1 /* $NetBSD: newfs.c,v 1.14 2004/10/29 19:04:39 dsl Exp $ */ 2 3 /*- 4 * Copyright (c) 1989, 1992, 1993 5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. 6 * 7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions 9 * are met: 10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright 11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the 14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 15 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors 16 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 17 * without specific prior written permission. 18 * 19 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND 20 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 21 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE 22 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 23 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 24 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS 25 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 26 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT 27 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY 28 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF 29 * SUCH DAMAGE. 30 */ 31 32 #include <sys/cdefs.h> 33 #ifndef lint 34 __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1989, 1992, 1993\n\ 35 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"); 36 #endif /* not lint */ 37 38 #ifndef lint 39 #if 0 40 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)newfs.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 5/24/95"; 41 #else 42 __RCSID("$NetBSD: newfs.c,v 1.14 2004/10/29 19:04:39 dsl Exp $"); 43 #endif 44 #endif /* not lint */ 45 46 /* 47 * newfs: friendly front end to mkfs 48 */ 49 #include <sys/param.h> 50 #include <sys/ucred.h> 51 #include <sys/stat.h> 52 #include <sys/ioctl.h> 53 #include <sys/disklabel.h> 54 #include <sys/file.h> 55 #include <sys/mount.h> 56 #include <sys/sysctl.h> 57 #include <sys/time.h> 58 59 #include <ufs/ufs/dir.h> 60 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h> 61 #include <ufs/lfs/lfs.h> 62 63 #include <disktab.h> 64 #include <err.h> 65 #include <errno.h> 66 #include <unistd.h> 67 #include <stdio.h> 68 #include <stdlib.h> 69 #include <ctype.h> 70 #include <string.h> 71 #include <paths.h> 72 #include <util.h> 73 #include "config.h" 74 #include "extern.h" 75 76 #define COMPAT /* allow non-labeled disks */ 77 78 int Nflag = 0; /* run without writing file system */ 79 int fssize; /* file system size */ 80 int sectorsize; /* bytes/sector */ 81 int fsize = 0; /* fragment size */ 82 int bsize = 0; /* block size */ 83 int ibsize = 0; /* inode block size */ 84 int interleave = 0; /* segment interleave */ 85 int minfree = MINFREE; /* free space threshold */ 86 int minfreeseg = 0; /* free segments reserved for the cleaner */ 87 u_int32_t roll_id = 0; /* roll-forward id */ 88 u_long memleft; /* virtual memory available */ 89 caddr_t membase; /* start address of memory based filesystem */ 90 #ifdef COMPAT 91 char *disktype; 92 int unlabeled; 93 #endif 94 95 char device[MAXPATHLEN]; 96 char *progname, *special; 97 98 static struct disklabel *getdisklabel(char *, int); 99 static struct disklabel *debug_readlabel(int); 100 #ifdef notdef 101 static void rewritelabel(char *, int, struct disklabel *); 102 #endif 103 static void usage(void); 104 105 /* CHUNKSIZE should be larger than MAXPHYS */ 106 #define CHUNKSIZE (1024 * 1024) 107 108 static size_t 109 auto_segsize(int fd, off_t len, int version) 110 { 111 off_t off, bw; 112 time_t start, finish; 113 char buf[CHUNKSIZE]; 114 long seeks; 115 size_t final; 116 int i; 117 118 /* First, get sequential access bandwidth */ 119 time(&start); 120 finish = start; 121 for (off = 0; finish - start < 10; off += CHUNKSIZE) { 122 if (pread(fd, buf, CHUNKSIZE, off) < 0) 123 break; 124 time(&finish); 125 } 126 /* Bandwidth = bytes / sec */ 127 /* printf("%ld bytes in %ld seconds\n", (long)off, (long)(finish - start)); */ 128 bw = off / (finish - start); 129 130 /* Second, seek time */ 131 time(&start); 132 finish = start; /* structure copy */ 133 for (seeks = 0; finish - start < 10; ) { 134 off = (((double)rand()) * len) / (off_t)RAND_MAX; 135 if (pread(fd, buf, dbtob(1), off) < 0) 136 break; 137 time(&finish); 138 ++seeks; 139 } 140 /* printf("%ld seeks in %ld seconds\n", (long)seeks, (long)(finish - start)); */ 141 /* Seek time in units/sec */ 142 seeks /= (finish - start); 143 if (seeks == 0) 144 seeks = 1; 145 146 printf("bw = %ld B/s, seek time %ld ms (%ld