sum of all times */ 173 double maxwait = 0; 174 175 #ifdef SIGINFO 176 int reset_kerninfo; 177 #endif 178 179 int bufspace = 60*1024; 180 char optspace[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; /* record route space */ 181 int optlen; 182 183 struct timeval now, clear_cache, last_tx, next_tx, first_tx; 184 struct timeval last_rx, first_rx; 185 int lastrcvd = 1; /* last ping sent has been received */ 186 187 static struct timeval jiggle_time; 188 static int jiggle_cnt, total_jiggled, jiggle_direction = -1; 189 190 static void doit(void); 191 static void prefinish(int); 192 static void prtsig(int); 193 static void finish(int); 194 static void summary(int); 195 static void pinger(void); 196 static void fill(void); 197 static void rnd_fill(void); 198 static double diffsec(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 199 static void timevaladd(struct timeval *, struct timeval *); 200 static void sec_to_timeval(const double, struct timeval *); 201 static double timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *); 202 static void pr_pack(u_char *, int, struct sockaddr_in *); 203 static u_short in_cksum(u_short *, u_int); 204 static void pr_saddr(char *, u_char *); 205 static char *pr_addr(struct in_addr *); 206 static void pr_iph(struct icmp *, int); 207 static void pr_retip(struct icmp *, int); 208 static int pr_icmph(struct icmp *, struct sockaddr_in *, int); 209 static void jiggle(int), jiggle_flush(int); 210 static void gethost(const char *, struct sockaddr_in *, char *); 211 static void usage(void); 212 213 214 int 215 main(int argc, char *argv[]) 216 { 217 int c, i, on = 1; 218 struct sockaddr_in ifaddr; 219 char *p; 220 u_char ttl = MAXTTL, loop = 1, df = 0; 221 int tos = 0; 222 int mcast; 223 #ifdef SIGINFO 224 struct termios ts; 225 #endif 226 227 228 #ifdef SIGINFO 229 if (tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 230 reset_kerninfo = !(ts.c_lflag & NOKERNINFO); 231 ts.c_lflag |= NOKERNINFO; 232 tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &ts); 233 } 234 #endif 235 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:dDfg:h:i:I:l:Lnop:PqRQrs:t:T:vw:")) != -1) { 236 switch (c) { 237 case 'c': 238 npackets = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 239 if (*p != '\0' || npackets <= 0) 240 errx(1, "Bad/invalid number of packets"); 241 break; 242 case 'D': 243 options |= F_HDRINCL; 244 df = -1; 245 break; 246 case 'd': 247 options |= SO_DEBUG; 248 break; 249 case 'f': 250 pingflags |= F_FLOOD; 251 break; 252 case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ 253 interval = strtod(optarg, &p); 254 if (*p != '\0' || interval <= 0) 255 errx(1, "Bad/invalid interval"); 256 break; 257 case 'l': 258 preload = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 259 if (*p != '\0' || preload < 0) 260 errx(1, "Bad/invalid preload value"); 261 break; 262 case 'n': 263 pingflags |= F_NUMERIC; 264 break; 265 case 'o': 266 pingflags |= F_ONCE; 267 break; 268 case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ 269 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 270 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 271 pingflags |= F_PING_FILLED; 272 fill_pat = optarg; 273 break; 274 case 'P': 275 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) 276 errx(1, "Only one of -P and -p allowed"); 277 pingflags |= F_PING_RANDOM; 278 break; 279 case 'q': 280 pingflags |= F_QUIET; 281 break; 282 case 'Q': 283 pingflags |= F_SEMI_QUIET; 284 break; 285 case 'r': 286 options |= SO_DONTROUTE; 287 break; 288 case 's': /* size of packet to send */ 289 datalen = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 290 if (*p != '\0' || datalen <= 0) 291 errx(1, "Bad/invalid packet size"); 292 if (datalen > MAXPACKET) 293 errx(1, "packet size is too large"); 294 break; 295 case 'v': 296 pingflags |= F_VERBOSE; 297 break; 298 case 'R': 299 pingflags |= F_RECORD_ROUTE; 300 break; 301 case 'L': 302 moptions |= MULTICAST_NOLOOP; 303 loop = 0; 304 break; 305 case 't': 306 options |= F_TTL; 307 ttl = strtol(optarg, &p, 0); 308 if (*p != '\0' || ttl > 255 || ttl <= 0) 309 errx(1, "Bad/invalid ttl"); 310 break; 311 case 'T': 312 options |= F_HDRINCL; 313 tos = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0); 314 if (tos > 0xFF) 315 errx(1, "bad tos value: %s", optarg); 316 break; 317 case 'I': 318 options |= F_SOURCE_ADDR; 319 gethost(optarg, &ifaddr, NULL); 320 321 break; 322 case 'g': 323 pingflags |= F_SOURCE_ROUTE; 324 gethost(optarg, &send_addr, NULL); 325 break; 326 case 'w': 327 maxwait = strtod(optarg, &p); 328 if (*p != '\0' || maxwait <= 0) 329 errx(1, "Bad/invalid maxwait time"); 330 break; 331 default: 332 usage(); 333 break; 334 } 335 } 336 337 if (interval == 0) 338 interval = (pingflags & F_FLOOD) ? FLOOD_INTVL : 1.0; 339 #ifndef sgi 340 if (interval < 1.0 && getuid()) 341 errx(1, "Must be superuser to use < 1 sec ping interval"); 342 #endif 343 sec_to_timeval(interval, &interval_tv); 344 345 if (npackets != 0) { 346 npackets += preload; 347 } else { 348 npackets = INT_MAX; 349 } 350 351 if (optind != argc-1) 352 usage(); 353 354 gethost(argv[optind], &whereto, hostname); 355 356 mcast = IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr)); 357 358 if (options & F_SOURCE_ADDR) { 359 if (mcast) 360 moptions |= MULTICAST_IF; 361 else { 362 if (bind(s, (struct sockaddr*) &ifaddr, 363 sizeof(ifaddr)) == -1) 364 err(1, "bind failed"); 365 } 366 } 367 if (options & F_TTL) { 368 if (mcast) 369 moptions |= MULTICAST_TTL; 370 else 371 options |= F_HDRINCL; 372 } 373 374 if (options & F_RECORD_ROUTE && options & F_HDRINCL) 375 errx(1, "-R option and -D or -T, or -t to unicast destinations" 376 " are incompatible"); 377 378 if (!(pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE)) 379 (void) memcpy(&send_addr, &whereto, sizeof(send_addr)); 380 381 loc_addr.sin_family = AF_INET; 382 loc_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((127<<24)+1); 383 384 if (datalen >= PHDR_LEN) /* can we time them? */ 385 pingflags |= F_TIMING; 386 packlen = datalen + 60 + 76; /* MAXIP + MAXICMP */ 387 if ((packet = (u_char *)malloc(packlen)) == NULL) 388 err(1, "Out of memory"); 389 390 if (pingflags & F_PING_FILLED) { 391 fill(); 392 } else if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) { 393 rnd_fill(); 394 } else { 395 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) 396 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = i; 397 } 398 399 ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; 400 401 if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP)) == -1) 402 err(1, "Cannot create socket"); 403 404 if (options & SO_DEBUG) { 405 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *) &on, 406 sizeof(on)) == -1) 407 err(1, "Can't turn on socket debugging"); 408 } 409 if (options & SO_DONTROUTE) { 410 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *) &on, 411 sizeof(on)) == -1) 412 err(1, "Can't turn off socket routing"); 413 } 414 415 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 416 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_HDRINCL, (char *) &on, 417 sizeof(on)) == -1) 418 err(1, "Can't set option to include ip headers"); 419 420 opack_ip.ip_v = IPVERSION; 421 opack_ip.ip_hl = sizeof(struct ip) >> 2; 422 opack_ip.ip_tos = tos; 423 opack_ip.ip_id = 0; 424 opack_ip.ip_off = (df?IP_DF:0); 425 opack_ip.ip_ttl = ttl; 426 opack_ip.ip_p = IPPROTO_ICMP; 427 opack_ip.ip_src.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; 428 opack_ip.ip_dst = whereto.sin_addr; 429 } 430 431 /* 432 * Loose Source Route and Record and Record Route options 433 */ 434 if (0 != (pingflags & (F_RECORD_ROUTE | F_SOURCE_ROUTE))) { 435 if (pingflags & F_SOURCE_ROUTE) { 436 optlen = 7+4; 437 optspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_LSRR; 438 optspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = optlen; 439 optspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 440 (void) memcpy(&optspace[IPOPT_MINOFF+4-1], 441 &whereto.sin_addr, 4); 442 optspace[optlen++] = IPOPT_NOP; 443 } 444 if (pingflags & F_RECORD_ROUTE) { 445 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; 446 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OLEN] = (sizeof(optspace) 447 -1-optlen); 448 optspace[optlen+IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; 449 optlen = sizeof(optspace); 450 } 451 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, optspace, 452 optlen) == -1) 453 err(1, "Can't set source/record routing"); 454 } 455 456 if (moptions & MULTICAST_NOLOOP) { 457 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, 458 (char *) &loop, 1) == -1) 459 err(1, "Can't disable multicast loopback"); 460 } 461 if (moptions & MULTICAST_TTL) { 462 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, 463 (char *) &ttl, 1) == -1) 464 err(1, "Can't set multicast time-to-live"); 465 } 466 if (moptions & MULTICAST_IF) { 467 if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, 468 (char *) &ifaddr.sin_addr, sizeof(ifaddr.sin_addr)) == -1) 469 err(1, "Can't set multicast source interface"); 470 } 471 472 (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, 473 inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr), 474 datalen); 475 476 /* When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot 477 * of answers. Doing something so evil is useful if you 478 * are trying to stress the ethernet, or just want to 479 * fill the arp cache to get some stuff for /etc/ethers. 480 */ 481 while (0 > setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, 482 (char*)&bufspace, sizeof(bufspace))) { 483 if ((bufspace -= 4096) == 0) 484 err(1, "Cannot set the receive buffer size"); 485 } 486 487 /* make it possible to send giant probes */ 488 if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, (char*)&bufspace, 489 sizeof(bufspace)) == -1) 490 err(1, "Cannot set the send buffer size"); 491 492 (void)signal(SIGINT, prefinish); 493 #ifdef SIGINFO 494 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 495 #else 496 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 497 #endif 498 (void)signal(SIGCONT, prtsig); 499 500 #ifdef sgi 501 /* run with a non-degrading priority to improve the delay values. */ 502 (void)schedctl(NDPRI, 0, NDPHIMAX); 503 #endif 504 505 /* fire off them quickies */ 506 for (i = 0; i < preload; i++) { 507 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 508 pinger(); 509 } 510 511 doit(); 512 return 0; 513 } 514 515 516 static void 517 doit(void) 518 { 519 int cc; 520 struct sockaddr_in from; 521 int fromlen; 522 double sec; 523 struct timeval timeout; 524 fd_set fdmask; 525 double last = 0; 526 527 528 (void)gettimeofday(&clear_cache, 0); 529 530 FD_ZERO(&fdmask); 531 for (;;) { 532 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 533 534 if (maxwait != 0) { 535 if (last == 0) 536 last = timeval_to_sec(&now) + maxwait; 537 else if (last <= timeval_to_sec(&now)) 538 finish(0); 539 } 540 541 if (ntransmitted < npackets) { 542 /* send if within 100 usec or late for next packet */ 543 sec = diffsec(&next_tx, &now); 544 if (sec <= 0.0001 545 || (lastrcvd && (pingflags & F_FLOOD))) { 546 pinger(); 547 sec = diffsec(&next_tx, &now); 548 } 549 if (sec < 0.0) 550 sec = 0.0; 551 552 } else { 553 /* For the last response, wait twice as long as the 554 * worst case seen, or 10 times as long as the 555 * maximum interpacket interval, whichever is longer. 556 */ 557 if (2 * tmax > 10 * interval) 558 sec = 2 * tmax; 559 else 560 sec = 10 * interval; 561 562 sec -= diffsec(&now, &last_tx); 563 564 if (sec <= 0) 565 finish(0); 566 } 567 568 569 sec_to_timeval(sec, &timeout); 570 571 FD_SET(s, &fdmask); 572 cc = select(s+1, &fdmask, 0, 0, &timeout); 573 if (cc <= 0) { 574 if (cc < 0) { 575 if (errno == EINTR) 576 continue; 577 jiggle_flush(1); 578 err(1, "select failed"); 579 } 580 continue; 581 } 582 583 fromlen = sizeof(from); 584 cc = recvfrom(s, (char *) packet, packlen, 585 0, (struct sockaddr *)&from, 586 &fromlen); 587 if (cc < 0) { 588 if (errno != EINTR) { 589 jiggle_flush(1); 590 warn("recvfrom failed"); 591 (void)fflush(stderr); 592 } 593 continue; 594 } 595 (void)gettimeofday(&now, 0); 596 pr_pack(packet, cc, &from); 597 if (nreceived >= npackets) 598 finish(0); 599 if (nreceived > 0 && (pingflags & F_ONCE)) 600 finish(0); 601 } 602 /*NOTREACHED*/ 603 } 604 605 606 static void 607 jiggle_flush(int nl) /* new line if there are dots */ 608 { 609 int serrno = errno; 610 611 if (jiggle_cnt > 0) { 612 total_jiggled += jiggle_cnt; 613 jiggle_direction = 1; 614 do { 615 (void)putchar('.'); 616 } while (--jiggle_cnt > 0); 617 618 } else if (jiggle_cnt < 0) { 619 total_jiggled -= jiggle_cnt; 620 jiggle_direction = -1; 621 do { 622 (void)putchar('\b'); 623 } while (++jiggle_cnt < 0); 624 } 625 626 if (nl) { 627 if (total_jiggled != 0) 628 (void)putchar('\n'); 629 total_jiggled = 0; 630 jiggle_direction = -1; 631 } 632 633 (void)fflush(stdout); 634 (void)fflush(stderr); 635 jiggle_time = now; 636 errno = serrno; 637 } 638 639 640 /* jiggle the cursor for flood-ping 641 */ 642 static void 643 jiggle(int delta) 644 { 645 double dt; 646 647 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 648 return; 649 650 /* do not back up into messages */ 651 if (total_jiggled+jiggle_cnt+delta < 0) 652 return; 653 654 jiggle_cnt += delta; 655 656 /* flush the FLOOD dots when things are quiet 657 * or occassionally to make the cursor jiggle. 658 */ 659 dt = diffsec(&last_tx, &jiggle_time); 660 if (dt > 0.2 || (dt >= 0.15 && delta*jiggle_direction < 0)) 661 jiggle_flush(0); 662 } 663 664 665 /* 666 * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet 667 * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, 668 * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first PHDR_LEN bytes 669 * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX 670 * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. 671 */ 672 static void 673 pinger(void) 674 { 675 int i, cc; 676 void *packet = &opack_icmp; 677 678 opack_icmp.icmp_code = 0; 679 opack_icmp.icmp_seq = htons((u_short)(ntransmitted)); 680 if (clear_cache.tv_sec != now.tv_sec) { 681 /* clear the cached route in the kernel after an ICMP 682 * response such as a Redirect is seen to stop causing 683 * more such packets. Also clear the cached route 684 * periodically in case of routing changes that make 685 * black holes come and go. 686 */ 687 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHOREPLY; 688 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ~ident; 689 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 690 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, 691 PHDR_LEN); 692 if (optlen != 0 && 693 setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, optspace, 0) == -1) 694 err(1, "Record/Source Route"); 695 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 696 packet = &opack_ip; 697 cc = sizeof(struct ip) + PHDR_LEN; 698 opack_ip.ip_len = cc; 699 opack_ip.ip_sum = in_cksum((u_short *)&opack_ip, cc); 700 } 701 else 702 cc = PHDR_LEN; 703 (void) sendto(s, packet, cc, MSG_DONTROUTE, 704 (struct sockaddr *)&loc_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); 705 if (optlen != 0 && setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, 706 optspace, optlen) == -1) 707 err(1, "Record/Source Route"); 708 } 709 opack_icmp.icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; 710 opack_icmp.icmp_id = ident; 711 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 712 (void) memcpy(opack_icmp.icmp_data, &now, sizeof(now)); 713 cc = datalen+PHDR_LEN; 714 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = 0; 715 opack_icmp.icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short*)&opack_icmp, cc); 716 717 if (options & F_HDRINCL) { 718 packet = &opack_ip; 719 cc += sizeof(struct ip); 720 opack_ip.ip_len = cc; 721 opack_ip.ip_sum = in_cksum((u_short *)&opack_ip, cc); 722 } 723 i = sendto(s, packet, cc, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&send_addr, 724 sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)); 725 if (i != cc) { 726 jiggle_flush(1); 727 if (i < 0) 728 warn("sendto failed"); 729 else 730 (void) fprintf(stderr, 731 "%s: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n", __progname, 732 hostname, cc, i); 733 (void)fflush(stderr); 734 } 735 lastrcvd = 0; 736 737 CLR(ntransmitted); 738 ntransmitted++; 739 740 last_tx = now; 741 if (next_tx.tv_sec == 0) { 742 first_tx = now; 743 next_tx = now; 744 } 745 746 /* Transmit regularly, at always the same microsecond in the 747 * second when going at one packet per second. 748 * If we are at most 100 ms behind, send extras to get caught up. 749 * Otherwise, skip packets we were too slow to send. 750 */ 751 if (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) <= interval) { 752 do { 753 timevaladd(&next_tx, &interval_tv); 754 } while (diffsec(&next_tx, &now) < -0.1); 755 } 756 757 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 758 jiggle(1); 759 760 /* While the packet is going out, ready buffer for the next 761 * packet. Use a fast but not very good random number generator. 762 */ 763 if (pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 764 rnd_fill(); 765 } 766 767 768 static void 769 pr_pack_sub(int cc, 770 char *addr, 771 int seqno, 772 int dupflag, 773 int ttl, 774 double triptime) 775 { 776 jiggle_flush(1); 777 778 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) 779 return; 780 781 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, addr, seqno); 782 (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ttl); 783 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) 784 (void)printf(" time=%.3f ms", triptime*1000.0); 785 if (dupflag) 786 (void)printf(" (DUP!)"); 787 } 788 789 790 /* 791 * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary 792 * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets 793 * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this 794 * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). 795 */ 796 static void 797 pr_pack(u_char *buf, 798 int cc, 799 struct sockaddr_in *from) 800 { 801 struct ip *ip; 802 register struct icmp *icp; 803 register int i, j; 804 register u_char *cp; 805 static int old_rrlen; 806 static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; 807 int hlen, dupflag = 0, dumped; 808 double triptime = 0.0; 809 #define PR_PACK_SUB() {if (!dumped) { \ 810 dumped = 1; \ 811 pr_pack_sub(cc, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr), \ 812 ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq), \ 813 dupflag, ip->ip_ttl, triptime);}} 814 815 /* Check the IP header */ 816 ip = (struct ip *) buf; 817 hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; 818 if (cc < hlen + ICMP_MINLEN) { 819 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 820 jiggle_flush(1); 821 (void)printf("packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", 822 cc, inet_ntoa(from->sin_addr)); 823 } 824 return; 825 } 826 827 /* Now the ICMP part */ 828 dumped = 0; 829 cc -= hlen; 830 icp = (struct icmp *)(buf + hlen); 831 if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY 832 && icp->icmp_id == ident) { 833 834 if (icp->icmp_seq == htons((u_short)(ntransmitted-1))) 835 lastrcvd = 1; 836 last_rx = now; 837 if (first_rx.tv_sec == 0) 838 first_rx = last_rx; 839 nreceived++; 840 if (pingflags & F_TIMING) { 841 struct timeval tv; 842 (void) memcpy(&tv, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(tv)); 843 triptime = diffsec(&last_rx, &tv); 844 845 tsum += triptime; 846 if (triptime < tmin) 847 tmin = triptime; 848 if (triptime > tmax) 849 tmax = triptime; 850 } 851 852 if (TST(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq))) { 853 nrepeats++, nreceived--; 854 dupflag=1; 855 } else 856 SET(ntohs((u_short)icp->icmp_seq)); 857 858 if (pingflags & F_QUIET) 859 return; 860 861 if (!(pingflags & F_FLOOD)) 862 PR_PACK_SUB(); 863 864 /* check the data */ 865 if (datalen > PHDR_LEN 866 && !