seeks/s)\n", 147 (long)bw, 1000/seeks, seeks); 148 final = dbtob(btodb(4 * bw / seeks)); 149 if (version == 1) { 150 for (i = 0; final; final >>= 1, i++) 151 ; 152 final = 1 << i; 153 } 154 printf("using initial segment size %ld\n", (long)final); 155 return final; 156 } 157 158 int 159 main(int argc, char **argv) 160 { 161 int version, ch; 162 struct partition *pp; 163 struct disklabel *lp; 164 struct stat st; 165 int debug, force, fsi, fso, segsize, maxpartitions; 166 uint secsize = 0; 167 daddr_t start; 168 char *cp, *opstring; 169 170 version = DFL_VERSION; /* what version of lfs to make */ 171 172 if ((progname = strrchr(*argv, '/')) != NULL) 173 ++progname; 174 else 175 progname = *argv; 176 177 maxpartitions = getmaxpartitions(); 178 if (maxpartitions > 26) 179 fatal("insane maxpartitions value %d", maxpartitions); 180 181 opstring = "AB:b:DFf:I:i:LM:m:NO:r:Ss:v:"; 182 183 debug = force = segsize = start = 0; 184 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != -1) 185 switch(ch) { 186 case 'A': /* Adaptively configure segment size */ 187 segsize = -1; 188 break; 189 case 'B': /* LFS segment size */ 190 if ((segsize = atoi(optarg)) < LFS_MINSEGSIZE) 191 fatal("%s: bad segment size", optarg); 192 break; 193 case 'D': 194 debug = 1; 195 break; 196 case 'F': 197 force = 1; 198 break; 199 case 'I': 200 interleave = atoi(optarg); 201 break; 202 case 'L': /* Compatibility only */ 203 break; 204 case 'M': 205 minfreeseg = atoi(optarg); 206 break; 207 case 'N': 208 Nflag++; 209 break; 210 case 'O': 211 start = atoi(optarg); 212 break; 213 case 'S': 214 secsize = atoi(optarg); 215 if (secsize <= 0 || (secsize & (secsize - 1))) 216 fatal("%s: bad sector size", optarg); 217 break; 218 #ifdef COMPAT 219 case 'T': 220 disktype = optarg; 221 break; 222 #endif 223 case 'b': 224 if ((bsize = atoi(optarg)) < LFS_MINBLOCKSIZE) 225 fatal("%s: bad block size", optarg); 226 break; 227 case 'f': 228 if ((fsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0) 229 fatal("%s: bad frag size", optarg); 230 break; 231 case 'i': 232 if ((ibsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0) 233 fatal("%s: bad inode block size", optarg); 234 break; 235 case 'm': 236 if ((minfree = atoi(optarg)) < 0 || minfree > 99) 237 fatal("%s: bad free space %%\n", optarg); 238 break; 239 case 'r': 240 if ((roll_id = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 0)) == 0) 241 fatal("%s: bad roll-forward id\n", optarg); 242 break; 243 case 's': 244 if ((fssize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0) 245 fatal("%s: bad file system size", optarg); 246 break; 247 case 'v': 248 version = atoi(optarg); 249 if (version <= 0 || version > LFS_VERSION) 250 fatal("%s: bad version", optarg); 251 break; 252 case '?': 253 default: 254 usage(); 255 } 256 argc -= optind; 257 argv += optind; 258 259 if (argc != 2 && argc != 1) 260 usage(); 261 262 /* 263 * If the -N flag isn't specified, open the output file. If no path 264 * prefix, try /dev/r%s and then /dev/%s. 265 */ 266 special = argv[0]; 267 if (strchr(special, '/') == NULL) { 268 (void)snprintf(device, sizeof(device), "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, 269 special); 270 if (stat(device, &st) == -1) 271 (void)snprintf(device, sizeof(device), "%s%s", 272 _PATH_DEV, special); 273 special = device; 274 } 275 if (!Nflag) { 276 fso = open(special, 277 (debug ? O_CREAT : 0) | O_WRONLY, DEFFILEMODE); 278 if (fso < 0) 279 fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); 280 } else 281 fso = -1; 282 283 /* Open the input file. */ 284 fsi = open(special, O_RDONLY); 285 if (fsi < 0) 286 fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); 287 if (fstat(fsi, &st) < 0) 288 fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno)); 289 290 291 if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) { 292 if (debug) { 293 lp = debug_readlabel(fsi); 294 pp = &lp->d_partitions[0]; 295 } else { 296 static struct partition dummy_pp; 297 lp = NULL; 298 pp = &dummy_pp; 299 pp->p_fstype = FS_BSDLFS; 300 if (secsize == 0) 301 secsize = 512; 302 pp->p_size = st.st_size / secsize; 303 } 304 } else { 305 cp = strchr(argv[0], '\0') - 1; 306 if (!debug 307 && ((*cp < 'a' || *cp > ('a' + maxpartitions - 1)) 308 && !isdigit((unsigned char)*cp))) 309 fatal("%s: can't figure out file system partition", argv[0]); 310 311 #ifdef COMPAT 312 if (disktype == NULL) 313 disktype = argv[1]; 314 #endif 315 lp = getdisklabel(special, fsi); 316 317 if (isdigit((unsigned char)*cp)) 318 pp = &lp->d_partitions[0]; 