(pingflags & F_PING_RANDOM) 867 && bcmp(&icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 868 &opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN], 869 datalen-PHDR_LEN)) { 870 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 871 if (icp->icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+i] 872 != opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+i]) 873 break; 874 } 875 PR_PACK_SUB(); 876 (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should have been" 877 " %#x but was %#x", 878 i, (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[i], 879 (u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 880 for (i=PHDR_LEN; i<datalen; i++) { 881 if ((i%16) == PHDR_LEN) 882 (void)printf("\n\t"); 883 (void)printf("%2x ", (u_char)icp->icmp_data[i]); 884 } 885 } 886 887 } else { 888 if (!pr_icmph(icp, from, cc)) 889 return; 890 dumped = 2; 891 } 892 893 /* Display any IP options */ 894 cp = buf + sizeof(struct ip); 895 while (hlen > (int)sizeof(struct ip)) { 896 switch (*cp) { 897 case IPOPT_EOL: 898 hlen = 0; 899 break; 900 case IPOPT_LSRR: 901 hlen -= 2; 902 j = *++cp; 903 ++cp; 904 j -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 905 if (j <= 0) 906 continue; 907 if (dumped <= 1) { 908 j = ((j+3)/4)*4; 909 hlen -= j; 910 cp += j; 911 break; 912 } 913 PR_PACK_SUB(); 914 (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); 915 for (;;) { 916 pr_saddr("\t%s", cp); 917 cp += 4; 918 hlen -= 4; 919 j -= 4; 920 if (j <= 0) 921 break; 922 (void)putchar('\n'); 923 } 924 break; 925 case IPOPT_RR: 926 j = *++cp; /* get length */ 927 i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ 928 hlen -= 2; 929 if (i > j) 930 i = j; 931 i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; 932 if (i <= 0) 933 continue; 934 if (dumped <= 1) { 935 if (i == old_rrlen 936 && !bcmp(cp, old_rr, i)) { 937 if (dumped) 938 (void)printf("\t(same route)"); 939 j = ((i+3)/4)*4; 940 hlen -= j; 941 cp += j; 942 break; 943 } 944 old_rrlen = i; 945 bcopy(cp, old_rr, i); 946 } 947 if (!dumped) { 948 jiggle_flush(1); 949 (void)printf("RR: "); 950 dumped = 1; 951 } else { 952 (void)printf("\nRR: "); 953 } 954 for (;;) { 955 pr_saddr("\t%s", cp); 956 cp += 4; 957 hlen -= 4; 958 i -= 4; 959 if (i <= 0) 960 break; 961 (void)putchar('\n'); 962 } 963 break; 964 case IPOPT_NOP: 965 if (dumped <= 1) 966 break; 967 PR_PACK_SUB(); 968 (void)printf("\nNOP"); 969 break; 970 #ifdef sgi 971 case IPOPT_SECURITY: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO BSO */ 972 case IPOPT_ESO: /* RFC 1108 RIPSO ESO */ 973 case IPOPT_CIPSO: /* Commercial IPSO */ 974 if ((sysconf(_SC_IP_SECOPTS)) > 0) { 975 i = (unsigned)cp[1]; 976 hlen -= i - 1; 977 PR_PACK_SUB(); 978 (void)printf("\nSEC:"); 979 while (i--) { 980 (void)printf(" %02x", *cp++); 981 } 982 cp--; 983 break; 984 } 985 #endif 986 default: 987 PR_PACK_SUB(); 988 (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); 989 break; 990 } 991 hlen--; 992 cp++; 993 } 994 995 if (dumped) { 996 (void)putchar('\n'); 997 (void)fflush(stdout); 998 } else { 999 jiggle(-1); 1000 } 1001 } 1002 1003 1004 /* Compute the IP checksum 1005 * This assumes the packet is less than 32K long. 1006 */ 1007 static u_short 1008 in_cksum(u_short *p, 1009 u_int len) 1010 { 1011 u_int sum = 0; 1012 int nwords = len >> 1; 1013 1014 while (nwords-- != 0) 1015 sum += *p++; 1016 1017 if (len & 1) { 1018 union { 1019 u_short w; 1020 u_char c[2]; 1021 } u; 1022 u.c[0] = *(u_char *)p; 1023 u.c[1] = 0; 1024 sum += u.w; 1025 } 1026 1027 /* end-around-carry */ 1028 sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); 1029 sum += (sum >> 16); 1030 return (~sum); 1031 } 1032 1033 1034 /* 1035 * compute the difference of two timevals in seconds 1036 */ 1037 static double 1038 diffsec(struct timeval *now, 1039 struct timeval *then) 1040 { 1041 return ((now->tv_sec - then->tv_sec)*1.0 1042 + (now->tv_usec - then->tv_usec)/1000000.0); 1043 } 1044 1045 1046 static void 1047 timevaladd(struct timeval *t1, 1048 struct timeval *t2) 1049 { 1050 1051 t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec; 1052 if ((t1->tv_usec += t2->tv_usec) > 1000000) { 1053 t1->tv_sec++; 1054 t1->tv_usec -= 1000000; 1055 } 1056 } 1057 1058 1059 static void 1060 sec_to_timeval(const double sec, struct timeval *tp) 1061 { 1062 tp->tv_sec = (long) sec; 1063 tp->tv_usec = (sec - tp->tv_sec) * 1000000.0; 1064 } 1065 1066 static double 1067 timeval_to_sec(const struct timeval *tp) 1068 { 1069 return tp->tv_sec + tp->tv_usec / 1000000.0; 1070 } 1071 1072 1073 /* 1074 * Print statistics. 1075 * Heavily buffered STDIO is used here, so that all the statistics 1076 * will be written with 1 sys-write call. This is nice when more 1077 * than one copy of the program is running on a terminal; it prevents 1078 * the statistics output from becomming intermingled. 1079 */ 1080 static void 1081 summary(int header) 1082 { 1083 jiggle_flush(1); 1084 1085 if (header) 1086 (void)printf("\n----%s PING Statistics----\n", hostname); 1087 (void)printf("%d packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); 1088 (void)printf("%d packets received, ", nreceived); 1089 if (nrepeats) 1090 (void)printf("+%d duplicates, ", nrepeats); 1091 if (ntransmitted) { 1092 if (nreceived > ntransmitted) 1093 (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); 1094 else 1095 (void)printf("%d%% packet loss", 1096 (int) (((ntransmitted-nreceived)*100) / 1097 ntransmitted)); 1098 } 1099 (void)printf("\n"); 1100 if (nreceived && (pingflags & F_TIMING)) { 1101 (void)printf("round-trip min/avg/max = %.3f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n", 1102 tmin*1000.0, 1103 (tsum/(nreceived+nrepeats))*1000.0, 1104 tmax*1000.0); 1105 if (pingflags & F_FLOOD) { 1106 double r = diffsec(&last_rx, &first_rx); 1107 double t = diffsec(&last_tx, &first_tx); 1108 if (r == 0) 1109 r = 0.0001; 1110 if (t == 0) 1111 t = 0.0001; 1112 (void)printf(" %.1f packets/sec sent, " 1113 " %.1f packets/sec received\n", 1114 ntransmitted/t, nreceived/r); 1115 } 1116 } 1117 } 1118 1119 1120 /* 1121 * Print statistics when SIGINFO is received. 1122 */ 1123 /* ARGSUSED */ 1124 static void 1125 prtsig(int s) 1126 { 1127 summary(0); 1128 #ifdef SIGINFO 1129 (void)signal(SIGINFO, prtsig); 1130 #else 1131 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, prtsig); 1132 #endif 1133 } 1134 1135 1136 /* 1137 * On the first SIGINT, allow any outstanding packets to dribble in 1138 */ 1139 static void 1140 prefinish(int s) 1141 { 1142 if (lastrcvd /* quit now if caught up */ 1143 || nreceived == 0) /* or if remote is dead */ 1144 finish(0); 1145 1146 signal(s, finish); /* do this only the 1st time */ 1147 1148 if (npackets > ntransmitted) /* let the normal limit work */ 1149 npackets = ntransmitted; 1150 } 1151 1152 1153 /* 1154 * Print statistics and give up. 1155 */ 1156 /* ARGSUSED */ 1157 static void 1158 finish(int s) 1159 { 1160 #ifdef SIGINFO 1161 struct termios ts; 1162 1163 if (reset_kerninfo && tcgetattr (0, &ts) != -1) { 1164 ts.c_lflag &= ~NOKERNINFO; 1165 tcsetattr (0, TCSANOW, &ts); 1166 } 1167 (void)signal(SIGINFO, SIG_IGN); 1168 #else 1169 (void)signal(SIGQUIT, SIG_DFL); 1170 #endif 1171 1172 summary(1); 1173 exit(nreceived > 0 ? 0 : 1); 1174 } 1175 1176 1177 static int /* 0=do not print it */ 1178 ck_pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1179 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1180 int cc, 1181 int override) /* 1=override VERBOSE if interesting */ 1182 { 1183 int hlen; 1184 struct ip ip; 1185 struct icmp icp2; 1186 int res; 1187 1188 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) { 1189 res = 1; 1190 jiggle_flush(1); 1191 } else { 1192 res = 0; 1193 } 1194 1195 (void) memcpy(&ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(ip)); 1196 hlen = ip.ip_hl << 2; 1197 if (ip.ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP 1198 && hlen + 6 <= cc) { 1199 (void) memcpy(&icp2, &icp->icmp_data[hlen], sizeof(icp2)); 1200 if (icp2.icmp_id == ident) { 1201 /* remember to clear route cached in kernel 1202 * if this ICMP message was for one of our packet. 1203 */ 1204 clear_cache.tv_sec = 0; 1205 1206 if (!res && override 1207 && (pingflags & (F_QUIET|F_SEMI_QUIET)) == 0) { 1208 jiggle_flush(1); 1209 (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", 1210 cc, pr_addr(&from->sin_addr)); 1211 res = 1; 1212 } 1213 } 1214 } 1215 1216 return res; 1217 } 1218 1219 1220 /* 1221 * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header other than an echo reply. 1222 */ 1223 static int /* 0=printed nothing */ 1224 pr_icmph(struct icmp *icp, 1225 struct sockaddr_in *from, 1226 int cc) 1227 { 1228 switch (icp->icmp_type ) { 1229 case ICMP_UNREACH: 1230 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1231 return 0; 1232 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1233 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET: 1234 (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable"); 1235 break; 1236 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST: 1237 (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable"); 1238 break; 1239 case ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL: 1240 (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable"); 1241 break; 1242 case ICMP_UNREACH_PORT: 1243 (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable"); 1244 break; 1245 case ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG: 1246 (void)printf("frag needed and DF set. Next MTU=%d", 1247 icp->icmp_nextmtu); 1248 break; 1249 case ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL: 1250 (void)printf("Source Route Failed"); 1251 break; 1252 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN: 1253 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown net"); 1254 break; 1255 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN: 1256 (void)printf("Unreachable unknown host"); 1257 break; 1258 case ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED: 1259 (void)printf("Unreachable host isolated"); 1260 break; 1261 case ICMP_UNREACH_NET_PROHIB: 1262 (void)printf("Net prohibited access"); 1263 break; 1264 case ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_PROHIB: 1265 (void)printf("Host prohibited access"); 1266 break; 1267 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET: 1268 (void)printf("Bad TOS for net"); 1269 break; 1270 case ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST: 1271 (void)printf("Bad TOS for host"); 1272 break; 1273 case 13: 1274 (void)printf("Communication prohibited"); 1275 break; 1276 case 14: 1277 (void)printf("Host precedence violation"); 1278 break; 1279 case 15: 1280 (void)printf("Precedence cutoff"); 1281 break; 1282 default: 1283 (void)printf("Bad Destination Unreachable Code: %d", 1284 icp->icmp_code); 1285 break; 1286 } 1287 /* Print returned IP header information */ 1288 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1289 break; 1290 1291 case ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH: 