319 else 320 pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a']; 321 if (pp->p_size == 0) 322 fatal("%s: `%c' partition is unavailable", argv[0], *cp); 323 } 324 325 if (secsize == 0) 326 secsize = lp->d_secsize; 327 328 /* If force, make the partition look like an LFS */ 329 if (force) { 330 pp->p_fstype = FS_BSDLFS; 331 pp->p_size = fssize; 332 /* 0 means to use defaults */ 333 pp->p_fsize = 0; 334 pp->p_frag = 0; 335 pp->p_sgs = 0; 336 } else 337 if (fssize != 0 && fssize < pp->p_size) 338 pp->p_size = fssize; 339 340 /* Try autoconfiguring segment size, if asked to */ 341 if (segsize == -1) { 342 if (!S_ISCHR(st.st_mode)) { 343 warnx("%s is not a character special device, ignoring -A", special); 344 segsize = 0; 345 } else 346 segsize = auto_segsize(fsi, dbtob(pp->p_size), version); 347 } 348 349 /* If we're making a LFS, we break out here */ 350 exit(make_lfs(fso, secsize, pp, minfree, bsize, fsize, segsize, 351 minfreeseg, version, start, ibsize, interleave, 352 roll_id)); 353 } 354 355 #ifdef COMPAT 356 char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label; disk type must be specified"; 357 #else 358 char lmsg[] = "%s: can't read disk label"; 359 #endif 360 361 static struct disklabel * 362 getdisklabel(char *s, int fd) 363 { 364 static struct disklabel lab; 365 366 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, (char *)&lab) < 0) { 367 #ifdef COMPAT 368 if (disktype) { 369 struct disklabel *lp; 370 371 unlabeled++; 372 lp = getdiskbyname(disktype); 373 if (lp == NULL) 374 fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype); 375 return (lp); 376 } 377 #endif 378 (void)fprintf(stderr, 379 "%s: ioctl (GDINFO): %s\n", progname, strerror(errno)); 380 fatal(lmsg, s); 381 } 382 return (&lab); 383 } 384 385 386 static struct disklabel * 387 debug_readlabel(int fd) 388 { 389 static struct disklabel lab; 390 int n; 391 392 if ((n = read(fd, &lab, sizeof(struct disklabel))) < 0) 393 fatal("unable to read disk label: %s", strerror(errno)); 394 else if (n < sizeof(struct disklabel)) 395 fatal("short read of disklabel: %d of %ld bytes", n, 396 (u_long) sizeof(struct disklabel)); 397 return(&lab); 398 } 399 400 #ifdef notdef 401 static void 402 rewritelabel(char *s, int fd, struct disklabel *lp) 403 { 404 #ifdef COMPAT 405 if (unlabeled) 406 return; 407 #endif 408 lp->d_checksum = 0; 409 lp->d_checksum = dkcksum(lp); 410 if (ioctl(fd, DIOCWDINFO, (char *)lp) < 0) { 411 (void)fprintf(stderr, 412 "%s: ioctl (WDINFO): %s\n", progname, strerror(errno)); 413 fatal("%s: can't rewrite disk label", s); 414 } 415 #if __vax__ 416 if (lp->d_type == DTYPE_SMD && lp->d_flags & D_BADSECT) { 417 int i; 418 int cfd; 419 daddr_t alt; 420 off_t loff; 421 char specname[64]; 422 char blk[1024]; 423 char *cp; 424 425 /* 426 * Make name for 'c' partition. 427 */ 428 strlcpy(specname, s, sizeof(specname)); 429 cp = specname + strlen(specname) - 1; 430 if (!isdigit(*cp)) 431 *cp = 'c'; 432 cfd = open(specname, O_WRONLY); 433 if (cfd < 0) 434 fatal("%s: %s", specname, strerror(errno)); 435 if ((loff = getlabeloffset()) < 0) 436 fatal("getlabeloffset: %s", strerror(errno)); 437 memset(blk, 0, sizeof(blk)); 438 *(struct disklabel *)(blk + loff) = *lp; 439 alt = lp->d_ncylinders * lp->d_secpercyl - lp->d_nsectors; 440 for (i = 1; i < 11 && i < lp->d_nsectors; i += 2) { 441 if (lseek(cfd, (off_t)((alt + i) * lp->d_secsize), 442 SEEK_SET) == -1) 443 fatal("lseek to badsector area: %s", 444 strerror(errno)); 445 if (write(cfd, blk, lp->d_secsize) < lp->d_secsize) 446 fprintf(stderr, 447 "%s: alternate label %d write: %s\n", 448 progname, i/2, strerror(errno)); 449 } 450 close(cfd); 451 } 452 #endif /* vax */ 453 } 454 #endif /* notdef */ 455 456 void 457 usage() 458 { 459 fprintf(stderr, "usage: newfs_lfs [ -fsoptions ] special-device\n"); 460 fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n"); 461 fprintf(stderr, "\t-A (autoconfigure segment size)\n"); 462 fprintf(stderr, "\t-B segment size in bytes\n"); 463 fprintf(stderr, "\t-D (debug)\n"); 464 fprintf(stderr, 465 "\t-N (do not create file system, just print out parameters)\n"); 466 fprintf(stderr, "\t-O first segment offset in sectors\n"); 467 fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size in bytes\n"); 468 fprintf(stderr, "\t-f frag size in bytes\n"); 469 fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n"); 470 fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size in sectors\n"); 471 fprintf(stderr, "\t-v version\n"); 472 exit(1); 473 } 474