1292 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1293 return 0; 1294 (void)printf("Source Quench"); 1295 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1296 break; 1297 1298 case ICMP_REDIRECT: 1299 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1300 return 0; 1301 switch (icp->icmp_code) { 1302 case ICMP_REDIRECT_NET: 1303 (void)printf("Redirect: Network"); 1304 break; 1305 case ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST: 1306 (void)printf("Redirect: Host"); 1307 break; 1308 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET: 1309 (void)printf("Redirect: Type of Service and Network"); 1310 break; 1311 case ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST: 1312 (void)printf("Redirect: Type of Service and Host"); 1313 break; 1314 default: 1315 (void)printf("Redirect: Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); 1316 break; 1317 } 1318 (void)printf(" New addr: %s", 1319 pr_addr(&icp->icmp_hun.ih_gwaddr)); 1320 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1321 break; 1322 1323 case ICMP_ECHO: 1324 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1325 return 0; 1326 (void)printf("Echo Request: ID=%d seq=%d", 1327 icp->icmp_id, icp->icmp_seq); 1328 break; 1329 1330 case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: 1331 /* displaying other's pings is too noisey */ 1332 #if 0 1333 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1334 return 0; 1335 (void)printf("Echo Reply: ID=%d seq=%d", 1336 icp->icmp_id, icp->icmp_seq); 1337 break; 1338 #else 1339 return 0; 1340 #endif 1341 1342 case ICMP_ROUTERADVERT: 1343 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1344 return 0; 1345 (void)printf("Router Discovery Advert"); 1346 break; 1347 1348 case ICMP_ROUTERSOLICIT: 1349 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1350 return 0; 1351 (void)printf("Router Discovery Solicit"); 1352 break; 1353 1354 case ICMP_TIMXCEED: 1355 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1356 return 0; 1357 switch (icp->icmp_code ) { 1358 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS: 1359 (void)printf("Time To Live exceeded"); 1360 break; 1361 case ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS: 1362 (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded"); 1363 break; 1364 default: 1365 (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d", 1366 icp->icmp_code); 1367 break; 1368 } 1369 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1370 break; 1371 1372 case ICMP_PARAMPROB: 1373 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 1)) 1374 return 0; 1375 (void)printf("Parameter problem: pointer = 0x%02x", 1376 icp->icmp_hun.ih_pptr); 1377 pr_retip(icp, cc); 1378 break; 1379 1380 case ICMP_TSTAMP: 1381 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1382 return 0; 1383 (void)printf("Timestamp"); 1384 break; 1385 1386 case ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY: 1387 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1388 return 0; 1389 (void)printf("Timestamp Reply"); 1390 break; 1391 1392 case ICMP_IREQ: 1393 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1394 return 0; 1395 (void)printf("Information Request"); 1396 break; 1397 1398 case ICMP_IREQREPLY: 1399 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1400 return 0; 1401 (void)printf("Information Reply"); 1402 break; 1403 1404 case ICMP_MASKREQ: 1405 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1406 return 0; 1407 (void)printf("Address Mask Request"); 1408 break; 1409 1410 case ICMP_MASKREPLY: 1411 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1412 return 0; 1413 (void)printf("Address Mask Reply"); 1414 break; 1415 1416 default: 1417 if (!ck_pr_icmph(icp, from, cc, 0)) 1418 return 0; 1419 (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d", icp->icmp_type); 1420 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1421 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1422 } 1423 1424 return 1; 1425 } 1426 1427 1428 /* 1429 * Print an IP header with options. 1430 */ 1431 static void 1432 pr_iph(struct icmp *icp, 1433 int cc) 1434 { 1435 int hlen; 1436 u_char *cp; 1437 struct ip ip; 1438 1439 (void) memcpy(&ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(ip)); 1440 1441 hlen = ip.ip_hl << 2; 1442 cp = &icp->icmp_data[20]; /* point to options */ 1443 1444 (void)printf("\n Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst\n"); 1445 (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", 1446 ip.ip_v, ip.ip_hl, ip.ip_tos, ip.ip_len, ip.ip_id); 1447 (void)printf(" %1x %04x", 1448 ((ip.ip_off)&0xe000)>>13, (ip.ip_off)&0x1fff); 1449 (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", 1450 ip.ip_ttl, ip.ip_p, ip.ip_sum); 1451 (void)printf(" %15s ", 1452 inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip.ip_src.s_addr)); 1453 (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip.ip_dst.s_addr)); 1454 /* dump any option bytes */ 1455 while (hlen-- > 20 && cp < (u_char*)icp+cc) { 1456 (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); 1457 } 1458 } 1459 1460 /* 1461 * Print an ASCII host address starting from a string of bytes. 1462 */ 1463 static void 1464 pr_saddr(char *pat, 1465 u_char *cp) 1466 { 1467 register n_long l; 1468 struct in_addr addr; 1469 1470 l = (u_char)*++cp; 1471 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1472 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1473 l = (l<<8) + (u_char)*++cp; 1474 addr.s_addr = htonl(l); 1475 (void)printf(pat, (l == 0) ? "0.0.0.0" : pr_addr(&addr)); 1476 } 1477 1478 1479 /* 1480 * Return an ASCII host address 1481 * as a dotted quad and optionally with a hostname 1482 */ 1483 static char * 1484 pr_addr(struct in_addr *addr) /* in network order */ 1485 { 1486 struct hostent *hp; 1487 static char buf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN+4+16+1]; 1488 1489 if ((pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1490 || !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)addr, sizeof(*addr), AF_INET))) { 1491 (void)sprintf(buf, "%s", inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1492 } else { 1493 (void)sprintf(buf, "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, inet_ntoa(*addr)); 1494 } 1495 1496 return buf; 1497 } 1498 1499 /* 1500 * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. 1501 */ 1502 static void 1503 pr_retip(struct icmp *icp, 1504 int cc) 1505 { 1506 int hlen; 1507 unsigned char *cp; 1508 struct ip ip; 1509 1510 (void) memcpy(&ip, icp->icmp_data, sizeof(ip)); 1511 1512 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1513 pr_iph(icp, cc); 1514 1515 hlen = ip.ip_hl << 2; 1516 cp = &icp->icmp_data[hlen]; 1517 1518 if (ip.ip_p == IPPROTO_TCP) { 1519 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1520 (void)printf("\n TCP: from port %u, to port %u", 1521 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1522 } else if (ip.ip_p == IPPROTO_UDP) { 1523 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1524 (void)printf("\n UDP: from port %u, to port %u", 1525 (*cp*256+*(cp+1)), (*(cp+2)*256+*(cp+3))); 1526 } else if (ip.ip_p == IPPROTO_ICMP) { 1527 struct icmp icp2; 1528 (void) memcpy(&icp2, cp, sizeof(icp2)); 1529 if (icp2.icmp_type == ICMP_ECHO) { 1530 if (pingflags & F_VERBOSE) 1531 (void)printf("\n ID=%u icmp_seq=%u", 1532 icp2.icmp_id, 1533 icp2.icmp_seq); 1534 else 1535 (void)printf(" for icmp_seq=%u", 1536 icp2.icmp_seq); 1537 } 1538 } 1539 } 1540 1541 static void 1542 fill(void) 1543 { 1544 register int i, j, k; 1545 char *cp; 1546 int pat[16]; 1547 1548 for (cp = fill_pat; *cp != '\0'; cp++) { 1549 if (!isxdigit(*cp)) 1550 break; 1551 } 1552 if (cp == fill_pat || *cp != '\0' || (cp-fill_pat) > 16*2) { 1553 (void)fflush(stdout); 1554 errx(1, 1555 "\"-p %s\": patterns must be specified with 1-32 hex digits\n", 1556 fill_pat); 1557 } 1558 1559 i = sscanf(fill_pat, 1560 "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", 1561 &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], 1562 &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], &pat[7], 1563 &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], 1564 &pat[12], &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); 1565 1566 for (k=PHDR_LEN, j = 0; k <= datalen; k++) { 1567 opack_icmp.icmp_data[k] = pat[j]; 1568 if (++j >= i) 1569 j = 0; 1570 } 1571 1572 if (!(pingflags & F_QUIET)) { 1573 (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); 1574 for (j=0; j<i; j++) 1575 (void)printf("%02x", 1576 (u_char)opack_icmp.icmp_data[PHDR_LEN+j]); 1577 (void)printf("\n"); 1578 } 1579 1580 } 1581 1582 1583 static void 1584 rnd_fill(void) 1585 { 1586 static u_int rnd; 1587 int i; 1588 1589 for (i = PHDR_LEN; i < datalen; i++) { 1590 rnd = (314157*rnd + 66329) & 0xffff; 1591 opack_icmp.icmp_data[i] = rnd>>8; 1592 } 1593 } 1594 1595 static void 1596 gethost(const char *name, struct sockaddr_in *sa, char *realname) 1597 { 1598 struct hostent *hp; 1599 1600 (void) memset(sa, 0, sizeof(*sa)); 1601 sa->sin_family = AF_INET; 1602 1603 if (inet_aton(name, &sa->sin_addr) != 0) { 1604 if (realname == NULL) 1605 return; 1606 if ((pingflags & F_NUMERIC) 1607 || !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *) &sa->sin_addr, 1608 sizeof(sa->sin_addr), AF_INET))) 1609 (void) strncpy(realname, name, MAXHOSTNAMELEN); 1610 else 1611 (void) strncpy(realname, hp->h_name, MAXHOSTNAMELEN); 1612 realname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN-1] = '\0'; 1613 return; 1614 } 1615 1616 hp = gethostbyname(name); 1617 if (hp) { 1618 if (hp->h_addrtype != AF_INET) 1619 errx(1, "`%s' only supported with IP", name); 1620 (void) memcpy(&sa->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, sizeof(sa->sin_addr)); 1621 if (realname == NULL) 1622 return; 1623 (void) strncpy(realname, hp->h_name, MAXHOSTNAMELEN); 1624 realname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN-1] = '\0'; 1625 } else 1626 errx(1, "Cannot resolve host `%s' (%s)", name, 1627 hstrerror(h_errno)); 1628 } 1629 1630 1631 static void 1632 usage(void) 1633 { 1634 (void) fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s %s\n%s\n", __progname, 1635 "[-dfnoqrvRLP] [-c count] [-s size] [-l preload] [-p pattern]", 1636 "[-i interval] [-T ttl] [-I addr] [-g gateway] [-w maxwait] host"); 1637 exit(1); 1638 } 1639